An energy storage power station thermal management system synergized by immersion phase change and jet flow

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage power station thermal management, and discloses an energy storage power station thermal management system with immersed phase change and jet flow cooperation enhancement. The immersed phase change cooling tank of the system contains energy storage batteries and low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid coolant, so that the batteries are immersed in the tank as a whole; a condensing recovery device is connected with a steam outlet to condense and vaporize medium; a liquid storage distribution unit contains a main liquid storage tank and a special liquid storage tank; the main liquid storage tank is connected with the condensing recovery device, and the special liquid storage tank is connected with the bottom of the tank through an electromagnetic liquid discharge valve; a multilayer jet flow enhancement module comprises top layer, bottom layer and middle layer annular jet flow pipelines; the top layer and the bottom layer are connected with the main liquid storage tank and return flow through a circulating pump; the middle layer is connected with the special liquid storage tank and is driven by a high-pressure pump and is provided with micro high-pressure nozzles; a temperature monitoring array is distributedly arranged to obtain real-time temperature of the battery surface; and a dynamic control center is connected with all the modules. The system realizes efficient and uniform thermal management of the energy storage batteries through phase change and jet flow cooperation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage power station thermal management, in particular to an energy storage power station thermal management system with immersed phase change and jet flow synergy enhancement. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy industry, energy storage power station, as a key facility to stabilize power grid fluctuations and improve energy utilization efficiency, its scale and application range continue to expand. Among them, electrochemical energy storage, with its fast response speed and high regulation accuracy, has become one of the mainstream technologies in the energy storage field. However, the energy storage battery pack will continuously generate a large amount of heat during charging and discharging. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it will cause the internal temperature of the battery pack to rise and be unevenly distributed, thereby causing a series of problems.

[0003] Battery operating temperature is a key factor affecting its performance and safety. When the temperature exceeds the appropriate range, the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery will decrease significantly, and the cycle life will be greatly shortened. More seriously, local high temperature may trigger a thermal runaway chain reaction, causing battery bulging, liquid leakage, and even fire and explosion accidents. Therefore, building an efficient and stable thermal management system is crucial for the safe operation of energy storage power stations.

[0004] In existing energy storage power station thermal management technology, air cooling technology is widely used in the early stage due to its simple structure and low cost. However, due to the low thermal conductivity of air, the heat exchange efficiency is limited, making it difficult to meet the heat dissipation needs of high-power density battery packs. Liquid cooling technology exchanges heat through direct or indirect contact between the battery and the liquid medium, with higher efficiency than air cooling. Non-phase change liquid cooling relies on the forced flow of cooling liquid to remove heat, often requiring large flow and pump power consumption, resulting in high energy consumption and easy occurrence of local heat exchange dead angles.

[0005] Phase change cooling technology utilizes the characteristics of absorbing a large amount of latent heat during the phase change of the cooling liquid, enabling efficient heat exchange at a small flow rate, and gradually attracting attention. However, a single phase change cooling system is prone to heat exchange efficiency decline due to vapor accumulation when facing local sudden high heat of the battery pack, and the stability of cooling liquid circulation and reuse is insufficient. At the same time, traditional thermal management systems lack precise temperature monitoring and dynamic control mechanisms, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the heat dissipation intensity according to the real-time temperature needs of different areas of the battery pack, resulting in a balance between overall heat dissipation performance and energy consumption that is difficult to optimize.

[0006] As the capacity of individual energy storage power stations continues to increase, the power density and integration of battery packs are also rising, placing higher demands on the heat dissipation capacity, uniformity, and intelligence level of thermal management systems. Existing technologies, in terms of efficient heat absorption, precise temperature control, and low-energy operation, are no longer sufficient to meet practical needs. There is an urgent need to develop a new thermal management technology that can achieve a synergistic effect of phase change heat absorption and active enhanced heat dissipation to adapt to the trend of energy storage power stations developing towards higher capacity and higher safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal management system for energy storage power plants that combines immersion phase change and jet enhancement to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a thermal management system for an energy storage power station that combines immersion phase change and jet synergistic enhancement, the system comprising:

[0009] The immersion phase change cooling tank is used to hold the energy storage battery pack and the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid coolant, so that the entire battery pack is immersed in the coolant.

[0010] A condensation recovery device is connected to the steam outlet of the immersion phase change cooling tank and is used to condense and liquefy the vaporized cooling medium.

[0011] The liquid storage and distribution unit includes a main liquid storage tank and a dedicated liquid storage tank. The main liquid storage tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the condensation recovery device, and the dedicated liquid storage tank is connected to the bottom of the immersion phase change cooling tank through an electromagnetic drain valve.

[0012] The multi-layer injection enhancement module includes a top-layer annular injection pipe, a bottom-layer annular injection pipe, and a middle-layer annular injection pipe. The top-layer and bottom-layer annular injection pipes are connected to the main storage tank and the coolant is returned through a circulation pump. The middle-layer annular injection pipe is connected to a dedicated storage tank and driven by a high-pressure pump. The middle-layer annular injection pipe is equipped with miniature high-pressure nozzles.

[0013] A temperature monitoring array is distributed on the surface of the battery pack within the immersion phase change cooling tank to acquire real-time temperature data for each area.

[0014] The dynamic control center is connected to the temperature monitoring array, the multi-layer jet enhancement module, and the condensation recovery device.

[0015] Preferably, the dynamic control center executes:

[0016] Receive real-time temperature data of each region acquired by the temperature monitoring array;

[0017] The real-time temperature data is compared with a preset temperature threshold.

[0018] When the real-time temperature data of a local area is detected to exceed the first temperature threshold, a spray trigger command is generated;

[0019] The injection trigger command is sent to the micro high-pressure nozzle in the corresponding area of ​​the multi-layer injection enhancement module.

