H-shaped vertical axis wind turbine and flow control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an H-shaped vertical-axis wind driven generator and a flow control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of vertical-axis wind driven generators, the H-shaped vertical-axis wind driven generator comprises a main rotating shaft, an air supply device, a connecting rod, blades, an air supply pipeline and a jet exciter; a hollow gas channel is formed in the main rotating shaft, and two gas channel separation mechanisms are arranged on the main rotating shaft; the air supply device is coaxially and hermetically connected with the top of the main rotating shaft; the two ends of the connecting rod are connected with the air channel separation mechanism and the blades, and a flow channel communicating with the air channel separation mechanism is arranged in the connecting rod. The air supply pipeline is communicated with the flow channel; the jet exciter comprises an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is communicated with the air supply pipeline, and the outlet extends out of the blade surface and is communicated with the external airflow environment. Sweeping jet flow of an outlet interacts with incoming wind flow outside the blade to form spanwise vortex, so that separated airflow is attached to the surface of the blade again, dynamic stall of the blade is restrained, lift enhancement and drag reduction are achieved, and the power generation efficiency of the wind driven generator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vertical axis wind turbine technology, and more particularly to an H-type vertical axis wind turbine and its flow control method. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the global energy structure transitioning towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy, wind power, as one of the core technologies in the renewable energy field, has received widespread attention for its development and application. Among them, the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, due to its advantages such as simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, and strong adaptability to wind direction, has significant application potential in scenarios such as distributed generation and urban low-altitude wind energy utilization, becoming an important research direction in the field of wind turbine technology. As the core aerodynamic component of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, the blades' aerodynamic performance directly determines the overall power generation efficiency, operational stability, and service life of the turbine. During the operating cycle of a wind turbine, the relative velocity direction and magnitude between the blades and the incoming wind continuously change with the azimuth angle, causing the blade angle of attack to fluctuate dynamically. This induces dynamic stall in the blades, resulting in severe flow separation on the suction surface of the blades and the formation of large-area separation vortices. This flow separation directly leads to two core problems: first, a sharp decrease in blade lift and a significant increase in drag, resulting in a substantial reduction in the turbine's output power and an inability to generate stable power; second, the periodic shedding of separation vortices generates alternating aerodynamic loads on the blade surface, causing blade vibration and structural fatigue, shortening the blade's service life, and exacerbating overall noise pollution, thus limiting the application of wind turbines in sensitive areas such as residential areas.

