Functionalized surface modifier as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional surface modifier as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of surface treatment, the functional surface modifier comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-50 parts of dithiol, 20-40 parts of tetramethyl divinyl disilazane, 0.2-1 part of a photoinitiator, 25-50 parts of a functional reagent and 100 parts of an organic solvent. The functionalized surface modifier prepared by the invention is suitable for modifying the surfaces of materials with different requirements, and has wide application range and prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of surface treatment, and particularly relates to a functionalized surface modifier and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The contact angle of a liquid on the surface of an object is regarded as an index for measuring the wetting performance, and the wetting performance of a material surface is closely related to many physical and chemical processes, and thus has attracted extensive attention. When the contact angle of a liquid on the surface of a material is greater than 90°, the material can be referred to as a hydrophobic or oleophobic material, and a material with both hydrophobic and oleophobic properties is referred to as a dual-repellent material. The special wetting properties of a material surface, such as hydrophobicity, even superhydrophobicity, etc., have attracted extensive attention and application in many fields, such as building, clothing, electronic equipment, photovoltaic power generation, household, etc.

[0003] In nature, many animals or plants have hydrophobic or oleophobic surfaces, such as fish scales, water striders, lotus leaves, etc. In 1997, Barthlott et al. found that the lotus leaf surface with superhydrophobic effect exists microscale papillary structure and biological wax, and considered that the superhydrophobicity of lotus leaf surface is derived from the micro-nano rough structure of the surface and the low surface energy of biological wax. After that, researchers used different surface chemical modification methods to prepare materials with different surface wetting properties. Currently, the preparation of hydrophobic, oleophobic and other different wetting materials can be mainly divided into physical and chemical methods. Physical method is to bond the hydrophobic and oleophobic coating or material with the substrate by physical means to prepare hydrophobic and oleophobic materials. For example, Wang et al. used magnetron sputtering combined with wet oxidation and fluorination treatment technology to construct a transparent double-soluble hair-like coating on the glass substrate, which is similar to the structure of water strider legs. The prepared coating has excellent hydrophobic and oleophobic properties (Surfaces and Interfaces, 2025, 62, 106275.). Zhang et al. prepared a protective coating with fluorine-containing side chains, rough structure and high crosslinking density by reacting fluorosilicone epoxy acrylate copolymer with a composite curing agent (European Polymer Journal, 2025, 228, 113793.). Yu et al. used trifluorotrichloroethane as solvent and N, N-dimethyl acrylamide as hydrophilic monomer to successfully prepare spherical stable fluorinated reverse micelles with main chain type semi-fluorinated alternating copolymer as shell layer, and prepared a thin film with double-soluble properties on a silicon substrate by spin coating process (Applied Surface Science, 2023, 614, 156199.). These methods can make the substrate have excellent hydrophobic and oleophobic ability, but most of them have poor physical durability due to insufficient adhesion to the substrate.Chemical method, i.e. preparing hydrophobic and oleophobic materials by grafting modified groups onto the substrate through chemical reaction. For example, Gou et al. successfully constructed low surface energy hydrophobic and oleophobic fibers by thiol-ene click chemistry reaction between mercaptosilane and the vinyl group of styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer, combined with the modification of terminal hydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane (Environ Sci Technol, 2024, 58(39): 17376-17385.); Liu et al. prepared a hydrophobic coating on the surface of polyurethane by dopamine self-polymerization and reaction with hexamethyldisilazane (Separation and Purification Technology, 2019, 229, 115801.); Zhou et al. prepared hydrophobic materials by the reaction of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, isocyanatoethyl methacrylate and the hydroxyl group on the surface of the substrate (Polymers, 2023, 15(11), 2505); The hydrophobic and oleophobic materials prepared by chemical method have excellent hydrophobic or oleophobic ability, and due to the chemical bond between the modified group and the substrate, the physical durability and chemical stability of the hydrophobic and oleophobic materials are greatly improved. However, these methods generally have long reaction time, complex process and mostly single function, which greatly limits their application in various fields.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a simple and stable hydrophobic and oleophobic surface modifier is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a functional surface modifier with simple operation and fast preparation method and application, and in view of the problem of single function of materials in the prior art and insufficient application range, different functional reagents are used to prepare functional surface modifier, which can give the substrate different surface wetting properties.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A functional surface modifier comprises the following raw materials by weight:

[0008] Dithiol 25-50 parts, tetramethyldivinyl disilazane 20-40 parts, photoinitiator 0.2-1 part, functional reagent 25-50 parts and organic solvent 100 parts.