[0020] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0021] Establish historical liquid consumption records for different injection modes;

[0022] Based on the injection area location corresponding to the current injection trigger command, match the liquid volume data of adjacent injection stages in the historical liquid consumption record;

[0023] Calculate the liquid volume adjustment coefficient for the current injection stage based on the difference in liquid volume data between adjacent injection stages.

[0024] The output power of the high-pressure pump is adjusted according to the liquid volume adjustment coefficient.

[0025] Preferably, the system further includes:

[0026] A pressure monitoring device is installed in the steam chamber of the immersion phase change cooling tank;

[0027] The dynamic control center receives real-time pressure data acquired by the pressure monitoring device.

[0028] The real-time pressure data is compared with a preset pressure threshold.

[0029] When the real-time pressure data exceeds the first pressure threshold, a condensation enhancement command is generated;

[0030] The condensation enhancement command is sent to the condensation recovery device.

[0031] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0032] Simultaneously acquire real-time temperature data from the temperature monitoring array and real-time pressure data from the pressure monitoring device;

[0033] Calculate the temperature difference offset between the real-time temperature data and the baseline temperature value;

[0034] Calculate the pressure difference offset between the real-time pressure data and the baseline pressure value;

[0035] Based on the coupling relationship between the temperature difference offset and the pressure difference offset, a condensation efficiency correction parameter is generated;

[0036] The operating frequency of the condensation recovery device is adjusted according to the condensation efficiency correction parameter.

[0037] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0038] Continuously monitor the real-time temperature data change trend of the temperature monitoring array;

[0039] When the real-time temperature data of multiple consecutive monitoring points exceeds the second temperature threshold, a full-domain injection command is generated.

[0040] The global injection command is sent to all the micro high-pressure nozzles of the multi-layer injection enhancement module;

[0041] Simultaneously, a condensation overclocking command is generated and sent to the condensation recovery device.

[0042] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0043] Record the rate of liquid level drop after the global injection command is triggered;

[0044] The liquid consumption rate of the dedicated storage tank is predicted based on the liquid level drop rate.

[0045] When the liquid consumption reaches a preset replenishment threshold, a liquid storage switching command is generated;

[0046] The liquid storage switching command controls the opening of the electromagnetic drain valve, which introduces the liquid in the immersion phase change cooling tank into the dedicated liquid storage tank.

[0047] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0048] Obtain liquid temperature distribution data at different depths within the immersion phase change cooling tank;

[0049] Based on the correspondence between the liquid temperature distribution data and the spatial location of the battery pack, a liquid volume allocation strategy is generated;

[0050] The liquid distribution strategy is converted into the flow ratio parameter between the top annular jet pipe and the bottom annular jet pipe;

[0051] The flow divider controller of the circulating pump is adjusted according to the flow ratio parameter.

[0052] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0053] While generating the global spray command, start the safety protocol timer;

[0054] Acquire the highest temperature data and its spatial distribution of the temperature monitoring array within the timing period;

[0055] Based on the spatial distribution density of the highest temperature data, the thermal runaway risk level is classified.

[0056] The corresponding coolant replenishment frequency is matched based on the thermal runaway risk level.

[0057] The pulse cycle of the high-pressure pump is adjusted according to the coolant replenishment frequency.

[0058] Preferably, the dynamic control center also performs:

[0059] Real-time acquisition of injection pressure fluctuation data from the multi-layer injection enhancement module;

[0060] The temporal correlation between the injection pressure fluctuation data and the vibration frequency of the condensation recovery device was analyzed.

[0061] When the time-series correlation is detected to exceed the preset coordination threshold, a system damping adjustment coefficient is generated;

[0062] The pressure stabilizing valve of the high-pressure pump and the shock absorber of the condensate recovery device are adjusted synchronously according to the system damping adjustment coefficient.

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0064] This immersion phase change and jet-enhanced thermal management system for energy storage power stations achieves comprehensive optimization of the thermal management process of energy storage battery packs through the organic integration and synergistic effect of multiple modules. The immersion phase change cooling tank completely submerges the battery pack in a low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid coolant. Utilizing the characteristic of the coolant absorbing a large amount of latent heat during phase change, it can quickly remove the heat generated during battery operation, ensuring basic heat dissipation efficiency. This immersion design allows for full contact between the coolant and the battery pack surface, reducing the gap thermal resistance present in traditional contact cooling methods, making heat transfer more direct and efficient.

[0065] The condensation recovery unit is connected to the steam outlet of the submerged phase change cooling tank, promptly condensing and liquefying the vaporized cooling medium. This allows the coolant to be recycled, preventing waste and maintaining a stable total amount of coolant in the tank, ensuring the continuity of the phase change heat dissipation process. The liquid distribution unit consists of a main liquid storage tank and a dedicated liquid storage tank. The main liquid storage tank receives the condensed and recovered coolant, providing a medium source for conventional heat dissipation. The dedicated liquid storage tank is connected to the bottom of the tank via an electromagnetic drain valve, allowing for the replenishment of coolant to specific areas as needed, thus achieving flexibility in coolant distribution.

[0066] The multi-layered spray enhancement module further improves the precision and effectiveness of heat dissipation. The top and bottom annular spray pipes connect to the main reservoir, and a circulating pump drives the coolant backflow, providing continuous spray cooling to the upper and lower areas of the battery pack. This enhances convective heat transfer and prevents temperature differences caused by heat accumulation between the upper and lower areas. The middle annular spray pipe connects to a dedicated reservoir and is driven by a high-pressure pump. Miniature high-pressure nozzles on the middle layer create high-intensity jets in localized areas. When the temperature monitoring array detects an abnormal temperature rise in a certain area, the middle layer spray is activated via a dynamic control center to target and enhance heat dissipation in specific hot spots, effectively solving the problem of insufficient heat transfer in localized high-heat conditions with single-phase change cooling.

