Wind power cabin exhaust silencer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of exhaust and noise elimination, and discloses a wind power cabin exhaust silencer which comprises an exhaust pipe and a noise elimination pipe which are communicated with each other, an exhaust fan for driving gas to move towards the noise elimination pipe is arranged in the exhaust pipe, and multiple sets of sound absorption assemblies rotating synchronously are arranged in the noise elimination pipe. A gap for air to flow is formed between every two adjacent sound absorption assemblies, and an acute included angle is formed between the plane of each sound absorption assembly and the airflow direction; the sound absorption assembly comprises a first rotating frame and a second rotating frame which are sequentially arranged in the airflow direction and hinged to each other, and sound absorption plates are arranged on the side faces, making contact with airflow, of the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame. According to the silencer, by arranging the included angle adjusting assembly, the included angle between the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame in the silencing pipe is dynamically adjusted, linkage control is conducted on the included angle and the rotating speed of the exhaust fan, and the silencing performance of the silencer can be adaptively optimized according to the actual thermal load of a wind power cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of exhaust noise reduction technology, specifically a wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer. Background Technology

[0002] Modern wind turbines typically have a single unit capacity of several megawatts, meaning that their core components, such as generators, gearboxes, and converters, generate extremely significant heat loads during operation. To ensure the stable and reliable operation of these expensive devices within a suitable temperature range and to extend their service life, modern wind turbine nacelles are generally equipped with forced ventilation cooling systems. These systems usually consist of high-power axial or centrifugal fans that generate strong airflow to expel accumulated heat from the nacelle through exhaust vents. However, this heat dissipation process generates intense aerodynamic noise with a wide frequency spectrum and high sound pressure level. This noise primarily originates from turbulence generated by the rotating fan blades and vortex shedding caused by high-speed airflow passing through structures such as exhaust louvers. This broadband noise propagates to the far field with the airflow, causing a significant impact on the acoustic environment surrounding wind farms and has become one of the key environmental factors restricting wind farm site selection, especially in areas close to residential areas.

