Flame-retardant fireproof decorative wallboard

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, particularly relates to a flame-retardant fireproof decorative wallboard, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that an existing wallboard is easy to crack and easy to deform after being heated. The flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wallboard comprises a net-shaped steel framework, a flame-retardant and fireproof layer wrapping the surface of the net-shaped steel framework and a fireproof decorative layer bonded to the outer side of the flame-retardant and fireproof layer, and the net-shaped steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance, so that the surface roughness is increased; the flame-retardant fireproof layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of a cementing material, 30-40 parts of aggregate, 10-20 parts of a fireproof flame-retardant additive and 5-15 parts of a bonding enhancer, so that the strength of the flame-retardant fireproof decorative wallboard can be enhanced through the net-shaped steel framework, and the flame-retardant fireproof decorative wallboard is not easy to crack; and the materials of the cementing material, the aggregate, the fireproof flame-retardant additive and the bonding enhancer are not easy to expand, and the net-shaped steel framework is maintained, so that expansion deformation after heating can be avoided, and the fireproof flame-retardant capability is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a fire-retardant and fireproof decorative wallboard. BACKGROUND

[0002] A fire-retardant and fireproof decorative wallboard is disclosed in Chinese patent document No. 202410355372.X, which comprises a fireproof frame body, fireproof core boards, fire-retardant and fireproof boards and fire-retardant decorative boards. The fireproof core boards are respectively embedded in the fireproof frame body. The fire-retardant and fireproof boards are respectively arranged on the upper end wall and the lower end wall of the fireproof frame body and abut against the fireproof core boards. The fire-retardant decorative boards are respectively arranged on the outer side walls of the fire-retardant and fireproof boards away from the fireproof frame body. The fire-retardant and fireproof boards and the fire-retardant decorative boards are formed by A1-grade fireproof calcium silicate fiber boards or silicocalcium gypsum fireproof boards or magnesium oxide fireproof boards. The front surface of the fire-retardant decorative board is attached with a high-definition transparent PVC water-based fire-retardant decorative film. The back surface of the fire-retardant decorative board is attached with a white PVC water-based fire-retardant film. The technical scheme of the present application can effectively improve the fire-retardant and fireproof grade of the decorative wallboard, and can guarantee the structure and fireproof performance, effectively avoid fire safety hazards, and is convenient to install and low in maintenance cost.

[0003] However, the fire-retardant and fireproof decorative wallboard also has some problems, for example, the strength of the body is weak, the wallboard is easy to break when impacted and extruded, large-size wallboards cannot be produced, and the fire-retardant and fireproof performance of the fire-retardant and fireproof decorative wallboard is limited, which is easy to expand and deform when heated, resulting in failure of the fire-retardant and fireproof function. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems that the wallboard is easy to break and easy to deform when heated in the background art, the present application provides a fire-retardant and fireproof decorative wallboard.

[0005] The fireproof decorative wallboard comprises a reticular steel framework, a fireproof layer wrapped on the surface of the reticular steel framework and a fireproof decorative layer adhered to the outside of the fireproof layer, the reticular steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance to increase the surface roughness, the weight parts of the raw materials of the fireproof layer include 35-45 parts of cementing material, 30-40 parts of aggregate, 10-20 parts of fireproof additive and 5-15 parts of adhesion enhancer, the cementing material includes Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash and silica ash, the aggregate includes quartz sand and modified expanded perlite, the fireproof additive includes aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate and organic silicon fireproof agent, and the adhesion enhancer includes epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent and modified basalt fiber, the reticular steel framework is arranged in the fireproof layer, the strength of the fireproof decorative wallboard can be enhanced through the reticular steel framework, the wallboard is not easy to break after being impacted, the materials of the cementing material, the aggregate, the fireproof additive and the adhesion enhancer are not easy to expand, and the reticular steel framework can avoid expansion and deformation after being heated, thereby ensuring the fireproof ability.

[0006] Preferably, the weight parts of the Portland cement, the high-alumina cement, the modified fly ash and the silica ash in the cementing material are in the ratio of 10:2:3:1, the Portland cement is P.O52.5, the modified fly ash and the silica ash are both in the form of powder with a mesh size of 100, and the cementing material is beneficial to enhancing the fireproof ability.

