A multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passage drill pipe

Abstract

The application provides a multi-stage water braid device for a multi-fluid channel drill rod, which comprises a first water braid shaft, a first sealing assembly, a second sealing assembly and a plurality of second water braid shafts, a first end of one of the second water braid shafts is coaxially sleeved on the first water braid shaft, first ends of the rest of the second water braid shafts are arranged in a coaxial nesting mode, the first sealing assembly is arranged at a first end of the first water braid shaft and has a first fluid interface, the first fluid interface is in communication with a first-stage fluid flow channel, the second sealing assembly is arranged at a connection between the first water braid shaft and the second water braid shaft and a connection between one of the second water braid shafts and another of the second water braid shafts and has a second fluid interface, and the second fluid interface is in communication with a second-stage fluid flow channel. The multi-stage water braid device realizes independent and sealed delivery of the multi-fluid channel and improves the safety and reliability of the water braid device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling technology, and more specifically, to a multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipes. Background Technology

[0002] The water braid is a crucial component connecting the drill pipe to the external fluid supply system. Its function is to accurately deliver external fluids to the drill pipe's fluid channels, ensuring a tight seal and stability during delivery. Most water braid structures in related technologies are designed for single-fluid-channel drill pipes and cannot be directly used in multi-fluid-channel drill pipes. In practical applications, directly connecting existing single-channel water braids to multi-fluid-channel drill pipes presents numerous problems: for example, the inability to accurately distribute different fluids can lead to mixing or delivery errors, affecting drilling performance; the sealing structures in related technologies also fail to meet the sealing requirements for simultaneous delivery of multiple fluid channels, easily resulting in fluid leakage, wasting resources, and potentially damaging drilling equipment and the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipes. The multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipes realizes independent and sealed delivery of multiple fluid channels within a limited space, which not only overcomes the compatibility defects of traditional single-channel water braids, but also improves safety and reliability through multiple sealing mechanisms.

[0005] The multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A first water braided shaft and a plurality of second water braided shafts, wherein the first end of one of the plurality of second water braided shafts is coaxially sleeved on the first water braided shaft, and the first ends of the remaining plurality of second water braided shafts are arranged in a coaxial nested manner. The first water braided shaft has a primary fluid flow channel, and the second water braided shafts have a secondary fluid flow channel.

[0007] A first sealing assembly and a second sealing assembly are provided. The first sealing assembly is disposed at a first end of the first water braid shaft, and the second end of the first water braid shaft is connected to the drill pipe. The first sealing assembly has a first fluid interface that communicates with the primary fluid flow channel, allowing fluid to be injected into the primary fluid flow channel through the first fluid interface.

[0008] The second sealing assembly is located at the connection between the first water braid shaft and the second water braid shaft, and at the connection between one second water braid shaft and another second water braid shaft. The second end of the second water braid shaft is connected to the drill pipe. The second sealing assembly has a second fluid interface, which is connected to the secondary fluid channel so that fluid can be injected into the secondary fluid channel through the second fluid interface.

[0009] The multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipes in this invention utilizes a coaxial nested design of a first water braid shaft and multiple second water braid shafts to form multiple independent fluid paths (primary flow channels and multiple secondary flow channels) within a limited space. This solves the problem of single-channel water braids being unable to distribute multiple fluids, preventing mixing or mismatch of different fluids during transport and ensuring the accuracy of drilling processes (such as separate injection of drilling fluid, chemical additives, etc.). The first sealing assembly focuses on sealing the primary fluid flow channels to prevent external contaminants from entering or fluid leakage. The second sealing assembly forms multiple sealing barriers at the connections of each water braid shaft, resolving the potential for insufficient sealing when multiple channels are simultaneously transporting fluids. This significantly reduces the risk of fluid leakage, minimizes resource waste, and protects equipment and environmental safety.

[0010] Furthermore, each fluid interface (first and second interfaces) independently corresponds to a specific flow channel, facilitating rapid connection with external supply systems. It supports flexible configuration of different fluid types and flow rates to adapt to complex drilling needs; in case of local seal damage, targeted repairs can be performed directly without overall disassembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first sealing assembly includes a first sealing seat and a first sealing shell, the first sealing seat is disposed at the first end of the first water braid shaft, the first sealing shell is sleeved on the first sealing seat, and the first fluid interface is disposed on the first sealing shell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first sealing assembly further includes a first sealing component, the first sealing component comprising a first elastic element, a first pressure equalizing plate, and a first sealing ring arranged axially along the first water braid shaft.