[0003] Currently, the common practice in the industry to address the aforementioned noise issues is to install fixed resistive silencers at the nacelle exhaust outlets. These silencers typically employ internal sound-absorbing sheets or honeycomb sound-absorbing structures, utilizing the sound energy dissipation characteristics of porous sound-absorbing materials to reduce noise, especially effective in suppressing mid-to-high frequency noise. However, this fixed-structure silencer has a significant drawback: its noise reduction characteristics (such as noise reduction amount and spectral characteristics) are fixed after design and installation and cannot be dynamically adjusted. The operating conditions of wind turbines are directly affected by changes in natural wind speed, and the heat generation and required cooling airflow within the nacelle fluctuate significantly. Under low wind speed and low load conditions, the nacelle generates less heat, and the required cooling airflow is correspondingly reduced. If a fixed silencer is still operating at maximum noise reduction in this situation, its inherent airflow channel design will generate unnecessary and excessively high airflow resistance, increasing the energy consumption of the ventilation fans and reducing the overall energy efficiency of the cooling system. Conversely, under certain transient high-heat conditions, the fixed noise reduction performance may not be sufficient to achieve optimal noise suppression. Therefore, existing fixed silencers are difficult to achieve the best balance between noise control efficiency and system operating energy efficiency throughout the entire wind turbine operating range, and lack the ability to adaptively adjust according to actual operating conditions, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer includes an exhaust pipe and a silencer pipe that are interconnected. The exhaust pipe contains an exhaust fan that drives the gas to move towards the silencer pipe. The silencer pipe contains multiple sets of synchronously rotating sound-absorbing components. A gap for gas flow is provided between adjacent sets of sound-absorbing components, and the plane of each sound-absorbing component forms an acute angle with the airflow direction. Each sound-absorbing component includes a first rotating frame and a second rotating frame arranged sequentially along the airflow direction and hinged to each other. Sound-absorbing plates are provided on the sides of the first and second rotating frames that contact the airflow. The sidewall of the silencer pipe is provided with an angle adjustment component for adjusting the angle between the first and second rotating frames.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust pipe is a circular tubular structure, the muffler is a square tubular structure, and a connecting pipe is provided between the exhaust pipe and the muffler. One end of the connecting pipe is provided with a circular interface that connects to the exhaust pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is provided with a square interface that connects to the square pipe. The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the muffler.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silencer includes a support frame with a cubic frame structure and a U-shaped protective shell fitted over the outside of the support frame. A sound-absorbing panel is disposed inside the protective shell. A suspension rotation assembly for suspending the end of a first rotating frame is disposed on the side of the support frame near the exhaust pipe, and a lateral rotation assembly for suspending the end of a second rotating frame is disposed on the side of the support frame away from the exhaust pipe. The sound-absorbing panel has several through holes, and its interior is filled with sound-absorbing material.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transverse rotation assembly includes a first fixed plate fixedly connected to the support frame. At least one sliding rod is provided on the side of the first fixed plate. A sliding seat is slidably connected to the sliding rod. A first rotating seat rotatably connected to the side of the second rotating frame is provided on the side of the sliding seat. A limiting plate is provided at the end of the sliding rod. A return spring sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod is provided between the limiting plate and the sliding seat. The return spring is in a compressed state and provides a preload force to the sliding seat in a direction away from the center of the support frame.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suspension rotation assembly includes a second fixing plate fixedly connected to the support frame, a second rotating seat is provided on the second fixing plate, and the second rotating seat is rotatably connected to the side of the first rotating frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the included angle adjustment assembly includes a suspension frame disposed on the side of the support frame away from the exhaust pipe, a lifting device disposed on the side of the suspension frame, the extended end of the lifting device being connected to one end of the push plate, a top rod disposed on the other end of the push plate, the end of the top rod being provided with a top head for abutting against the second rotating frame, and a guide rod disposed in the middle of the suspension frame, the middle of the guide rod being slidably connected to the middle of the push plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame are hinged to each other by an inner hinge, and elastic transition strips are provided on both sides of the gap between the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame. All the sides of the first rotating frame are rotatably connected by the same connecting rod.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] By setting an angle adjustment component, the angle between the first and second rotating frames inside the silencer pipe is dynamically adjusted and linked with the speed of the exhaust fan. This allows the silencer to adaptively optimize its noise reduction performance based on the actual heat load of the wind turbine nacelle, while ensuring sufficient heat dissipation and exhaust. This effectively solves the contradiction between energy efficiency and noise control that fixed silencers cannot balance under varying operating conditions, and significantly improves the environmental friendliness and economy of wind turbine operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine nacelle exhaust muffler.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a wind turbine nacelle exhaust muffler.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe structure in a wind turbine nacelle exhaust muffler.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe in a wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a silencer pipe in a wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the silencer pipe in a wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine nacelle exhaust muffler in which the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame cooperate with each other.

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part A in the diagram.