[0007] Preferably, the modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: obtaining fly ash, pouring the fly ash into a ball mill for grinding, pouring 10 times the weight of the fly ash of deionized water, mixing uniformly, adding silane coupling agent, mixing, stirring and reacting for 6 hours at a temperature of 67℃, adding nano-silicon dioxide and triethanolamine, ultrasonic mixing, stirring, vacuum filtration, drying, and obtaining the modified fly ash, which is beneficial to the effect of the modified fly ash.

[0008] Preferably, the weight parts of the quartz sand and the modified expanded perlite in the aggregate are in the ratio of 6:1, which is beneficial to the effect of the aggregate.

[0009] Preferably, the material of the modified expanded perlite includes expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent, and the modified expanded perlite is prepared by the following method: obtaining expanded perlite, slightly grinding the expanded perlite to make the surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding to cause excessive particle breakage, washing the expanded perlite with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues and fully drying, short-time heating at a temperature of 200-400℃ to remove water and part of organic matters adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite to expose more active sites, adding the titanate coupling agent into water, mixing uniformly, and spraying on the expanded perlite to obtain the modified expanded perlite, which is beneficial to the activity of the expanded perlite and the compatibility.

[0010] Preferably, the weight ratio of aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate and organosilicon flame retardant in the fireproof flame retardant additive is 10:3:1, the aluminum hydroxide is selected as a 50-mesh powder, the fireproof ability of the plate can be increased, and the flame retardant effect can be improved.

[0011] Preferably, the weight ratio of epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent and modified basalt fiber in the adhesion enhancer is 20:2:1, the silane coupling agent is KH-550, and the length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled to be 6mm-12mm, which is beneficial to increase the connection strength between materials.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber is: obtaining basalt fiber, pouring zinc salt, sodium hydroxide and ethylenediamine into an acetone solution, then mixing and stirring under the temperature condition of 160℃-180℃, after mixing uniformly, putting the basalt fiber into the solution for 2 hours, then washing it clean with a water gun after taking it out, pouring it into a mixed solution of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution after drying, taking it out after stirring and soaking for 1 hour, and placing it in a heating box at 120℃ for 1 hour to obtain the modified basalt fiber, which can increase the compatibility of basalt fiber and concrete material and improve the adhesion strength.

