Low-disturbance seabed collection operation cluster system

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-disturbance seabed collection operation cluster system. Comprising a relay cabin, a suspension type mining machine, a blanket type sliding collector, a sediment tail water treatment cabin, a blanket type sewage discharge device, a sewage collection pump, a multi-stage pump, a water surface supporting ship, a vertical pipe, a hose, a floating block and the like. Efficient and low-disturbance collection of seabed mineral products is realized through collaborative operation; in the whole system, through a plurality of key components such as a relay cabin, a suspended mining machine, a blanket type sliding collector, a sediment tail water treatment cabin and a sewage collection pump, by utilizing technical means such as a vertical pipe, a multi-stage pump and a spiral conveyer, ore collection, crushing, separation, lifting and conveying are achieved in a staged mode, and disturbance to seabed sediment is effectively reduced; particularly, a negative pressure lifting technology and a multi-stage pump system are adopted, and a low-disturbance sliding collector is combined, so that the influence on the seabed environment is effectively reduced; in addition, the system is provided with a tail water treatment device, it is ensured that separated mine tailings and wastewater can be efficiently treated, and the marine environment is prevented from being polluted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine engineering equipment technology and relates to a low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of seabed mineral resources, seabed mining technology has become an important method of resource extraction. Seabed mineral resources include a variety of important minerals, such as metallic ores, rare metals, and energy minerals, the extraction of which is of great significance to global economic and technological development. However, traditional seabed mining methods are often accompanied by significant environmental disturbances, including damage to seabed ecosystems, marine pollution, and destruction of habitats.

[0003] To address this challenge, low-disturbance seabed mining technology has emerged. Its core objective is to reduce the impact of operations on the seabed environment while improving mining efficiency and resource utilization. Currently, some seabed mining equipment utilizes suspended mining machines and negative pressure hoisting technology; however, these systems often suffer from incomplete ore separation, low hoisting efficiency, and significant disturbance to the seabed ecosystem in practical applications. Therefore, a new seabed mining system is urgently needed that can ensure efficient mining while minimizing disturbance to the seabed ecosystem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a more environmentally friendly, low-disturbance seabed mining cluster system that utilizes advanced equipment and technology to effectively improve the efficiency of ore extraction and significantly reduce interference with seabed sediments and ecosystems, thus enabling the sustainable exploitation of seabed mineral resources.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a low-disturbance seabed collection operation cluster system, comprising a relay cabin, a suspended mining machine, a blanket-type sliding collector, a sediment tailwater treatment cabin, a blanket-type sludge discharger, a sludge collection pump, a multi-stage pump, and a surface support vessel.

[0006] The relay cabin is connected to the surface support vessel via a riser and a multi-stage pump at its top. The side of the relay cabin is connected to the suspended mining machine via a hose and a float. The bottom of the suspended mining machine is connected to the blanket-type sliding collector via a hose and a float. The bottom of the relay cabin is connected to the sediment tailwater treatment chamber via a riser and a sludge pump. The sediment tailwater treatment chamber is connected to the blanket-type sludge discharge device via a hose and a float.

[0007] Furthermore, the relay cabin includes an upper shell and a lower shell. A screw conveyor, a washing nozzle, a crusher, a storage tank, and a first lifting pump are installed inside the upper shell. A water injection pump, a control center, and a riser interface are installed on the outer wall of the upper shell.

[0008] The inlet of the screw conveyor is connected to the suspended mining machine. The ore washing nozzle is installed on the outside of the screw conveyor and connected to the water injection pump. The inlet of the crusher is connected to the inlet of the screw conveyor, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the ore storage tank. The first ore lifting pump is connected to the ore storage tank and the riser interface. The other end of the riser interface is connected to the multi-stage pump through the riser. The control center is installed in the relay cabin and is connected to each piece of equipment through wired lines.

[0009] A tailwater connection pipe interface runs through the lower shell of the relay compartment. One end of the tailwater connection pipe interface is connected to the upper shell of the relay compartment through the lower shell, and the other end is connected to the sewage collection pump through a riser.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper shell of the relay compartment is a sealed structure; a hollow shell is attached to the outside of the lower shell of the relay compartment, and an ellipsoidal hollow float buoyancy structure is welded inside the shell; the spiral conveyor is a mechanical ore transport mechanism with a hollow outer shell and a narrow tail end, and spiral blades are installed inside the shell and connected to a rotary drive motor; cross-shaped grinding blades are installed inside the crusher, and the cross-shaped grinding blades are driven by a motor connected to a rotating shaft; the part of the ore storage tank that is in contact with seawater adopts a hollow structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the suspended mining machine includes a mining machine shell, a propeller unit, a ore collection connecting pipe, an ore collection pump, a spiral conveying pipe, a temporary ore compartment, a seawater pump, a second ore lifting pump, a relay compartment connecting pipe, and a tailwater pipe joint.

