Litchi-shaped dome structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a lychee-shaped dome structure and its construction method, including a supporting frame comprising several frame units assembled into a lychee shape. Each frame unit includes a positioning ball seat and a connecting rod connecting the positioning ball seat, with an auxiliary connection device provided in the positioning ball seat and the connecting rod. The dome curtain wall includes several curtain wall components located below the frame units. Each curtain wall component includes main node keels fixedly located below the positioning ball seats, keel connecting rods connecting adjacent main node keels, and clamping frames fixedly located below the keel connecting rods, with curtain wall glass clamped in multiple clamping frames. This invention allows for free assembly to form a complex lychee shape, achieving rapid and precise positioning. Through standardized connection methods and modular prefabrication processes, the assembly process is significantly simplified, construction efficiency and structural stability are improved, and efficient and precise construction of complex biomimetic domes is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dome construction technology, and in particular to a lychee-shaped dome structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of architectural decoration and the construction of large-scale public facilities, the demand for dome structures with complex curved shapes continues to grow, especially biomimetic domes represented by the lychee shape, which are highly favored for their unique artistic expression and cultural symbolism. However, traditional dome construction methods face significant challenges when dealing with such complex shapes, mainly due to the difficulty in shape construction and the inefficiency caused by complex assembly procedures, which restricts the large-scale application of such structures and the realization of their artistic effects.

[0003] In the prior art, the construction method for the nuclear island double-shell dome disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN112609832B has typical problems. It uses full-span scaffolding as an assembly frame and lacks modular structural design for the specific shape of the dome. This makes it difficult to control the geometry when constructing the double-shell structure, and the space for measurement, welding and inspection is limited. In addition, the repeated erection and dismantling of scaffolding increases labor and time costs.

[0004] For example, while the dome hoisting construction method disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN114775881B optimizes the installation process through segmented design, the modular structure lacks flexibility, the connection between the steel frame and the column is complex, and the assembly process still requires multiple adjustments and fixations. Construction efficiency is limited by the uncertainty of the traditional hoisting and positioning mechanism. Both reflect the core contradiction that traditional technologies struggle to balance the precise construction of complex shapes with efficient assembly.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a brand-new lychee-shaped dome structure and its construction method, which can be freely assembled to form a complex lychee shape, achieve rapid and accurate positioning, and avoid the drawbacks of repeated erection and dismantling of traditional full-span scaffolding; through standardized connection methods and modular prefabrication technology, the assembly process is greatly simplified, construction efficiency and structural stability are improved, and finally, the efficient and precise construction of complex biomimetic dome shape is achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency caused by the difficulty in constructing the shape of lychee and the complexity of the assembly process in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a lychee-shaped dome structure, comprising:

[0008] The support frame includes several frame units assembled into the shape of lychees. Each frame unit includes a positioning ball seat and a connecting rod connecting the positioning ball seat. An auxiliary connection device is provided in the positioning ball seat and the connecting rod.

[0009] The dome curtain wall includes several curtain wall components set below the frame unit. Each curtain wall component includes a main node keel fixedly set below the positioning ball seat, keel connecting rods connecting adjacent main node keels, and a clamp frame fixedly set below the keel connecting rods. Curtain wall glass is clamped in multiple clamp frames.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning ball seat includes a support base and a spherical shell that is fixedly connected to the support base. The main node keel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support base. The main node keel is provided with a number of connecting protrusions. The connecting protrusions are provided with first connecting holes. At both ends of the keel connecting rod, there are second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes.

[0011] The main node keel and the keel connecting rod are fixedly connected by connecting bolts passing through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping frame includes an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate. The upper clamping plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the keel connecting rod. Fastening bolts are passed between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The curtain wall glass is arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate and is clamped and locked by the fastening bolts.

[0013] Preferably, a lower connecting base is provided below the main node keel, and the lower connecting base includes a lower connecting plate that at least partially abuts against the lower clamping plate below;

[0014] A connecting threaded hole is provided below the main node keel, and a connecting threaded platform with a corresponding connecting threaded hole is provided on the lower assembly base. The main node keel and the lower assembly base are fixedly connected through the connecting threaded hole and the connecting threaded platform.

[0015] Preferably, the spherical shell is a hollow structure, the connecting rod is a tubular structure, and the auxiliary connection device includes an auxiliary receiving component and an auxiliary connecting component. The auxiliary receiving component includes a plurality of receiving ears fixedly disposed in the positioning ball seat, and the auxiliary connecting component includes an auxiliary connecting rod passing through the connecting rod. The auxiliary connecting rod includes a tension locking device for locking the receiving ears.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary receiving component includes a receiving support column fixedly disposed in the positioning ball seat, a plurality of receiving ears disposed at equal angles on the receiving support column, a plurality of equally distributed receiving holes formed between the receiving support column and the receiving ears, and a docking opening corresponding to the position of the receiving holes opened on the spherical shell.

