Mineral-source acidic soil improvement microbial agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a mineral source acidic soil improvement microbial agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The mineral source acidic soil improvement microbial agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 to 80 parts of dolomite powder, 10 to 30 parts of tea spar mineral powder, 1 to 15 parts of bentonite, 1 to 20 parts of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1 to 1 part of microbial agent and 0.1 to 1 part of synergist. The mineral source acid soil improvement microbial agent can synergistically repair acid soil from three dimensions of physics, chemistry and biology, not only can improve the soil structure and passivate soil heavy metals, but also can increase soil effective microbial communities and reduce plant diseases, and is more beneficial to improvement of the acid soil and promotion of healthy growth of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of acid soil improvement technology, specifically relating to a mineral-derived acid soil improvement microbial agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, soil acidification in my country's farmland has become increasingly serious. Generally, soil pH is used to assess the degree of soil acidification; soil with a pH value less than 6.5 is defined as acidic soil. Statistics show that the area of ​​acidic soil in my country has expanded to more than 40% of the cultivated land area, and this area is increasing annually. It is mainly distributed in southern my country, while the area of ​​acidic soil in Northeast China, the Huang-Huai region, and areas with large greenhouse facilities in the north is also continuously increasing.

[0003] Improper fertilization is a contributing factor to soil acidification. Soil acidification causes various problems, including low nutrient availability, increased heavy metal activity, soil compaction, and poor aeration, leading to soil degradation. Furthermore, the proliferation of harmful microorganisms in acidic soils increases the number of soil pathogens, thus affecting crop growth. Simultaneously, soil acidification reduces the activity of beneficial microorganisms, disrupting the balance of the soil ecosystem. Soil acidification seriously impacts crop growth and development and the sustainable development of agriculture in my country.

[0004] Currently, the main raw materials for soil conditioners used in my country to treat acidic soils include lime, biochar, industrial waste, and organic materials. However, many of these raw materials suffer from problems such as burning seedlings, secondary pollution, and high costs. Chinese patent document CN119350104A discloses an organic fertilizer for improving acidic soils and its preparation method. This invention uses chicken manure, urea, microbial agents, nicotine biochar, synergists, calcium silicate powder, biochemical potassium humate, alkali residue, modifiers, turpentine, and wood ash to prepare the organic fertilizer. The nicotine biochar is enhanced with synergists, and the alkali residue is selectively modified with a hydrophobic agent. These, along with the microbial agents, biochemical potassium humate, calcium silicate powder, and wood ash, work synergistically to improve acidic soils. However, this invention has the following problems: First, the raw material costs are high, especially for nicotine biochar, which is expensive and hinders large-scale promotion. Second, the modification process requires advanced techniques; the hydrophobic selective modification of the alkali residue and the synergistic treatment of the nicotine biochar require additional steps, increasing energy consumption and time costs. Third: Although the alkali residue has been modified, there may be a risk of heavy metal accumulation during long-term use due to the heavy metals it may contain (such as industrial by-products), which needs to be verified over a long period of time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner, its preparation method, and its application. This mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner can synergistically repair acidic soil from three dimensions: physical, chemical, and biological. It not only improves soil structure and passivates heavy metals in the soil, but also increases beneficial soil microorganisms, reduces plant diseases, and is more conducive to the improvement of acidic soil and the promotion of healthy crop growth.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts dolomite powder, 10-30 parts smoky quartz powder, 1-15 parts bentonite, 1-20 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1-1 parts microbial inoculant, and 0.1-1 parts synergist.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts dolomite powder, 15-20 parts smoky quartz powder, 5-10 parts bentonite, 5-15 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1-0.5 parts microbial agent, and 0.3-0.7 parts synergist.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts dolomite powder, 20 parts smoky quartz powder, 10 parts bentonite, 10 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.5 parts microbial agent, and 0.7 parts synergist.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the dolomite powder is less than or equal to 80 mesh; the dolomite powder is obtained by mechanically crushing natural dolomite and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dolomite powder contains 20-30% calcium by mass, 10-20% magnesium by mass, and the pH of a 20% (w / v) dolomite powder aqueous dispersion is 8.5-9.5.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the smoky quartz powder is less than or equal to 80 mesh; the smoky quartz is obtained by mechanically crushing natural smoky quartz and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the bentonite is less than or equal to 80 mesh; the bentonite is obtained by mechanically crushing natural bentonite and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is less than or equal to 80 mesh; the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is obtained by mechanically crushing silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer particles and passing them through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calcium content in the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is 10-20%, the magnesium content is 1-5%, the potassium content is 1-5%, the silicon content is 1-10%, and the pH of the 20% (w / v) silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer aqueous dispersion is 8.0-11.0.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microbial agent is 1000-1500 cfu / g of Bacillus belye (…). Bacillus from Velez B125. The accession number of Bacillus belyeis B125 is CGMCC No. 26583. It was deposited on February 20, 2023 at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, located at No. 3, Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the synergist is one or both of potassium humate and polyacrylamide. Preferably, the synergist is a combination of potassium humate and polyacrylamide, wherein the mass ratio of potassium humate to polyacrylamide is 2-3:1.