[0013] One of the first sealing seat and the first sealing shell is provided with a first protrusion, and the other of the first sealing seat and the first sealing shell is provided with a first groove. In the radial direction of the first water braid shaft, the first protrusion and the first groove are arranged correspondingly, and the first protrusion is placed in the first groove. The first sealing component is disposed in the first groove. In the axial direction of the first water braid shaft, the first pressure equalizing plate and the first sealing ring are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the first elastic member, and the first pressure equalizing plate is located on the side of the first sealing ring away from the first elastic member.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first sealing shell further has a first grease inlet, which communicates with the first groove and is used to introduce lubricating grease.

[0015] In some embodiments, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe of the present invention further includes a first edge, a first end of the first edge being connected to a first end of the first water braid shaft, a second end of the first edge abutting against the inner wall of the first sealing shell, the radial dimension of the first edge gradually increasing in the direction from the first water braid shaft to the first edge, and a first buffer zone being defined between the outer wall surface of the first edge, the inner wall surface of the first sealing shell, and the outer wall surface of the first sealing seat.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second sealing assembly includes a second sealing seat and a second sealing shell, the second sealing seat is disposed at the first end of the second water braid shaft, the second sealing shell is sleeved on the second sealing seat, and the second fluid interface is disposed on the second sealing shell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second sealing assembly further includes a second sealing component, the second sealing component comprising a second elastic element, a second pressure equalizing plate, and a second sealing ring arranged axially along the second water braid shaft.

[0018] One of the second sealing seat and the second sealing shell is provided with a second protrusion, and the other of the second sealing seat and the second sealing shell is provided with a second groove. In the radial direction of the second water braid shaft, the second protrusion and the second groove are arranged correspondingly, and the second protrusion is placed in the second groove. The second sealing component is disposed in the second groove. In the axial direction of the second water braid shaft, the second pressure equalizing plate and the second sealing ring are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the second elastic member, and the second pressure equalizing plate is located on the side of the second sealing ring away from the second elastic member.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second sealing shell further has a second grease inlet, which communicates with the second groove and is used to introduce lubricating grease.

[0020] In some embodiments, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe of the present invention further includes a second edge, a first end of the second edge being connected to a second end of the second water braid shaft, the first end of the second edge abutting against the inner wall of the second sealing shell, the radial dimension of the second edge gradually increasing in the direction from the second water braid shaft to the second edge, and a second buffer zone being defined between the outer wall surface of the second edge, the inner wall surface of the second sealing shell, and the outer wall surface of the second sealing seat.

[0021] In some embodiments, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe of the present invention further includes a plurality of bearing assemblies, the bearing assemblies being sleeved between the first sealing shell and the first sealing seat and between the second sealing shell and the second sealing seat. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hidden sealing shell of a multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the water braid shaft of the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged view of point A shown in the diagram.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 100, First buffer zone; 200, Second buffer zone.

[0029] 11. First water braid shaft; 111. Primary fluid flow channel;

[0030] 12. Second water braid shaft; 121. Secondary fluid flow channel;

[0031] 21. First sealing assembly; 211. First fluid interface; 212. First sealing seat; 213. First sealing shell; 214. First protrusion; 215. First groove; 216. First grease inlet; 217. First sealing component; 2171. First elastic element; 2172. First pressure equalizing plate; 2173. First sealing ring.

[0032] 22. Second sealing assembly; 221. Second fluid interface; 222. Second sealing seat; 223. Second sealing shell; 224. Second protrusion; 225. Second groove; 226. Second grease inlet; 227. Second sealing component; 2271. Second elastic element; 2272. Second equalizing plate; 2273. Second sealing ring.

[0033] 31. First edge,

[0034] 32. Second edge,

[0035] 41. Bearing base; 42. Cage; 43. Rivet; 44. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe in this embodiment of the invention includes: a first water braid shaft 11, a first sealing assembly 21, a second sealing assembly 22, and a plurality of second water braid shafts.

[0038] One of the multiple second water braided shafts has its first end coaxially sleeved on the first water braided shaft 11. The first ends of the remaining multiple second water braided shafts are arranged in a coaxial nested manner. The first water braided shaft 11 has a primary fluid flow channel 111, and the second water braided shaft has a secondary fluid flow channel 121. The first sealing assembly 21 is located at the first end of the first water braid shaft 11, and the second end of the first water braid shaft 11 is connected to the drill pipe. The first sealing assembly 21 has a first fluid interface 211, which is connected to the primary fluid channel 111 so that fluid can be injected into the primary fluid channel 111 through the first fluid interface 211. The second sealing assembly 22 is located at the connection between the first water braid shaft 11 and the second water braid shaft, and at the connection between one second water braid shaft and another second water braid shaft. The second end of the second water braid shaft is connected to the drill pipe. The second sealing assembly 22 has a second fluid interface 221, which is connected to the secondary fluid channel 121 so that fluid can be injected into the secondary fluid channel 121 through the second fluid interface 221.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, based on the first water braided shaft 11, multiple second water braided shafts are arranged in a coaxial nesting manner, i.e., a second water braided shaft is nested outside the first water braided shaft 11, and other second water braided shafts are nested outside the second water braided shafts, and so on, with multiple second water braided shafts nested layer by layer to form a compact concentric shaft structure. The first water braided shaft 11 has a primary fluid flow channel 111 inside, and each second water braided shaft has an independent secondary fluid flow channel 121 inside.