[0024] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part B in the diagram.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment component in a wind turbine nacelle exhaust muffler.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic transition strip in a wind turbine nacelle exhaust muffler.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Exhaust pipe; 2. Connecting pipe; 3. Muffler pipe; 4. Exhaust fan; 5. Angle adjustment assembly; 6. Through hole; 7. Support frame; 8. Protective shell; 9. Sound-absorbing plate; 10. First rotating frame; 11. Second rotating frame; 12. Sound-absorbing assembly; 13. Top head; 14. Top rod; 15. Push plate; 16. Guide rod; 17. Suspension frame; 18. Lifting device; 19. First fixed plate; 20. Sliding rod; 21. Sliding seat; 22. First rotating seat; 23. Return spring; 24. Limiting plate; 25. Lateral rotation assembly; 26. Triangular guide plate; 27. Second fixed plate; 28. Second rotating seat; 29. ​​Suspension rotation assembly; 30. Inner hinge; 31. Elastic transition strip; 32. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figures 1-4A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer includes an exhaust pipe 1 and a silencer pipe 3 that are interconnected. The exhaust pipe 1 is a circular tubular structure, and an exhaust fan 4 is installed inside to drive the gas towards the silencer pipe 3. The accompanying drawings only show the effect of the airflow flowing to the right. The silencer pipe 3 is a square tubular structure. The exhaust pipe 1 and the silencer pipe 3 are connected by a connecting pipe 2. One end of the connecting pipe 2 is a circular interface that mates with the exhaust pipe 1, and the other end is a square interface that mates with the silencer pipe 3, thus achieving a smooth transition from a circular cross-section to a square cross-section. The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe 1 is designed to be smaller than that of the silencer pipe 3. The exhaust pipe 1, connecting pipe 2, and silencer pipe 3 are arranged sequentially from left to right. The exhaust pipe 1 is a square tubular structure that is open to both sides, and flanges are welded to both ends. The flange on the left side is used to fix the entire silencer to the exhaust port of the wind turbine nacelle. Connecting flanges are also provided at both ends of the connecting pipe 2. The body of the connecting pipe 2 is manufactured by casting or stamping, resulting in a smooth inner wall that facilitates smooth airflow. The exhaust pipe 1 adopts a circular structure to facilitate the installation of the exhaust fan 4, while the silencer pipe 3 adopts a square structure to facilitate the arrangement and installation of internal silencers. After the airflow enters the silencer pipe 3 with a larger cross-section from the smaller cross-section exhaust pipe 1, the flow velocity is reduced, which helps to reduce airflow noise and achieve initial noise reduction.

[0030] In one instance of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11The silencer duct 3 contains multiple sets of synchronously rotating sound-absorbing components 12 arranged sequentially from front to back. A gap is left between adjacent sound-absorbing components 12 to allow airflow, and the angle between each sound-absorbing component 12 and the airflow direction is acute. This design ensures that although the airflow direction may deflect when passing through, the small angle prevents significant blockage of the channel, guaranteeing that the silencer duct 3 remains unobstructed. Each set of sound-absorbing components 12 includes a first rotating frame 10 and a second rotating frame 11 rotatably connected to each other via an inner hinge 30. Vertical elastic transition strips 31 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the gap between the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11. The left side of the elastic transition strip 31 connects to the right side of the first rotating frame 10, and the right side of the elastic transition strip 31 connects to the left side of the second rotating frame 11, effectively shielding the gap and guiding the airflow more smoothly from the surface of the first rotating frame 10 to the surface of the second rotating frame 11. The elastic transition strip 31 is made of rubber and can adapt to deformation when the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 rotate relative to each other, continuously maintaining its function of blocking the gap. Both the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 are U-shaped frame structures, with sound-absorbing panels 9 sandwiched inside. The core sound-absorbing function is achieved through the sound-absorbing panels 9. An angle adjustment component 5 is provided on the right side of the lower surface of the silencer pipe 3 to adjust the angle between the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11. When the angle increases, the reflection path of the sound waves between the sound-absorbing components 12 increases, and the number of reflections increases, thereby enhancing the sound-absorbing effect, but the airflow resistance also increases accordingly; conversely, when the angle decreases, the airflow resistance decreases, which is beneficial for exhaust. All the first rotating frames 10 are connected at the top by a front-to-back connecting rod 32 to ensure that they can rotate synchronously.

[0031] In one instance of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 5-9 The main body of the silencer 3 includes a cubic frame support frame 7. A U-shaped protective shell 8, made of bent metal plate, is fitted around the outside of the support frame 7. During assembly, the support frame 7, welded from angle steel, serves as the skeleton, and the internal sound-absorbing components 12 are fixed in place. Sound-absorbing panels 9 are installed on the front, back, upper, and lower inner walls of the support frame 7, with bolts securing the corners of the sound-absorbing panels 9 to the support frame 7. The protective shell 8 is then fitted onto the support frame 7 from the right side and secured with bolts. Suspension rotating components 29 are located on the upper and lower sides of the left end of the support frame 7 to connect the upper and lower sides of the left end of the first rotating frame 10; transverse rotating components 25 are located on the upper and lower sides of the right end of the support frame 7 to connect the upper and lower sides of the right end of the second rotating frame 11. This allows the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 to be movably suspended inside the support frame 7 without affecting normal airflow. Multiple through holes 6 are opened on the side walls of the sound-absorbing panels 9, which are filled with sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool. The through-hole structure can increase the reflection and interference of sound waves and promote the sound waves to penetrate into the interior of the material and be consumed, thereby improving the sound absorption effect.