[0003] To address these issues, existing technologies often employ flow separation control methods such as altering the local shape of the blades and installing leading-edge slats. These methods can improve the flow separation problem of blades to some extent, but they suffer from drawbacks such as complex structure, high energy consumption, and slow response speed, which limits their widespread application in practice. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes an H-type vertical axis wind turbine and its flow control method to solve the technical problems of existing flow separation control methods mentioned in the background art, which have the disadvantages of complex structure, high energy consumption and slow response speed, thus limiting their promotion in practical applications.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an H-type vertical axis wind turbine, comprising a main shaft, an air supply device, a connecting rod, blades, an air supply pipe, and a jet exciter, wherein: The main shaft has a hollow gas channel inside, and two gas channel separation mechanisms are provided on the main shaft. The air supply device is coaxially and sealed to the top of the main rotating shaft; The connecting rod is provided in two sets, and each set of the connecting rod is provided with at least two connecting rods. The at least two connecting rods in each set are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main rotating shaft. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the airway separation mechanism, and the other end is connected to the blade. The connecting rod is provided with a flow channel and the flow channel is connected to the airway separation mechanism. The air supply pipe is installed inside the blade and is connected to the flow channel; The jet exciter is installed inside the blade. The jet exciter includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the air supply pipe. The outlet extends out of the blade surface and is connected to the external airflow environment. The swept jet generated by the outlet interacts with the incoming airflow outside the blade to form a spanwise vortex. The spanwise vortex enables the separated airflow to reattach to the blade surface.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the jet exciter further includes a mixing chamber, a first baffle, and a second baffle. The mixing chamber is provided with a first throat connecting the inlet and a second throat connecting the outlet. The first baffle and the second baffle are symmetrically arranged in the mixing chamber to divide the mixing chamber into a first feedback channel, a mixing channel, and a second feedback channel. The airflows of the first feedback channel and the second feedback channel interact in the mixing channel, causing the jet at the outlet to sweep periodically.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the mixing channel expands along the inlet to the outlet direction at an expansion angle of 40°.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the angle between the axis of symmetry of the jet exciter and the vertical direction of the blade chord length is 20°, and the swing angle of the swept jet at the outlet is 100°.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the jet exciter is installed at a position 11.5% of the chord length away from the leading edge of the blade.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the jet exciter is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple jet exciters are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the blade.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the blade is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with an interface, the air supply end of the air supply pipe is inserted into the interface and communicates with the flow channel, and the end of the connecting rod away from the air channel separation mechanism is provided with a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is sealed to the mounting seat.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, the gas supply device includes a gas supply body, a gas supply motor, a turntable, a transmission rod, a piston, a cylinder chamber, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve; the gas supply body has a sealed chamber, and an intake port is provided at one end of the sealed chamber away from the cylinder chamber; the gas supply motor is mounted on the gas supply body, and the output shaft of the gas supply motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the turntable; one end of the transmission rod is hinged to the turntable, and the other end is hinged to the piston; the piston is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the cylinder chamber; the cylinder chamber is located within the gas supply body; the intake valve is located at the intake port; the exhaust valve is connected to the exhaust port of the cylinder chamber, and the exhaust port of the exhaust valve is connected to the gas passage.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, preferably, each set of connecting rods has three connecting rods, the included angle between two adjacent connecting rods of the three connecting rods is 120°, and the airway separation mechanism has three branch pipes, one end of which is connected to the gas channel and the other end is connected to the flow channel.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a flow control method for an H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in the first aspect, comprising: The gas is sequentially transmitted to the jet exciter through the gas channel of the main rotating shaft, the gas separation mechanism, the flow channel of the connecting rod, and the gas supply pipe via the gas supply device. The swept jet emitted from the outlet of the jet exciter interacts with the incoming airflow outside the blades, thereby continuously generating spanwise vortices. The spanwise vortex disrupts the external separation shear layer of the blade, and under the strong entrainment effect, it continuously draws the high-energy airflow outside the blade into the blade separation zone, causing the separated airflow to reattach to the blade surface, thus achieving control over the blade flow separation process. By adjusting the air supply pressure of the air supply device, the intensity of the swept jet is controlled, thereby changing the airflow separation state on the blade surface and thus controlling the lift and drag coefficient of the blade.

