A composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes and its construction method

Abstract

This invention provides a composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes and its construction method. The foundation includes several piles embedded in the rock and a foundation frame positioned above the piles. Each pile comprises a connecting flange, cast steel, and a casting pipe fixed to the rock. The lower end of the cast steel is fixedly connected to the connecting flange, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the foundation frame. The casting pipe is arranged around the outer circumference of the cast steel. A concrete layer is poured between the cast steel and the casting pipe to strengthen the pile structure and prevent corrosion of the cast steel. This invention is simple to construct, using embedded steel bars to fix the connecting flange to the rock, and utilizing the rock's resistance to settlement to ensure the stability of the foundation structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation technology, and more specifically to a composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] As a coastal province, Fujian has a wide distribution of reefs and rocks near the sea. Because existing foundation design and construction methods are not suitable for rock foundations, coastal residents must avoid rock foundation areas when building houses. However, sandy soil foundations are highly susceptible to liquefaction and significant deformation under dynamic loads such as earthquakes, leading to settlement, tilting, and damage to the superstructure. Rock foundations, on the other hand, have higher bearing capacity and are virtually impermeable, providing excellent waterproofing and preventing settlement of buildings above them.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an independent foundation structure and method on rock foundations that can reduce the amount of rock excavation, ensure the full utilization of the foundation bearing capacity, and expand the applicable scope of the foundation has become a technical problem that the construction industry needs to further improve and optimize.

[0004] In addition, the coastal area has a complex topography. The coastline is generally a rocky slope structure. Usually, the area near the coast is full of rocks and reefs, while the inland area becomes a soft soil structure. With the development of coastal tourism resources, the demand for the foundation structure of coastal viewing buildings is increasing.

[0005] In view of this, the inventors of this case conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned problems, which led to the creation of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing a composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes that is easy to construct.

[0007] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes, comprising a number of piles located on the rock and a foundation frame set at the upper end of the piles. The piles include connecting flanges fixed to the rock, cast steel and casting pipes. The lower end of the cast steel is fixedly connected to the connecting flanges, and the upper end of the cast steel is fixedly connected to the foundation frame. The casting pipe is arranged around the outer periphery of the cast steel. A concrete layer is cast between the cast steel and the casting pipe to strengthen the structural strength of the piles and prevent the cast steel from being corroded.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to embed the connecting flange in the rock, a flange groove is carved into the rock for limiting the installation of the connecting flange, the shape of the flange groove being adapted to the shape of the connecting flange.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to fix the connecting flange to the rock, the connecting flange is fixed to the rock by implanting a reinforcing bar, the connecting flange having a reinforcing bar hole for the implanted reinforcing bar to pass through, and the upper end of the implanted reinforcing bar being installed on the connecting flange by bending and limiting.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to integrally connect the connecting flange to the rock, the outer periphery of the connecting flange is provided with a concrete reinforcing layer for improving the connection strength between the connecting flange and the rock and preventing corrosion of the connecting flange, and the concrete reinforcing layer is integrally connected with the concrete pouring layer.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to connect the connecting flange to the cast steel, the connecting flange is provided with a flange plate, the flange plate is provided with a square groove, the cast steel is an H-shaped steel, and the lower end of the H-shaped steel is fixedly installed in the square groove by bolts and nuts.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to connect the cast steel to the foundation frame, the upper end of the cast steel is fixedly connected to the foundation frame through a right-angle plate. Two U-shaped grooves are symmetrically arranged on the cast steel. There are two right-angle plates. The lower ends of the two right-angle plates are respectively installed in the two U-shaped grooves by bolts, and the upper ends of the two right-angle plates are respectively installed on the lower side of the foundation frame by bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to form a ready-made template for pouring concrete layers and eliminate the need for subsequent formwork removal, while effectively preventing the piles from being corroded, the pouring pipe is a metal pipe, a steel-plastic composite pipe, a plastic pipe, or an aluminum-plastic composite pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to assemble the foundation frame, the foundation frame includes an outer frame, several horizontal beams and vertical beams located within the outer frame, the two ends of the horizontal beams are fixed to the outer frame, the vertical beams are fixed to the horizontal beams, and the cast steel is connected to the outer frame and the horizontal beams.

[0015] Furthermore, since seaside buildings are typically situated on sloping terrain with a mixture of reefs and soft soil, with reefs near the coast and soft soil near the inland areas, a foundation structure is formed on the soft soil to ensure that the composite foundation covers the soft soil portion, in conjunction with pile driving. The composite foundation also includes splice piles located on the soft soil layer, with splice pile slots provided on the soft soil layer to accommodate the splice piles. The splice piles include lower grid-shaped reinforcing bars, upper grid-shaped reinforcing bars, and several vertical reinforcing bars vertically arranged between the lower and upper grid-shaped reinforcing bars. The lower grid-shaped reinforcing bars are located below the horizontal and vertical beams, and the upper grid-shaped reinforcing bars are located above the horizontal and vertical beams. The lower and upper grid-shaped reinforcing bars are integrally connected to the horizontal and vertical beams by concrete pouring.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing a simple construction method for composite foundations based on coastal rocky slopes.