[0012] The propeller unit is installed on the outside of the mining machine casing. The lower end of the ore collection connecting pipe is connected to the conveying hose of the blanket-type sliding collector, and its upper end is connected to the ore collection pump. The lower end of the ore collection pump is connected to the ore collection connecting pipe, and its upper end is connected to the inlet of the spiral conveying pipe. The other end of the spiral conveying pipe is connected to the temporary ore compartment. One end of the temporary ore compartment is connected to the seawater pump, and its other end is connected to the second ore lifting pump. The other end of the second ore lifting pump is connected to the relay compartment connecting pipe. The top of the relay compartment connecting pipe is connected to the hose of the relay compartment. One end of the tailwater pipe joint is connected to the suspended mining machine, and its other end is connected to the sewage collection pump through the riser.

[0013] Furthermore, a control unit compartment with a waterproof shell is installed inside the suspended mining machine. Inside the control unit compartment is a signal transceiver and control unit for receiving, processing and transmitting information, which is connected to various devices via wired lines.

[0014] Furthermore, the mining machine has a sealed outer shell, the propeller units are at least four in number, and the spiral conveying pipe has a hollow outer shell and is equipped with spiral blades inside the shell and connected to a rotary drive motor, forming a mechanical ore transport mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the blanket-type sliding collector includes a collector housing, a rotation controller installed on the top of the rolled-up outer wall of the collector housing, a propeller guide cover installed on the top of the rotation controller, propeller blades installed inside the propeller guide cover, a jet nozzle installed on the collector housing, the jet nozzle installed on the inner wall of the collector housing, and its other end connected to the water injection pump inside the collector top cap, and a collector top cap installed on the top opening of the collector housing, the collector top cap including a top cap housing, a control unit, a mining machine connection port, a guide port, and a water injection pump, the control unit being connected to each device via wired lines, the lower end of the mining machine connection port being connected to the guide port, and its upper end being connected to and connected to the ore collection pump via a hose, a float, and the ore collection connection pipe of the suspended mining machine, the guide port being a funnel-shaped opening, its upper end being connected to the mining machine connection port, and its lower edge being tightly attached to the collector housing, the water injection pump being installed inside the top cap housing, one end being connected to seawater, and the other end being connected to the jet nozzle.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer shell of the collector is rolled up on both sides, and includes a smooth arc-shaped surface at the bottom to contact the seabed during the collection process. The rolled outer walls on both sides are connected by welding plates, so that its cross-section has a trumpet-shaped opening at the bottom and a square opening at the top.

[0017] Furthermore, the sediment tailwater treatment chamber includes a treatment chamber shell and a tailwater inlet. One end of the tailwater inlet is connected to a riser to connect to a sludge collection pump, and the other end is connected to a tailwater injection pump and then to a tailwater solid-liquid separator. The tailwater solid-liquid separator includes a separator shell with a shell structure, a tailwater inlet, a tailwater outlet, and a drive motor. The tailwater inlet is connected to the tailwater injection pump. The tailwater outlet is located at the center of a hollow shaft inside the tailwater solid-liquid separator. One end of the hollow shaft is connected to the tailwater inlet, and the other end is connected to the drive motor. Separation blades are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow shaft. A concentrated turbid liquid outlet is installed at the tail end of the tailwater solid-liquid separator near the tailwater inlet, and a clean water outlet is installed at the front of the tailwater solid-liquid separator near the drive motor.

[0018] A clean water drain outlet is provided at the other end of the tailwater solid-liquid separator. A sludge discharge port is also installed on the tailwater solid-liquid separator. The sludge discharge port is connected to a blanket-type sludge discharge device. A turbid flow pump is installed on the sludge discharge port.

[0019] Furthermore, the blanket-type sewage discharger includes a sewage discharger housing, a sewage discharger propeller rotation controller, and a sewage discharger top cap;

[0020] The sewage discharger housing is rolled up on both sides. The sewage discharger propeller rotation controller is installed on the top of the rolled-up outer wall of the sewage discharger housing. A sewage discharger propeller guide is installed on the top of the sewage discharger propeller rotation controller. Sewage discharger propeller blades are installed inside the sewage discharger propeller guide. The sewage discharger top cap is installed on the top opening of the sewage discharger housing. The system includes a sewage discharger top cap housing, a control module, and a tailwater treatment chamber interface. The control module is connected to each device via wired lines. The tailwater treatment chamber interface is connected to the sewage discharger connection port of the sediment tailwater treatment chamber via a hose and a float.