[0009] Beneficial effects: in the preparation process of the functional surface modifier of the application, the thiol-ene click reaction occurs between the functional reagent and the dithiol under ultraviolet light to graft the functional group on the dithiol, the thiol-ene click reaction is ended by adjusting the ratio of the two to make the dithiol molar number excessive, and the remaining thiol groups are finally subjected to the thiol-ene click reaction with tetramethyldivinyl disilazane under ultraviolet light, so that the functional reagent, dithiol and tetramethyldivinyl disilazane are perfectly prepared by simple photo-click reaction to obtain the functional surface modifier. When applied, the silicon-nitrogen bond in the functional surface modifier is relied on to perform nucleophilic substitution reaction with the hydroxyl group on the surface of the substrate, so that the surface modification of the substrate can be realized through the formation of the covalent bond between the modifier and the substrate surface. In order to successfully prepare the functional surface modifier and apply it, the ratio of each substance in the preparation process needs to be carefully adjusted, and the obtained modifier can achieve the best modification effect.

[0010] Preferably, the dithiol includes aliphatic dithiol with mercapto group at the end, including one or more of ethanedithiol, propanedithiol, butanedithiol, pentanedithiol, hexanedithiol, octanedithiol, nonanedithiol and decanedithiol.

[0011] Beneficial effects: dithiol is the key to connect tetramethyldivinyl disilazane and functional groups, through photo-clicking of one of the mercapto groups with the vinyl group of tetramethyldivinyl disilazane, and the remaining mercapto group with the carbon-carbon double bond in the functional reagent, the functional reagent can be covalently grafted with tetramethyldivinyl disilazane molecules through covalent grafting under the mild reaction conditions of photo-clicking, so as to realize simple and efficient preparation of the functional surface modifier.

[0012] Preferably, the photoinitiator includes one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone and diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide.

[0013] Beneficial effects: the initiator is used to initiate the photo-clicking reaction, which is the key to the thiol-ene click reaction. The initiator molecules form free radicals under ultraviolet light and abstract hydrogen atoms from the mercapto group to form alkylthio free radicals to initiate the reaction, so that the reaction can be carried out quickly under mild conditions.

[0014] Preferably, the functional reagent includes one or more of polyfluoro ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid, long-chain aliphatic unsaturated amine and unsaturated long-chain aliphatic olefin;

[0015] Preferably, the polyfluoro ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid includes one or more of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, dodecafluoroheptyl acrylate, perfluorooctyl methacrylate and 3-perfluorohexyl-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate;

[0016] The long-chain aliphatic unsaturated amine is oleylamine;

[0017] The unsaturated long-chain aliphatic olefin includes one or more of octadecene, heptadecene, hexadecene, pentadecene, tetradecene, tridecene, dodecene, undecene, decene, nonene, octene, heptene, hexene.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The functional reagent of the present application can select a variety of substances, in which the polyfluorocarbon chain of the polyfluorinated ester of the unsaturated carboxylic acid is a functional group, which has hydrophobic and oleophobic properties, and can impart excellent hydrophobic and oleophobic properties to the substrate; the long carbon chain of the long-chain aliphatic unsaturated amine is a functional group, which has hydrophobic properties, and after acid treatment, the amino group is converted to an ammonium ion with positive charge, at which time the polarity of the group is enhanced to convert to hydrophilic properties, thus enabling the conversion of hydrophobic to hydrophilic, and thus enabling the adjustment of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of the substrate surface; the long carbon chain of the unsaturated aliphatic long-chain olefin is a functional group, which has hydrophobic properties, and can impart excellent hydrophobic properties to the substrate; the use of these different functional reagents enables the substrate surface to achieve hydrophobicity, hydrophobic-hydrophilic conversion, hydrophobic-oleophobic, and other effects after the use of the modifier.