[0017] Another solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a construction method for a composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) A flange groove is chiseled out of the rock and a hole is drilled in the flange groove to install the reinforcing bar. The connecting flange is installed in the flange groove, wherein the reinforcing bar passes through the reinforcing bar hole of the connecting flange, and then the upper end of the reinforcing bar is bent to fix the connecting flange in the flange groove.

[0019] (2) Fix the lower end of the cast steel to the flange, put the casting pipe around the outer circumference of the cast steel, pour concrete between the casting pipe and the cast steel to form a concrete casting layer, and at the same time, pour concrete around the outer circumference of the flange at the bottom of the casting pipe to form a concrete reinforcement layer.

[0020] (3) Install the outer frame and crossbeams on the upper end of the cast steel, and then install the longitudinal beams on the outer frame and crossbeams;

[0021] (4) Excavate a splicing trench in the soft soil, horizontally set the lower grid-shaped steel bars in the splicing trench, and then vertically insert several vertical steel bars. Then, set the upper grid-shaped steel bars on the vertical steel bars and above the foundation frame. Finally, set the formwork around the lower grid-shaped steel bars, the upper grid-shaped steel bars and the vertical steel bars, and connect the lower grid-shaped steel bars and the upper grid-shaped steel bars as a whole by pouring concrete into the formwork.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) Based on the fact that the coastal areas are densely covered with reefs and have rocky structures, making it impossible to build a foundation, this invention is easy to construct. It uses embedded steel bars to fix the connecting flange to the rock, and uses the rock as a base point. By taking advantage of its characteristics such as not being easy to settle, the stability of the foundation structure is guaranteed.

[0024] (2) Because the seaside environment is relatively harsh, the sea breeze and seawater are humid and have high salinity, which easily corrodes the foundation, the present invention uses a pouring pipe to pour concrete. On the one hand, it can be used as a template to pour concrete, avoiding the need to dismantle the template later. This ensures the convenience of construction and avoids pollution during demolding. On the other hand, it can effectively prevent the piles from being corroded, has strong corrosion resistance, and ensures the product's lifespan.

[0025] (3) The present invention is also applicable to environments such as saline-alkali land and frozen soil. It uses embedded steel bars to fix the connecting flange on the ground. Taking advantage of the high stability and low settlement of saline-alkali land and frozen soil, the stability of the foundation is guaranteed. Combined with the foundation frame, the structural stability of the foundation is effectively guaranteed. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the foundation frame structure;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pile driving structure;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the foundation frame and the cast steel.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Piling pile; 11. Connecting flange; 12. Cast steel; 13. Cast pipe; 14. Concrete pouring layer; 15. Flange plate; 2. Foundation frame; 21. Outer frame; 22. Horizontal beam; 23. Longitudinal beam; 3. Rock; 31. Flange groove; 4. Inserted reinforcing bar; 5. Right angle plate; 6. Piling splice. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] Example 1: As Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite foundation based on a coastal rocky slope, including several piles 1 located on rocks 3 and a foundation frame 2 located on the upper end of the piles 1. The height of each pile 1 is different, depending on the height of the rock 3, to ensure that the upper end of each pile 1 is always kept on the same horizontal plane, thereby ensuring that all piles 1 are connected to the foundation frame 2. Each pile 1 includes a connecting flange 11 fixed to the rock 3, a cast steel 12, and a casting pipe 13. The lower end of the cast steel is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 11, and the upper end of the cast steel is fixedly connected to the foundation frame 2. The casting pipe 13 is arranged around the outer periphery of the cast steel. A concrete layer 14 is cast between the cast steel 12 and the casting pipe 13 to strengthen the structural strength of the piles 1 and prevent the cast steel from being corroded.

[0034] In this example, in order to embed the connecting flange 11 into the rock 3, a flange groove 31 is carved into the rock 3 for limiting the installation of the connecting flange 11, and the shape of the flange groove 31 is adapted to the shape of the connecting flange 11.

[0035] In this example, in order to fix the connecting flange 11 to the rock 3, the connecting flange 11 is fixed to the rock 3 by inserting a reinforcing bar 4. The connecting flange 11 is provided with a reinforcing bar hole for the inserted reinforcing bar 4 to pass through. The upper end of the inserted reinforcing bar 4 is installed on the connecting flange 11 by bending and limiting.