[0015] The H-type vertical axis wind turbine and its flow control method of the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art: (1) The sweeping jet generated by the outlet of the jet exciter interacts with the incoming airflow outside the blade to form a spanwise vortex. The spanwise vortex can cause the separated airflow to reattach to the blade surface, suppress the dynamic stall of the blade, achieve lift increase and drag reduction, improve aerodynamic performance, and improve the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. Moreover, the air supply device can adjust the air supply pressure according to the changes in the blade angle of attack and flow state, thereby dynamically controlling the jet intensity of the jet exciter and accurately suppressing airflow separation. (2) The first baffle and the second baffle are symmetrically arranged in the mixing cavity to divide the mixing cavity into a first feedback channel, a mixing channel and a second feedback channel. The airflow of the first feedback channel and the second feedback channel interacts in the mixing channel, so that the jet at the outlet sweeps periodically. (3) The gas flows through the mixing channel from the inlet to the outlet at an angle of 40°. When the gas enters the mixing chamber, part of the gas flows back through the first feedback channel and acts on the first baffle. At the same time, part of the gas flows back through the second feedback channel and acts on the second baffle. This makes the interaction between the gas flow in the first feedback channel and the second feedback channel better. This allows the phase angle of the jet at the outlet to vary from 0 to 360° within one oscillation cycle. This improves the ability of the spanwise vortex to destroy the shear layer on the outside of the blade, and allows more of the separated gas flow to reattach to the blade surface. (4) The angle between the axis of symmetry of the jet exciter and the vertical direction of the chord length is 20°, and the swing angle of the swept jet at the outlet is 100°, so as to ensure that the contact area between the jet generated by the jet exciter and the external airflow of the blade is larger and the force is greater, which can form a continuous spanwise vortex. (5) The turntable is driven to rotate by the gas supply motor, thereby driving the piston to make linear reciprocating motion along the cylinder cavity through the transmission rod. When the piston moves away from the main rotating shaft, the pressure inside the cylinder cavity decreases, the intake valve opens, and the exhaust valve closes at the same time. External gas enters the cylinder cavity through the intake valve. When the piston moves closer to the main rotating shaft, the pressure inside the cylinder cavity increases, the intake valve closes, and the exhaust valve opens at the same time. The gas inside the cylinder cavity enters the gas passage inside the main rotating shaft through the exhaust valve, and enters the gas supply pipe inside the blade through the flow channel inside the connecting rod. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 AA section view in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present inventionFigure 3 BB section view in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the jet exciter and air supply pipe inside the blade in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply device, main shaft and connecting rod in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main rotating shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the gas supply device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 CC cross-section view in the middle; Figure 10 The following are schematic diagrams of the structure and sweeping principle of the jet exciter in the embodiments of the present invention: (a) when the phase angle is 0°, (b) when the phase angle is 90°, and (c) when the phase angle is 180°. Figure 11 The following are instantaneous streamline diagrams of the jet exciter in the embodiments of the present invention at typical moments: (a) when the phase angle is 0°, (b) when the phase angle is 90°, and (c) when the phase angle is 180°. Figure 12 The following are instantaneous streamline diagrams before and after swept jet control when the blade angle of attack is 15° in the embodiment of the present invention: (a) swept jet control flow, (b) basic flow. Figure 13 The following are instantaneous streamline diagrams before and after swept jet control when the blade angle of attack is 20° in an embodiment of the present invention: (a) swept jet control flow, (b) basic flow. Figure 14 The following are instantaneous streamline diagrams before and after swept jet control when the blade angle of attack is 25° in an embodiment of the present invention: (a) swept jet control flow, (b) basic flow. Figure 15 The following is a comparison of lift and drag coefficients before and after sweeping jet control when the blade angle of attack is 15°, 20°, and 25° in the embodiments of the present invention: (a) lift coefficient, (b) drag coefficient. Figure 16 This is an instantaneous streamline diagram of the generation and development process of spanwise vortices induced by the jet exciter in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating the flow control method for an H-type vertical axis wind turbine in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Main shaft, 2-Air supply device, 3-Connecting rod, 4-Blade, 5-Air supply pipe, 6-Jet exciter, 7-First fixing bolt, 8-Second fixing bolt; 11-Gas passage, 12-Gas separation mechanism, 121-Branch pipe, 13-First flange; 21-Air supply body, 211-Sealed chamber, 2111-Air inlet, 212-Second flange, 22-Air supply motor, 23-Turntable, 24-Transmission rod, 25-Piston, 26-Cylinder chamber, 27-Intake valve, 28-Exhaust valve, 29-Air supply power supply; 31-Connector; 41-Mounting base, 411-Interface, 412-Mounting hole; 61-Inlet, 62-Outlet, 63-Mixing cavity, 631-First feedback channel, 632-Mixing channel, 633-Second feedback channel, 634-First throat, 635-Second throat, 64-First baffle, 65-Second baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. Additionally, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0025] The technical solution will now be explained in detail: It should be noted in advance that the blade 4 used in this embodiment is of the NACA series. NACA is short for National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, which refers to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics in the United States. The specific model is NACA0018. The thickness of blade 4 is 18% of the chord length c, and the maximum thickness is located at 30% of the chord length c.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-16 As shown, a first aspect of the present invention provides an H-type vertical axis wind turbine, comprising a main shaft 1, an air supply device 2, a connecting rod 3, blades 4, an air supply pipe 5, and a jet exciter 6, wherein: The main rotating shaft 1 has a hollow gas channel 11 inside, through which gas is arranged along the axial direction. The main rotating shaft 1 is provided with two gas channel separation mechanisms 12, which are connected to the gas channel 11. The main rotating shaft 1 is vertically arranged and has a first flange 13 at the top. The gas supply device 2 is coaxially and sealed to the top of the main shaft 1 and is connected to the gas passage 11; the bottom of the gas supply device 2 is provided with a second flange 212, and the first flange 13 and the second flange 212 are connected by the first fixing bolt 7 to achieve a coaxial and sealed connection between the gas supply device 2 and the top of the main shaft 1. The connecting rod 3 is provided in two sets, and each set of connecting rod 3 is provided with at least two connecting rods 3. The at least two connecting rods 3 in each set are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main rotating shaft 1. One end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the airway separation mechanism 12, and the other end is connected to the blade 4. The connecting rod 3 is provided with a flow channel and the flow channel is connected to the airway separation mechanism 12. The gas supply pipe 5 is installed inside the blade 4 and is connected to the flow channel; The jet exciter 6 is installed inside the blade 4. The jet exciter 6 includes an inlet 61 and an outlet 62. The inlet 61 is connected to the air supply pipe 5, and the outlet 62 extends to protrude from the surface of the blade 4 and is connected to the external airflow environment. The sweeping jet generated by the outlet 62 interacts with the external airflow of the blade 4 to form a spanwise vortex. The spanwise vortex enables the separated airflow to reattach to the surface of the blade 4.