[0017] The tension locking device includes several tension springs fixedly connected to the middle position of the auxiliary connecting rod, and locking buckles fixedly installed at both ends of the auxiliary connecting rod. The locking buckles lock the receiving ear through the receiving hole.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting rod can be inserted into the docking opening, and receiving slots for accommodating at least part of the receiving ears are provided at both ends of the connecting rod;

[0019] When both ends of the connecting rod are connected to positioning ball seats through auxiliary connecting components, the connecting rod abuts against the receiving ear through the docking opening.

[0020] This invention also provides a construction method for a lychee-shaped dome structure. The construction method, based on the aforementioned lychee-shaped dome structure, includes assembling a support frame and installing the dome curtain wall.

[0021] Support frame assembly, including:

[0022] S210 Ground assembly: Each spherical shell is equipped with a support base on the ground, ensuring that the support bases are at the same horizontal level;

[0023] S220, Longitudinal frame unit installation: After the frame units are assembled on the ground, each longitudinal frame unit is hoisted by a crane, and several temporary supports are set up for each longitudinal unit.

[0024] S230, Horizontal frame unit installation: After the frame units are assembled on the ground, each horizontal frame unit is hoisted by a crane. After each horizontal cell is hoisted into place, the coordinate data are measured immediately. When the error is within the control range, the frame units of each horizontal cell are assembled into place with the frame units of the next layer.

[0025] Dome curtain wall installation includes:

[0026] S310, Curtain wall component installation: The main node keel and keel connecting rods are connected by fastening bolts and then welded together. The upper clamping plate and keel connecting rods are connected by welding. The upper clamping plate and lower clamping plate are connected by connecting bolts.

[0027] S320, Curtain Wall Glass Installation: Before glass fabrication, a 3D laser instrument is used to measure and model the glass on the construction site. During installation, a handheld suction cup is used to pick up the glass, providing support points for installing the curtain wall glass between the upper and lower clamping plates.

[0028] The construction methods also include construction preparation, including:

[0029] S110, Structural Modeling: Using 3D digital software, the overall structure is designed, and the lychee-shaped dome structure is transformed into a visual model.

[0030] S120. Scaffolding erection: Erect a full-span scaffolding with disc-locking mechanism to erect the dome curtain wall work scaffolding, using a stepped erection method to gradually narrow towards the center.

[0031] During the assembly of the frame unit on the ground, the locking buckles at both ends of the tension locking device inserted in the connecting rod are connected to the receiving ears set in the positioning ball seats at both ends, so that the connecting rod passes through the docking opening and the receiving groove abuts against the receiving ear. Then, the connecting rod and the positioning ball seats at both ends are welded together.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] In this invention, the supporting frame is composed of several frame units assembled into the shape of a lychee. Each frame unit includes a positioning ball seat and a connecting rod connecting the positioning ball seat. This modular design allows for the flexible construction of various complex and realistic lychee-shaped structures by combining frame units of different numbers, angles, and positions. The density and curvature of the frame units can be adjusted according to actual needs to simulate the shape characteristics of various designed lychees, providing rich creative space for architectural or decorative design.

[0034] Whether it's a small landscape building or a large public facility dome design, the number of framework units can be adjusted to suit the needs of projects of different sizes. For small projects, fewer framework units can be used to create a simple lychee shape; while for large projects, the number of framework units can be increased to create a more grand and complex lychee-shaped dome, showcasing a unique artistic effect.

[0035] The entire structure adopts a modular design, with both the supporting frame units and the curtain wall components of the dome curtain wall prefabricated and assembled on the ground. During the ground assembly phase, each spherical shell can be equipped with a support base to ensure consistent height; then, the frame units are assembled, including the connection rods and positioning ball seats. This ground prefabrication method avoids complex assembly work at high altitudes, greatly simplifying the construction process and improving construction efficiency.

[0036] The auxiliary connection devices in the positioning ball seat and connecting rod facilitate assembly. The receiving ear in the auxiliary receiving assembly and the auxiliary connecting rod in the auxiliary connecting assembly cooperate with each other to achieve quick connection through a tension locking device. The connecting rod can be inserted into the mating opening, and the locking buckle on the auxiliary connecting rod locks the receiving ear through the receiving hole, making the connection process more stable and accurate, reducing the difficulty and error of manual operation, and further improving assembly efficiency.