[0019] Preferably, the organic solvent includes one or more of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, hexane.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The above solvents can fully mix the raw material components, enabling the reaction to be more complete.

[0021] A preparation method of a functional surface modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0022] After mixing the dithiol, functional reagent, photoinitiator, and organic solvent, placing them under ultraviolet light for 0.5-1.5h of click reaction, adding tetramethyldivinyl disilazane, and continuing to place them under ultraviolet light for 0.5-1.5h of click reaction, the functional surface modifier is obtained.

[0023] Beneficial effects: the surface modifier prepared by the application is mainly prepared by thiol-ene photo click reaction of functional reagent and dithiol under the action of organic solvent, photoinitiator and ultraviolet light, and then adding tetramethyldivinyl disilazane for click reaction again. The functional reagent in the application contains an unsaturated alkene bond, the functional group is grafted on the dithiol by thiol-ene click reaction of dithiol and alkene, and then the grafted product is subjected to thiol-ene click reaction with tetramethyldivinyl disilazane, so that the functional reagent, dithiol and tetramethyldivinyl disilazane are successfully prepared into a functional surface modifier by simple photo click reaction. When the surface modifier is applied to the surface of a substrate rich in hydroxyl groups, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the substrate attack the silicon of tetramethyldivinyl disilazane to cause nucleophilic substitution reaction, and finally the functional group is covalently grafted on the surface of the substrate, so as to give the substrate surface a lasting and stable modification effect.

[0024] Preferably, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 365 nm.

[0025] Preferably, the photo click reaction is carried out under stirring, and the temperature is 10-60℃.

[0026] Beneficial effects: 365 nm ultraviolet light is used in combination with initiator to initiate reaction, and the temperature is 10-60℃. The reaction condition is mild, and the reaction can be carried out without heating.

[0027] Application of a functional surface modifier in regulating the wettability of material surface.

[0028] Beneficial effects: the wettability of material surface can be measured by the contact angle of water on the material surface. When the water contact angle is less than 90°, the material is hydrophilic; when the water contact angle is greater than or equal to 90°, the material is hydrophobic. Some materials such as cotton fabric, sponge, wood and paper are originally hydrophilic, and after covalent modification by the functional surface modifier, the material surface can obtain hydrophobic ability, so as to realize the regulation of the wettability of material surface.

[0029] Preferably, the material is a material rich in hydroxyl groups on the surface, including one or more of fabric, sponge, wood, paper, metal and plastic.

[0030] More preferably, if the substrate surface is not rich in hydroxyl groups, the substrate can be treated in saturated sodium hydroxide solution for 0.5-1h before use.

[0031] Beneficial effects: the functionalized surface modifier obtained by the present application can be used for modification of the surface of different substrates by simple immersion, spraying and other methods, and excellent modification effect is obtained. When the polyfluoro ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid is used as a functional reagent to synthesize the surface modifier and is used, the material surface has hydrophobic, oleophobic properties, the water contact angle can reach 130-155°, and the oil contact angle reaches 90-110°; when the long-chain aliphatic unsaturated amine is used as a functional reagent to synthesize the surface modifier and is used, the material surface water contact angle can reach 120-155°, and has the property of hydrophobic-hydrophilic conversion; when the aliphatic long-chain olefin is used as a functional reagent to synthesize the surface modifier and is used, the material surface has hydrophobic property, and the water contact angle can reach 120-155°; it can be widely used in waterproof, oil-proof, corrosion-resistant, anti-fouling, self-cleaning and other fields.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0033] The preparation method of the functionalized surface modifier provided by the present application is simple, fast and efficient, only two steps of photo-click reaction are needed, the preparation process is time-saving, and it is easy to produce. The functionalized surface modifier provided by the present application chemically modifies the surface of the substrate by immersion or spraying, and the silicon-nitrogen bond in the functionalized surface modifier molecule breaks to form a new bond under the action of the hydroxyl group on the surface of the material, that is, the substrate surface is given special hydrophobic, oleophobic and hydrophobic-hydrophilic conversion properties. Compared with the existing chemical modification method of the substrate, the modification process of the present application is simple, the conditions are mild, the reaction speed is fast, and it is easy to modify quickly. In addition, the functional groups on the surface of the material prepared by using the functionalized surface modifier provided by the present application act in the form of chemical bonding with the substrate. When physical damage such as peeling and friction occurs, the functional coating can always maintain structural stability and is not easy to fall off, giving the material durable and stable hydrophobic, oleophobic and other properties. The series of functionalized surface modifiers prepared by the present application are suitable for modifying the surfaces of materials with different requirements, and have great application range and prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The embodiments illustrated in the drawings, and their description, are presented to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application unduly.