[0036] In this example, in order to integrally connect the connecting flange 11 to the rock 3, a concrete reinforcing layer is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting flange 11 to improve the connection strength between the connecting flange 11 and the rock 3 and to prevent the connecting flange 11 from being corroded. The concrete reinforcing layer is integrally connected to the concrete pouring layer 14.

[0037] In this example, in order to connect the connecting flange 11 to the cast steel, the connecting flange 11 is provided with a flange plate 15, the flange plate 15 is provided with a square groove, the cast steel 12 is an H-shaped steel, and the lower end of the H-shaped steel is fixedly installed in the square groove by bolts and nuts.

[0038] In this example, in order to connect the cast steel to the foundation frame 2, the upper end of the cast steel 12 is fixedly connected to the foundation frame 2 by a right-angle plate 5. Two U-shaped grooves are symmetrically arranged on the cast steel 12. There are two right-angle plates 5. The lower ends of the two right-angle plates 5 are respectively installed in the two U-shaped grooves by bolts, and the upper ends of the two right-angle plates 5 are respectively installed on the lower side of the foundation frame 2 by bolts.

[0039] In this example, in order to form a ready-made template for pouring concrete layer 14 and eliminate the need for subsequent formwork removal, while effectively preventing the pile 1 from being corroded, the pouring pipe 13 is a metal pipe, steel-plastic composite pipe, plastic pipe or aluminum-plastic composite pipe.

[0040] In this example, in order to assemble the foundation frame 2, the foundation frame 2 includes an outer frame 21, a number of crossbeams 22 and longitudinal beams 23 disposed within the outer frame 21. The two ends of the crossbeams 22 are fixed to the outer frame 21, which can be connected by welding or bolts. The longitudinal beams 23 are fixed to the crossbeams 22. The cast steel is connected to the outer frame 21 and the crossbeams 22, which can be connected by welding or bolts.

[0041] In this embodiment, since seaside buildings are typically sloping terrain with a mixture of reefs and soft soil, with reefs near the sea and soft soil near the inland, a foundation structure is formed on the soft soil to ensure that the composite foundation covers the soft soil portion, in order to ensure that the composite foundation covers the soft soil portion, a foundation structure is formed on the soft soil to cooperate with the pile 1. The composite foundation also includes a splice 6 located on the soft soil layer, and a splice groove is provided on the soft soil layer to accommodate the splice 6. The splice 6 includes a lower grid-shaped steel bar, an upper grid-shaped steel bar, and several vertical steel bars vertically arranged between the lower grid-shaped steel bar and the upper grid-shaped steel bar. The lower grid-shaped steel bar is located below the horizontal beam 22 and the longitudinal beam 23, and the upper grid-shaped steel bar is located above the horizontal beam 22 and the longitudinal beam 23. The lower grid-shaped steel bar and the upper grid-shaped steel bar are integrally connected to the horizontal beam 22 and the longitudinal beam 23 by concrete pouring.

[0042] Example 2: A construction method for a composite foundation based on coastal rocky slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) A flange groove 31 is chiseled out on the rock 3, and a hole is drilled in the flange groove 31 to install the embedded steel bar 4. The connecting flange 11 is installed in the flange groove 31, wherein the embedded steel bar 4 passes through the steel bar hole of the connecting flange 11, and then the upper end of the embedded steel bar 4 is bent to fix the connecting flange 11 in the flange groove 31.

[0044] (2) Fix the lower end of the cast steel 12 to the flange 15, put the casting pipe 13 around the outer periphery of the cast steel, pour concrete between the casting pipe 13 and the cast steel to form a concrete casting layer 14, and at the same time, pour concrete around the outer periphery of the bottom connecting flange 11 of the casting pipe 13 to form a concrete reinforcement layer.

[0045] (3) Install the outer frame 21 and the crossbeam 22 on the upper end of the cast steel, and then install the longitudinal beam 23 on the outer frame 21 and the crossbeam 22;

[0046] (4) Excavate a splicing trench in the soft soil, horizontally set the lower grid-shaped steel bars in the splicing trench, and then vertically insert several vertical steel bars. Then, set the upper grid-shaped steel bars on the vertical steel bars and above the foundation frame 2. Finally, set the template around the lower grid-shaped steel bars, the upper grid-shaped steel bars and the vertical steel bars, and connect the lower grid-shaped steel bars and the upper grid-shaped steel bars in one piece by pouring concrete into the template.

[0047] Given that coastal areas are densely covered with reefs and have a rock structure, making it impossible to build a foundation, this invention is easy to construct. It uses embedded steel bars 4 to fix the connecting flange 11 to the rock 3, and uses the rock 3 as a base point. Taking advantage of its characteristics such as not being easy to settle, the stability of the foundation structure is guaranteed.