[0021] The working principle of this invention: Based on a set of reasonable seabed operation equipment and technology, this invention achieves efficient and low-disturbance mining of seabed minerals through collaborative operations. The entire system utilizes multiple key components such as a relay cabin, a suspended mining machine, a carpet-type sliding collector, a sediment tailwater treatment chamber, and a sludge pump. Employing technologies such as risers, multi-stage pumps, and spiral conveyors, it achieves the phased collection, crushing, separation, lifting, and transportation of ore, effectively reducing disturbance to seabed sediments. In particular, the use of negative pressure lifting technology and a multi-stage pump system, combined with a low-disturbance sliding collector, effectively reduces the impact on the seabed environment. Furthermore, the system is equipped with a tailwater treatment device to ensure that the separated tailings and wastewater are efficiently treated, preventing pollution of the marine environment.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant features: 1. Low-disturbance operation: The system combines a blanket-type sliding collector and a suspended mining machine, enabling it to slide on the seabed and collect ore, reducing disturbance to seabed sediments during the collection process; the sliding collector allows it to maintain minimal contact with the seabed, thereby reducing disturbance in traditional mining operations and protecting the seabed ecosystem; 2. High-efficiency ore separation and hoisting system: Through the synergistic action of a screw conveyor, crusher, multi-stage pump, and other equipment, the system achieves efficient separation, crushing, and hoisting of ore particles; the ore undergoes... After initial treatment, the ore is lifted to the surface support vessel under negative pressure, effectively improving mining efficiency and ensuring smooth ore transport. This not only increases efficiency but also reduces the mixing of ore and sediment, ensuring ore purity. 3. Comprehensive tailings treatment and pollution control: The system is equipped with a sediment tailings treatment chamber, effectively treating the separated tailings and wastewater. A tailings solid-liquid separator ensures tailings treatment, and a blanket-type sludge discharge system releases high-concentration sediment turbidity to the seabed, thus preventing tailings pollution of the marine environment. This ensures minimal impact on the marine ecosystem during operations and demonstrates significant environmental protection benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the relay cabin in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the suspended mining machine in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the carpet-type sliding data collector in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the collector housing, rotation controller, and propeller guide fairing in the blanket-type sliding collector of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the top cap of the collector in the blanket-type sliding collector of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the sediment tailwater treatment chamber in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the tailwater solid-liquid separator in the sediment tailwater treatment chamber of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the blanket-type sewage discharger in this invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the top cap of the blanket-type sewage discharger of the present invention;

[0033] In the diagram, 1 is the relay compartment, 10 is the upper shell of the relay compartment, 11 is the lower shell of the relay compartment, 12 is the screw conveyor, 13 is the ore washing nozzle, 14 is the water injection pump, 15 is the crusher, 16 is the ore storage compartment, 17 is the first ore hoisting pump, 18 is the control center, 19 is the riser interface, and 20 is the tailwater connection pipe interface.

[0034] 2 is a suspended mining machine, 21 is the mining machine shell, 22 is the propeller unit, 23 is the ore collection connection pipe, 24 is the ore collection pump, 25 is the spiral conveyor pipe, 26 is the temporary ore compartment, 27 is the seawater pump, 28 is the second ore lifting pump, 29 is the relay compartment connection pipe, 30 is the tailwater pipe joint, and 90 is the control unit compartment.

[0035] 3 is the carpet-type sliding collector, 31 is the collector housing, 32 is the rotation controller, 33 is the propeller guide, 34 is the propeller blade, and 35 is the jet nozzle.

[0036] 36 is the top cap of the collector; 361 is the outer shell of the top cap; 362 is the control unit; 363 is the mining machine connection port; 364 is the flow guide port; 365 is the water injection pump.

[0037] 4 is the sediment tailwater treatment chamber, 41 is the outer shell of the treatment chamber, 42 is the tailwater inlet, 43 is the tailwater injection pump, 44 is the tailwater solid-liquid separator, 441 is the separator shell, 442 is the tailwater inlet, 443 is the tailwater outlet, 444 is the separation blade, 445 is the drive motor, 446 is the concentrated turbid liquid outlet, and 447 is the clear water outlet.

[0038] 45 is the clean water drain outlet, 46 is the turbid water pump, and 47 is the sewage discharge port.

[0039] 5 is the blanket-type sewage discharger, 51 is the sewage discharger housing, 52 is the sewage discharger propeller rotation controller, 53 is the sewage discharger propeller guide, and 54 is the sewage discharger propeller blade.

[0040] 55 is the top cap of the drainer; 551 is the outer shell of the top cap of the drainer; 552 is the control module; 553 is the tailwater treatment chamber interface.

[0041] 6 is a sewage pump, 7 is a multistage pump, and 8 is a surface support vessel. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the low-disturbance seabed data collection cluster system of the present invention mainly consists of a relay cabin 1, a suspended mining machine 2, a blanket-type sliding data collector 3, a sediment tailwater treatment cabin 4, a blanket-type wastewater discharger 5, a wastewater collection pump 6, a multi-stage pump 7, a surface support vessel 8, and several other equipment such as risers, hoses, and floats.