[0017] Preferably, the potassium fulvic acid content in the mineral-derived fulvic acid is above 50% by mass; the polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide with an average molecular weight of 10-15 million.

[0018] The preparation method of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acidic soil amendment microbial agent includes the following steps: S1: Mix dolomite powder, smoky quartz powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and synergist thoroughly and evenly, dry, and control the moisture content to within 5 wt% to obtain a premix. S2: Mix the microbial agent and premix agent evenly again to obtain a mineral-derived acidic soil amendment agent.

[0019] The application of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acid soil amendment microbial agents in acid soil improvement.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the application method includes the following steps: tilling the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner into the soil at a dosage of 100-200 kg / mu. Preferably, the dosage of the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner is 100 kg / mu. In this invention, the tilling depth is 20-30 cm.

[0021] This invention relates to dolomite powder made from natural dolomite, with the chemical formula CaMg(CO3)2. It is composed of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and carbonate ions (CO3²⁻), belonging to carbonate minerals. The calcium content is typically 30%, and the magnesium content is typically 20%. Being an alkaline mineral, it neutralizes acidic soils, replenishing the calcium ions (Ca²⁻) lacking in acidic soils. 2+), magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ), and contains calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium ions (Mg 2+ It can replace the acidifying ions (Al) accumulated in acidic soils. 3+ H + In addition, the carbonate ions in it can react with hydrogen ions (H+) in acidic soil. + A chemical reaction occurs, producing carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), which in turn consumes acidic ions in the soil.

[0022] The smoky quartz mineral powder of this invention uses natural smoky quartz as raw material. It is an alkaline mineral and has the function of neutralizing acidic soil. It contains a variety of trace elements, which can not only provide the nutrients needed by crops, but also adsorb heavy metal ions in the soil, reduce the activity of heavy metals in the soil, and reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to crops.

[0023] The bentonite of this invention uses natural bentonite as raw material, and its main component is montmorillonite. After being applied to the soil, bentonite can absorb water and expand, changing the ratio of solid, liquid and gas in the soil, making the soil loose, significantly improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, reducing the soil bulk density, and improving the soil's water and fertilizer retention. In addition, bentonite is also a natural slow-release fertilizer carrier, which has a slow-release and controlled-release effect on a variety of nutrients.

[0024] This invention relates to a commercially available silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, which is generally an alkaline mineral fertilizer obtained by high-temperature calcination of natural potassium ore and other mineral raw materials, containing potassium (K). + ), calcium, (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg) 2+ ), silicon (Si) 2+ It contains nutrients such as acidic soil and provides crops with medium-quantity elements.

[0025] The microbial agent of this invention is a strain of Bacillus belye B125 (CN116515689 A) with good biocontrol and growth-promoting effects. It is non-hemolytic, safe and environmentally friendly. It can not only promote crop growth and prevent plant diseases, but also replenish beneficial bacteria in acidic soil and improve the soil micro-ecological environment.