[0067] A distributed temperature monitoring array is deployed on the surface of the battery pack, enabling real-time acquisition of temperature data from various areas and providing accurate data for dynamic control. The dynamic control center connects the temperature monitoring array, the multi-layer injection enhancement module, and the condensation recovery device. It can flexibly adjust the operating status of each injection pipe and the workload of the condensation recovery device based on real-time temperature data, allowing the entire thermal management system to adaptively adjust according to the actual heat generation of the battery pack. When the battery pack is operating at low power and generating relatively little heat, the system primarily relies on phase change cooling and conventional injection to maintain heat dissipation. When operating at high power and experiencing a sudden increase in localized heat generation, it can quickly activate the mid-layer high-pressure injection to enhance heat dissipation, achieving a precise match between heat dissipation intensity and heat generation requirements.

[0068] This collaborative working mode leverages the advantages of efficient heat absorption in phase change cooling while mitigating its limitations through active jet enhancement. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution across the battery pack, reducing the impact of localized high temperatures on battery performance. Simultaneously, dynamic control of each module's operating status avoids unnecessary energy consumption, achieving energy-efficient system operation while ensuring effective heat dissipation. The coolant recycling design also reduces media consumption costs during operation, improving the system's economic and environmental benefits. The entire system boasts a compact structure and seamless integration between modules, adapting to the heat dissipation needs of battery packs in energy storage power stations of varying sizes, providing reliable thermal management support for the stable operation of energy storage power stations. Attached Figure Description

[0069] Figure 1 This is a timing diagram of the thermal management system for an energy storage power station enhanced by immersion phase change and jet synergy, as described in this invention.

[0070] Figure 2 A flowchart for the dynamic control of the central temperature response;

[0071] Figure 3 The flowchart is for pressure monitoring and condensation control;

[0072] Figure 4This is a flowchart for full-domain injection and condensation overclocking. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a thermal management system for an energy storage power station that combines submerged phase change and jet synergistic enhancement. The system includes: a submerged phase change cooling tank, a condensation recovery device, a liquid storage distribution unit, a multi-layer jet enhancement module, a temperature monitoring array, and a dynamic control center.

[0075] The immersion phase change cooling tank houses the energy storage battery pack and low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid coolant, ensuring the battery pack is completely submerged in the cooling medium. A condensation recovery device is connected to the steam outlet at the top of the tank via a steam pipe, employing a multi-stage condensation structure to achieve liquefaction and recovery of the gaseous cooling medium. The liquid distribution unit includes a main storage tank and a dedicated storage tank arranged in parallel. The main storage tank receives the liquid coolant output from the condensation recovery device, while the dedicated storage tank is connected to the bottom of the tank via an electromagnetic drain valve. The multi-layer jetting enhancement module consists of three layers of annular jetting pipes. The top and bottom layers connect to the main storage tank and establish reflux via a circulation pump. The middle layer connects to the dedicated storage tank and is equipped with a high-pressure pump drive system. Miniature high-pressure nozzle arrays are embedded within the pipes. The temperature monitoring array uses a distributed thermocouple network, evenly distributed at key temperature measurement points on the battery pack surface. The dynamic control center integrates a data processing module, an instruction generation module, and a communication interface, receiving data from various sensors in real time and outputting control commands.

[0076] Example 1: See Figure 2 This involves a temperature response and liquid volume optimization control mechanism in the dynamic control center of a thermal management system for energy storage power plants, which is enhanced by immersion phase change and jet injection. The system achieves efficient thermal management of the battery pack through multi-level temperature monitoring and precise jet injection adjustment. Its implementation process includes multiple technical aspects such as temperature data processing, injection triggering logic, historical liquid volume analysis, and dynamic power adjustment.

[0077] The temperature monitoring array, arranged in a distributed layout, covers key temperature measurement areas on the battery pack surface. Each monitoring node employs an anti-interference thermocouple sensor, collecting surface temperature data at a sampling frequency of 10 times per second. The monitoring data is transmitted via shielded twisted-pair cables to the data acquisition module in the dynamic control center. After noise interference is eliminated by signal conditioning circuitry, it is analyzed in real time by a 32-bit microprocessor. The system has three preset temperature thresholds, corresponding to normal operating conditions, early warning states, and emergency cooling modes. The first temperature threshold is set based on the thermal stability of the battery materials. When the temperature at a monitoring point exceeds this threshold, the decision algorithm in the control center immediately initiates a position analysis program, converting the sensor number into a precise location in a three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0078] The injection trigger command generation module adopts an event-driven architecture. Upon receiving an over-temperature signal, it first retrieves information on neighboring nozzles at the corresponding coordinates from the spatial database. The system's built-in topology mapping table stores the coverage area and positioning parameters of each miniature high-pressure nozzle. The decision algorithm calculates the optimal 1-3 target nozzle numbers based on the geometric center location of the hotspot. The command encoder packages these parameters into a control message containing the nozzle address, injection duration, and intensity level, and transmits it to the controller unit in the middle-layer injection pipeline via industrial Ethernet. The transmission process uses a time-triggered protocol to ensure a closed-loop response from detection to execution within 50 milliseconds.

[0079] The historical fluid consumption record system is built on non-volatile memory, storing operational data for the past 30 days in a circular buffer structure. Each record includes fields such as timestamp, activated nozzle number, injection duration, and high-pressure pump operating current. A data compression algorithm merges consecutive similar operation records, saving storage space while preserving key features. When a new injection command is generated, the system automatically retrieves fluid consumption records for the same area from the previous 24 hours, identifying potential heat accumulation effects by comparing flow rate trends over adjacent time periods.