[0044] The relay compartment 1 is mainly used for mineral processing and crushing, and serves as a temporary transitional storage tank for ore. The upper part of the relay compartment 1 is connected to the surface support vessel 8 via a riser and a multi-stage pump 7. The multi-stage pump 7 generates negative pressure to lift the ore particles to the surface support vessel 8. The side of the relay compartment 1 is connected to the suspended mining machine 2 via a hose and a float to transport the ore particles initially processed by the suspended mining machine 2 into the relay compartment 1 for further processing. The lower part of the relay compartment 1 is connected to the sediment tailings treatment tank 4 via a riser and a sludge collection pump 6 to transport the separated tailings sediment into the sediment tailings treatment tank 4 for further processing.

[0045] The bottom of the suspended mining machine 2 is connected to the carpet-type sliding collector 3 via a hose and a float. Several carpet-type sliding collectors 3 can be connected according to different engineering realities. The suspended mining machine 2 is used to lift the ore collected by the carpet-type sliding collector 3 into the cabin of the suspended mining machine 2 and to initially separate the lifted ore particles and sediments.

[0046] The blanket-type sliding collector 3 is propelled by a propeller on the seabed and collects mineral particles along the sliding path.

[0047] The sediment tailwater treatment chamber 4 absorbs the sediment turbidity separated from the suspended mining machine 2 and the relay chamber 1 into the sediment tailwater treatment chamber 4 through the sludge collection pump 6 for tailwater treatment, and is connected to the blanket-type sludge discharge device 5 through the pipeline. The blanket-type sludge discharge device 5 slides on the seabed by the propeller and discharges the high-concentration sediment tailwater after separation.

[0048] The multi-stage pump 7 is used to generate a large negative pressure for the entire lifting system, which lifts the mineral particles collected from the seabed onto the surface support vessel 8, and then transfers them from the surface support vessel 8 to the transport vessel for transportation.