[0040] The first sealing assembly 21 is installed at the first end (i.e., the external interface end) of the first water braid shaft 11. It has a first fluid interface 211, which is directly connected to the primary fluid channel 111 for receiving a first type of fluid supplied externally. Second sealing assemblies 22 are distributed at the connection points of the two water braid shafts: either at the connection point between the first water braid shaft 11 and the second water braid shaft, or at the nested connection point of two adjacent second water braid shafts. Each second sealing assembly 22 has a second fluid interface 221, which is connected to the secondary fluid channel 121 of the corresponding second water braid shaft for injecting other types of fluid.

[0041] The first water braid shaft 11 and multiple second water braid shafts are all connected to the drill pipe and can rotate with the drill pipe, so that multiple fluid channels are connected to the drill bit through the drill pipe, thereby facilitating the injection of multiple fluids into the drill bit using multiple fluid channels.

[0042] It is understood that the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe in this embodiment of the invention, through the coaxial nesting design of the first water braid shaft 11 and multiple second water braid shafts, forms multiple independent fluid paths (primary flow channels and multiple secondary flow channels) within a limited space. This solves the problem that a single-channel water braid cannot distribute multiple fluids, avoids mixing or mismatching of different fluids during transportation, and ensures the accuracy of drilling processes (such as injecting drilling fluid, chemical additives, etc. separately). The first sealing component 21 focuses on sealing the primary fluid flow channel 111 to prevent external contaminants from entering or fluid leakage. The second sealing component 22 forms multiple sealing barriers at the connection points of each water braid shaft, solving the hidden danger of insufficient sealing when multiple channels are transported simultaneously. This significantly reduces the risk of fluid leakage, reduces resource waste, and protects equipment and environmental safety.

[0043] Furthermore, each fluid interface (first and second interfaces) independently corresponds to a specific flow channel, facilitating rapid connection with external supply systems. It supports flexible configuration of different fluid types and flow rates to adapt to complex drilling needs; in case of local seal damage, targeted repairs can be performed directly without overall disassembly.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first sealing assembly 21 includes a first sealing seat 212 and a first sealing shell 213. The first sealing seat 212 is disposed at the first end of the first water braid shaft 11, the first sealing shell 213 is sleeved on the first sealing seat 212, and the first fluid interface 211 is disposed on the first sealing shell 213.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the first sealing seat 212 is sleeved on the left end of the first water braid shaft 11, the first sealing shell 213 is adapted to the first sealing seat 212, and the first fluid interface 211 is located on the left end face of the first sealing shell 213. Preferably, the first sealing seat 212 and the first water braid shaft 11 are integrally formed.

[0046] Understandably, by designing the first sealing shell 213 and the first sealing seat 212 separately, and placing the interface on the shell, the problem of rotary dynamic sealing is successfully transformed into a separate treatment of static sealing and rotary sealing. The first sealing seat 212 rotates synchronously with the first water braid shaft 11, while the first sealing shell 213 is stationary or relatively stationary relative to it, and the contact surface between the two forms the main sealing surface. The connection between the first sealing shell 213 and the first sealing seat 212 can provide an independent, robust, and efficient sealing and interface unit for the primary fluid flow channel 111, ensuring the absolute reliability and high pressure resistance of the delivery of the most important fluid (such as the main drilling fluid).

[0047] In some embodiments, the first sealing assembly 21 further includes a first sealing component 217, which includes a first elastic member 2171, a first pressure equalizing plate 2172, and a first sealing ring 2173 arranged axially along the first water braid shaft 11. One of the first sealing seat 212 and the first sealing shell 213 is provided with a first protrusion 214, and the other of the first sealing seat 212 and the first sealing shell 213 is provided with a first groove 215. In the radial direction of the first water braid shaft 11, the first protrusion 214 is arranged correspondingly to the first groove 215, and the first protrusion 214 is placed in the first groove 215. The first sealing component 217 is disposed in the first groove 215. In the axial direction of the first water braid shaft 11, the first pressure equalizing plate 2172 and the first sealing ring 2173 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the first elastic member 2171, and the first pressure equalizing plate 2172 is located on the side of the first sealing ring 2173 away from the first elastic member 2171.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, one of the first sealing seat 212 and the first sealing shell 213 is provided with an annular first groove 215, and the other is provided with a corresponding annular first protrusion 214. After assembly, the first protrusion 214 is embedded in the first groove 215, and the two are correspondingly engaged in the radial direction of the first water braid shaft 11 to form a compact sealing chamber. The first sealing component 217 is placed entirely in the first groove 215.