[0035] Figure 1 FTIR diagram of tetramethyldivinyl disilazane, ethanedithiol, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate and the functionalized surface modifier obtained in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 2 (a) hydrophobic and oleophobic effect, (b) water contact angle and (c) n-hexane contact angle of melamine sponge with hydrophobic and oleophobic properties obtained in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 3 (a) wet state of the super-hydrophobic cotton fabric, (b) wet state of the cotton fabric surface after treatment with an acid solution, and (c) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic cotton fabric obtained in Example 2;

[0038] Figure 4 (a) hydrophobic effect and (b) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic wood board obtained in Example 3;

[0039] Figure 5 (a) hydrophobic effect and (b) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic wood board obtained in Example 3;

[0040] Figure 6 (a) hydrophobic effect and (b) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic wood board obtained in Example 3;

[0041] Figure 7 (a) hydrophobic effect and (b) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic wood board obtained in Example 3;

[0042] Figure 8 (a) hydrophobic effect and (b) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic wood board obtained in Example 3;

[0043] Figure 9 (a) hydrophobic effect and (b) water contact angle of the super-hydrophobic wood board obtained in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials in the embodiments of the present application are obtained by commercial purchase.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the room temperature or normal temperature in the embodiments of the present application refers to 25±3℃.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A preparation method of a functional surface modifier, comprising the following steps:

[0050] 25 parts of 1,2-ethylenedithiol, 25 parts of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, 0.2 parts of 2-hydroxy-2-methylphenylacetone, and 100 parts of dichloromethane were thoroughly mixed and stirred at 25°C under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 1 h. Then, 20 parts of tetramethyldivinyldisilazane were added and stirred under 365 nm ultraviolet light for another 0.5 h to obtain a functionalized surface modifier.

[0051] The functionalized surface modifiers obtained in Example 1, including tetramethyldivinyldisilazane, ethylenedithiol, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, and the product obtained by FTIR analysis were analyzed using FTIR. The results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, ethylenedithiol at 2555 cm⁻¹ -1 The absorption peak at 1595 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching vibration of the SH bond in the thiol group; the absorption peak of tetramethyldivinyldisilazane at 1595 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching vibration of the SH bond in the thiol group. -1 The absorption peak at 1250 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching vibration of C=C. -1 The absorption peak at 925 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the bending vibration of Si-CH₃. -1 The absorption peak at 1741 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the Si-N bond; the absorption peak of dodecylfluoroheptyl methacrylate at 1741 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the Si-N bond. -1 The absorption peak at 1641 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching vibration of the C=O bond. -1 The absorption peak at 1236 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching vibration of C=C. -1 and 1136cm -1 The absorption peak at the point corresponds to the stretching vibration of the CF bond on the polyfluoromethyl or methylene group. The disappearance of the C=C bond and -SH absorption peaks in the surface modifier indicates that the reaction proceeded successfully.

[0052] The application of a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0053] After immersing the melamine sponge in the functionalized surface modifier described in this embodiment for 2 hours, it is washed to obtain a melamine sponge with hydrophobic and oleophobic properties.

[0054] The liquid contact angle of the melamine sponge with hydrophobic and oleophobic properties was measured. The water contact angle was as follows: Figure 2 As shown in section (b), the result is 142°; the contact angle of n-hexane is as follows. Figure 2 In section (c), the result is 100°. For example... Figure 2 As shown in section (a), water and n-hexane droplets form spherical shapes on the surface of both hydrophobic and oleophobic melamine sponges, while droplets on the original melamine sponge surface completely penetrate into it, indicating that the use of surface modifiers can impart hydrophobic and oleophobic properties to the sponge.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A method for preparing a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0057] 30 parts of 1,2-ethylenedithiol, 30 parts of oleylamine, 0.2 parts of 1-hydroxycyclohexylbenzophenone, and 100 parts of toluene were thoroughly mixed and stirred at 30°C under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 0.5 h. Then, 20 parts of tetramethyldivinyldisilazane were added and stirred under 365 nm ultraviolet light for another 0.5 h to obtain a functionalized surface modifier.