[0027] It should be noted that when the incoming wind blows from the left side of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, the relative velocity direction and magnitude between blade 4 and the incoming wind will continuously change with the azimuth angle, causing the angle of attack of blade 4 to be in a dynamic fluctuation state. This induces dynamic stall of blade 4, resulting in severe flow separation of the airflow on the suction surface of blade 4, forming a large-area separation vortex. After the jet exciter 6 is turned on, the swept jet at the outlet 62 will interact with the incoming wind outside blade 4, thereby continuously generating spanwise vortices. The spanwise vortices destroy the external separation shear layer of blade 4, and under the action of strong entrainment effect, the high-energy airflow outside blade 4 is continuously entrained into the separation zone of blade 4, effectively changing the airflow adhesion characteristics on the surface of blade 4, so that the separated airflow re-attaches to the surface of blade 4, thereby achieving control of the flow separation process of blade 4.

[0028] The H-type vertical axis wind turbine proposed in this embodiment generates a spanwise vortex through the interaction between the swept jet generated by the outlet 62 of the jet exciter 6 and the incoming airflow outside the blade 4. The spanwise vortex enables the separated airflow to reattach to the surface of the blade 4, suppressing the dynamic stall of the blade 4, achieving increased lift and reduced drag, improving aerodynamic performance, and enhancing the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. Furthermore, the air supply device 2 can adjust the air supply pressure according to the changes in the angle of attack and flow state of the blade 4, thereby dynamically controlling the jet intensity of the jet exciter 6 and precisely suppressing airflow separation.

[0029] In some embodiments, the jet actuator 6 further includes a mixing chamber 63, a first baffle 64, and a second baffle 65. The mixing chamber 63 has a first throat 634 communicating with an inlet 61 and a second throat 635 communicating with an outlet 62. The first baffle 64 and the second baffle 65 are symmetrically arranged in the mixing chamber 63 to divide the mixing chamber 63 into a first feedback channel 631, a mixing channel 632, and a second feedback channel 633. The airflows in the first feedback channel 631 and the second feedback channel 633 interact in the mixing channel 632, causing the jet at the outlet 62 to sweep periodically. The structure of the jet actuator 6 is strictly symmetrical, with the first feedback channel 631 and the second feedback channel 633 symmetrical about the central axis of the mixing chamber 63. The first feedback channel 631 and the second feedback channel 633 are directly connected to the mixing channel 632. After entering through the gas supply pipe 5, the main jet sequentially passes through inlet 61, first throat 634, mixing channel 632, second throat 635, and outlet 62. When the gas flows into the mixing channel 632, part of the airflow returns through the first feedback channel 631 and acts on the first baffle 64, causing the main jet to deflect to the right. Simultaneously, part of the airflow returns through the second feedback channel 633 and acts on the second baffle 65, causing the main jet to deflect to the left. Through the interaction of the airflows in the first and second feedback channels 631 and 633, the jet at outlet 62 is periodically swept. The starting point of the swept jet is defined as φ=0, and φ is called the phase angle of the swept jet. The phase angle varies from 0 to 360° within one oscillation cycle of the swept jet. The diameter of the second throat 635 is defined as D. t The instantaneous streamline changes during the sweeping jet oscillation process show results that are completely consistent with the theoretical sweeping mechanism.

[0030] In some embodiments, the mixing channel 632 expands along the inlet 61 towards the outlet 62 at an expansion angle of 40°. This configuration allows for better airflow interaction between the first and second feedback channels 631 and the second feedback channel 633. This results in a phase angle variation of 0-360° for the jet at outlet 62 within one oscillation cycle, enhancing the spanwise vortex's ability to disrupt the external shear layer of the blade 4 and allowing more of the separated airflow to reattach to the blade 4 surface.