[0037] The main node keel and keel connecting rods are fixedly connected by connecting bolts inserted between the first and second connecting holes. The upper and lower clamping plates of the clamping frame are clamped to the curtain wall glass by fastening bolts. The main node keel and the lower base are fixedly connected by connecting threaded holes and connecting threaded platforms. These standardized connection methods make the assembly of various components more standardized and convenient, allowing construction personnel to quickly master the connection methods and improve assembly speed and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0039] In the attached image:

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a lychee-shaped dome structure. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a lychee-shaped dome structure. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the lychee-shaped dome structure. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of the lychee-shaped dome structure. Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the lychee-shaped dome structure. Figure 3 ;

[0045] Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of the lychee-shaped dome structure. Figure 4 ;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frame unit and curtain wall components;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the frame unit and curtain wall components;

[0048] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary receiving component and the master node keel;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary connection components;

[0051] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction method of a lychee-shaped dome structure.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 11. Frame unit; 111. Positioning ball seat; 1111. Support base; 1112. Spherical shell; 1113. Docking opening; 112. Connecting rod; 1121. Receiving slot; 12. Auxiliary receiving device; 121. Auxiliary receiving assembly; 1211. Receiving ear; 1212. Receiving support column; 1213. Receiving hole; 122. Auxiliary connecting assembly; 1221. Auxiliary connecting rod; 1222. Tension locking device; 1223. Tension spring; 1224. Locking buckle; 2. Dome curtain wall; 21. Curtain wall component; 211. Main node keel; 2111. Connecting protrusion; 2112. First connecting hole; 2113. Connecting threaded hole; 212. Keel connecting rod; 2121. Second connecting hole; 213. Clamping frame; 2131. Upper clamping plate; 2132. Lower clamping plate; 2133. Fastening bolt; 214. Lower mounting base; 2141. Lower connecting plate; 2142. Connecting threaded platform; 22. Curtain wall glass. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a lychee-shaped dome structure, comprising:

[0055] The support frame 1 includes several frame units 11 assembled into the shape of lychee. Each frame unit 11 includes a positioning ball seat 111 and a connecting rod 112 connecting the positioning ball seat 111. An auxiliary connection device 12 is provided in the positioning ball seat 111 and the connecting rod 112.

[0056] The dome curtain wall 2 includes several curtain wall components 21 set below the frame unit 11. Each curtain wall component 21 includes a main node keel 211 fixedly set below the positioning ball seat 111. Keel connecting rods 212 are connected between adjacent main node keels 211. A clamping frame 213 is fixedly set below the keel connecting rod 212. Curtain wall glass 22 is clamped in multiple clamping frames 213.

[0057] Specifically, the supporting frame 1 is assembled from any number of frame units 11 into the designed lychee shape. From a structural mechanics perspective, the curved surface structure of the lychee shape can more evenly distribute the load. When encountering external forces such as wind or earthquakes, its curved shape can distribute the force to each frame unit 11, avoiding local stress concentration, thereby enhancing the stability and deformation resistance of the entire supporting frame 1 and providing reliable support for the dome curtain wall 2.

[0058] Specifically, the dome curtain wall 2 is composed of multiple curtain wall components 21. These curtain wall components 21 not only have the function of decorating the building's exterior, but also play an important role in protecting the internal structure. They can block external factors such as wind, rain, and dust from eroding the internal structure, while ensuring good lighting and ventilation inside the building through reasonable structural design.

[0059] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the positioning ball seat 111 includes a support base 1111 and a spherical shell 1112 fixedly connected to the support base 1111. The main node keel 211 is fixedly connected to the support base 1111. The main node keel 211 is provided with a plurality of connecting protrusions 2111. The connecting protrusions 2111 are provided with first connecting holes 2112. At both ends of the keel connecting rod 212, there are second connecting holes 2121 corresponding to the first connecting holes 2112.

[0060] The main node keel 211 and the keel connecting rod 212 are fixedly connected by connecting bolts passing through the first connecting hole 2112 and the second connecting hole 2121.

[0061] Specifically, the main node keel 211 is fixedly connected to the support base 1111 of the positioning ball seat 111, and is made of rectangular steel. The main node keel 211 has multiple connecting protrusions 2111, which are rectangular or trapezoidal in shape, increasing the contact area with the keel connecting rod 212 and improving the stability of the connection. A first connecting hole 2112 is provided on the connecting protrusion 2111. The size and precision of the first connecting hole 2112 are strictly controlled to ensure accurate correspondence with the second connecting hole 2121 on the keel connecting rod 212.