[0080] The calculation of the liquid volume regulation coefficient employs a sliding window analysis method, selecting liquid volume data from the five most recent similar operating conditions as a sample set. The algorithm first calculates the standard deviation and mean of these samples, then generates a dynamic regulation coefficient between 0.8 and 1.2 based on the deviation of the current temperature change rate from historical trends. This coefficient is converted into a 4-20mA analog signal via a digital-to-analog converter and input to the high-pressure pump's frequency converter. Power regulation uses an incremental PID algorithm, sampling the actual power feedback value every 200 milliseconds, comparing it with the expected value, and then outputting a new regulation amount.

[0081] The high-pressure pump's power control circuit incorporates multiple protection mechanisms. A current sensor monitors the motor winding temperature in real time; when overcurrent symptoms are detected, the system automatically inserts a 5% power derating factor. A vibration sensor collects mechanical status data of the pump body; abnormal vibration modes trigger a preset frequency reduction operation strategy. During power regulation, the system continuously records key parameters such as voltage, current, and speed, forming a complete equipment operation file for maintenance analysis.

[0082] The fluid control system of the mid-layer injection pipeline is equipped with a high-response solenoid valve array, and each miniature high-pressure nozzle's supply line has an independently controlled pilot valve. Upon receiving an injection command, the pilot valve opens within 20 milliseconds, and the precision flow meter immediately begins accumulating the flow rate. A pressure transmitter monitors branch pipe pressure fluctuations in real time, and the feedback signal is used to verify the injection effect. If the pressure value does not reach the expected range, the system automatically compensates by extending the injection duration and records the anomaly for subsequent analysis.

[0083] The time-series analysis module for temperature data runs on a dedicated coprocessor and employs a moving average algorithm to eliminate measurement noise. The system establishes a temperature change rate curve for each monitoring point, and when an abnormally steep upward trend is detected, preventative injection is triggered even if the absolute value has not reached a threshold. This proactive control strategy effectively suppresses the initial development of thermal runaway while avoiding equipment wear caused by frequent threshold triggering.

[0084] The liquid volume optimization database undergoes regular automatic maintenance, deleting expired and low-value records while retaining reference data under typical operating conditions. The data retrieval algorithm employs spatial partitioning indexing technology, dividing the battery pack into several virtual regions to accelerate the response time for proximity queries. The system learning module analyzes successful cases in historical operation records, gradually optimizing default injection parameters to continuously improve the processing efficiency of common hotspots.

[0085] The self-diagnostic system continuously monitors various indicators during the injection process, including the correlation between liquid consumption and temperature drop. When an abnormal ratio is detected, the system automatically initiates a nozzle inspection program, using a short-time pulse test to determine if there is any blockage or leakage. The diagnostic results are recorded in the equipment status table, and maintenance personnel can view a detailed health assessment report through the human-machine interface.

[0086] The timing management of the entire control process is scheduled by a real-time operating system, ensuring strict timing requirements for critical tasks such as temperature acquisition, data analysis, and command transmission. A system heartbeat monitoring mechanism ensures synchronized operation of all components; any component failing to respond within a timeout period will trigger a pre-set backup plan. The operation log records the complete control flow, including input parameters and processing results at each decision point, providing comprehensive data support for operational analysis.

[0087] The hardware platform of the dynamic control center adopts an industrial-grade embedded system, equipped with a dual-core processor to achieve parallel processing of data acquisition and decision calculation. Non-volatile memory stores key parameters and operating logs, and the data can be retained for more than 10 years after power failure. The communication interface supports multiple industrial protocols, ensuring reliable connection with field devices. The system software adopts a modular design, with each functional component interacting through well-defined interfaces, facilitating functional expansion and maintenance upgrades.

[0088] The temperature calibration program runs automatically and periodically, calibrating each monitoring node online using a standard temperature source. Calibration data is stored in a separate calibration parameter area, and temperature readings are compensated in real time to ensure long-term measurement accuracy. The system supports remote monitoring; operating status and alarm information can be transmitted to the central control room via a secure network for centralized management.

[0089] Example 2: See Figure 3 This involves a linkage mechanism between pressure monitoring and condensation control in the thermal management system of an energy storage power station that is enhanced by immersion phase change and jet synergy. Its implementation process includes multiple technical steps such as pressure data acquisition, condensation regulation triggering, multi-parameter coupling analysis, and device operation optimization.

[0090] A piezoresistive pressure sensor is installed in the steam chamber at the top of the immersion phase change cooling tank, with a measurement range of 0-0.5 MPa and an accuracy of 0.1%. The sensor uses a corrosion-resistant diaphragm structure and isolates high-temperature steam through a capillary tube, outputting a digital pressure value every 200 milliseconds. The data is transmitted to the signal processing board of the dynamic control center via an isolation amplifier, and after Kalman filtering to eliminate mechanical vibration interference, it is stored in the real-time database. The system has preset dual pressure thresholds. The first threshold is set according to the boiling point characteristics of the coolant. When the detected value exceeds this threshold for 3 consecutive seconds, the event trigger engine immediately activates the condensation enhancement program.

[0091] Upon receiving a trigger signal, the condensation command generation module first retrieves the current operating status parameters of the condensation recovery unit. The system's built-in equipment control model library stores the performance curve data of the condensation unit, and the algorithm calculates the required condensation capacity increment based on the pressure deviation value. The command encoder generates a control vector containing the target frequency, compressor speed, and fan speed, which is transmitted to the main controller of the condensation recovery unit via the CAN bus. The transmission protocol employs a time synchronization mechanism to ensure that control commands are issued and acknowledged within 100 milliseconds.