[0013] Preferably, the material of the fireproof layer further comprises a water reducing agent, the reticular steel framework adopts a welded steel mesh, the longitudinal and transverse steel bars are φ6-8mm, and the fireproof decorative layer adopts one of an aluminum-plastic composite board, a glass-magnesium board with a fireproof facing, and a ceramic sheet, which can enhance the strength of the wallboard and prevent cracking.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation steps of the fireproof decorative wallboard are: S1: coating a release agent on the inner wall of a steel mold of the fireproof decorative wallboard, reserving a vibrating hole on the side, suspending and positioning a reticular steel framework in the middle of the mold at a distance of ≥15mm from the bottom surface, fixing it with a detachable support, and ensuring the uniform thickness of the concrete wrapping layer; S2: obtaining cementitious materials, aggregates, fireproof flame retardant additives and adhesion enhancers, pouring them into a mixer, adding water, stirring, and mixing uniformly to obtain fireproof flame-retardant concrete; S3: after taking down the reticular steel framework, pouring 20-30mm-thick fireproof flame-retardant concrete into the steel mold, slightly vibrating to remove air bubbles in the fireproof flame-retardant concrete, putting in the positioned reticular steel framework, lightly pressing it to immerse it into the bottom layer of fireproof flame-retardant concrete, continuing to pour fireproof flame-retardant concrete, and vibrating densely at high frequency until the total thickness is 50-80mm to obtain a semi-finished product of the plate; S4: scraping the surface, covering a plastic film to prevent water evaporation, steam curing for 24 hours, spraying water for ≥7 days after demolding, polishing the surface to be flat, removing floating dust, brushing an epoxy resin adhesive, and obtaining a plate to be bonded; S5: the inner side of the fireproof decorative layer is slightly corroded by using a special pickling solution to form a micro-rough structure, neutralized, cleaned and dried, and the fireproof decorative layer and the to-be-stuck plate are bonded by using a hot-pressing composite process, the plate side is brushed with fireproof sealant, and the U-shaped metal edging strip is embedded to obtain the fire-retardant fireproof decorative wallboard.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The internal of the fire-retardant fireproof layer is provided with a mesh steel framework, which can enhance the strength of the fire-retardant fireproof decorative wallboard, and the wallboard is not easy to break after being impacted. In addition, the materials of the cementitious material, aggregate, fireproof and flame-retardant additive and bonding enhancer are not easy to expand, and the mesh steel framework can avoid expansion and deformation after being heated, thereby ensuring the fireproof and flame-retardant capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The workflow diagram of the present application is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 Example One The embodiment proposes a fire-retardant decorative wallboard, which comprises a reticular steel framework, a fire-retardant layer wrapped on the surface of the reticular steel framework, and a fireproof decorative layer adhered to the outside of the fire-retardant layer. The reticular steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance to increase the surface roughness. The fire-retardant layer is made of 35 parts of cementing material, 35 parts of aggregate, 17 parts of fire-retardant additive, and 13 parts of adhesion enhancer. The cementing material comprises Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash. The aggregate comprises quartz sand and modified expanded perlite. The fire-retardant additive comprises aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant. The adhesion enhancer comprises epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber. The weight ratio of the Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash in the cementing material is 10:2:3:1. The Portland cement is P.O52.5. The modified fly ash and silica ash are both powders with a mesh size of 100. The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: obtaining fly ash, pouring it into a ball mill for grinding, pouring 10 times the weight of the fly ash into deionized water, mixing uniformly, adding silane coupling agent, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 67°C for 6 hours, adding nano-silicon dioxide and triethanolamine, ultrasonic mixing, stirring, vacuum filtration, drying, and obtaining the modified fly ash. The weight ratio of the quartz sand and modified expanded perlite in the aggregate is 6:1. The modified expanded perlite is made of expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent. The modified expanded perlite is prepared by the following method: obtaining expanded perlite, slightly grinding the expanded perlite to make its surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding to prevent excessive particle breakage, washing the expanded perlite with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues, and fully drying, heating at a temperature of 300°C for a short time to remove water and part of the organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite, exposing more active sites, adding the titanate coupling agent to water, mixing uniformly, and spraying on the expanded perlite to obtain the modified expanded perlite. The weight ratio of the aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant in the fire-retardant additive is 10:3:1. The aluminum hydroxide is a 50-mesh powder. The weight ratio of the epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber in the adhesion enhancer is 20:2:1. The silane coupling agent is KH-550. The length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled to be 8 mm. The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: obtaining basalt fiber, pouring zinc salt, sodium hydroxide, and ethylenediamine into an acetone solution, then mixing and stirring at a temperature of 170°C, placing the basalt fiber in the solution for 2 hours after mixing uniformly, washing it clean with a water gun, drying, and then pouring it into a mixture of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution, taking it out after stirring and soaking for 1 hour, placing it in a heating box at 120°C for 1 hour, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber. The fire-retardant layer also includes water reducing agent. The reticular steel framework is a welded steel mesh with a φ7 mm longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The fireproof decorative layer is a ceramic sheet. The preparation steps of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard are as follows: S1: Apply release agent to the inner wall of the steel mold of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard, reserve vibration holes on the side edges, suspend the mesh steel framework in the middle of the mold at a distance of 22mm from the bottom surface, and fix it with detachable supports to ensure uniform thickness of the concrete wrapping layer; S2: Obtain the cementitious material, aggregate, fire-retardant additive, and adhesion enhancer, pour them into a mixer, add water, and stir to mix evenly to obtain the fire-retardant concrete; S3: After removing the mesh steel framework, pour 25mm-thick fire-retardant concrete into the steel mold, slightly vibrate to remove air bubbles in the fire-retardant concrete, place the positioned mesh steel framework, press it slightly to immerse it in the bottom layer of fire-retardant concrete, continue pouring fire-retardant concrete until the total thickness is 50mm, and high-frequency vibration compaction to obtain a semi-finished product; S4: Scrape the surface, cover it with plastic film to prevent moisture evaporation, steam curing for 24 hours, spray water curing for 9 days after demolding, polish the surface to be smooth, remove floating dust, apply epoxy resin adhesive, and obtain the board to be bonded; S5: Use special pickling solution to slightly corrode the surface of the fire-retardant decorative layer on the inside to form a micro-rough structure, neutralize and clean, and dry, use hot-pressing composite process to bond the fire-retardant decorative layer and the board to be bonded, brush fireproof sealant on the side edges of the board, and embed U-shaped metal edging strips to obtain the fire-retardant decorative wallboard.