[0062] Among them, the main node keel 211 is the main load-bearing structure of the curtain wall component 21. It can transfer the wind force, self-weight and other forces borne by the curtain wall glass 22 to the keel connecting rod 212 through the connecting protrusion 2111 and connecting bolts, and then to the supporting frame 1. Its reasonable cross-sectional shape and size design enable the main node keel 211 to maintain good rigidity and strength under stress and not undergo significant deformation.

[0063] In this embodiment, the keel connecting rod 212 is connected between adjacent main node keels 211 and is made of the same type of steel as the main node keel 211. Both ends of the keel connecting rod 212 are provided with second connecting holes 2121 corresponding to the first connecting holes 2112. Connecting bolts are passed through the first connecting holes 2112 and the second connecting holes 2121 for fastening, forming a robust connection. This bolted connection method is simple and reliable, easy to install and disassemble, and ensures the strength and stability of the connection.

[0064] Among them, the keel connecting rod 212 serves to connect and reinforce the main node keel 211, enabling adjacent main node keels 211 to form a whole, thus enhancing the lateral stability of the entire curtain wall structure. When subjected to external forces in the horizontal direction, the keel connecting rod 212 can effectively disperse the force and prevent the main node keel 211 from deforming or displacing independently.

[0065] In this embodiment (not shown in the figure), the keel connecting rod and the main node keel are fastened together by connecting bolts passing through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, forming a firm connection. The connecting bolts can be common bolts or any other suitable fasteners.

[0066] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the clamping frame 213 includes an upper clamping plate 2131 and a lower clamping plate 2132. The upper clamping plate 2131 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the keel connecting rod 212. Fastening bolts 2133 are passed between the upper clamping plate 2131 and the lower clamping plate 2132. The curtain wall glass 22 is arranged between the upper clamping plate 2131 and the lower clamping plate 2132 and is clamped and locked by the fastening bolts 2133.

[0067] Specifically, the upper clamping plate 2131 is fixedly connected below the keel connecting rod 212 and is made of aluminum alloy sheet. The surface of the upper clamping plate 2131 is anodized, which gives it good corrosion resistance and aesthetics. Its shape is roughly triangular, and its size is designed according to the specifications of the curtain wall glass 22, so as to accurately cover the upper edge of the curtain wall glass 22.

[0068] Furthermore, the lower clamping plate 2132 corresponds to the upper clamping plate 2131 and is positioned below the curtain wall glass 22. The lower clamping plate 2132 is also made of aluminum alloy sheet and is connected to the upper clamping plate 2131 by fastening bolts 2133. The fastening bolts 2133 are evenly distributed between the upper clamping plate 2131 and the lower clamping plate 2132, and reliable clamping of the curtain wall glass 22 can be achieved by adjusting the tightness of the nuts.

[0069] In this embodiment, the upper clamping plate 2131 and the lower clamping plate 2132 are clamped and locked together by fastening bolts 2133. One end of the fastening bolt 2133 passes through and is welded to the upper clamping plate 2131, and the other end of the fastening bolt 2133 passes through the lower clamping plate 2132 and is threaded with a nut to facilitate the installation of the curtain wall glass 22. The fastening bolt 2133 can be a common bolt or any other functional component that meets the desired requirements.

[0070] Specifically, the function of the clamping frame 213 is to provide installation and fixing space for the curtain wall glass 22. Through the combined action of the upper clamping plate 2131 and the lower clamping plate 2132, the curtain wall glass 22 is tightly clamped in the middle. This clamping method can ensure that the curtain wall glass 22 will not shake or fall off when subjected to external forces, and at the same time, it can prevent the curtain wall glass 22 from cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes.

[0071] Specifically, the curtain wall glass 22 uses insulated tempered glass, which consists of two or more layers of glass separated by an air gap and is tempered. The insulated structure provides excellent heat and sound insulation, effectively reducing heat transfer between indoors and outdoors and minimizing external noise interference. The tempering process gives the glass high strength and impact resistance; even under significant impact, it will not easily shatter, and if it does, it will break into blunt, non-sharp particles, reducing the risk of injury.

[0072] The curtain wall glass 22 is positioned between the upper clamping plate 2131 and the lower clamping plate 2132 of the clamping frame 213, and is fixed by the clamping action of the fastening bolts 2133. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the gap between the curtain wall glass 22 and the clamping frame 213 is uniform, and sealant is used for sealing to prevent rainwater leakage and air infiltration.