[0092] The multi-parameter coupling analysis function runs on the coprocessor of the dynamic control center, synchronously receiving real-time data from the temperature monitoring array and data streams from the pressure sensor. The temperature data processing module calculates the average temperature difference of each monitoring point relative to the reference temperature, updating the temperature difference offset value every 5 seconds. The pressure data processing module calculates the difference between the current pressure and the calibrated pressure at the same period. The two offset parameters are input into a two-dimensional state analyzer, which builds a decision matrix containing 256 elements, mapping the parameter combinations to a predefined coupling coefficient range.

[0093] The condensing efficiency correction parameters are generated using a weighted fusion algorithm. The system calculates the overall score by weighting temperature difference offset (60%) and pressure difference offset (40%) in conjunction with the coupling coefficient output from the decision matrix. The calculation results are normalized and converted into correction parameters between 0.5 and 2.0, which directly affect the variable frequency drive system of the condensing unit. Correction commands are updated every 10 seconds and transmitted via fieldbus with a timestamp and version checksum to prevent command conflicts or loss.

[0094] The variable frequency compressor in the condensation recovery unit is equipped with an intelligent drive module that automatically adjusts the motor speed after receiving correction parameters. The compressor speed adjustment accuracy is controlled within ±5 rpm, and the frequency output range covers 30-80 Hz. The matching cooling fan adopts a stepless speed regulation design, automatically matching the air volume according to the compressor's operating parameters. The cooling water circulation pump is equipped with an electronic proportional valve, dynamically adjusting the flow distribution ratio according to the condensation load. Equipment operating parameters are transmitted back to the dynamic control center in real time, forming a closed-loop control circuit.

[0095] The system includes an equipment protection strategy module that automatically inserts a current limiting coefficient of 0.8 when the compressor current exceeds 90% of the rated value. A temperature sensor monitors the condenser fin temperature; abnormally high temperatures trigger the auxiliary fan startup procedure. A vibration monitoring unit continuously collects equipment mechanical status data; when the spectrum analysis module detects abnormal vibrations at a specific frequency, the system automatically reduces the compressor speed and issues a maintenance reminder.

[0096] The multi-parameter calibration procedure is executed automatically daily, calibrating each sensor online using standard pressure and temperature sources. Calibration data is stored in an independent storage area, and compensation calculations are performed on the measurement readings in real time. The system establishes a cumulative deviation record table; when the calibration value of a single sensor deviates from the initial calibration value by more than 5%, a sensor failure warning is triggered, and the backup channel is activated.

[0097] The condensing system performance evaluation module continuously analyzes the ratio of pressure drop rate to condensing unit energy consumption. This module generates an hourly performance index report to identify equipment performance degradation trends. The maintenance prediction algorithm provides preventative maintenance guidance 30 days in advance based on the compressor's cumulative operating time and start-stop frequency.

[0098] The equipment control database of the dynamic control center fully records the input and output data for each parameter adjustment. Historical operation records are stored in time series, supporting data mining based on operating condition characteristics. The operation replay function can reproduce the control process within a specific time period for accident analysis and strategy optimization. The equipment interface status monitoring unit continuously checks the communication link quality and automatically switches to a backup communication path when the bus error rate exceeds a threshold.

[0099] The pressure fluctuation analysis module performs advanced signal processing and uses a multiple autoregressive model to predict the pressure change trend over the next 5 seconds. When the predicted curve shows a rapid upward trend, the system initiates preventative condensation enhancement measures 500 milliseconds in advance. This feedforward control mechanism significantly smooths out the fluctuation range of steam pressure, maintaining the system operating within its optimal operating range.

[0100] The fault diagnosis system includes twelve preset fault mode recognition algorithms. When an abnormal pressure is detected but the temperature remains unchanged, it is automatically identified as a sensor fault; when the condenser unit's response delay exceeds the timeout limit, it is marked as an actuator problem. Diagnostic results are encoded and stored in non-volatile memory, and maintenance personnel can read detailed diagnostic logs through a dedicated interface. The system supports remote diagnostic mode; core parameters and operating status can be transmitted to the technical support center via an encrypted channel.

[0101] The real-time data visualization module generates pressure-temperature composite curves, intuitively displaying the system's operating status. The control interface uses different colors to mark pressure zones, allowing operators to quickly identify the current operating condition. The historical data query function supports combined searches by time range, parameter type, and operating condition characteristics; all data records are appended with millisecond-level timestamps. The system is equipped with an automatic report generator, outputting standardized reports daily including pressure extremes, fluctuation frequency, and condenser unit operating efficiency.

[0102] The system's safety design incorporates multiple redundancy mechanisms. In the event of a main pressure sensor failure, it automatically switches to a backup sensor; if the difference between the two sensor data exceeds a set value, a third sensor is triggered for arbitration. The emergency shutdown circuit for the condensing unit is independent of the control system, directly cutting off the equipment's power supply when a dangerous overpressure is detected. All critical control commands employ a dual-channel verification mechanism to effectively prevent misoperation.

[0103] Example 3: See Figure 4 This paper discusses the coordinated control mechanism of full-domain injection mode and liquid level management in the thermal management system of an energy storage power station, which is enhanced by synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow. Its implementation involves multiple technical aspects, including temperature trend analysis, full-domain cooling triggering, dynamic liquid level monitoring, and intelligent liquid replenishment control. The system achieves early identification and active suppression of thermal runaway risks through multi-dimensional parameter fusion. The liquid level prediction algorithm employs the following calculation model:

[0104]

[0105] in: This indicates a real-time prediction of the liquid level height. This refers to the initial total volume of the dedicated storage tank. It is a jet flow rate function that varies with time. Represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the storage tank. This is the injection start timestamp. The model updates its predictions every 30 seconds and cross-validates them with measured data from the ultrasonic level gauge.