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 Example Two The embodiment proposes a fire-retardant decorative wallboard, which comprises a reticular steel framework, a fire-retardant layer wrapped on the surface of the reticular steel framework, and a fireproof decorative layer adhered to the outside of the fire-retardant layer. The reticular steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance to increase the surface roughness. The fire-retardant layer is made of 39 parts of cementing material, 33 parts of aggregate, 16 parts of fire-retardant additive, and 12 parts of adhesion enhancer. The cementing material comprises Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash. The aggregate comprises quartz sand and modified expanded perlite. The fire-retardant additive comprises aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant. The adhesion enhancer comprises epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber. The weight ratio of the Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash in the cementing material is 10:2:3:1. The Portland cement is P.O52.5. The modified fly ash and silica ash are both powders with a mesh size of 100. The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: obtaining fly ash, pouring it into a ball mill for grinding, pouring 10 times the weight of the fly ash into deionized water, mixing uniformly, adding silane coupling agent, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 67°C for 6 hours, adding nano-silicon dioxide and triethanolamine, ultrasonic mixing, stirring, vacuum filtration, drying, and obtaining the modified fly ash. The weight ratio of the quartz sand and modified expanded perlite in the aggregate is 6:1. The modified expanded perlite is made of expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent. The modified expanded perlite is prepared by the following method: obtaining expanded perlite, slightly grinding the expanded perlite to make its surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding to prevent excessive particle breakage, washing the expanded perlite with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues, and fully drying, heating at a temperature of 300°C for a short time to remove water and part of the organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite, exposing more active sites, adding the titanate coupling agent to water, mixing uniformly, and spraying on the expanded perlite to obtain the modified expanded perlite. The weight ratio of the aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant in the fire-retardant additive is 10:3:1. The aluminum hydroxide is a 50-mesh powder. The weight ratio of the epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber in the adhesion enhancer is 20:2:1. The silane coupling agent is KH-550. The length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled to be 8 mm. The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: obtaining basalt fiber, pouring zinc salt, sodium hydroxide, and ethylenediamine into an acetone solution, then mixing and stirring at a temperature of 170°C, placing the basalt fiber in the solution for 2 hours after mixing uniformly, washing it clean with a water gun, drying, and then pouring it into a mixture of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution, taking it out after stirring and soaking for 1 hour, placing it in a heating box at 120°C for 1 hour, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber. The fire-retardant layer also includes water reducing agent. The reticular steel framework is a welded steel mesh with a φ7 mm longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The fireproof decorative layer is a ceramic sheet. The preparation steps of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard are as follows: S1: Apply release agent to the inner wall of the steel mold of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard, reserve vibration holes on the side edges, suspend the mesh steel framework in the middle of the mold at a distance of 22 mm from the bottom surface, and fix it with detachable supports to ensure uniform thickness of the concrete wrapping layer; S2: Obtain the cementitious material, aggregate, fire-retardant additive, and adhesion enhancer, pour them into a mixer, add water, and stir to mix evenly to obtain the fire-retardant concrete; S3: After removing the mesh steel framework, pour 25 mm thick fire-retardant concrete into the steel mold, slightly vibrate to remove air bubbles in the fire-retardant concrete, place the positioned mesh steel framework, press it slightly to immerse it in the bottom layer of fire-retardant concrete, continue to pour fire-retardant concrete until the total thickness is 50 mm, and high-frequency vibration is used to compact it to obtain a semi-finished product; S4: Scrape the surface to cover it with plastic film to prevent moisture evaporation, steam curing for 24 hours, spray water curing for 9 days after demolding, polish the surface to remove floating dust, apply epoxy resin adhesive, and obtain the board to be bonded; S5: Use special pickling solution to slightly etch the surface of the fire-retardant decorative layer to form a micro-rough structure, neutralize and clean, and dry, use hot-pressing composite process to bond the fire-retardant decorative layer and the board to be bonded, brush fireproof sealant on the side edges of the board, and embed U-shaped metal edging strips to obtain the fire-retardant decorative wallboard.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 Example Three The embodiment proposes a fire-retardant decorative wallboard, which comprises a reticular steel framework, a fire-retardant layer wrapped on the surface of the reticular steel framework, and a fireproof decorative layer adhered to the outside of the fire-retardant layer. The reticular steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance to increase the surface roughness. The fire-retardant layer is made of 40 parts of cementing material, 35 parts of aggregate, 15 parts of fire-retardant additive, and 10 parts of adhesion enhancer. The cementing material comprises Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash. The aggregate comprises quartz sand and modified expanded perlite. The fire-retardant additive comprises aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant. The adhesion enhancer comprises epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber. The weight ratio of the Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash in the cementing material is 10:2:3:1. The Portland cement is P.O52.5. The modified fly ash and silica ash are both powders with a mesh size of 100. The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: obtaining fly ash, pouring it into a ball mill for grinding, pouring 10 times the