[0026] The mineral-derived potassium fulvate of this invention is commercially available. It is a highly active mineral-derived potassium fulvate prepared from natural lignite or weathered coal through processes such as physical crushing, alkali treatment (KOH), and spray drying. It is rich in small-molecule fulvic acid, which can promote crop rooting. In addition, the mineral-derived potassium fulvate contains abundant functional groups and many organic complexation sites, which can undergo complexation and chelation reactions with various nutrients, reducing soil nutrient loss and fixation, and improving fertilizer absorption rate.

[0027] The polyacrylamide of this invention is a water-soluble polymer that mainly plays a role in soil improvement by retaining water, stabilizing soil, and promoting the formation of aggregate structure. It adsorbs soil particles by electrostatic adsorption, binds fine particles together to form stable aggregates, enhances soil porosity, and improves air permeability and water permeability.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes specific raw materials and proportions to produce a mineral-based acidic soil conditioner. In improving acidic soil, it not only improves soil pH but also replenishes deficient nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and silicon, as well as beneficial microbial communities. It increases the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements in the soil, activates nutrients, reduces soil salinity, lowers soil bulk density, improves soil structure, enhances soil permeability, passivates heavy metals in the soil, and reduces plant diseases. Specifically, bentonite and the synergist polyacrylamide improve soil structure, porosity, and water and fertilizer retention capacity (physical dimension); dolomite powder, smoky quartz powder, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and the synergist mineral-derived potassium humate neutralize soil acidity, replenish soil nutrients, and regulate soil ion balance (chemical dimension); and the microbial agent replenishes beneficial soil bacteria and promotes organic matter transformation. This synergistic approach to acidic soil management from physical, chemical, and biological dimensions promotes healthy crop growth, resulting in a more comprehensive and sustainable improvement effect.

[0029] 2. The production method adopted in this invention is simple and convenient to operate. It only requires simple mixing and controlling the moisture content to within 5%. The raw materials are inexpensive and readily available, which can ensure the stability of the effective live bacteria count of the mineral-based acid soil conditioner.

[0030] 3. The raw materials of this invention are as a whole, and they work together synergistically to achieve the excellent effect of this invention; if the types of raw materials are changed, a certain raw material is omitted, or the ratio of raw materials is changed, the effect of the resulting soil amendment microbial agent will be reduced. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] Example 1 A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts dolomite powder, 20 parts smoky quartz powder, 10 parts bentonite, 10 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.5 parts microbial agent, 0.2 parts polyacrylamide, and 0.5 parts mineral-derived potassium humate.

[0033] The dolomite powder is obtained by mechanically crushing natural dolomite and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve. The dolomite powder has a calcium content of 30wt%, a magnesium content of 20wt%, and a pH of 8.5 for a 20% (w / v) dolomite powder aqueous dispersion.

[0034] The smoky quartz powder is obtained by mechanically crushing natural smoky quartz and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0035] The bentonite mentioned above is obtained by mechanically crushing natural bentonite and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0036] The silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is obtained by mechanically crushing commercially available silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer granules and passing them through an 80-mesh sieve. The silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer contains 15wt% calcium, 2wt% magnesium, 3wt% potassium, and 6wt% silicon. The pH of the 20% (w / v) silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer aqueous dispersion is 11.0.

[0037] The microbial agent is 1000 cfu / g of Bacillus belysinus (B. belysinus). Bacillus velezensis B125. The Bacillus belyssus B125 described herein has the accession number CGMCC No. 26583 and was deposited on February 20, 2023, at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0038] The potassium fulvic acid in the mineral source contains 50 wt% fulvic acid; the polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide with an average molecular weight of 12 million.

[0039] The preparation method of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acidic soil amendment microbial agent includes the following steps: S1: The dolomite powder, smoky quartz powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, polyacrylamide, and mineral-derived potassium humate are thoroughly mixed to obtain a mixed raw material. S2: Dry the mixed raw materials, and control the moisture content to within 5 wt% to obtain a premix; S3: Mix the Bacillus berberis B125 microbial agent raw material with the premix agent again to obtain a mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner.