[0106] The temperature trend analysis module runs on the coprocessor of the dynamic control center, continuously monitoring 48 temperature monitoring points distributed on the surface of the battery pack. The system uses a sliding window algorithm to calculate the rate of temperature change over five consecutive sampling periods. When more than 60% of the monitoring points simultaneously show a positive slope change with an amplitude exceeding 0.5℃ / s, an early warning state is triggered. The generation logic of the full-domain injection command is based on spatial clustering analysis. The algorithm divides the temperature monitoring points into eight regional units. When any three adjacent units simultaneously reach the second temperature threshold, it is determined to be a systemic thermal risk and the full-domain cooling mode is activated.

[0107] The execution of the full-area injection mode employs a tiered activation strategy. The control center first sends a 100% power command to the middle-layer annular injection pipe, and then activates the injection units of the top and bottom pipes sequentially after 300 milliseconds. This timing control avoids pipe pressure oscillations caused by instantaneous flow surges. All micro high-pressure nozzles are arranged with a preset 15° offset opening angle, forming a staggered, three-dimensional cooling flow field. The condensation recovery device simultaneously enters overclocking mode, increasing the compressor speed to 120% of its rated value, and the auxiliary cooling fan switches to its maximum airflow setting.

[0108] The ultrasonic liquid level monitoring system employs a dual-probe redundancy design. The main probe emits detection pulses at a frequency of 10Hz, and the echo signal is converted into a liquid level height value after being analyzed by a digital signal processor. The system incorporates a temperature compensation algorithm to correct the sound velocity parameters based on the real-time temperature of the coolant in the storage tank. Liquid level data is recorded once per second and transmitted via industrial Ethernet to the liquid volume management module in the dynamic control center. The data preprocessing stage eliminates measurement noise caused by liquid fluctuations, and a median filtering algorithm is used to extract stable liquid level trends.

[0109] Jet flow function The system is built upon historical operating condition learning. It maintains a feature database containing 128 typical injection patterns, each recording the mapping relationship between nozzle combinations, injection pressure, and corresponding flow rate. When a new global injection command is generated, the matching algorithm retrieves the three most similar historical patterns and takes the weighted average of their flow rate curves as the current prediction benchmark. Actual flow rate is corrected in real-time using Coriolis mass flow meters installed on each injection branch, and the correction coefficients are fed back to the prediction model for online learning and updates.

[0110] The liquid consumption progress assessment module continuously compares and predicts liquid levels. Compared with actual liquid level The deviation is considered. When the absolute value of the deviation exceeds 5%, the model recalibration procedure is triggered, and the system automatically adjusts the flow function. The coefficient of the replenishment decision algorithm. The replenishment decision algorithm comprehensively considers three dimensions of parameters: current liquid level, consumption rate, and predicted remaining time. When the following conditions are met... Furthermore, when the consumption rate exceeds a critical value, a liquid storage switching command is immediately generated. The command priority is divided into three levels, and the execution response speed is dynamically adjusted according to the thermal risk level.

[0111] The electromagnetic drain valve is controlled using pulse width modulation technology, with the opening ratio based on... The pattern of gradual adjustment, among which This is an adjustment coefficient dynamically calculated based on the liquid temperature in the tank. The pressure difference between the tank and the storage tank is monitored simultaneously during the drainage process. When an abnormal increase in flow resistance is detected, a backflushing procedure is automatically triggered. The main storage tank's replenishment pump uses flow-following control; its speed maintains a linear relationship with the opening of the drain valve, ensuring overall system liquid balance.

[0112] The safety protocol timer is implemented using a hardware clock module, achieving an accuracy of ±1ppm. After the timer starts, the system collects extreme data from the temperature monitoring array at 10-second intervals, reconstructing the three-dimensional temperature field of the battery pack surface using a spatial interpolation algorithm. The thermal risk analysis module calculates the spatial gradient of the high-temperature region. When detected The system automatically increases the cooling intensity level. A risk level mapping table stores 12 preset response strategies, and the system dynamically combines these strategy parameters based on real-time analysis results.

[0113] The maintenance and monitoring subsystem for miniature high-pressure nozzles continuously records the cumulative operating time, number of start-stop cycles, and flow deviation for each nozzle. When the flow efficiency of a single nozzle falls below 85%, the system automatically adjusts the pressure compensation value of its corresponding branch. In full-area spray mode, the control center additionally activates the nozzle self-cleaning program, injecting a 3-second reverse flushing pulse after each spray cycle to prevent the accumulation of fine particles that could clog the flow channels.

[0114] The system status visualization interface displays the three-dimensional temperature field distribution, liquid level change curve, and spray coverage area in real time. Operators can manually adjust the confidence threshold of the prediction model and intervene in the timing of liquid replenishment triggering. The historical data playback function supports tracing the entire process parameter changes of the entire spraying event along a timeline, with all data records accompanied by equipment status markers and operation logs. The alarm management module pushes notifications in stages according to the severity of the event, supporting multiple methods such as SMS, email, and audible and visual alarms.

[0115] The fault recovery mechanism includes an automatic retry strategy and backup switchover. When a timeout is detected in the electromagnetic drain valve response, the system automatically switches to the backup valve and resends the command; when the main storage tank replenishment pump fails, the injection mode is temporarily adjusted to reduce flow requirements. Detailed diagnostic reports are generated for all abnormal events, recording system snapshots and handling procedures at the time of the fault. The equipment maintenance reminder function calculates the remaining lifespan of critical components based on actual operating parameters, generating preventative maintenance plans in advance.