[0032] In one instance of this embodiment, please refer to Figures 5-9 The transverse rotation assembly 25 includes a first fixed plate 19 fixed to the right end of the support frame 7 in a front-rear orientation. A sliding rod 20 is provided at each of the front and rear ends of the left side of the first fixed plate 19, oriented left-right. A slidable sliding seat 21 is fitted onto the sliding rod 20, and a first rotating seat 22 is mounted on the side of the sliding seat 21, which is rotatably connected to the side of the second rotating frame 11. A limiting plate 24 is provided at the left end of the sliding rod 20, and a return spring 23 is fitted around the sliding rod 20 between the limiting plate 24 and the sliding seat 21. When the return spring 23 is in a compressed state, its elastic force causes the sliding seat 21 to move to the right, thereby causing the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 to tend to remain flush without external force. The suspension rotation assembly 29 includes a second fixed plate 27 fixed to the left end of the support frame 7 in a left-right orientation, and a second rotating seat 28 is provided at the right end of the second fixed plate 27, which is rotatably connected to the side of the first rotating frame 10. By cooperating with the transverse rotation component 25 and the suspension rotation component 29, the sound absorption component 12 is stably supported and can rotate flexibly.

[0033] In one instance of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 10The angle adjustment assembly 5 includes a suspension frame 17 located at the lower right end of the support frame 7. A left-right oriented guide rod 16 is fixed to the right side of the suspension frame 17, and a vertically arranged push plate 15 is slidably connected to the guide rod 16. A lifting device 18 is installed below the suspension frame 17. The lifting device 18, such as a cylinder or electric push rod, has its extended end connected to the lower end of the push plate 15, used to drive the push plate 15 to move left and right along the guide rod 16. A left-right oriented top rod 14 is provided on the left side of the upper end of the push plate 15, and a top head 13 is provided at the left end of the top rod 14. When the lifting device 18 pushes the push plate 15 to the left, the top head 13 abuts against and pushes the right side of the second rotating frame 11. Since the left side of the first rotating frame 10 is fixed, relative rotation is forced between the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11, increasing the included angle. When the top head 13 is not in contact with the second rotating frame 11, the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 will return to a small initial angle under the action of the return spring 23. Even without the return spring 23, the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 will rotate relative to each other under the action of the airflow itself. However, the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame always maintain a minimum angle and will not be completely flush. This design maintains the basic sound absorption effect on the one hand, and avoids the top head 13 from being stuck when the sound absorption assembly 12 is completely flush on the other hand. The top head 13 is located on the right side of the second rotating frame 11. It will not interfere with the airflow and is made of rubber to absorb some vibration. A triangular guide plate 26 is also provided on the left side of the first rotating frame 10. Its upper and lower ends are fixed to the upper and lower second fixed plates 27 respectively, which are used to smoothly guide the airflow entering the silencer pipe 3 to the sound absorption plates 9 on both sides.

[0034] In this embodiment, firstly, the transverse rotation assembly 25 and the suspension rotation assembly 29 are installed on the left and right sides of the support frame 7, respectively. The sound-absorbing assembly 12, with the sound-absorbing panel 9 already installed, is placed inside the support frame 7, and the sound-absorbing panel 9 is installed on the inner wall of the support frame 7. Then, the protective shell 8 is fitted and fixed, and finally, the angle adjustment assembly 5 is installed. The exhaust pipe 1 is installed at the exhaust port of the wind turbine nacelle, and the connecting pipe 2 and the silencer pipe 3 are connected sequentially to the outside of the exhaust pipe 1.