[0049] In addition, the surface support vessel (mining vessel) 8 is equipped with energy, communication and data processing systems to ensure the normal operation of the entire system, and is connected to the seabed robot operation cluster through a pipeline system, so that the cooperation between the various modules can be coordinated to complete the seabed collection operation with low disturbance.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, the relay cabin 1 mainly consists of an upper shell 10, a lower shell 11, a spiral conveyor 12, a washing nozzle 13, a water injection pump 14, a crusher 15, a storage tank 16, a first hoisting pump 17, a control center 18, a riser interface 19, and a tailwater connection pipe interface 20. The upper shell 10 is a sealed structure to prevent sediment pollutants from escaping and polluting the marine environment after washing within the relay cabin 1. The lower shell 11 has a perforated outer shell, inside which an ellipsoidal hollow buoy is welded for buoyancy. The perforated outer plate is used to better weld and fix the ellipsoidal hollow buoy, providing upward buoyancy to the relay cabin 1 and reducing the vertical load on the riser. The inlet of the spiral conveyor 12 is connected to the suspended mining machine 2, allowing the collected particles to be transported to the relay compartment for separation and crushing of coarse particles. The spiral conveyor 12 is a mechanical ore transport mechanism with a hollow outer shell and a narrow tail end. The shell contains spiral blades connected to a rotating drive motor. The spiral blades are driven by a motor to propel the ore particles forward. The narrow tail end structure provides better flow guidance and transport. Simultaneously, the centrifugal force generated during the propulsion of the spiral blades further pushes the mild sediments in the ore particles to the outside and escapes from the hollow outer shell into the compartment, thus achieving ore transport and separation of ore and sediments. The washing nozzle 13 is installed on the outside of the spiral conveyor 12 and connected to the injection port. Water pump 14 is connected to the ore washing nozzle 13 at the other end, which draws water from the sea at one end. A high-speed jet is ejected from the nozzle 13 to further separate the ore and sediment within the screw conveyor 12. The inlet of the crusher 15 is connected to the inlet of the screw conveyor 12, transporting the ore particles separated by the screw conveyor 12 to the crusher 15 for further crushing. Crossed grinding blades are installed inside the crusher 15. The spacing between the grinding blades and the friction between the impellers crush the ore particles to a suitable size, ensuring sufficient flow and smoothness in the riser and multi-stage pump 7. The crossed grinding blades are driven by a motor connected to a rotating shaft. The crusher 15... The outlet of the ore storage compartment 16 is connected to the inlet of the storage compartment 16, allowing crushed ore to be transported into the storage compartment 16. The part of the storage compartment 16 that comes into contact with seawater has a hollow structure to ensure the mixing of crushed ore and seawater, thereby ensuring good fluidity so that the first lifting pump 17 can further pump the ore to the riser interface 19, which is then further lifted by the multi-stage pump 7. The first lifting pump 17 connects the storage compartment 16 and the riser interface 19. The other end of the riser interface 19 is used to connect the riser, thereby connecting the multi-stage pump 7 and ensuring the smooth operation of the entire lifting system. The control center 18 is located in the relay compartment 1 and is used to receive, process, and transmit information to control and coordinate the operation of the relay compartment 1 in the work cluster system.One end of the tailwater connection pipe interface 20 is connected to the upper shell 10 of the relay compartment, and the other end is connected to the sludge collection pump 6 through a riser. The negative pressure suction generated by the sludge collection pump 6 draws the sediment turbidity separated inside the upper shell 10 of the relay compartment into the sediment tailwater treatment compartment 4 for tailings treatment.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown, the suspended mining machine 2 mainly consists of a mining machine shell 21, a propeller unit 22, a ore collection connecting pipe 23, an ore collection pump 24, a spiral conveying pipe 25, a temporary ore compartment 26, a seawater pump 27, a second ore lifting pump 28, a relay compartment connecting pipe 29, and a tailrace pipe joint 30. The mining machine shell 21 is a sealed structure to prevent pollutants from escaping and polluting the marine environment after preliminary ore sediment separation within the suspended mining machine 2. There are at least four propeller units 22, installed on the outside of the mining machine shell 21, providing lift, forward force, and directional control for the mining machine shell 21. The lower end of the ore collection connecting pipe 23 connects to the blanket... The conveying hose of the carpet-type sliding collector 3 is connected to the upper end of the ore collection pump 24, so that the negative pressure suction generated by the ore collection pump 24 assists the carpet-type sliding collector 3 in collecting ore and transporting the ore into the suspended mining machine 2; the lower end of the ore collection pump 24 is connected to the ore collection connecting pipe 23, and its upper end is connected to the inlet of the spiral conveying pipe 25, which transports the collected ore and sediment mixture into the spiral conveying pipe 25 for further transport and preliminary separation of ore and sediment; the spiral conveying pipe 25 is a mechanical ore transport mechanism with a hollow shell, in which spiral blades are installed and connected to a rotary drive motor. The motor drives the spiral blades to propel the ore particles forward, while simultaneously... The centrifugal force generated during the propulsion of the spiral blades further pushes the mild sediments in the ore particles to the outside and escapes through the perforated outer shell into the compartment, realizing the transportation of ore and the initial separation of ore and sediments. The other end of the spiral conveying pipe 25 is connected to the temporary ore compartment 26, where the separated ore is stored for further transportation. One end of the temporary ore compartment 26 is connected to the seawater pump 27, and the other end is connected to the second ore lifting pump 28. The seawater pump 27 injects water into the temporary ore compartment 26 to ensure that the mixture of ore and sediment particles in the temporary ore compartment 26 has good fluidity so that it can be pumped by the second ore lifting pump 28 to the relay compartment connecting pipe 29. The top of the relay compartment connecting pipe 29 is connected to the hose of the relay compartment 1, which transports the initially separated ore mixture to the relay compartment 1 for further processing; one end of the tailwater pipe connector 30 is connected to the suspended mining machine 2, and the other end is connected to the sludge collection pump 6 through a riser. The negative pressure suction generated by the sludge collection pump 6 draws the sediment turbid liquid separated inside the suspended mining machine 2 to the sediment tailwater treatment compartment 4 for tailings treatment; the control unit compartment 90 is located inside the suspended mining machine 2. It has a waterproof shell and is equipped with a signal transceiver and control unit inside, which is used to receive, process and transmit information to control and coordinate the work of the suspended mining machine 2 in the operation cluster system.