[0040] The application of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acid soil conditioner in the improvement of acid soil. The application method includes the following steps: The mineral-derived acid soil conditioner is tilled into the soil at a rate of 100 kg / mu. The tilling depth is 30 cm.

[0041] Example 2 A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts dolomite powder, 15 parts smoky quartz powder, 8 parts bentonite, 5 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.2 parts microbial agent, 0.1 parts polyacrylamide, and 0.2 parts mineral-derived potassium humate.

[0042] Other raw material parameters, as well as the preparation and application methods of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acidic soil amendment microbial agent, are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Example 3 A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts dolomite powder, 20 parts smoky quartz powder, 5 parts bentonite, 15 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.3 parts microbial agent, 0.1 parts polyacrylamide, and 0.3 parts mineral-derived potassium humate.

[0044] Other raw material parameters, as well as the preparation and application methods of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acidic soil amendment microbial agent, are the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Example 4 A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner and its preparation method are described in Example 1.

[0046] The application method of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acid soil amendment microbial agent in acid soil amendment is as in Example 1, except that the dosage is 200 kg per acre; other steps or conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Example 5 A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner, as described in Example 1, except that: 0.1 parts of microbial agent are used; the composition and parameters of other raw materials are the same as in Example 1.

[0048] The preparation and application methods of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acidic soil amendment microbial agent are the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] Example 6 A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner, as described in Example 1, except that no synergist, mineral-derived potassium humate, is added; the other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0050] The preparation method of the above-mentioned soil conditioner is as described in Example 1, except that no synergist potassium humate is added; the other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0051] The application method of the above-mentioned mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner is the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 1 A soil conditioner, as described in Example 1, except that it does not contain Bacillus vesiculosus B125 microbial inoculant. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] The preparation method of the above soil conditioner is the same as that described in Example 1, except that Bacillus vesiculosus B125 microbial agent is not added. Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0054] The application method of the above-mentioned soil conditioner in acidic soil improvement is the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that the Bacillus vesiculosus B125 microbial agent is replaced with a commercially available ordinary Bacillus vesiculosus microbial agent (1000 cfu / g). Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] The preparation method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0057] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that dolomite powder is not added. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0059] The preparation method of the soil amendment microbial agent described above is the same as that in Example 1, except that dolomite powder is not added. Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0060] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 4 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that bentonite is not added. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] The preparation method of the soil amendment microbial agent described above is the same as that in Example 1, except that bentonite is not added. Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0063] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 5 A soil-improving microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that no silicon, calcium, potassium, or magnesium fertilizer is added. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0065] The preparation method of the soil amendment microbial agent described above is the same as that in Example 1, except that no silicon, calcium, potassium, or magnesium fertilizer is added. Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0066] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 6 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that no smoky quartz powder is added. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0068] The preparation method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent is the same as that described in Example 1, except that smoky quartz powder is not added. Other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0069] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 7 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that: the dolomite powder has a mesh size of 30, the smoky quartz powder has a mesh size of 30, the bentonite has a mesh size of 30, and the silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer has a mesh size of 30. The composition and parameters of other raw materials are the same as in Example 1.

[0071] The preparation method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0072] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 8 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that the synergist polyacrylamide is cationic with an average molecular weight of 12 million. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0074] The preparation method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0075] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 9 A soil conditioner microbial agent, as described in Example 1, except that dolomite powder is replaced with commercially available 80-mesh zeolite powder. Other raw material composition and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0077] The preparation method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0078] The application method of the above-mentioned soil amendment microbial agent in acidic soil amendment is the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Application examples 1. Planting Trial 1 Experimental location: Field in Wujiafangtou Village, Nangu Town, Linshu County, Shandong Province. Soil pH: 5.5; Available nitrogen: 148.27 mg / kg; Available phosphorus: 22.42 mg / kg; Available potassium: 314.23 mg / kg; Ecosystem coefficient (Ec): 350.21 μs / cm; Soil bulk density: 1.40 g / cm³. 3 .

[0080] The tested radish variety was Chunhong No. 1. Before sowing, 15-15-15 compound fertilizer (purchased from Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd., total content 45%) was applied, and the soil was evenly tilled. The amount of compound fertilizer applied was based on the farmers' usual practice. Soil conditioner or soil amendment was used as base fertilizer and applied together with the compound fertilizer.