weight of the fly ash into deionized water, mixing uniformly, adding silane coupling agent, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 67°C for 6 hours, adding nano-silicon dioxide and triethanolamine, ultrasonic mixing, stirring, vacuum filtration, drying, and obtaining the modified fly ash. The weight ratio of the quartz sand and modified expanded perlite in the aggregate is 6:1. The modified expanded perlite is made of expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent. The modified expanded perlite is prepared by the following method: obtaining expanded perlite, slightly grinding the expanded perlite to make its surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding to prevent excessive particle breakage, washing the expanded perlite with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues, and fully drying, heating at a temperature of 300°C for a short time to remove water and part of the organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite, exposing more active sites, adding the titanate coupling agent to water, mixing uniformly, and spraying on the expanded perlite to obtain the modified expanded perlite. The weight ratio of the aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant in the fire-retardant additive is 10:3:1. The aluminum hydroxide is a 50-mesh powder. The weight ratio of the epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber in the adhesion enhancer is 20:2:1. The silane coupling agent is KH-550. The length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled to be 8 mm. The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: obtaining basalt fiber, pouring zinc salt, sodium hydroxide, and ethylenediamine into an acetone solution, then mixing and stirring at a temperature of 170°C, placing the basalt fiber in the solution for 2 hours after mixing uniformly, washing it clean with a water gun, drying, and then pouring it into a mixture of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution, taking it out after stirring and soaking for 1 hour, placing it in a heating box at 120°C for 1 hour, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber. The fire-retardant layer also includes water reducing agent. The reticular steel framework is a welded steel mesh with a φ7 mm longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The fireproof decorative layer is a ceramic sheet. The preparation steps of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard are as follows: S1: Apply release agent to the inner wall of the steel mold of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard, reserve vibration holes on the side edges, suspend the mesh steel framework in the middle of the mold at a distance of 22 mm from the bottom surface, and fix it with detachable supports to ensure uniform thickness of the concrete wrapping layer; S2: Obtain the cementitious material, aggregate, fire-retardant additive, and adhesion enhancer, pour them into a mixer, add water, and stir to mix evenly to obtain the fire-retardant concrete; S3: After removing the mesh steel framework, pour 25 mm thick fire-retardant concrete into the steel mold, slightly vibrate to remove air bubbles in the fire-retardant concrete, place the positioned mesh steel framework, press it slightly to immerse it in the bottom layer of fire-retardant concrete, continue to pour fire-retardant concrete until the total thickness is 50 mm, and high-frequency vibration is used to compact it to obtain a semi-finished product; S4: Scrape the surface, cover it with plastic film to prevent moisture evaporation, steam cure for 24 hours, spray water for 9 days after demolding, polish the surface to be smooth, remove floating dust, apply epoxy resin adhesive, and obtain the board to be bonded; S5: Use special pickling solution to slightly etch the surface of the fire-retardant decorative layer on the inside to form a micro-rough structure, neutralize and clean, and dry, use hot-pressing composite process to bond the fire-retardant decorative layer and the board to be bonded, brush fireproof sealant on the side edges of the board, and embed U-shaped metal edging strips to obtain the fire-retardant decorative wallboard.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 Example Four The embodiment proposes a fire-retardant decorative wallboard, which comprises a reticular steel framework, a fire-retardant layer wrapped on the surface of the reticular steel framework, and a fireproof decorative layer adhered to the outside of the fire-retardant layer. The reticular steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance to increase the surface roughness. The fire-retardant layer is made of 40 parts of cementing material, 38 parts of aggregate, 13 parts of fireproof and fire-retardant additive, and 9 parts of adhesion enhancer. The cementing material comprises Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash. The aggregate comprises quartz sand and modified expanded perlite. The fireproof and fire-retardant additive comprises aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and organic silicon fire retardant. The adhesion enhancer comprises epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber. The weight ratio of the Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash in the cementing material is 10:2:3:1. The Portland cement is P.O52.5. The modified fly ash and silica ash are both powders with a mesh size of 100. The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: obtaining fly ash, pouring it into a ball mill for grinding, pouring 10 times the weight of the fly ash into deionized water, mixing uniformly, adding silane coupling agent, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 67°C for 6 hours, adding nano silicon dioxide and triethanolamine, ultrasonic mixing, stirring, vacuum filtration, drying, and obtaining the modified fly ash. The weight ratio of the quartz sand and modified expanded perlite in the aggregate is 6:1. The modified expanded perlite is made of expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent. The modified expanded perlite is prepared by the following method: obtaining expanded perlite, slightly grinding the expanded perlite to make its surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding to prevent excessive particle breakage, washing the expanded perlite with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues, and fully drying, heating at a temperature of 300°C for a short time to remove water and part of the organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite, exposing more active sites, adding the titanate coupling agent into water, mixing uniformly, and spraying on the expanded perlite to obtain the modified expanded perlite. The weight ratio of the aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and organic silicon fire retardant in the fireproof and fire-retardant additive is 10:3:1. The aluminum hydroxide is a 50-mesh powder. The weight ratio of the epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber in the adhesion enhancer is 20:2:1. The silane coupling agent is KH-550. The length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled to be 8 mm. The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: obtaining basalt fiber, pouring zinc salt, sodium hydroxide, and ethylenediamine into an acetone solution, then mixing and stirring at a temperature of 170°C, placing the basalt fiber into the solution for 2 hours after uniform mixing, washing it clean with a water gun, drying, and then pouring it into a mixture of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution, taking it out after 1 hour of stirring and soaking, placing it in a heating box at 120°C for 1 