[0052] like Figure 4-6As shown, the blanket-type sliding collector 3 mainly consists of a collector shell 31, a rotation controller 32, a propeller guide shroud 33, propeller blades 34, a jet nozzle 35, and a collector top cap 36. The collector shell 31 has rolled-up sides and includes a smooth, arc-shaped curved surface at the bottom to contact the seabed during collection, allowing it to slide on the seabed. This ensures stability during collection and reduces disturbance to seabed sediments. The rolled-up outer walls on both sides are connected by welded plates, creating a cross-section with a flared opening at the bottom and a square opening at the top. The connecting plates of the rolled-up outer walls are also positioned at a certain height above the bottom to prevent scooping up seabed sediments and causing additional disturbance. To ensure the smooth flow of the negative pressure flow field within the blanket-type sliding collector 3, preventing it from being pressed against the seabed by the negative pressure and hindering its forward movement, the rotation controller 32 is installed on the top of the rolled-up outer wall of the collector housing 31 and can be rotated by a motor. A propeller guide shroud 33 is installed on top of the rotation controller 32, and propeller blades 34 are installed inside the propeller guide shroud 33. The propeller blades 34 are rotated by a motor, and the propeller guide shroud 33 concentrates the flow field to provide the driving force for the blanket-type sliding collector 3 to move forward. The direction of the driving force is controlled by the rotation of the rotation controller 32 to ensure that the blanket-type sliding collector 3 can slide freely on the seabed. The jet nozzle 35 is installed on the inner wall of the collector housing 31, and its other end is connected to the water injection pump 365 inside the collector top cap 36. It sprays jets onto the seabed to agitate the ore particles embedded in the seabed, thus improving their lifting efficiency. The collector top cap 36 is installed on the top opening of the collector housing 31 and mainly consists of the top cap housing 361, control unit 362, mining machine connection port 363, guide port 364, and water injection pump 365. The top cap housing 361 provides waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and easily navigable space for the internal components. The control unit 362 receives, processes, and transmits information to control and coordinate the blanket-type sliding collector 3 within the operating cluster system. The mining machine connection port 363 is connected to the guide port 364 at its lower end and to the collection pump 24 at its upper end via a hose, float and collection connection pipe 23 of the suspended mining machine 2. This provides an upward negative pressure suction for the blanket-type sliding collector 3, which facilitates better collection and transportation of mineral particles. The guide port 364 is a funnel-shaped opening, with its upper end connected to the lower edge of the mining machine connection port 363, which is close to the collector housing 31 to form a normal negative pressure and ore transmission channel. The water injection pump 365 is installed inside the top cap housing 361, with one end connected to seawater and the other end connected to the jet nozzle 35. The jet nozzle 35 uses sufficient jet to agitate mineral particles on the seabed.

[0053] like Figure 7-8As shown, the sediment tailwater treatment chamber 4 mainly consists of a treatment chamber shell 41, a tailwater inlet 42, a tailwater injection pump 43, a tailwater solid-liquid separator 44, a clear water outlet 45, a turbidity pump 46, and a sludge discharge port 47. The treatment chamber shell 41 provides space for the internal structure of the sediment tailwater treatment chamber 4. One end of the tailwater inlet 42 is connected to a riser to connect to a sludge collection pump 6, further pumping the wastewater collected by the sludge collection pump 6 into the tailwater solid-liquid separator 44 via the tailwater injection pump 43 connected to the other end, where solid-liquid separation is achieved. The clean water is then discharged from the same outlet and connected to the blanket-type sewage discharger 5 via the sewage discharger connection port 47. The separated high-concentration sediment turbidity is further discharged through the blanket-type sewage discharger 5. The tailwater solid-liquid separator 44 mainly consists of a separator shell 441, a tailwater inlet 442, a tailwater outlet 443, separation blades 444, a drive motor 445, a concentrated turbidity outlet 446, and a clean water outlet 447. The separator shell 441 has a gradually tapering structure at the tail end, providing internal space for the tailwater treatment of the tailwater solid-liquid separator 44. The sediment inlet 442 interacts with the separation blades 444 to complete the solid-liquid separation of the sediment tailwater. The tailwater inlet 442 is connected to the tailwater injection pump 43, which continuously pumps the sediment tailwater into the tailwater solid-liquid separator 44 through pump pressure. The tailwater outlet 443 is located at the center of the hollow shaft inside the tailwater solid-liquid separator 44, which can discharge the sediment tailwater pumped in by the tailwater injection pump 43 and perform solid-liquid separation through the impeller drive of the separation blades. One end of the hollow shaft is connected to the tailwater inlet 442, and the other end is connected to the drive motor 445. The separator 44 has a hollow shaft with a separation blade 444 fixed on its outer wall. The hollow shaft is driven by a drive motor 445, which drives the separation blade 444 to rotate. This causes the solid sediment in the tailwater to move towards the tail end, while the clear water moves forward due to the pressure from the gradually tightening tail end, thus achieving solid-liquid separation. The concentrated turbid liquid outlet 446 is installed at the tail end of the tailwater solid-liquid separator 44, and the clear water outlet 447 is installed at the front end of the tailwater solid-liquid separator 44, so as to discharge the high-concentration sediment turbid liquid and the separated clear water respectively.