[0073] like Figures 3 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a lower connecting base 214 is provided below the main node keel 211. The lower connecting base 214 includes a lower connecting plate 2141 that at least partially abuts against the lower clamping plate 2132.

[0074] A connecting threaded hole 2113 is provided below the main node keel 211, and a connecting threaded platform 2142 corresponding to the connecting threaded hole 2113 is provided on the lower fitting base 214. The main node keel 211 and the lower fitting base 214 are fixedly connected through the connecting threaded hole 2113 and the connecting threaded platform 2142.

[0075] Specifically, the lower mounting base 214 is located below the main node keel 211, and its lower connecting plate 2141 at least partially abuts against the lower clamping plate 2132. The lower connecting plate 2141 is made of high-strength steel plate with a rust-proof surface treatment. The function of the lower connecting plate 2141 is to further enhance the stability of the curtain wall assembly 21. It can distribute the force borne by the curtain wall glass 22 and the clamping frame 213, and transfer part of the load to the main node keel 211 to prevent excessive local stress from causing structural damage.

[0076] In this embodiment (not shown in the figure), a connecting threaded hole is provided below the main node keel, and a corresponding connecting threaded platform is provided on the lower base. A first connecting thread is provided in the connecting threaded hole, and a second connecting thread corresponding to the first connecting thread is provided on the connecting threaded platform. By screwing the connecting threaded platform into the connecting threaded hole, the main node keel and the lower base are fixedly connected. This threaded connection method ensures the tightness and stability of the connection and facilitates installation and disassembly. During the connection process, a torque wrench needs to be used to tighten the connection according to the specified torque value to ensure a firm and reliable connection.

[0077] like Figures 7 to 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the spherical shell 1112 is a hollow structure, the connecting rod 112 is a tubular structure, and the auxiliary connection device 12 includes an auxiliary receiving component 121 and an auxiliary connecting component 122. The auxiliary receiving component 121 includes a plurality of receiving ears 1211 fixedly disposed in the positioning ball seat 111, and the auxiliary connecting component 122 includes an auxiliary connecting rod 1221 passing through the connecting rod 112. The auxiliary connecting rod 1221 includes a tension locking device 1222 for locking the receiving ears 1211.

[0078] Specifically, the support base 1111, serving as the foundation of the positioning ball seat 111, is made of high-strength alloy steel. It is cylindrical in shape, with a finely polished surface to ensure a smooth contact surface with the underlying structure. This design increases the contact area with the foundation, effectively reducing pressure and preventing the base from sinking into the foundation due to excessive localized pressure.

[0079] In this embodiment, the support base 1111 is securely connected to the main node keel 211 by welding. In other embodiments (not shown in the figure), the support base is provided with multiple bolt holes for secure connection with the main node keel. Through the tightening action of high-strength bolts, the load from above borne by the positioning ball seat is accurately transferred to the main node keel.

[0080] Specifically, the spherical shell 1112 adopts a hollow structure and is made of lightweight and high-strength aluminum alloy. Its surface is anodized to enhance corrosion resistance and create an aesthetically pleasing metallic texture. The hollow design significantly reduces the weight of the positioning ball seat 111, thereby reducing the load requirements of the entire support frame 1 on the foundation below. The position of the mating opening 1113 on the spherical shell 1112 is precisely calculated to correspond to the receiving hole 1213 of the internal auxiliary connection device 12, ensuring that the connecting rod 112 can be accurately inserted and a stable connection can be achieved.

[0081] Specifically, the connecting rod 112 adopts a tubular structure and is made of high-strength carbon steel. The tubular design ensures sufficient bending and torsional strength while reducing its weight and material costs. Both ends of the connecting rod 112 are provided with receiving grooves 1121. The size and shape of the receiving grooves 1121 match the receiving ears 1211 in the positioning ball seat 111, accommodating part of the receiving ears 1211 and providing precise positioning for the docking of the connecting rod 112 and the positioning ball seat 111. The connecting rod 112 is hollow inside, providing space for the installation and movement of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221, enabling the auxiliary connecting device 12 to operate normally.

[0082] like Figures 7 to 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the auxiliary receiving component 121 includes a receiving support column 1212 fixedly disposed in the positioning ball seat 111, a plurality of receiving ears 1211 disposed at equal angles on the receiving support column 1212, a plurality of equally distributed receiving holes 1213 formed between the receiving support column 1212 and the receiving ears 1211, and a docking opening 1113 corresponding to the position of the receiving holes 1213 is provided on the spherical shell 1112.