hour, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber. The fire-retardant decorative wallboard further comprises a water reducing agent. The reticular steel framework is a welded steel mesh with a φ7 mm longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The fireproof decorative layer is a ceramic sheet. The preparation steps of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard are as follows: S1: Apply release agent to the inner wall of the steel mold of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard, reserve vibration holes on the side edges, suspend the mesh steel framework in the middle of the mold at a distance of 22mm from the bottom surface, and fix it with detachable supports to ensure uniform thickness of the concrete wrapping layer; S2: Obtain the cementitious material, aggregate, fire-retardant additive, and adhesion enhancer, pour them into a mixer, add water, and stir to mix evenly to obtain the fire-retardant concrete; S3: After removing the mesh steel framework, pour 25mm-thick fire-retardant concrete into the steel mold, slightly vibrate to remove air bubbles in the fire-retardant concrete, place the positioned mesh steel framework, press it slightly to immerse it in the bottom layer of fire-retardant concrete, continue pouring fire-retardant concrete until the total thickness is 50mm, and high-frequency vibration compaction to obtain a semi-finished product; S4: Scrape the surface, cover it with plastic film to prevent moisture evaporation, steam curing for 24 hours, spray water curing for 9 days after demolding, polish the surface to be smooth, remove floating dust, apply epoxy resin adhesive, and obtain the board to be bonded; S5: Use special pickling solution to slightly corrode the surface of the fire-retardant decorative layer on the inside to form a micro-rough structure, neutralize and clean, and dry, use hot-pressing composite process to bond the fire-retardant decorative layer and the board to be bonded, brush fireproof sealant on the side edges of the board, and embed U-shaped metal edging strips to obtain the fire-retardant decorative wallboard.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 Example Five The embodiment proposes a fire-retardant decorative wallboard, which comprises a reticular steel framework, a fire-retardant layer wrapped on the surface of the reticular steel framework, and a fireproof decorative layer adhered to the outside of the fire-retardant layer. The reticular steel framework is subjected to sand blasting treatment in advance to increase the surface roughness. The fire-retardant layer is made of 42 parts of cementitious material, 38 parts of aggregate, 12 parts of fire-retardant additive, and 8 parts of adhesion enhancer. The cementitious material comprises Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash. The aggregate comprises quartz sand and modified expanded perlite. The fire-retardant additive comprises aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant. The adhesion enhancer comprises epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber. The weight ratio of the Portland cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica ash in the cementitious material is 10:2:3:1. The Portland cement is P.O52.5. The modified fly ash and silica ash are both powders with a mesh size of 100. The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: obtaining fly ash, pouring it into a ball mill for grinding, pouring 10 times the weight of the fly ash into deionized water, mixing uniformly, adding silane coupling agent, stirring and reacting at a temperature of 67°C for 6 hours, adding nano-silicon dioxide and triethanolamine, ultrasonic mixing, stirring, vacuum filtration, drying, and obtaining the modified fly ash. The weight ratio of the quartz sand and modified expanded perlite in the aggregate is 6:1. The modified expanded perlite is made of expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent. The modified expanded perlite is prepared by the following method: obtaining expanded perlite, slightly grinding the expanded perlite to make its surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding to prevent excessive particle breakage, washing the expanded perlite with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues, and fully drying, heating at a temperature of 300°C for a short time to remove water and part of the organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite, exposing more active sites, adding the titanate coupling agent to water, mixing uniformly, and spraying on the expanded perlite to obtain the modified expanded perlite. The weight ratio of the aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and silicone flame retardant in the fire-retardant additive is 10:3:1. The aluminum hydroxide is a 50-mesh powder. The weight ratio of the epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber in the adhesion enhancer is 20:2:1. The silane coupling agent is KH-550. The length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled to be 8 mm. The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following method: obtaining basalt fiber, pouring zinc salt, sodium hydroxide, and ethylenediamine into an acetone solution, then mixing and stirring at a temperature of 170°C, placing the basalt fiber in the solution for 2 hours after mixing uniformly, washing it clean with a water gun, drying, and then pouring it into a mixture of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution, taking it out after stirring and soaking for 1 hour, placing it in a heating box at 120°C for 1 hour, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber. The fire-retardant layer also includes water reducing agent. The reticular steel framework is a welded steel mesh with a φ7 mm longitudinal and transverse reinforcement. The fireproof decorative layer is a ceramic sheet. The preparation steps of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard are as follows: S1: Apply release agent to the inner wall of the steel mold of the fire-retardant decorative wallboard, reserve vibration holes on the side edges, suspend the mesh steel framework in the middle of the mold at a distance of 22mm from the bottom surface, and fix it with detachable supports to ensure uniform thickness of the concrete wrapping layer; S2: Obtain the cementitious material, aggregate, fire-retardant additive, and adhesion enhancer, pour them into a mixer, add water, and stir to mix uniformly to obtain the fire-retardant concrete; S3: After removing the mesh steel framework, pour 25mm-thick fire-retardant concrete into the steel mold, slightly vibrate to remove air bubbles in the fire-retardant concrete, place the positioned mesh steel framework, press it slightly to immerse it in the bottom layer of fire-retardant concrete, continue pouring fire-retardant concrete to a total thickness of 50mm, and high-frequency vibration compaction to obtain a semi-finished product of the board; S4: Scrape the surface to a flat state, cover it with plastic film to prevent moisture evaporation, steam curing for 24 hours, spray water curing for 9 days after demolding, polish the surface to a flat state, remove floating dust, apply epoxy resin adhesive, and obtain the board to be bonded; S5: Use a special pickling solution to slightly corrode the surface of the fire-retardant decorative layer on the inner side to form a micro-rough structure, neutralize and clean, and dry, and use hot-pressing composite process to bond the fire-retardant decorative layer and the board to be bonded, brush fireproof sealant on the side edges of the board, and embed U-shaped metal edging strips to obtain the fire-retardant decorative wallboard.