[0054] like Figure 9-10As shown, the blanket-type sewage collector 5 is structurally similar to the blanket-type sliding collector 3, mainly composed of a sewage collector shell 51, a sewage collector propeller rotation controller 52, a sewage collector propeller guide shroud 53, sewage collector propeller blades 54, and a sewage collector top cap 55. The sewage collector shell 51 has rolled-up sides and includes a smooth arc-shaped curved surface at the bottom to contact the seabed during collection, allowing it to slide on the seabed and ensure stability during operation, reducing disturbance to seabed sediments. The rolled-up outer walls on both sides are connected by welded plates, forming a cross-section with a flared opening at the bottom and a square opening at the top. The connecting plates of the rolled-up outer walls on both sides are at a certain height from the bottom to prevent additional disturbance caused by scooping up seabed sediments. The sewage collector propeller rotation controller 52 is installed on top of the rolled-up outer wall of the sewage collector shell 51 and can be rotated by a motor. The sewage collector propeller guide shroud 53 is installed on top of the sewage collector propeller rotation controller 52, and a sewage collector is installed inside the sewage collector propeller guide shroud 53. The propeller blades 54 are driven to rotate by a motor. The propeller guide shroud 53 concentrates the flow field to provide the driving force for the blanket-type sewage discharger 5 to move forward. The direction of the driving force is controlled by the rotation of the propeller rotation controller 52 to ensure that the blanket-type sewage discharger 5 can glide freely on the seabed. The top cap 55 of the sewage discharger is installed on the top opening of the sewage discharger housing 51 and mainly consists of the top cap housing 551, the control module 552, and the tailwater treatment chamber interface 553. The outer shell 551 provides a waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and easily housed space for the internal components; the control module 552 is used to receive, process, and transmit information to control and coordinate the operation of the blanket-type sludge discharger 5 in the working cluster system; the tailwater treatment chamber interface 553 connects to the sediment tailwater treatment chamber 4 by using a hose and float to connect to the sludge discharger connection port 47, thereby discharging the separated high-concentration sediment turbidity near the bottom onto the seabed to reduce the disturbance of sediment diffusion to the seabed environment.

Claims

1. A low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system, characterized in that, The system includes a relay cabin (1), a suspended mining machine (2), a carpet-type sliding collector (3), a sediment tailwater treatment chamber (4), a carpet-type sludge discharger (5), a sludge pump (6), a multistage pump (7), and a surface support vessel (8). The relay cabin (1) is connected to the surface support vessel (8) above the multistage pump (7) via a riser. The side of the relay cabin (1) is connected to the suspended mining machine (2) via a hose and a float. The bottom of the suspended mining machine (2) is connected to the carpet-type sliding collector (3) via a hose and a float. The bottom of the relay cabin (1) is connected to the sediment tailwater treatment chamber (4) below the relay cabin (1) via a riser and a sludge pump (6). The hose and float of the sediment tailwater treatment chamber (4) are connected to the carpet-type sludge discharger (5).

2. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay cabin (1) includes an upper shell (10) and a lower shell (11). Inside the upper shell (10) are a screw conveyor (12), a washing nozzle (13), a crusher (15), a storage tank (16), and a first lifting pump (17). On the outer wall of the upper shell (10) are a water injection pump (14), a control center (18), and a riser interface (19). The inlet of the spiral conveyor (12) is connected to the suspended mining machine (2). The washing nozzle (13) is installed on the outside of the spiral conveyor (12) and connected to the water injection pump (14). The inlet of the crusher (15) is connected to the inlet of the spiral conveyor (12), and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the storage tank (16). The first lifting pump (17) is connected to the storage tank (16) and the riser interface (19). The other end of the riser interface (19) is connected to the multi-stage pump (7) through the riser. The control center (18) is installed in the relay cabin (1) and is connected to each device through wired lines. A tailwater connection pipe interface (20) is provided through the lower shell (11) of the relay compartment. One end of the tailwater connection pipe interface (20) is connected to the upper shell (10) of the relay compartment through the lower shell (11), and the other end is connected to the sewage pump (6) through the riser.

3. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper shell (10) of the relay cabin is a sealed structure; a hollow shell is attached to the outside of the lower shell (11) of the relay cabin, and an ellipsoidal hollow float buoyancy structure is welded inside the shell; the spiral transporter (12) is a mechanical ore transport mechanism with a hollow shell and a narrow tail end, and spiral blades are installed inside the shell and connected to a rotary drive motor; cross-shaped grinding blades are installed inside the crusher (15), and the cross-shaped grinding blades are connected to the motor through a rotating shaft for driving; the part of the ore storage tank (16) that is in contact with seawater adopts a hollow structure.

4. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspended mining machine (2) includes a mining machine shell (21), a propeller unit (22), a ore collection connecting pipe (23), an ore collection pump (24), a spiral conveying pipe (25), a temporary ore compartment (26), a seawater pump (27), a second ore lifting pump (28), a relay compartment connecting pipe (29), and a tailwater pipe joint (30). The propeller unit (22) is installed on the outside of the mining machine casing (21). The lower end of the ore collection connecting pipe (23) is connected to the conveying hose of the carpet-type sliding collector (3), and its upper end is connected to the ore collection pump (24). The lower end of the ore collection pump (24) is connected to the ore collection connecting pipe (23), and its upper end is connected to the inlet of the spiral conveying pipe (25). The other end of the spiral conveying pipe (25) is connected to the temporary ore compartment (26). One end of the temporary ore compartment (26) is connected to the seawater pump (27), and its other end is connected to the second ore lifting pump (28). The other end of the second ore lifting pump (28) is connected to the relay compartment connecting pipe (29). The top of the relay compartment connecting pipe (29) is connected to the hose of the relay compartment (1). One end of the tailwater pipe connector (30) is connected to the suspended mining machine (2), and its other end is connected to the sewage pump (6) through the riser.

5. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Inside the suspended mining machine (2) is a control unit compartment (90) with a waterproof shell. Inside the control unit compartment (90) is a signal transceiver and control unit for receiving, processing and transmitting information, which is connected to each device via wired lines.

6. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mining machine housing (21) is a sealed structure, the number of propeller units (22) is at least four, and the spiral conveying pipe (25) is a mechanical ore transport mechanism with a hollow outer shell and spiral blades installed inside the shell and connected to a rotary drive motor.

7. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blanket-type sliding collector (3) includes a collector housing (31), a rotation controller (32) is installed on the top of the rolled-up outer wall of the collector housing (31), a propeller guide shield (33) is installed on the top of the rotation controller (32), propeller blades (34) are installed inside the propeller guide shield (33), a jet nozzle (35) is installed on the collector housing (31), the jet nozzle (35) is installed on the inner wall of the collector housing (31), and its other end is connected to the water pump (365) inside the collector top cap (36). A collector top cap (36) is installed on the top opening of the collector housing (31), and the collector top cap (36) includes a top cap. The device comprises a housing (361), a control unit (362), a mining machine connection port (363), a flow guide port (364), and a water injection pump (365). The control unit (362) is connected to each device via a wired line. The lower end of the mining machine connection port (363) is connected to the flow guide port (364), and its upper end is connected to the ore collection pump (24) via a hose, a float, and the ore collection connection pipe (23) of the suspended mining machine (2). The flow guide port (364) is a funnel-shaped opening, with its upper end connected to the mining machine connection port (363) and its lower edge tightly attached to the collector housing (31). The water injection pump (365) is installed inside the top cap housing (361), with one end connected to seawater and the other end connected to the jet nozzle (35).

8. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The collector shell (31) is rolled up on both sides and includes a smooth arc-shaped surface at the bottom to contact the seabed during the collection process. The rolled outer walls on both sides are connected by welding plates, so that its cross-section is a trumpet-shaped opening at the bottom and a square opening at the top.

9. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sediment tailwater treatment chamber (4) includes a treatment chamber shell (41) and a tailwater inlet (42). One end of the tailwater inlet (42) is connected to a riser to connect to a sludge collection pump (6), and the other end is connected to a tailwater injection pump (43) and then to a tailwater solid-liquid separator (44). The tailwater solid-liquid separator (44) includes a separator shell (441) with a shell structure, a tailwater inlet (442), a tailwater outlet (443), and a drive motor (445). The tailwater inlet (442) is connected to the tailwater injection pump (43). A water outlet (443) is located at the center of the hollow shaft inside the tailwater solid-liquid separator (44). One end of the hollow shaft is connected to the tailwater inlet (442), and the other end is connected to the drive motor (445). Separation blades (444) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hollow shaft. A concentrated turbid liquid outlet (446) is installed at the tail of the tailwater solid-liquid separator (44) near the tailwater inlet (442). A clean water outlet (447) is installed at the front of the tailwater solid-liquid separator (44) on the side near the drive motor (445). A clean water drain outlet (45) is provided at the other end of the tailwater solid-liquid separator (44). A sewage discharge port (47) is also installed on the tailwater solid-liquid separator (44). The sewage discharge port (47) is connected to the blanket sewage discharger (5). A turbid flow pump (46) is installed on the sewage discharge port (47).

10. The low-disturbance seabed data acquisition cluster system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blanket-type sewage discharger (5) includes a sewage discharger housing (51), a sewage discharger propeller rotation controller (52), and a sewage discharger top cap (55). The sewage discharger housing (51) is rolled up on both sides. The sewage discharger propeller rotation controller (52) is installed on the top of the rolled-up outer wall of the sewage discharger housing (51). A sewage discharger propeller guide shroud (53) is installed on the top of the sewage discharger propeller rotation controller (52). Sewage discharger propeller blades (54) are installed inside the sewage discharger propeller guide shroud (53). The sewage discharger top cap (55) is installed on the top opening of the sewage discharger housing (51). The sewage discharger top cap housing (551), control module (552), and tailwater treatment chamber interface (553) are included. The control module (552) is connected to each device through wired lines. The tailwater treatment chamber interface (553) is connected to the sewage discharger connection port (47) of the sediment tailwater treatment chamber (4) through a hose and a float.

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