[0083] Specifically, the receiving support column 1212 and the support base 1111 are located on the same axis. Both ends of the receiving support column 1212 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spherical shell 1112. It is made of solid steel and has high strength and rigidity. Its function is to provide stable support for the receiving ear 1211, ensuring that the receiving ear 1211 will not deform or shift under stress. Several receiving ears 1211 are evenly spaced on the receiving support column 1212. Each receiving ear 1211 is semi-circular in shape and its surface is hardened to improve wear resistance and impact resistance. Several evenly distributed receiving holes 1213 are formed between the receiving ear 1211 and the receiving support column 1212. The dimensions of the receiving holes 1213 are precisely designed to cooperate with the locking buckle 1224 on the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 to achieve a secure locking. A mating opening 1113 is provided on the spherical shell 1112 corresponding to the receiving hole 1213. The edge of the opening is chamfered to prevent scratching when the connecting rod 112 is inserted, ensuring a smooth connection process.

[0084] like Figures 8 to 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the tension locking device 1222 includes a plurality of tension springs 1223 fixedly connected to the middle position of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221, and locking buckles 1224 fixedly disposed at both ends of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221. The locking buckles 1224 lock the receiving ear 1211 through the receiving hole 1213.

[0085] The connecting rod 112 can be inserted into the docking opening 1113. Both ends of the connecting rod 112 are provided with receiving slots 1121 that can accommodate at least part of the receiving ear 1211. When both ends of the connecting rod 112 are connected to the positioning ball seat 111 through the auxiliary connecting assembly 122, the connecting rod 112 passes through the docking opening 1113 and abuts against the receiving ear 1211.

[0086] Specifically, the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 is inserted inside the connecting rod 112 and is made of high-strength alloy steel. Several tension springs 1223 are fixedly connected to the middle of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221. These tension springs 1223 are made of high-quality spring steel and have good elasticity and fatigue life. Locking buckles 1224 are provided at both ends of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221. The locking buckles 1224 are hook-shaped and have a specially treated surface to enhance friction with the receiving ear 1211.

[0087] When the connecting rod 112 is inserted into the mating opening 1113 of the positioning ball seat 111, the tension spring 1223 is in a stretched state, and the locking buckle 1224 is aligned with the receiving hole 1213. Pushing the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 causes the locking buckle 1224 to pass through the receiving hole 1213 and tightly lock the receiving ear 1211. At this time, the elastic force of the tension spring 1223 ensures that the locking buckle 1224 maintains pressure on the receiving ear 1211, ensuring a firm and reliable connection between the connecting rod 112 and the positioning ball seat 111. Even under significant external force, it will not easily loosen or fall off, ensuring the structural integrity of the entire support frame 1.

[0088] like Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two tension springs 1223, which are fixedly connected to both ends of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 respectively, and the end of each tension spring 1223 away from the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 is fixedly connected to the locking buckle 1224 at the corresponding end.

[0089] Specifically, there are two tension springs 1223, made of 60Si2MnA spring steel. The two tension springs 1223 are fixedly connected to both ends of the auxiliary connecting rod 1221, and the end of each tension spring 1223 furthest from the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 is fixedly connected to the corresponding locking buckle 1224. This structural design allows the tension springs 1223 to act directly on the locking buckle 1224, providing a more direct and effective pulling force, resulting in a tighter lock between the locking buckle 1224 and the receiving ear 1211. The connection between the tension springs 1223 and the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 and the locking buckle 1224 can be achieved by welding or snap-fit ​​connection, ensuring a secure connection.

[0090] The shape and size of the locking buckle 1224 are designed according to the receiving hole 1213, and the connection method with the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 is welding. When the connecting rod 112 is inserted into the docking opening 1113, the auxiliary connecting rod 1221 is pulled, and the tension springs 1223 at both ends are stretched, pulling the locking buckle 1224 toward the receiving ear 1211, so that it is firmly locked in the receiving hole 1213, ensuring that the connection between the connecting rod 112 and the positioning ball seat 111 is stable.

[0091] In some embodiments (not shown in the figure), there is one tension spring, which is fixedly connected to the center of the auxiliary connecting rod.

[0092] In some embodiments (not shown in the figure), there are two tension springs, which are fixedly connected to both sides of the middle area of ​​the auxiliary connecting rod, and the two tension springs are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the auxiliary connecting rod.

[0093] like Figure 12 As shown, the present invention also provides a construction method for a lychee-shaped dome structure. Based on the aforementioned lychee-shaped dome structure, the construction method includes construction preparation, assembly of the support frame, and installation of the dome curtain wall.