[0058] The application of a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0059] The cotton fabric is immersed in the functionalized surface modifier described in this embodiment for 2 hours and then washed to obtain a superhydrophobic cotton fabric. After being treated with an acidic solution, the surface of the superhydrophobic cotton fabric can be further converted from hydrophobic to hydrophilic.

[0060] The wettability and contact angle of the superhydrophobic cotton fabric obtained in Example 2 and the original cotton fabric were tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 3 . Figure 3 Part (a) shows the surface wetting state of the superhydrophobic cotton fabric obtained in this embodiment; as shown in section (a). Figure 3 As shown in section (c), its static water contact angle reaches 151°, exhibiting superhydrophobic properties. After treatment with a hydrobromic acid solution at pH=1, the surface wetting state of this superhydrophobic cotton fabric changed, as shown... Figure 3 In part (b), the water droplets are spread out completely, indicating that the functionalized surface modifier obtained in this embodiment can not only impart superhydrophobic properties to the surface of cotton fabric after soaking, but also enable the cotton fabric to achieve a superhydrophobic-hydrophilic conversion through acidic solution treatment.

[0061] The superhydrophobic cotton fabric obtained in Example 2 was subjected to a physical friction durability test. A 200g weight was placed on the fabric and rubbed with 500-grit sandpaper. Each cycle consisted of the fabric traveling 20cm on the sandpaper, and a total of 100 cycles were performed. The water contact angle of the fabric was tested every 10 cycles. The results are as follows: Figure 4 The friction test had no significant effect on the hydrophobicity of the superhydrophobic cotton fabric. After 100 friction tests, it still maintained its hydrophobicity and remained above 145°, indicating that the superhydrophobic cotton fabric has excellent physical friction resistance.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A method for preparing a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0064] 30 parts of 1,6-hexanedithiol, 30 parts of octadecene, 0.2 parts of 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone and 100 parts of octadecene were thoroughly mixed and stirred at 10°C under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 0.1 h. Then, 22 parts of tetramethyldivinyldisilazane were added and stirred under 365 nm ultraviolet light for another 0.5 h to obtain a functionalized surface modifier.

[0065] The application of a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0066] The wood board was immersed in the functionalized surface modifier described in this embodiment for 2 hours, and then washed to obtain the hydrophobic wood board.

[0067] The wetting state of water droplets on the surface of the hydrophobic wooden board obtained in this embodiment was observed, and a water contact angle test was performed. The results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, by Figure 5 As can be seen in part (a), the water droplets on the hydrophobic wooden board are nearly spherical, and the water contact angle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in section (b), the angle is 144°, indicating that the wood board surface has good hydrophobic properties after being modified with a surface modifier.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] A method for preparing a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0070] 40 parts of 1,4-butanedithiol, 40 parts of octadecene, 0.2 parts of diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, and 100 parts of tetrahydrofuran were thoroughly mixed and stirred at 50°C under 365 nm ultraviolet light for 1 h. Then, 25 parts of tetramethyldivinyldisilazane were added and stirred under 365 nm ultraviolet light for another 0.5 h to obtain a functionalized surface modifier.

[0071] The application of a functionalized surface modifier includes the following steps:

[0072] Soak wood pulp paper in a surface modifier for 2 hours, then wash to obtain hydrophobic paper.

[0073] The hydrophobic effect of the prepared hydrophobic paper was tested, and the results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in (a), the contact angle of the droplet on the hydrophobic paper surface remained unchanged over 30 minutes, indicating its durable hydrophobicity. The water contact angle of the hydrophobic paper is as follows: Figure 6 As shown in (b) in the figure, it can reach 122°, indicating that it has good hydrophobicity.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] A surface modifier, which is different from Example 1 only in that the functional agent dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate is not included. The rest of the raw materials and process steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Application of a surface modifier, which is different from Example 1 only in that the melamine sponge is soaked in the surface modifier obtained in this comparative example for 1 h to obtain a modified melamine sponge.