[0023] Compared with conventional wallboards and wallboards prepared in Examples 1-5, the wallboards prepared in Examples 1-5 have the following table:

[0024] Bending resistance: test standard GB / T30100-201, test condition span 1.2m, uniform load; Impact resistance test standard: GB / T3810-2016; Combustion performance grade: GB8624-2012; Fire resistance limit test: GB / T9978-2008.

[0025] As shown in the above table, the strength and fire resistance of the wallboard prepared by the present application are significantly improved.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present application according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel, characterized in that, The flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel comprises a mesh steel frame, a flame-retardant and fireproof layer wrapped around the surface of the mesh steel frame, and a fireproof decorative layer bonded to the outside of the flame-retardant and fireproof layer. The mesh steel frame is pre-treated by sandblasting to increase surface roughness. The flame-retardant and fireproof layer raw materials include 35 to 45 parts by weight of cementitious materials, 30 to 40 parts by weight of aggregates, 10 to 20 parts by weight of fire-retardant additives, and 5 to 15 parts by weight of adhesive reinforcing agents. The cementitious materials include silicate cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica fume. The aggregates include quartz sand and modified expanded perlite. The fire-retardant additives include aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and organosilicon flame retardants. The adhesive reinforcing agents include epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent, and modified basalt fiber.