[0094] Construction preparation includes:

[0095] S110. Structural Modeling: Using 3D digital software, the overall structure is designed, and the lychee-shaped dome structure is transformed into a visual model to provide precise guidance for subsequent construction.

[0096] S120. Scaffolding erection: Erect a full-span scaffolding with disc-locking mechanism to erect the dome curtain wall work scaffolding. Use a stepped erection method to gradually shrink towards the middle to meet construction needs and ensure structural stability.

[0097] Support frame assembly, including:

[0098] S210 Ground assembly: Each spherical shell is equipped with a support base on the ground. Through precise measurement and adjustment, the height of the support bases is ensured to be at the same level, providing a stable foundation for subsequent installation.

[0099] S220, Longitudinal frame unit installation: After the frame units are assembled on the ground, each longitudinal frame unit is hoisted to the designated position by a crane. Several temporary supports are set up for each longitudinal unit to ensure stability and safety during the hoisting process.

[0100] S230, Horizontal frame unit installation: After the frame units are assembled on the ground, each horizontal frame unit is hoisted to the corresponding height by a crane. After each horizontal cell is hoisted into place, the coordinate data are measured immediately. When the error is within the control range, the frame units of each horizontal cell are assembled into place with the frame units of the next layer.

[0101] Dome curtain wall installation includes:

[0102] S310, Curtain wall component installation: After the main node keel and keel connecting rods are connected by fastening bolts, they are welded together. The upper clamping plate and keel connecting rods are welded together. The upper clamping plate and lower clamping plate are connected by connecting bolts.

[0103] S320. Curtain Wall Glass Installation: Before glass fabrication, a 3D laser measuring instrument is used to create a model on-site. During installation, a handheld suction cup is used to hold the glass in place, providing support points for mounting the curtain wall glass between the upper and lower clamping plates. During installation, ensure the sealing strips are tightly fitted, and that the glass panels are clean and undamaged. After installation, a sealing treatment is performed.

[0104] In steps S220 and S230, when the frame unit is assembled on the ground, the locking buckles at both ends of the tension locking device inserted in the connecting rod are connected to the receiving ears set in the positioning ball seats at both ends, so that the connecting rod passes through the docking opening and the receiving groove abuts against the receiving ear, and then the connecting rod and the positioning ball seats at both ends are welded together.

[0105] Specifically, S110, Structural Modeling: Utilizing digital software such as 3D modeling, BIM, and PIPE-COAST, the overall structure is precisely designed, transforming the irregular dome structure into a visual model. The entire modeling process can be parametrically driven, achieving digital fitting of complex irregular curved surfaces, ensuring a high degree of consistency between the design and actual construction. Simultaneously, the model's explanation and dissemination clearly defines the overall structural form, reducing on-site operational errors and improving on-site work efficiency.

[0106] This invention has many applications, including but not limited to the following described scenarios:

[0107] In some cultural venues such as museums and exhibition halls themed around lychee culture, lychee-shaped domes can serve as iconic architectural elements. A realistic lychee-shaped dome can visually showcase the characteristics of lychee culture, attract visitors' attention, and enhance the cultural atmosphere and artistic appeal of the venue.

[0108] In theme parks themed around lychee culture, this unique dome structure can be applied to entrance buildings, central landscape structures, and other locations. It not only becomes a visual focal point but also harmonizes with other landscape elements, creating a rich thematic atmosphere and providing visitors with a unique experience.

[0109] In the indoor atrium or outdoor plaza of large shopping malls, a lychee-shaped dome structure can create a unique spatial effect. The space beneath the dome can serve as a leisure and activity area, attracting consumers to linger. At the same time, the unique design can also enhance the shopping mall's brand image, increasing its recognizability and appeal.

[0110] For hotels with a distinctive cultural theme, a lychee-shaped dome structure can be used in the hotel lobby. It can create a unique and welcoming atmosphere for guests, showcasing the hotel's cultural heritage and artistic taste, leaving a lasting impression.

[0111] A lychee-shaped dome structure placed in a city square can serve as a landmark. It not only provides citizens with a sheltered and relaxing space but also acts as a window into the city's culture, enriching its cultural content and landscape.

[0112] In landscape design, this dome structure can be applied to pavilions, trellises, and other buildings. By integrating with the surrounding natural landscape, it creates a unique artistic atmosphere and provides visitors with a distinctive viewing experience.