[0031] In some embodiments, the angle between the axis of symmetry of the jet actuator 6 and the vertical direction of the chord length is 20°, and the oscillation angle of the swept jet at the outlet 62 is 100°. By setting the above parameters, it is ensured that the contact area between the jet generated by the jet actuator 6 and the incoming airflow outside the blade 4 is larger, the force is greater, and a continuous spanwise vortex can be formed.

[0032] In some embodiments, the jet exciter 6 is installed at a position 11.5% of the chord length from the leading edge of the blade 4. By setting the installation position of the jet exciter 6, the jet exciter 6 can ensure installation strength while allowing the jet at the outlet 62 to contact the external flow of the blade 4 as early as possible, so that the position of the spanwise vortex generation is as close as possible to the leading edge of the blade 4, thereby improving the destructive ability of the external separation shear layer of the blade 4.

[0033] In some embodiments, multiple jet actuators 6 are provided, and the multiple jet actuators 6 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the blade 4. For example Figure 5 As shown, there are 16 jet exciters 6, which are evenly distributed along the length of the blade 4. Every 8 jet exciters 6 are connected to one air supply pipe 5. The air supply ends of the two air supply pipes 5 are connected to the two air passage separation mechanisms 12 through the flow channel in the connecting rod 3.

[0034] In some embodiments, the blade 4 is provided with a mounting base 41, and the mounting base 41 is provided with an interface 411. The air supply end of the air supply pipe 5 is inserted into the interface 411 and communicates with the flow channel. The end of the connecting rod 3 away from the air channel separation mechanism 12 is provided with a connecting seat 31, and the connecting seat 31 is sealed to the mounting base 41. The mounting base 41 is integrally formed with the blade 4, and the mounting base 41 is provided with a mounting hole 412. The second fixing bolt 8 passes through the through hole of the connecting seat 31 at the end of the connecting rod 3 and is threaded to the mounting hole 412 to realize the detachable connection between the connecting seat 31 and the mounting base 41.

[0035] In some embodiments, the air supply device 2 includes an air supply body 21, an air supply motor 22, a turntable 23, a transmission rod 24, a piston 25, a cylinder chamber 26, an intake valve 27, and an exhaust valve 28. The air supply body 21 has a sealed chamber 211, and an intake port 2111 is provided at one end of the sealed chamber 211 away from the cylinder chamber 26. The air supply motor 22 is mounted on the air supply body 21, and the output shaft of the air supply motor 22 is coaxially fixedly connected to the turntable 23. One end of the transmission rod 24 is hinged to the turntable 23, and the other end is hinged to the piston 25. The piston 25 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the cylinder chamber 26. The cylinder chamber 26 is located inside the air supply body 21. The intake valve 27 is provided at the intake port 2111. The exhaust valve 28 is connected to the exhaust port of the cylinder chamber 26, and the exhaust port of the exhaust valve 28 is connected to the gas passage 11. The air supply device 2 also includes an air supply power source 29, which is electrically connected to the air supply motor 22 and is used to supply power to the air supply motor 22. The air supply motor 22 drives the turntable 23 to rotate, thereby driving the piston 25 to move linearly back and forth along the cylinder chamber 26 through the transmission rod 24. When the piston 25 moves away from the main rotating shaft 1, the pressure inside the cylinder chamber 26 decreases, the intake valve 27 opens, and the exhaust valve 28 closes. External gas enters the cylinder chamber 26 through the intake valve 27. When the piston 25 moves closer to the main rotating shaft 1, the pressure inside the cylinder chamber 26 increases, the intake valve 27 closes, and the exhaust valve 28 opens. The gas inside the cylinder chamber 26 enters the gas passage 11 inside the main rotating shaft 1 through the exhaust valve 28, and enters the air supply pipe 5 inside the blade 4 through the flow channel inside the connecting rod 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, each set of connecting rods 3 has three connecting rods 3, and the included angle between any two adjacent connecting rods 3 is 120°. The airway separation mechanism 12 has three branch pipes 121, one end of which is connected to the gas channel 11, and the other end is connected to the flow channel. The three branch pipes 121 extend to the side of the main rotating shaft 1 at an included angle of 120° and are connected to the flow channel inside the corresponding connecting rod 3. The flow channel inside the connecting rod 3 is connected to the interface 411 inside the mounting base 41, and the interface 411 inside the mounting base 41 is sealed and connected to one end of the gas supply pipe 5.