[0049] The first sealing component 217 is a sealing module composed of a first elastic element 2171, a first pressure equalizing plate 2172, and a first sealing ring 2173. There are two first pressure equalizing plates 2172 and two first sealing rings 2173. The two first pressure equalizing plates 2172 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first elastic element 2171, and the two second sealing rings 2273 are also symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first elastic element 2171. The second sealing rings 2273 are located outside the first pressure equalizing plates 2172 and abut against the sidewall of the first groove 215.

[0050] Understandably, the first elastic element 2171 (such as a spring) provides a continuous axial preload. The first sealing ring 2173 (typically a wear-resistant dynamic sealing ring, such as an engineering plastic or carbon ring) directly bears the sealing pressure. The first pressure equalizing plate 2172 (a rigid or semi-rigid gasket) is located on the side of the sealing ring away from the elastic element. That is, the elastic force of the first elastic element 2171 axially pushes the first sealing ring 2173, and the pressure is evenly transmitted to the sealing ring through the first pressure equalizing plate 2172, so that the sealing ring is tightly pressed against the opposite friction pair (the side of the first protrusion 214), thereby achieving a seal.

[0051] It should be noted that the continuous elastic force provided by the first elastic element 2171 can automatically compensate for the wear of the first sealing ring 2173 during long-term operation, ensuring that the sealing surface always maintains sufficient contact pressure throughout its service life. This solves the problem of rapid failure of traditional fixed seals due to wear, greatly extending the maintenance cycle and service life of the sealing assembly, and is particularly suitable for drilling conditions that require long-term continuous operation.

[0052] The first equalizing plate 2172 is located between the elastic element and the sealing ring. Its key function is to convert the point-like or localized elastic force into a surface pressure that is evenly distributed on the back of the sealing ring. This allows the sealing ring to fit evenly against the friction pair, effectively preventing localized wear (uneven wear) caused by uneven pressure and the resulting leakage channels, thus improving the reliability of the seal.

[0053] Optionally, the first sealing ring 2173 can be a polytetrafluoroethylene O-ring.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first sealing shell 213 further has a first grease inlet 216, which communicates with the first groove 215 and is used to introduce grease.

[0055] It is understandable that, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, by periodically or continuously injecting grease through the first grease inlet 216, an oil film can be formed between the first sealing ring 2173 and the sidewall of the first protrusion 214 (i.e., the dynamic seal friction pair). This oil film can significantly reduce the direct dry friction between the sealing ring and the relatively rotating parts, thus reducing the wear rate. This allows the service life of the sealing components to be extended several times, reducing the replacement frequency and maintenance costs.

[0056] In other words, the injected grease has a certain viscosity and sealing properties, allowing it to fill tiny gaps and potential channels. On one hand, it assists the main sealing ring, forming a second sealing barrier to further prevent leakage of the main fluid. On the other hand, and more importantly, it effectively prevents external contaminants such as mud, rock debris, and moisture from intruding into the sealing area, protecting the first sealing component 217 from damage.

[0057] Preferably, there are multiple first sealing components 217, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the first water braid shaft 11. Correspondingly, there are also multiple first grooves 215 and multiple first protrusions 214, which are arranged one-to-one with the first grooves 215 and the first protrusions 214 in the radial direction of the first water braid shaft 11, and the multiple first grooves 215 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple first sealing components 217. Then there are also multiple first grease inlets 216, which correspond one-to-one with the multiple first grooves 215.

[0058] In other words, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, inside the first sealing assembly 21, multiple sealing points are formed in the axial direction of the first water braid shaft 11 through the cooperation of multiple first sealing components 217 and the first groove 215, which further improves the sealing effect between the first sealing shell 213 and the first sealing seat 212.

[0059] In some embodiments, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe of the present invention further includes a first edge 31, the first end of the first edge 31 being connected to the first end of the first water braid shaft 11, the second end of the first edge 31 abutting against the inner wall of the first sealing shell 213, the radial dimension of the first edge 31 gradually increasing in the direction from the first water braid shaft 11 to the first edge 31, and a first buffer zone 100 defining the outer wall surface of the first edge 31, the inner wall surface of the first sealing shell 213 and the outer wall surface of the first sealing seat 212.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the right end of the first edge 31 is connected to the left end of the first water braid shaft 11, and the left end of the first edge 31 extends toward the left side of the first water braid shaft 11. In the direction from the first water braid shaft 11 to the first edge 31 (i.e., looking to the left from the center of the device), the radial dimension of the first edge 31 gradually increases, forming a trumpet-shaped or conical structure.