[0077] Sudan red dyed n-hexane and water droplets are dropped on the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the results are shown in Figure 7 It can be seen that the contact angles of n-hexane and water on Comparative Example 1 are both 0°, indicating that the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 1 has no hydrophobic and oleophobic ability.

[0078] Comparative Example 2

[0079] A surface modifier, which is different from Example 1 only in that the dithiol therein is replaced by an equal amount of ethanethiol. The rest of the raw materials and process steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Application of a surface modifier, which is different from Example 1 only in that the melamine sponge is soaked in the surface modifier obtained in this comparative example for 1 h to obtain a modified melamine sponge.

[0081] Sudan red dyed n-hexane and water droplets are dropped on the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 2, and the results are shown in Figure 8 The contact angle of n-hexane on the modified melamine sponge is 0°, as shown in part (a) of Figure 8 The water droplets on the surface of the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 2 are spherical, and the water contact angle is 113°, as shown in part (b) of

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] A surface modifier, which is different from Example 1 only in that it is stirred under visible light at 25°C for 1.5 h. The rest of the raw materials and process steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0084] Application of a surface modifier, which is different from Example 1 only in that the melamine sponge is soaked in the surface modifier obtained in this comparative example for 1 h to obtain a modified melamine sponge.

[0085] Sudan red dyed n-hexane and water droplets are dropped on the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 3, and the results are shown in Figure 9As shown, the contact angle of n-hexane on the modified melamine sponge is 0°, and it can be known that the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 3 has no oil-repellent ability; the contact angle of water droplets on the surface of the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 3 is 0°, and the water droplets quickly penetrate on the surface of the sponge, indicating that the modified melamine sponge obtained in Comparative Example 3 has no hydrophobic ability.

[0086] The above merely provides the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A functionalized surface modifier, characterized in that, The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 25-50 parts of dithiol, 20-40 parts of tetramethyldivinyldisilazane, 0.2-1 parts of photoinitiator, 25-50 parts of functional reagent, and 100 parts of organic solvent; wherein the functional reagent is selected from one or more of polyfluorinated esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids, long-chain aliphatic unsaturated amines, and unsaturated long-chain aliphatic olefins.

2. The functionalized surface modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dithiol is selected from one or more of ethylenedithiol, propylenedithiol, butyldithiol, pentanedithiol, hexanedithiol, octanedithiol, nonanedithiol, and decandithiol.

3. The functionalized surface modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoinitiator is selected from one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methylphenylacetone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylphenylacetone, and diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide.

4. The functionalized surface modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyfluoroesters of the unsaturated carboxylic acid include one or more of dodecylfluoroheptyl methacrylate, dodecylfluoroheptyl acrylate, perfluorooctyl methacrylate, and 3-perfluorohexyl-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate.

5. A functionalized surface modifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The long-chain aliphatic unsaturated amine is oleylamine; and / or, The unsaturated long-chain aliphatic olefins include one or more of octadecene, heptadecanene, hexadecene, pentadecene, tetradecene, tridecene, dodecene, undecene, decene, nonene, octene, heptenene, and hexene.

6. The functionalized surface modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic solvent includes one or more of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and hexane.

7. A method for preparing a functionalized surface modifier according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Dithiol, functional reagent, photoinitiator and organic solvent are mixed and placed under ultraviolet light for photoclick reaction for 0.5-1.5 h. Tetramethyldivinyldisilazane is added and placed under ultraviolet light for photoclick reaction for another 0.5-1.5 h to obtain the functionalized surface modifier.

8. The method for preparing a functionalized surface modifier according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 365nm.

9. The method for preparing a functionalized surface modifier according to claim 7, characterized in that, All photoclick reactions were carried out under stirring conditions, and the temperature was 10-60℃.

10. The application of a functionalized surface modifier as described in any one of claims 1-6 in regulating the wettability of material surfaces.

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