[0116] The control system's communication architecture employs a dual-ring network redundancy design, with critical control commands transmitted simultaneously through two physical channels. Data integrity verification utilizes the CRC-32 algorithm, with each data packet containing a sequence number and timestamp. A system heartbeat detection mechanism verifies the online status of each subsystem every 500 milliseconds; if any component becomes unconnected for more than three cycles, the backup control strategy is triggered. Operational access control implements a four-level hierarchical authorization system; sensitive operations require dual authentication and automatically record operator information.

[0117] Example 4: Layered temperature field analysis and differentiated flow distribution control mechanism in a thermal management system for an energy storage power station involving synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow. This system achieves three-dimensional thermal management of the battery pack through three-dimensional temperature monitoring and spatial flow regulation. Its specific implementation process includes technical aspects such as liquid temperature distribution acquisition, spatial thermal field modeling, region division strategy, and layered flow control.

[0118] The immersion phase change cooling tank contains a six-layer temperature sensor chain, with each layer containing eight evenly distributed platinum resistance temperature sensors, forming a 48-point three-dimensional monitoring network. The sensors are encapsulated in waterproof stainless steel, with a measurement range covering -20℃ to 150℃ and an accuracy of ±0.2℃. The data acquisition module scans each sensor channel five times per second, and after signal conditioning, transmits the data to the spatial thermal analysis unit in the dynamic control center. The system automatically records liquid temperature data at different depths, forming a liquid temperature distribution matrix (see Table 1).

[0119] Table 1: Monitoring data of stratified liquid temperature distribution.

[0120]

[0121] The spatial thermal analysis unit establishes a mapping relationship between liquid temperature data and the three-dimensional coordinates of the battery pack. The system maintains a spatial database containing 512 voxels, each storing three parameters: temperature, liquid flow velocity, and heat flux. The thermal field modeling algorithm employs an inverse distance weighted interpolation method to reconstruct the three-dimensional temperature field within the entire tank based on measured data. The model is updated every 30 seconds, outputting the spatial distribution characteristics of the high-temperature core region, thermal transition region, and low-temperature region.

[0122] Based on temperature field analysis, the zoning strategy module divides the battery pack vertically into three control units: a top high-temperature zone, a middle transition zone, and a bottom low-temperature zone. The zoning boundaries employ a dynamic adjustment mechanism; when a temperature gradient in a region exceeds a set threshold, the zoning boundaries are automatically recalculated. The system records the spatial coordinates and region markers of each battery module, creating a location-temperature correlation index table for real-time lookup.

[0123] The core of the flow distribution controller is the tiered cooling strategy generator. This module receives regional heat load data output from the space thermal analysis unit and generates a flow distribution scheme according to the principle of "prioritizing high-temperature zones, compensating for transition zones, and maintaining low-temperature zones." After the scheme is converted into specific control parameters, it is transmitted to the flow distribution control unit of the circulating pump via the PROFIBUS bus. The flow distribution controller adopts an electromechanical integrated design, including two independently adjustable electric valves and a matching flow detection device.

[0124] The flow rate regulation of the top-level annular jet pipe adopts a proportional valve opening control method. The system calculates the initial opening reference value based on the heat load of the high-temperature zone, and then performs closed-loop correction based on real-time feedback flow meter data. The control strategy of the bottom-level pipe focuses on stability, adopting a slow and gradual adjustment mode to avoid system oscillation caused by frequent actions. The flow rate proportional parameter is refreshed every 5 seconds, and each adjustment does not exceed 10% of the current value.

[0125] Digital flow meters are installed at the outlet of each jet branch, using turbine sensors to measure the actual flow rate. Measurement data is transmitted to the control center via an RS-485 interface for comparison and analysis with expected values. When the deviation consistently exceeds 5%, the system initiates a fault diagnosis program, sequentially checking parameters such as valve status, pump output pressure, and pipeline resistance. Flow anomaly events are recorded in the equipment operation log, including the time of occurrence, deviation value, and corrective measures.

[0126] The correlation analysis module between battery pack surface temperature and liquid temperature continuously performs correlation calculations. The system establishes a transfer function model of the temperature change of each battery module and the temperature fluctuation of neighboring liquid modules to predict the cooling effect. When a slow temperature response is detected in a specific area, the flow weight of the corresponding level of injection pipe is automatically increased. This adaptive learning mechanism enables the system to progressively optimize the cooling efficiency of each area.

[0127] The hierarchical control database comprehensively records the parameters and results of each adjustment, including fields such as timestamps, regional division data, flow setpoints, and actual values. Historical data supports multi-dimensional retrieval by spatial region, time range, and temperature characteristics. Data analysis tools can generate time-series variation curves of flow at each layer, intuitively demonstrating the effectiveness of the control strategy.

[0128] The equipment maintenance subsystem monitors the operating status of key components. Vibration sensors on the circulating pump collect mechanical vibration data in real time, and a spectrum analysis module identifies abnormal frequency components. The stroke counter of the electric valve records the number of operations, triggering a lubrication maintenance reminder when the daily operation frequency exceeds the design value. Pipeline pressure sensors monitor changes in friction loss along the pipeline, and abnormal pressure drop signals indicate potential blockage risks.

[0129] The user interface provides a visual representation of the 3D temperature field, supporting rotation at any angle and cross-sectional viewing. Operators can manually adjust zone boundaries or directly specify flow rates; intervention signals are indicated by flashing red. The system features multi-level access control; modifications to critical parameters require double confirmation and operator information recording. The alarm management module handles alarms in five levels based on severity, ranging from simple alerts to emergency shutdowns.

[0130] The communication system employs a fiber optic ring network architecture to ensure real-time transmission of large amounts of sensor data. Critical control commands utilize a dual verification mechanism, executing operations only after receiving a confirmation signal from the receiving end. The system heartbeat packets are exchanged every 200 milliseconds, and automatic switching to a backup route occurs if network latency exceeds 50 milliseconds. Data storage implements a dual backup strategy, with real-time and historical databases using different storage media.