[0061] It is understandable that the left end of the first edge 31 abuts against the inner wall of the first sealing shell 213. When liquid is introduced into the primary fluid channel 111, due to the liquid pressure, the liquid may flow from the gap between the first edge 31 and the first sealing shell 213 to the first sealing seat 212. The outer wall of the first edge 31, the inner wall of the first sealing shell 213, and the outer wall of the first sealing seat 212 together define an annular cavity space (i.e., the first buffer zone 100), which can collect a certain amount of liquid, prevent the leaked liquid from flowing directly to the gap between the first sealing seat 212 and the first sealing shell 213, reduce the sealing pressure between the first sealing shell 213 and the first sealing seat 212, and reduce the leakage risk of the first sealing assembly 21.

[0062] In other words, the fluid entering from the first fluid interface 211 first fills the first buffer zone 100 through the gap between the first edge 31 and the first sealing shell 213 before entering the primary fluid flow channel 111 of the first water braid shaft 11. The first buffer zone 100 is the "pre-chamber" before the fluid enters the core flow channel. That is, the fluid entering from the interface, especially high-pressure fluid, may have very high velocity and pressure. As an enlarged cavity, the first buffer zone 100 can effectively reduce the direct impact velocity of the fluid and consume some of its kinetic energy.

[0063] This allows the fluid to flow into the primary fluid channel 111 in a smoother and more stable manner. This "buffer" barrier directly prevents the high-pressure, high-speed fluid from causing frontal impact, pulse erosion, and cavitation damage to the rear first sealing component 217 (elastic element, sealing ring, etc.), greatly extending the service life of the main seal.

[0064] In some embodiments, the second sealing assembly 22 includes a second sealing seat 222 and a second sealing shell 223. The second sealing seat 222 is disposed at the first end of the second water braid shaft, the second sealing shell 223 is sleeved on the second sealing seat 222, and the second fluid interface 221 is disposed on the second sealing shell 223.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the second sealing component 22 can be set at the connection between the first water braid shaft 11 and the second water braid shaft, or it can be set at the connection between the second water braid shaft and the second water braid shaft. The following description takes the connection between the first water braid shaft 11 and the second water braid shaft as an example.

[0066] It is understandable that, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, there are two second sealing seats 222. One second sealing seat 222 is located to the right of the first sealing seat 212 on the first water braid shaft 11, and the other second sealing seat 222 is located at the left end of the second water braid shaft. There are two second sealing shells 223, which are respectively adapted and connected to the second sealing seats 222. Among them, the second sealing shell 223 located on the first water braid shaft 11 and the second sealing shell 223 located on the second water braid shaft define a second fluid interface 221, and the outer peripheral wall of the first water braid shaft 11 and the inner peripheral wall of the second water braid shaft define a secondary fluid flow channel 121. The second fluid interface 221 communicates with the secondary fluid flow channel 121.

[0067] Optionally, the second sealing seat 222 located on the first water braid shaft 11 can be integrally formed with the first water braid shaft 11, and the second sealing seat 222 located on the second water braid shaft can be integrally formed with the second water braid shaft. The structure of the second sealing assembly 22 (sealing seat, sealing shell, fluid interface) can be similar to that of the first sealing assembly 21, forming a modular design. This standardized design reduces manufacturing and inventory costs. When a problem occurs with the seal of a certain layer, the second sealing assembly 22 of that layer can be disassembled and replaced specifically without disassembling the entire multi-stage water braid device, making maintenance very convenient.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second sealing assembly 22 further includes a second sealing component 227. The second sealing component 227 includes a second elastic element 2271, a second pressure equalizing plate 2272, and a second sealing ring 2273 arranged axially along the second water braid shaft. One of the second sealing seat 222 and the second sealing shell 223 is provided with a second protrusion 224, and the other of the second sealing seat 222 and the second sealing shell 223 is provided with a second groove 225. In the radial direction of the second water braid shaft, the second protrusion 224 is arranged correspondingly to the second groove 225, and the second protrusion 224 is placed in the second groove 225. The second sealing component 227 is disposed in the second groove 225. In the axial direction of the second water braid shaft, the second pressure equalizing plate 2272 and the second sealing ring 2273 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the second elastic element 2271, and the second pressure equalizing plate 2272 is located on the side of the second sealing ring 2273 away from the second elastic element 2271.

[0069] It is understood that the second sealing component 227 adopts the same structure as the first sealing component 217, that is, one of the second sealing seat 222 and the second sealing shell 223 is provided with two annular second grooves 225, and the other is provided with a corresponding annular second protrusion 224. After assembly, the second protrusion 224 is embedded in the second groove 225, and the two are correspondingly matched in the radial direction of the second water braid shaft to form two compact sealing chambers. The second sealing component 277 is placed entirely in the second groove 225.