[0081] The experimental field area was divided into six treatments: Examples 1-6, Comparative Examples 1-9, and a blank control group, totaling 16 treatments. Each treatment covered an area of ​​0.5 mu (approximately 0.067 hectares). A 1-meter protective row was set between each group. No test samples were added to the blank control group. All other agricultural operations were routine field management. The test samples were soil amendment microbial agents or soil conditioners prepared in the Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0082] Ten radishes of 1 square meter each were randomly selected from each group (i.e., a total of 10 square meters of radishes). The average fresh weight of the underground part of each radish plant and the number of diseased radishes in each group were counted. At the same time, the yield per mu was also counted.

[0083] The specific statistical results are shown in Table 1: According to the statistical results of the field experiment, when the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-6 was applied, compared with Comparative Examples 1-9, the average number of diseased radish plants decreased by 80.45%, the underground fleshy roots grew larger, and the average yield per mu increased by 9.78% compared with Comparative Examples 1-9; compared with the blank control treatment without the application of mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner, the average number of diseased radish plants decreased by 89.11%, and the average yield per mu increased by 13.81% compared with the blank control.

[0084] To further verify the soil-improving effects of soil amendment microbial agents or soil conditioners, soil tests were conducted before and after planting. Testing and Experiment Sampling method: Five soil samples (20-30 cm deep) were randomly collected from each experimental field after planting and harvest. The samples were allowed to air dry naturally for about a week, mixed thoroughly, ground, and passed through a 2 mm (10 mesh) standard sieve. Soil pH, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, soil EC, and soil bulk density were measured.

[0085] Detection method: Soil pH: Soil pH was determined using the water-to-soil ratio of 5:1 recorded in NY / T 1121.2-2006.

[0086] Soil bulk density: Soil bulk density was determined using the ring sampler method recorded in NY / T 1121.4-2006.

[0087] Alkaline nitrogen: Alkaline nitrogen was determined using the alkaline diffusion method recorded in LY / T 1228-2015.

[0088] Available phosphorus: Available phosphorus was determined using the molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method recorded in NY / T 1121.25-2012.

[0089] Available potassium: Available potassium was determined using the ammonium acetate extraction method recorded in NY / T889-2004.

[0090] Soil Ec: Soil Ec was determined using the 5:1 water-to-soil ratio potentiometric method recorded in NY / T1121.16-2006.

[0091] According to the soil sample test results (Table 2), the application of the mineral-derived acidic soil amendments prepared in Examples 1-6 of this invention significantly improved the quality of acidic soil. Compared with the blank control without the mineral-derived acidic soil amendments, the average soil pH was 6.88, an increase of 27.40%; the average available nitrogen was 153.83 mg / kg, an increase of 16.40%; the average available phosphorus was 30.43 mg / kg, an increase of 35.70%; the average available potassium was 351.41 mg / kg, an increase of 14.00%; the average Ec was 266.30 μs / cm, a decrease of 21.70%; and the average bulk density was 1.29 g / cm³. 3 The concentration of *Bacillus vesiculosus* B125 microbial agent added in Examples 1-6 was reduced by 17.30%. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the *Bacillus vesiculosus* B125 microbial agent added in Examples 1-6 could better complement the mineral-derived acidic soil amendment carrier and synergistically improve acidic soil. Compared with Comparative Examples 3, 4, 5, and 6, the dolomite powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and smoky quartz powder in Examples 1-6 synergistically improved acidic soil. Compared with Comparative Example 7, the mesh size of dolomite powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and smoky quartz powder in Examples 1-6 was controlled at 80 mesh, which, compared with 30 mesh, has a larger contact area with the soil and a better soil improvement effect. Compared with Comparative Example 8, the anionic polyacrylamide in Examples 1-6 had a better soil improvement effect. Compared with Comparative Example 9, the dolomite powder in Examples 1-6 had a better effect on improving acidic soil than zeolite powder. Therefore, the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-6 of this invention can effectively and comprehensively improve acidic soil, increase soil pH, enhance soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content, activate nutrients, reduce soil salinity, reduce soil bulk density, make soil loose and breathable, and improve soil fertility.