[0037] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15As shown, when the angle of attack of blade 4 is 15°, 20°, and 25°, the instantaneous streamline diagrams of the basic flow under the sweeping jet control method of this invention and the uncontrolled flow are compared. Here, c is the chord length of blade 4. It can be clearly seen that under uncontrolled conditions, as the angle of attack increases, the flow separation on the upper surface of blade 4 becomes increasingly severe, and the separation zone continuously expands, leading to a decrease in lift coefficient and an increase in drag coefficient. After adopting sweeping jet control, the interaction between the sweeping jet and the external crossflow of blade 4 significantly enhances the boundary layer energy and effectively suppresses flow separation. At an angle of attack of 15°, the control... The separation zone is significantly reduced, the flow structure is more stable, the lift coefficient increases by 14%, and the drag coefficient decreases by 24%. At a 20° angle of attack, the swept jet further suppresses the separation tendency, causing the separation point to shift backward, increasing the lift coefficient by 28% and decreasing the drag coefficient by 24%. At a 25° angle of attack, although flow separation is difficult to completely avoid, the scale and intensity of the controlled separation are far lower than in the uncontrolled case, with the lift coefficient increasing by 22% and the drag coefficient decreasing by 29%. This fully demonstrates that the present invention can effectively improve the flow characteristics of blade 4 and enhance aerodynamic performance under different stall conditions.

[0038] like Figure 16 As shown, due to the special internal structure of the jet exciter 6, the jet direction changes continuously. Under the induction of the internal periodic sweeping jet, spanwise vortices are continuously formed, thereby achieving flow separation control of the blade 4. As the sweeping jet continues to oscillate, the spanwise vortices increase and gradually move towards the trailing edge of the blade 4 from outside the exciter. During this process, the spanwise vortices continuously introduce high-energy airflow from outside into the separation area outside the blade 4, causing the flow to reattach to the surface of the blade 4, thereby effectively controlling flow separation, achieving lift and drag reduction of the blade 4, improving aerodynamic performance, increasing the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine, and further expanding the application scenarios of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine.

[0039] Based on the same concept, combined Figure 17 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention provides a flow control method for an H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in the first aspect embodiment, comprising: Step S1: The gas is sequentially transmitted to the jet exciter 6 through the gas channel 11 of the main rotating shaft 1, the gas separation mechanism 12, the flow channel of the connecting rod 3 and the gas supply pipe 5 via the gas supply device 2. Step S2: The swept jet emitted from the outlet 62 of the jet exciter 6 interacts with the incoming airflow outside the blade 4, thereby continuously generating spanwise vortices. In step S2, after the main jet enters from the gas supply pipe 5, it will pass through the inlet 61, the first throat 634, the mixing channel 632, the second throat 635 and the outlet 62 in sequence. When the gas flows into the mixing channel 632, part of the airflow flows back through the first feedback channel 631 and acts on the first baffle 64, causing the main jet to deflect to the right. At the same time, part of the airflow flows back through the second feedback channel 633 and acts on the second baffle 65, causing the main jet to deflect to the left. Through the interaction of the airflow in the first feedback channel 631 and the second feedback channel 633, the periodic sweeping of the jet at the outlet 62 is achieved. Step S3: The spanwise vortex disrupts the external separation shear layer of blade 4, and under the strong entrainment effect, the high-energy airflow outside blade 4 is continuously entrained into the separation zone of blade 4, so that the separated airflow re-attaches to the surface of blade 4, thereby achieving control of the flow separation process of blade 4. Step S4: By adjusting the air supply pressure of the air supply device 2, the intensity of the swept jet is controlled, thereby changing the airflow separation state on the surface of the blade 4 and thus controlling the drag coefficient of the blade 4.

[0040] In step S4, the air supply device 2 can adjust the air supply pressure according to the changes in the angle of attack of the blade 4 and the flow state, thereby dynamically controlling the jet intensity of the jet exciter 6 and accurately suppressing airflow separation.