[0035] A temperature control device is installed inside the wind turbine nacelle, and this device is electrically connected to the controller of the exhaust fan 4 and the lifting device 18 in the angle adjustment assembly 5. When the heat generated inside the wind turbine nacelle is high, the speed of the exhaust fan 4 increases to enhance ventilation. At the same time, the controller instructs the lifting device 18 to move the top head 13 to the right, reducing the angle between the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11, thereby reducing airflow resistance and ensuring heat dissipation efficiency. When the heat generated inside the wind turbine nacelle decreases, the speed of the exhaust fan 4 decreases, and its operating noise decreases. At the same time, the controller instructs the lifting device 18 to move the top head 13 to the left, increasing the angle between the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11, lengthening the sound wave reflection path, and enhancing the noise reduction effect to meet the requirements of low-noise operation.

[0036] This invention provides a wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer. By setting an angle adjustment component 5, the angle between the first rotating frame 10 and the second rotating frame 11 inside the silencer pipe 3 is dynamically adjusted and linked with the speed of the exhaust fan 4. This allows the silencer to adaptively optimize its noise reduction performance based on the actual heat load of the wind turbine nacelle, while ensuring sufficient heat dissipation and exhaust. This effectively solves the contradiction between energy efficiency and noise control that fixed silencers cannot balance under varying operating conditions, and significantly improves the environmental friendliness and economy of wind turbine operation.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer, comprising an exhaust pipe and a silencer pipe that are interconnected, wherein an exhaust fan is disposed inside the exhaust pipe to drive the gas to move toward the silencer pipe, characterized in that, The silencer is equipped with multiple sets of synchronously rotating sound-absorbing components inside. There is a gap between two adjacent sets of sound-absorbing components to allow gas flow. The plane of the sound-absorbing component forms an acute angle with the airflow direction. The sound-absorbing component includes a first rotating frame and a second rotating frame that are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction and hinged to each other. The sides of the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame that are in contact with the airflow are provided with sound-absorbing panels. The side wall of the silencer is provided with an angle adjustment component for adjusting the angle between the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame.

2. The wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe is a circular tubular structure, and the muffler is a square tubular structure. A connecting pipe connects the exhaust pipe and the muffler. One end of the connecting pipe has a circular interface that connects to the exhaust pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe has a square interface that connects to the square pipe. The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the muffler.

3. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The muffler includes a support frame with a cubic frame structure and a U-shaped protective shell fitted on the outside of the support frame. The inside of the protective shell is provided with a sound-absorbing plate. The support frame is provided with a suspension rotation assembly for suspending the end of the first rotating frame on the side near the exhaust pipe, and a transverse rotation assembly for suspending the end of the second rotating frame on the side of the support frame away from the exhaust pipe.

4. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing panel has several through holes, and the interior of the sound-absorbing panel is filled with sound-absorbing material.

5. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse rotation assembly includes a first fixed plate fixedly connected to the support frame. At least one sliding rod is provided on the side of the first fixed plate. A sliding seat is slidably connected to the sliding rod. A first rotating seat is provided on the side of the sliding seat and rotatably connected to the side of the second rotating frame. A limit plate is provided at the end of the sliding rod. A return spring is provided between the limit plate and the sliding seat, sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod. The return spring is in a compressed state and provides a preload force to the sliding seat in a direction away from the center of the support frame.

6. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The suspension rotation assembly includes a second fixing plate fixedly connected to the support frame, and a second rotating seat is provided on the second fixing plate. The second rotating seat is rotatably connected to the side of the first rotation frame.

7. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The included angle adjustment assembly includes a suspension frame disposed on the side of the support frame away from the exhaust pipe. A lifting device is disposed on the side of the suspension frame. The extended end of the lifting device is connected to one end of the push plate. A top rod is disposed at the other end of the push plate. The end of the top rod is provided with a top head for abutting against the second rotating frame. A guide rod is disposed in the middle of the suspension frame. The middle part of the guide rod is slidably connected to the middle part of the push plate.

8. A wind turbine nacelle exhaust silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotating frame and the second rotating frame are hinged to each other by an inner hinge. Elastic transition strips are provided on both sides of the gap between the first rotating frame and the second rotating frame. All the sides of the first rotating frame are rotatably connected by the same connecting rod.

Images