[0070] The second sealing component 227 is a sealing module consisting of two elastic elements 2271, second pressure equalizing plates 2272, and second sealing rings 2273. There are two second pressure equalizing plates 2272 and two sealing rings 2273. The two second pressure equalizing plates 2272 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second elastic element 2271, and the two second sealing rings 2273 are also symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second elastic element 2271. The second sealing rings 2273 are located outside the second pressure equalizing plates 2272 and abut against the sidewall of the second groove 225.

[0071] Understandably, the second elastic element 2271 (such as a spring) provides a continuous axial preload. The second sealing ring 2273 (typically a wear-resistant dynamic sealing ring, such as an engineering plastic or carbon ring) directly bears the sealing pressure. The second equalizing plates 2272 (two rigid or semi-rigid gaskets) are located on the two sides of the sealing ring away from the elastic element. That is, the elastic force of the second elastic element 2271 axially pushes the second sealing ring 2273, and the pressure is evenly transmitted to the sealing ring through the second equalizing plates 2272, so that the sealing ring is tightly pressed against the opposite friction pair (the side of the second protrusion 224), thereby achieving a seal.

[0072] It should be noted that the continuous elastic force provided by the second elastic element 2271 can automatically compensate for the wear of the second sealing ring 2273 during long-term operation, ensuring that the sealing surface always maintains sufficient contact pressure throughout its service life. This solves the problem of rapid failure of traditional fixed seals due to wear, greatly extending the maintenance cycle and service life of the sealing assembly, and is particularly suitable for drilling conditions that require long-term continuous operation.

[0073] The second equalizing plate 2272 is located between the elastic element and the sealing ring. Its key function is to convert the point-like or localized elastic force into two surface pressures evenly distributed on the back of the sealing ring. This allows the sealing ring to fit evenly against the friction pair, effectively preventing localized wear (uneven wear) caused by uneven pressure and the resulting leakage channels, thus improving the reliability of the seal.

[0074] Optionally, the second sealing ring 2273 can be a polytetrafluoroethylene O-ring.

[0075] In some embodiments, the second sealing shell 223 further has a second grease inlet 226, which communicates with the second groove 225 and is used to introduce grease.

[0076] It is understandable that, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, by periodically or continuously injecting grease through the second grease inlet 226, an oil film can be formed between the second sealing ring 2273 and the sidewall of the second protrusion 224 (i.e., the dynamic seal friction pair). This oil film can significantly reduce the direct dry friction between the sealing ring and the relatively rotating parts, thus reducing the wear rate. This allows the service life of the sealing components to be extended several times, reducing the frequency of replacement and maintenance costs.

[0077] In other words, the injected grease has a certain viscosity and sealing properties, allowing it to fill tiny gaps and potential channels. Secondly, it assists the main sealing ring, forming a second sealing barrier to further prevent leakage of the main fluid. More importantly, it effectively prevents external contaminants such as mud, rock debris, and moisture from intruding into the sealing area, protecting the second sealing component 227 from damage.

[0078] Preferably, there are multiple second sealing components 227, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the second water braid shaft. Correspondingly, there are also multiple second grooves 225 and second protrusions 224, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple second protrusions 224 in the radial direction of the second water braid shaft, and the multiple second grooves 225 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple second sealing components 227. There are also multiple second grease inlets 226, which correspond one-to-one with the multiple second grooves 225.

[0079] In other words, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, inside the second sealing assembly 22, multiple sealing points are formed in the axial direction of the second water braid shaft by the cooperation of multiple second sealing components 227 and the second groove 225, which further improves the sealing effect between the second sealing shell 223 and the second sealing seat 222.

[0080] In some embodiments, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe of the present invention further includes a second edge 32, the first end of the second edge 32 being connected to the second end of the second water braid shaft, the first end of the second edge 32 abutting against the inner wall of the second sealing shell 223, the radial dimension of the second edge 32 gradually increasing in the direction from the second water braid shaft to the second edge 32, and a second buffer zone 200 being defined between the outer wall surface of the second edge 32, the inner wall surface of the second sealing shell 223, and the outer wall surface of the second sealing seat 222.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the right end of the second edge 32 is connected to the left end of the second water braid shaft, and the left end of the second edge 32 extends toward the left side of the second water braid shaft. In the direction from the second water braid shaft to the second edge 32 (i.e., looking to the left from the center of the device), the radial dimension of the second edge 32 gradually increases, forming two flared or conical structures.