[0048] Because the coastal environment is harsh, with high humidity and high salinity, the foundation is easily corroded. This invention uses a pouring pipe 13 to pour concrete. On the one hand, it can be used as a formwork for pouring concrete, avoiding the need for subsequent formwork removal, which ensures the convenience of construction and avoids pollution during formwork removal. On the other hand, it can effectively prevent the pile 1 from being corroded, with strong corrosion resistance and guaranteed product life.

[0049] This invention is also applicable to environments such as saline-alkali land and frozen soil. It uses embedded steel bars 4 to fix the connecting flange 11 to the ground. Taking advantage of the high stability and low subsidence of saline-alkali land and frozen soil, the stability of the foundation is guaranteed. In conjunction with the foundation frame 2, the structural stability of the foundation is effectively guaranteed.

[0050] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of patent protection of the invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite ground based on a coastal rock slope, characterized by: The composite foundation comprises several piles on the rock and a foundation frame arranged on the upper end of the piles, the pile comprises a connecting flange fixed on the rock, a pouring steel and a pouring pipe, the lower end of the pouring steel is fixedly connected with the connecting flange, the upper end of the pouring steel is fixedly connected with the foundation frame, the pouring pipe is arranged around the pouring steel, and a concrete pouring layer for strengthening the structure strength of the pile and preventing the pouring steel from being corroded is poured between the pouring steel and the pouring pipe; The foundation frame comprises an outer frame, several transverse beams and longitudinal beams arranged in the outer frame, the two ends of the transverse beam are fixed on the outer frame, the longitudinal beam is fixed on the transverse beam, and the pouring steel is connected with the outer frame and the transverse beam; the composite foundation further comprises a pile on the soft soil layer, the soft soil layer is provided with a pile slot for accommodating the pile, the pile comprises lower and upper cross-shaped steels and several vertical steels vertically arranged between the lower and upper cross-shaped steels, the lower cross-shaped steel is arranged below the transverse and longitudinal beams, the upper cross-shaped steel is arranged above the transverse and longitudinal beams, and the lower and upper cross-shaped steels are integrally connected with the transverse and longitudinal beams by pouring concrete.

2. The composite ground based on the coastal rocky slope land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock is provided with a flange slot for limiting installation of the connecting flange, and the shape of the flange slot is adapted to the shape of the connecting flange.

3. The composite ground based on the coastal rocky slope land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting flange is fixed on the rock by embedding a reinforcing steel, the connecting flange is provided with a reinforcing steel hole for passing through the reinforcing steel, and the upper end of the reinforcing steel is limitedly installed on the connecting flange by bending.

4. The composite ground based on the coastal rocky slope land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the connecting flange is provided with a concrete reinforcing layer for improving the connecting strength of the connecting flange and the rock and preventing the connecting flange from being corroded, and the concrete reinforcing layer is integrally connected with the concrete pouring layer.

5. The composite ground based on a coastal rocky slope land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting flange is provided with a flange plate, the flange plate is provided with a square slot, the pouring steel is an H-shaped steel, and the lower end of the H-shaped steel is fixedly installed in the square slot by a bolt and a nut.

6. The composite ground based on a coastal rocky slope land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the pouring steel is fixedly connected with the foundation frame by a right-angle plate, two U-shaped slots are symmetrically arranged on the pouring steel, the right-angle plate has two lower ends, the two lower ends of the right-angle plate are respectively installed in the two U-shaped slots by bolts, and the upper ends of the two right-angle plates are respectively installed on the lower side of the foundation frame by bolts.

7. The composite ground based on a coastal rocky slope land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pouring pipe is a metal pipe, a steel-plastic composite pipe, a plastic pipe or an aluminum-plastic composite pipe.

8. A method of constructing a composite ground based on a coastal rocky slope according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) drilling a flange slot on the rock, drilling a hole in the flange slot to install a reinforcing steel, and installing a connecting flange in the flange slot, wherein the reinforcing steel passes through the reinforcing steel hole of the connecting flange, and the upper end of the reinforcing steel is bent to fix the connecting flange in the flange slot; (2) fixing the lower end of the pouring steel on the flange plate, sleeving the pouring pipe around the pouring steel, pouring concrete between the pouring pipe and the pouring steel to form a concrete pouring layer, and pouring concrete around the bottom of the pouring pipe and the outer periphery of the connecting flange to form a concrete reinforcing layer; (3) installing the outer frame and the transverse beam on the upper end of the pouring steel, and installing the longitudinal beam on the outer frame and the transverse beam. (4) excavating a splicing groove on soft soil, horizontally arranging a lower cross-shaped steel in the splicing groove, vertically inserting a plurality of vertical steels, then arranging an upper cross-shaped steel on the vertical steels and above the foundation frame, and finally arranging a formwork around the lower cross-shaped steel, the upper cross-shaped steel and the vertical steels, and integrally connecting the lower cross-shaped steel and the upper cross-shaped steel by pouring concrete into the formwork.

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