[0092] 2. Planting Experiment 2 Experimental location: Shanzicun Village, Jiaolong Town, Linshu County, Linyi City, Shandong Province. Soil pH: 5.3; Available nitrogen: 125.12 mg / kg; Available phosphorus: 20.24 mg / kg; Available potassium: 300.12 mg / kg; Ecosystem coefficient (Ec): 382.15 μs / cm; Soil bulk density: 1.35 g / cm³. 3 .

[0093] The wheat variety tested was Jimai 22. Before sowing, 15-15-15 compound fertilizer (purchased from Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co., Ltd., total content 45%) was applied and the land was evenly tilled. The amount of compound fertilizer applied was based on the farmers' usual practice. Soil amendment microbial agent was used as base fertilizer and applied together with the compound fertilizer.

[0094] The experimental field was divided into six groups: Examples 1-6, Comparative Examples 1-9, and a blank control group, totaling 16 treatments. Each treatment covered an area of ​​1 mu (approximately 0.16 acres). A 1-meter protective row was set between each group. No test samples were added to the blank control group. All other agricultural operations were routine field management. The test samples were soil amendment microbial agents or soil conditioners prepared in the Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0095] Ten 1-square-meter wheat fields were randomly selected from each group (i.e., a total of 10 square meters of wheat). The number of grains per ear (40 ears were randomly selected and the average number of grains per ear was taken), the thousand-grain weight, and the number of diseased plants in each group were counted. The yield per mu was also counted.

[0096] The specific statistical results are shown in Table 3: According to the statistical results of field trials, compared with comparative examples 1-9, the application of the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-6 resulted in a 61.05% reduction in the average number of diseased wheat plants, a 25.35% increase in the average number of grains per ear, a 17.31% increase in the average thousand-grain weight, and an 11.26% increase in the average yield per mu (a Chinese unit of area, approximately 0.067 hectares), showing a significant yield increase. Compared with the blank control treatment without the application of the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner, the application of the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner resulted in an 85.03% reduction in the average number of diseased wheat plants, a 68.65% increase in the average number of grains per ear, a 22.39% increase in the average thousand-grain weight, and a 14.70% increase in the average yield per mu (a Chinese unit of area, approximately 0.067 hectares), showing a significant yield increase.

[0097] To further verify the soil-improving effects of soil amendment microbial agents or soil conditioners, tests were conducted on wheat soil before and after planting: Testing and Experiment Sampling method: Five soil samples (20-30 cm deep) were randomly collected from each experimental field after planting and harvest. The samples were allowed to air dry naturally for about a week, mixed thoroughly, ground, and passed through a 2 mm (10 mesh) standard sieve. Soil pH, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, soil EC, and soil bulk density were measured.

[0098] Detection method: Soil pH: Soil pH was determined using the water-to-soil ratio of 5:1 recorded in NY / T 1121.2-2006.

[0099] Soil bulk density: Soil bulk density was determined using the ring sampler method recorded in NY / T 1121.4-2006.

[0100] Alkaline nitrogen: Alkaline nitrogen was determined using the alkaline diffusion method recorded in LY / T 1228-2015.

[0101] Available phosphorus: Available phosphorus was determined using the molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method recorded in NY / T 1121.25-2012.

[0102] Available potassium: Available potassium was determined using the ammonium acetate extraction method recorded in NY / T 889-2004.

[0103] Soil Ec: Soil Ec was determined using the 5:1 water-to-soil ratio potentiometric method recorded in NY / T 1121.16-2006.