[0082] It is understandable that the left end of the second edge 32 abuts against the inner wall of the second sealing shell 223. When liquid is introduced into the secondary fluid flow channel 121, due to the liquid pressure, the liquid may flow from the gap between the second edge 32 and the second sealing shell 223 to the second sealing seat 222. The outer wall of the second edge 32, the inner wall of the second sealing shell 223, and the outer wall of the second sealing seat 222 together define two annular cavity spaces (i.e., the second buffer zone 200), which can collect the liquid and prevent the leaked liquid from flowing directly into the gap between the second sealing seat 222 and the second sealing shell 223; or from flowing out from the gap between the second sealing shell 223 and the first water braid shaft 11. Since the second sealing component 22 on the first water braid shaft 11 can prevent the liquid from leaking from this gap, the sealing pressure between the second sealing shell 223 and the second sealing seat 222 is further reduced, and the leakage risk of the second sealing component 22 is reduced.

[0083] In other words, the fluid entering through the second fluid inlet 221 first fills the second buffer zone 200 via the gap between the second edge 32 and the second sealing shell 223, and then enters the secondary fluid flow channel 121 of the second water braid shaft. The second buffer zone 200 is the "pre-chamber" before the fluid enters the core flow channel. That is, the fluid entering from the inlet, especially high-pressure fluid, may have very high velocity and pressure. As two enlarged cavities, the second buffer zone 200 can effectively reduce the direct impact velocity of the fluid and consume some of its kinetic energy.

[0084] This allows the fluid to flow into the secondary fluid channel 121 in a smoother and more stable manner. This "buffer" barrier directly prevents the high-pressure, high-speed fluid from causing frontal impact, pulse erosion, and cavitation damage to the secondary sealing components 227 (elastic elements, sealing rings, etc.), greatly extending the service life of the main seal.

[0085] In some embodiments, the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipe of the present invention further includes multiple bearing assemblies, which are sleeved between the first sealing shell 213 and the first sealing seat 212 and between the second sealing shell 223 and the second sealing seat 222.

[0086] It is understandable that, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the bearing assembly includes a bearing base 41, a cage 42, a rivet 43 and a ball 44. A portion of the first sealing seat 212 and the second sealing seat 222 forms the bearing base 41. The first sealing shell 213 and the second sealing shell 223 are arranged correspondingly to the first sealing seat 212 and the second sealing seat 222, defining an installation space for the bearing assembly. The bearing assembly is located within this installation space.

[0087] In other words, the radial force, axial force, and vibration generated during drilling can be effectively absorbed and transmitted by the bearing assembly. The entire device operates more smoothly, with significantly enhanced resistance to vibration and impact, reducing the risk of seal loosening, fatigue, or structural damage caused by vibration.

[0088] It should be noted that both the first grease injection port 216 and the second grease injection port 226 are equipped with one-way valves, enabling high-pressure grease injection into these spaces. Generally, an injection pressure of 1-5 MPa is sufficient. Since the first edge 31 and the second edge 32 circumferentially form a first buffer zone 100 and a second buffer zone 200, grease injection can be performed only in the spaces adjacent to the first edge 31 and the second edge 32; the other space can be left uninjected. Extreme pressure anti-wear grease can form a protective film on the metal surface, significantly reducing friction and wear.

[0089] The liquid injected through the primary and secondary fluid interfaces is first diverted by the first edge 31 and the second edge 32, respectively. Most of the liquid enters the corresponding fluid channels, but a small amount enters the first buffer zone 100 and the second buffer zone 200. This flow is blocked by the sealing structure of the sealing component, and there is another identical sealing structure behind it. Therefore, this small flow cannot effectively pass through the sealing structure and enter the bearing to overflow the sealing shell. A bearing sealing cover is also provided on the outside of the bearing to prevent liquid and dust from entering the bearing and affecting its operation.

[0090] Therefore, the sealing design of the multi-stage water braid device for multi-fluid channel drill pipes in this embodiment of the invention combines the advantages of both packing shaft seals and mechanical shaft seals, enabling the water braid to form a reliable sealing barrier when multiple fluids are transported simultaneously; effectively preventing fluid leakage, avoiding resource waste, reducing the risk of equipment failure caused by leakage, and ensuring the stable and safe conduct of drilling operations.

[0091] The multi-stage water braided shaft features a nested "convex" structure paired with a "trumpet"-shaped guide plate, which can precisely guide liquids from different fluid channels into their corresponding channels, reducing cross-flow of liquids. Each stage of the sealing cover achieves bidirectional sealing, and the bearing is also equipped with a sealing cover, which extends the service life of the equipment and reduces maintenance costs.

[0092] The water braid structure is reasonably designed and easy to operate. At the drilling site, workers can easily complete the installation and disassembly work, saving time and labor costs. At the same time, its easy maintenance characteristics reduce equipment downtime and improve the overall economic efficiency of drilling operations.