[0041] The flow control method for the H-type vertical axis wind turbine proposed in this embodiment uses the sweeping jet generated by the outlet 62 of the jet exciter 6 to interact with the incoming airflow outside the blade 4 to form a spanwise vortex. The spanwise vortex enables the separated airflow to reattach to the surface of the blade 4, suppressing the dynamic stall of the blade 4, achieving increased lift and reduced drag, improving aerodynamic performance, and enhancing the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. Furthermore, the air supply device 2 can adjust the air supply pressure according to the changes in the angle of attack and flow state of the blade 4, thereby dynamically controlling the jet intensity of the jet exciter 6 and precisely suppressing airflow separation.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An H-type vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that, It includes a main shaft, an air supply device, a connecting rod, blades, an air supply pipe, and a jet exciter, wherein: The main shaft has a hollow gas channel inside, and two gas channel separation mechanisms are provided on the main shaft. The air supply device is coaxially and sealed to the top of the main rotating shaft; The connecting rod is provided in two sets, and each set of the connecting rod is provided with at least two connecting rods. The at least two connecting rods in each set are evenly distributed along the circumference of the main rotating shaft. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the airway separation mechanism, and the other end is connected to the blade. The connecting rod is provided with a flow channel and the flow channel is connected to the airway separation mechanism. The air supply pipe is installed inside the blade and is connected to the flow channel; The jet exciter is installed inside the blade. The jet exciter includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the air supply pipe. The outlet extends out of the blade surface and is connected to the external airflow environment. The swept jet generated by the outlet interacts with the incoming airflow outside the blade to form a spanwise vortex. The spanwise vortex enables the separated airflow to reattach to the blade surface.

2. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The jet exciter further includes a mixing chamber, a first baffle, and a second baffle. The mixing chamber has a first throat connecting the inlet and a second throat connecting the outlet. The first baffle and the second baffle are symmetrically arranged in the mixing chamber to divide the mixing chamber into a first feedback channel, a mixing channel, and a second feedback channel. The airflows of the first feedback channel and the second feedback channel interact in the mixing channel, causing the jet at the outlet to sweep periodically.

3. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine generator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mixing channel expands from the inlet to the outlet at an angle of 40°.

4. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the axis of symmetry of the jet exciter and the vertical direction of the blade chord is 20°, and the swing angle of the swept jet at the outlet is 100°.

5. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine generator as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The jet exciter is installed at a position 11.5% of the chord length from the leading edge of the blade.

6. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine generator as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The jet exciter is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple jet exciters are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the blade.

7. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blade is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with an interface, the air supply end of the air supply pipe is inserted into the interface and communicates with the flow channel, and the end of the connecting rod away from the air channel separation mechanism is provided with a connecting seat, the connecting seat being sealed to the mounting seat.

8. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air supply device includes an air supply body, an air supply motor, a turntable, a transmission rod, a piston, a cylinder chamber, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve. The air supply body has a sealed chamber, with an air inlet at one end of the sealed chamber away from the cylinder chamber. The air supply motor is mounted on the air supply body, and its output shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to the turntable. One end of the transmission rod is hinged to the turntable, and the other end is hinged to the piston. The piston is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the cylinder chamber. The cylinder chamber is located within the air supply body. The intake valve is located at the intake port. The exhaust valve is connected to the exhaust port of the cylinder chamber, and its outlet is connected to the gas passage.

9. The H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of connecting rods has three connecting rods, and the included angle between any two adjacent connecting rods is 120°. The airway separation mechanism has three branch pipes, one end of which is connected to the gas channel and the other end of which is connected to the flow channel.

10. A flow control method for an H-type vertical axis wind turbine as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The gas is sequentially transmitted to the jet exciter through the gas channel of the main rotating shaft, the gas separation mechanism, the flow channel of the connecting rod, and the gas supply pipe via the gas supply device. The swept jet emitted from the outlet of the jet exciter interacts with the incoming airflow outside the blades, thereby continuously generating spanwise vortices. The spanwise vortex disrupts the external separation shear layer of the blade, and under the strong entrainment effect, it continuously draws the high-energy airflow outside the blade into the blade separation zone, causing the separated airflow to reattach to the blade surface, thus achieving control over the blade flow separation process. By adjusting the air supply pressure of the air supply device, the intensity of the swept jet is controlled, thereby changing the airflow separation state on the blade surface and thus controlling the lift and drag coefficient of the blade.

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