Claims

1. A lychee-shaped dome structure, characterized in that, include: The support frame includes several frame units assembled into the shape of lychees. Each frame unit includes a positioning ball seat and a connecting rod connecting the positioning ball seat. An auxiliary connection device is provided in the positioning ball seat and the connecting rod. The dome curtain wall includes several curtain wall components set below the frame unit. Each curtain wall component includes a main node keel fixedly set below the positioning ball seat, keel connecting rods connecting adjacent main node keels, and a clamp frame fixedly set below the keel connecting rods. Curtain wall glass is clamped in multiple clamp frames. The positioning ball seat includes a support base and a spherical shell that is fixedly connected to the support base. The main node keel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support base. The main node keel is provided with several connecting protrusions. The connecting protrusions are provided with first connecting holes. At both ends of the keel connecting rod, there are second connecting holes corresponding to the first connecting holes. The main node keel and the keel connecting rod are fixedly connected by connecting bolts passing through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole; The clamping frame includes an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate. The upper clamping plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the keel connecting rod. Fastening bolts are passed between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. The curtain wall glass is arranged between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate and is clamped and locked by the fastening bolts. Among them, a lower connecting base is provided below the main node keel, and the lower connecting base includes a lower connecting plate that at least partially abuts against the lower clamping plate below; A connecting threaded hole is provided below the main node keel, and a connecting threaded platform with a corresponding connecting threaded hole is provided on the lower assembly base. The main node keel and the lower assembly base are fixedly connected through the connecting threaded hole and the connecting threaded platform. The spherical shell is hollow, the connecting rod is tubular, and the auxiliary receiving device includes an auxiliary receiving component and an auxiliary connecting component. The auxiliary receiving component includes several receiving ears fixedly installed in the positioning ball seat, and the auxiliary connecting component includes an auxiliary connecting rod passing through the connecting rod. The auxiliary connecting rod includes a tension locking device for locking the receiving ears.

2. The lychee-shaped dome structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary receiving component includes a receiving support column fixedly installed in the positioning ball seat, several receiving ears equally arranged on the receiving support column, several equally distributed receiving holes formed between the receiving support column and the receiving ears, and a docking opening corresponding to the position of the receiving hole is opened on the spherical shell. The tension locking device includes several tension springs fixedly connected to the middle position of the auxiliary connecting rod, and locking buckles fixedly installed at both ends of the auxiliary connecting rod. The locking buckles lock the receiving ear through the receiving hole.

3. The lychee-shaped dome structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod can be inserted into the docking opening, and both ends of the connecting rod are provided with receiving slots that can accommodate at least part of the receiving ears; When both ends of the connecting rod are connected to positioning ball seats through auxiliary connecting components, the connecting rod abuts against the receiving ear through the docking opening.

4. A construction method for a lychee-shaped dome structure, as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Construction methods include assembling the support frame and installing the dome curtain wall: Support frame assembly, including: S210 Ground assembly: Each spherical shell is equipped with a support base on the ground, ensuring that the support bases are at the same horizontal level; S220, Longitudinal frame unit installation: After the frame units are assembled on the ground, each longitudinal frame unit is lifted by a crane, and each longitudinal frame unit is equipped with several temporary supports. S230, Horizontal frame unit installation: After the frame units are assembled on the ground, each horizontal frame unit is hoisted by a crane. After each layer of horizontal frame units is hoisted into place, the coordinate data are measured immediately. When the error is within the control range, the horizontal frame units of each layer are assembled with the frame units of the next layer. Dome curtain wall installation includes: S310, Curtain wall component installation: The main node keel and keel connecting rods are connected by connecting bolts and then welded together. The upper clamping plate and keel connecting rods are connected by welding. The upper clamping plate and lower clamping plate are connected by fastening bolts. S320, Curtain Wall Glass Installation: Before glass fabrication, a 3D laser instrument is used to measure and model the glass on the construction site. During installation, a handheld suction cup is used to pick up the glass, providing support points for installing the curtain wall glass between the upper and lower clamping plates.

5. The construction method of the lychee-shaped dome structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Construction methods also include construction preparation, including: S110, Structural Modeling: Using 3D digital software, the overall structure is designed, and the lychee-shaped dome structure is transformed into a visual model. S120. Scaffolding erection: The dome curtain wall work scaffolding is erected using a disc-lock type full-span scaffolding, with a stepped erection method that gradually narrows towards the center.

6. The construction method of the lychee-shaped dome structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, When assembling the frame unit on the ground, the locking buckles at both ends of the tension locking device inserted in the connecting rod are connected to the receiving ears set in the positioning ball seats at both ends, so that the connecting rod passes through the mating opening and the receiving groove abuts against the receiving ear. Then the connecting rod and the positioning ball seats at both ends are welded together.

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