[0104] According to the soil sample test results (Table 4), the application of the mineral-derived acidic soil amendments prepared in Examples 1-6 of this invention significantly improved the quality of acidic soil. Compared with the blank control without the mineral-derived acidic soil amendments, the average soil pH was 6.86, an increase of 23.60%; the average available nitrogen was 129.56 mg / kg, an increase of 17.54%; the average available phosphorus was 29.44 mg / kg, an increase of 42.60%; the average available potassium was 420.54 mg / kg, an increase of 31.20%; the average soil Ec was 251.13 μs / cm, a decrease of 28.30%; and the average soil bulk density was 1.19 g / cm³. 3The concentration of acidic soil was reduced by 28.31%. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the Bacillus vesiculosus B125 microbial agent added in Examples 1-6 could better complement the mineral-derived acidic soil amendment carrier and synergistically improve acidic soil. Compared with Comparative Examples 3, 4, 5, and 6, the dolomite powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and smoky quartz mineral powder added in Examples 1-6 could synergistically improve acidic soil. Compared with Comparative Example 7, the 80-mesh dolomite powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and smoky quartz mineral powder added in Examples 1-6 had a larger contact area with the soil and a better soil improvement effect. Compared with Comparative Example 8, the anionic polyacrylamide added in Examples 1-6 had a better soil improvement effect. Compared with Comparative Example 9, the dolomite powder added in Examples 1-6 had a better effect on improving acidic soil than zeolite powder. In summary, the components of the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner formulation of this invention work synergistically. The absence of any one component will prevent the achievement of the desired effect. Only by using the complete formulation of the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner of this invention can the effects of increasing crop yield and improving acidic soil be effectively achieved.

[0105] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Obviously, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner, characterized in that, The raw materials consist of the following parts by weight: 40-80 parts dolomite powder, 10-30 parts smoky quartz powder, 1-15 parts bentonite, 1-20 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1-1 part microbial inoculant, and 0.1-1 part synergist.

2. The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts dolomite powder, 15-20 parts smoky quartz powder, 5-10 parts bentonite, 5-15 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.1-0.5 parts microbial agent, and 0.3-0.7 parts synergist.

3. The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts dolomite powder, 20 parts smoky quartz powder, 10 parts bentonite, 10 parts silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, 0.5 parts microbial agent, and 0.7 parts synergist.

4. The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes one or more of the following conditions: i. The particle size of dolomite powder is less than or equal to 80 mesh; dolomite powder is obtained by mechanically crushing natural dolomite and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve; ii. The calcium content in dolomite powder is 20-30% by mass, the magnesium content is 10-20% by mass, and the pH of a 20% (w / v) dolomite powder aqueous dispersion is 8.5-9.5; iii. The particle size of smoky quartz powder is less than or equal to 80 mesh; smoky quartz is obtained by mechanically crushing natural smoky quartz and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve. iv. The particle size of bentonite is less than or equal to 80 mesh; bentonite is produced by mechanically crushing natural bentonite and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve. v. The particle size of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is less than or equal to 80 mesh; silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is made by mechanically crushing silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer particles and passing them through an 80-mesh sieve; vi. The calcium content in silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer is 10-20%, the magnesium content is 1-5%, the potassium content is 1-5%, and the silicon content is 1-10%. The pH of a 20% (w / v) silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer aqueous dispersion is 8.0-11.

0.

5. The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agent is 1000-1500 cfu / g of Bacillus belysinus ( Bacillus velezensis B125.

6. The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synergist is one or both of potassium humate and polyacrylamide; preferably, the synergist is a combination of potassium humate and polyacrylamide, and the mass ratio of potassium humate to polyacrylamide is 2-3:

1.

7. The mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner according to claim 6, characterized in that, The potassium fulvicate from the mineral source contains more than 50% fulvic acid by mass; the polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide with an average molecular weight of 10-15 million.

8. A method for preparing the mineral-derived acidic soil amendment microbial agent according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of: S1: Mix dolomite powder, smoky quartz powder, bentonite, silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, and synergist thoroughly and evenly, dry, and control the moisture content to within 5 wt% to obtain a premix. S2: Mix the microbial agent and premix agent evenly again to obtain a mineral-derived acidic soil amendment agent.

9. The application of the mineral-derived acid soil amendment microbial agent as described in any one of claims 1-7 in the improvement of acid soil.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The application method includes the following steps: the mineral-derived acidic soil conditioner is tilled into the soil at a rate of 100-200 kg / mu.

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