2. The flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of silicate cement, high-alumina cement, modified fly ash, and silica fume in the cementitious material is 10:2:3:

1. The silicate cement is P.O52.5, and both the modified fly ash and silica fume are 100-mesh powder.

3. The flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified fly ash is prepared as follows: fly ash is obtained, poured into a ball mill for grinding, and then poured into deionized water at 10 times the weight of the fly ash. After mixing evenly, a silane coupling agent is added and mixed. The mixture is stirred and reacted at 67°C for 6 hours. Nano-silica and triethanolamine are added, and the mixture is ultrasonically mixed, stirred, vacuum filtered, and dried to obtain modified fly ash.

4. The flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of quartz sand and modified expanded perlite in the aggregate is 6:

1.

5. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified expanded perlite comprises expanded perlite and titanate coupling agent. The preparation method of modified expanded perlite is as follows: expandable perlite is obtained, and it is lightly ground to make its surface rougher, avoiding excessive grinding that would cause too much particle breakage. The expanded perlite is rinsed with clean water to remove surface dust and production residues, and then thoroughly dried. It is then heated briefly at a temperature of 200℃~400℃ to remove the water and some organic matter adsorbed on the surface of the expanded perlite, exposing more active sites. The titanate coupling agent is added to water, mixed evenly, and then sprayed onto the expanded perlite to obtain modified expanded perlite.

6. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, and organosilicon flame retardant in the fire-retardant additive is 10:3:1, and the aluminum hydroxide is selected as 50 mesh powder.

7. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of epoxy emulsion, silane coupling agent and modified basalt fiber in the adhesive reinforcing agent is 20:2:

1. KH-550 is used as the silane coupling agent, and the length of the modified basalt fiber is controlled between 6 mm and 12 mm.

8. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the modified basalt fiber is as follows: basalt fiber is obtained, zinc salt, sodium hydroxide and ethylenediamine are poured into acetone solution, and then mixed and stirred at a temperature of 160℃~180℃. After mixing evenly, the basalt fiber is soaked for 2 hours, taken out and rinsed with a water gun, dried and then poured into a mixture of silane coupling agent and anhydrous ethanol solution. After stirring and soaking for 1 hour, it is taken out and heated in a heating box at 120℃ for 1 hour to obtain the modified basalt fiber.

9. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flame-retardant and fireproof layer also includes a water-reducing agent. The mesh steel frame is made of welded steel mesh with longitudinal and transverse ribs of φ6-8mm. The fireproof decorative layer is made of one of the following: aluminum-plastic composite board, glass magnesium board with fireproof finish, or ceramic thin plate.

10. A flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel according to claim 8, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel are as follows: S1: Apply release agent to the inner wall of the steel mold for the flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel, leave vibration holes on the side, suspend and position the mesh steel frame in the middle of the mold, ≥15mm from the bottom surface, and fix it with a detachable bracket to ensure that the thickness of the concrete wrapping layer is uniform. S2: Obtain cementitious materials, aggregates, fire-retardant additives and binders, pour them into a mixer, add water, stir and mix evenly to obtain fire-retardant concrete. S3: After removing the mesh steel frame, pour 20-30mm thick fire-retardant concrete into the inside of the steel mold, gently vibrate to remove air bubbles in the fire-retardant concrete, place the positioned mesh steel frame in, and gently press it to immerse it in the bottom layer of fire-retardant concrete. Continue to pour fire-retardant concrete until the total thickness is 50-80mm, and then vibrate it at high frequency to make it dense, thus obtaining the semi-finished board. S4: Smooth the surface, cover with plastic film to prevent moisture evaporation, steam curing for 24 hours, spray water curing for ≥7 days after demolding, sand the surface smooth, remove floating dust, and apply epoxy resin adhesive to obtain the board to be bonded. S5: The inner side of the fireproof decorative layer is lightly corroded with a special pickling solution to form a micro-rough structure. After neutralization, cleaning and drying, the fireproof decorative layer and the board to be bonded are bonded using a hot-pressing composite process. Fireproof sealant is applied to the sides of the board, and a U-shaped metal edging strip is embedded to obtain a flame-retardant and fireproof decorative wall panel.

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