[0093] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0094] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0095] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0096] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0097] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passage drill pipe, characterized by, The application relates to a water whip shaft assembly. The water whip shaft assembly comprises a first water whip shaft and a plurality of second water whip shafts, the second water whip shafts are coaxially sleeved in a radial direction from inside to outside, the first end of the innermost second water whip shaft is sleeved on the first water whip shaft, the first end of each of the rest second water whip shafts is sleeved on the second water whip shaft of the adjacent inner layer, the first water whip shaft has a first fluid flow channel, and the second water whip shaft has a second fluid flow channel. The water whip shaft assembly further comprises a first sealing assembly and a second sealing assembly, the first sealing assembly is arranged at the first end of the first water whip shaft, the second end of the first water whip shaft is connected with a drill rod, the first sealing assembly has a first fluid interface, the first fluid interface is communicated with the first fluid flow channel, and fluid can be injected into the first fluid flow channel through the first fluid interface. The second sealing assembly has a plurality of second fluid interfaces, and each second fluid interface is arranged at the connection between the first water whip shaft and the innermost second water whip shaft or at the connection between one second water whip shaft and another second water whip shaft, the second end of each second water whip shaft is connected with the drill rod, the second sealing assembly has a second fluid interface, the second fluid interface is communicated with the second fluid flow channel, and fluid can be injected into the second fluid flow channel through the second fluid interface.

2. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 1, wherein, The first sealing assembly comprises a first sealing seat and a first sealing shell, the first sealing seat is arranged at the first end of the first water whip shaft, the first sealing shell is sleeved on the first sealing seat, and the first fluid interface is arranged on the first sealing shell.

3. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 2, wherein, The first sealing assembly further comprises a first sealing component, the first sealing component comprises a first elastic member, a first pressure equalizing piece and a first sealing ring arranged in the axial direction of the first water whip shaft, One of the first sealing seat and the first sealing shell is provided with a first protrusion, the other of the first sealing seat and the first sealing shell is provided with a first groove, the first protrusion is arranged in correspondence with the first groove in the radial direction of the first water whip shaft, the first protrusion is arranged in the first groove, the first sealing component is arranged in the first groove, the first pressure equalizing piece and the first sealing ring are arranged on the two sides of the first elastic member in the axial direction of the first water whip shaft, and the first pressure equalizing piece is arranged on the side of the first sealing ring away from the first elastic member.

4. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 3, wherein, The first sealing shell further has a first grease injection port, the first grease injection port is communicated with the first groove, and the first grease injection port is used for injecting lubricating grease.

5. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 4, wherein, The water whip shaft assembly further comprises a first edge, the first end of the first edge is connected with the first end of the first water whip shaft, the second end of the first edge is abutted with the inner wall of the first sealing shell, the radial dimension of the first edge gradually increases in the direction from the first water whip shaft to the first edge, and a first buffer area is defined between the outer wall surface of the first edge, the inner wall surface of the first sealing shell and the outer wall surface of the first sealing seat.

6. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passage drill rod of any one of claims 2-5, wherein, The second sealing assembly comprises a second sealing seat and a second sealing shell, the second sealing seat is arranged at the first end of the second water strand shaft, the second sealing shell is sleeved on the second sealing seat, and the second fluid interface is arranged on the second sealing shell.

7. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 6, wherein, The second sealing assembly further comprises a second sealing component, the second sealing component comprises a second elastic piece, a second pressure equalizing piece and a second sealing ring arranged in the axial direction of the second water strand shaft, One of the second sealing seat and the second sealing shell is provided with a second protrusion, the other of the second sealing seat and the second sealing shell is provided with a second groove, the second protrusion is arranged corresponding to the second groove in the radial direction of the second water strand shaft, the second protrusion is arranged in the second groove, the second sealing component is arranged in the second groove, the second pressure equalizing piece and the second sealing ring are arranged on the two sides of the second elastic piece in the axial direction of the second water strand shaft, and the second pressure equalizing piece is located on the side of the second sealing ring away from the second elastic piece.

8. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 7, wherein, The second sealing shell further has a second grease injection port, the second grease injection port communicates with the second groove, and the second grease injection port is used for passing in lubricating grease.

9. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 8, wherein, Further comprising a second edge, the first end of the second edge is connected with the second end of the second water strand shaft, the first end of the second edge abuts against the inner wall of the second sealing shell, the radial dimension of the second edge gradually increases in the direction from the second water strand shaft to the second edge, and the outer wall surface of the second edge, the inner wall surface of the second sealing shell and the outer wall surface of the second sealing seat define a second buffer zone.

10. The multi-stage water-splint device for a multi-fluid passageway drill rod of claim 9, wherein, Further comprising a plurality of bearing assemblies, the bearing assemblies are sleeved between the first sealing shell and the first sealing seat and between the second sealing shell and the second sealing seat.

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