[0131] The safety protection mechanism incorporates multiple redundancy designs. Upon detecting abnormal outlet pressure of the circulating pump, all electric valves are immediately shut off and the backup pump is activated. In the event of a temperature sensor failure, the system automatically switches to the estimated value from a nearby sensor and simultaneously marks the faulty channel. The power system is equipped with an uninterruptible power supply and a fast switching device to ensure continuous power supply to the control system. All cabinets are equipped with temperature monitoring and automatic cooling devices to prevent overheating damage to electronic components.

[0132] The system supports remote monitoring, transmitting key parameters to the central control room via an encrypted VPN tunnel. The mobile application provides a streamlined monitoring interface and supports push notifications for important alarm information. The maintenance toolkit includes equipment self-test procedures and parameter calibration wizards to guide on-site personnel in performing routine maintenance tasks. Software upgrades utilize differential update technology to ensure continuous system operation during the update process.

[0133] Example 5: A comprehensive control mechanism for thermal runaway prevention and system resonance suppression in a thermal management system for an energy storage power station, enhanced by immersion phase change and jet stimulation. Its implementation involves multiple technical aspects, including safety timing monitoring, risk level classification, pulse cooling regulation, and vibration-coordinated control. The system achieves dual protection of thermal safety and mechanical stability through multi-dimensional parameter fusion. The thermal risk intensity assessment uses the following calculation model:

[0134]

[0135] in: Indicates the spatial density of thermal risks. Let be the weight coefficient for the i-th monitoring point. It is a sign function of the temperature difference. It is the real-time temperature of the monitoring point. The second temperature threshold, Represents the surface area of ​​the battery pack. This represents the number of effective monitoring points. The model calculates a risk value every minute and compares it to a three-level risk threshold.

[0136] The safety protocol timer uses a high-precision crystal oscillator clock source with a timing error of less than 1 millisecond / day. After the timer starts, the system collects extreme value data from the temperature monitoring array at 10-second intervals and constructs a surface temperature distribution cloud map of the battery pack using a spatial interpolation algorithm. The thermal anomaly identification module analyzes the gradient change characteristics of the temperature field, marking potential thermal runaway regions when the temperature difference between adjacent monitoring points exceeds 4℃ / 10cm. The risk level classifier classifies the system status into four levels: normal, attention, warning, and danger, based on the number and distribution density of abnormal regions.

[0137] The pulse cooling regulation system dynamically adjusts its operating mode based on the risk level. At level one risk, it maintains the basic cooling flow rate; at level two risk, it activates pulse jets with 30-second intervals, each lasting 15 seconds; at level three risk, it switches to a high-frequency mode, shortening the pulse interval to 10 seconds; at the highest risk level, it triggers a combined mode of continuous jetting and auxiliary cooling. The pulse parameter generator dynamically optimizes the pulse width and interval ratio by comprehensively considering the current temperature rise rate and historical cooling effects. After each pulse, the system evaluates the temperature drop rate as the basis for parameter adjustments in the next cycle.

[0138] The high-pressure pump employs a feedforward-feedback composite strategy for pressure stabilization control. Pressure sensors monitor pressure fluctuations within the injection pipe in real time, with a sampling frequency up to 1 kHz. A vibration spectrum analysis module extracts characteristic frequency components within the 0-500 Hz range; when a peak value coinciding with the natural frequency of the condensation recovery device is detected, a damping adjustment command is immediately generated. The system maintains a frequency coupling database, recording the characteristic parameters and treatment effects of historical resonance events.

[0139] The algorithm for adjusting the coolant replenishment frequency is based on both thermal risk level and equipment condition. Basic replenishment cycle. Based on the capacity setting of the dedicated storage tank, the actual cycle according to Adjustments, among which This is the equipment condition factor, determined by the cumulative operating time and current efficiency of the high-pressure pump. The replenishment process employs gradual flow regulation to avoid system parameter oscillations caused by sudden changes in liquid level.

[0140] The micro high-pressure nozzle's operational status monitoring system records parameters such as cumulative spray time, flow efficiency, and pressure loss for each nozzle. When a performance degradation of an individual nozzle is detected, the system automatically compensates for the spray intensity of adjacent nozzles to maintain a balanced cooling effect across the area. In full-area spray mode, the system additionally activates a nozzle rotation strategy, rotating the start-stop combinations of each nozzle in a preset sequence to extend the overall service life.

[0141] The vibration damping control subsystem includes both active and passive damping mechanisms. The active damper adjusts its damping based on real-time calculated system damping coefficients. The driving torque is varied, with coefficients ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 corresponding to different damping intensities. The passive damping unit employs a variable stiffness design, changing the natural frequency by adjusting the preload of the rubber pads. The vibration co-controller collects phase difference data from each damping point every 100 milliseconds, dynamically optimizing control parameters.

[0142] The equipment health assessment module continuously analyzes the operating status indicators of the high-pressure pump and condenser unit. Current waveform analysis detects the insulation degradation trend of the motor windings, and vibration spectrum monitoring identifies bearing wear characteristics. The system establishes an equipment aging model to predict the remaining service life of key components and generate preventative maintenance plans in advance. Maintenance reminders are divided into three levels, corresponding to recommended inspection, planned maintenance, and immediate action.

[0143] The fault diagnosis expert system includes identification algorithms for twelve common fault categories. When a mismatch between pressure fluctuations and temperature changes is detected, a pipeline cavitation check procedure is automatically initiated; if a decrease in spray uniformity is detected, a nozzle blockage diagnosis process is triggered. Diagnostic results are encoded and stored, supporting tracing the history of equipment status changes along a timeline. The system is equipped with a fault tree analysis tool, which can display multi-level fault causal relationship networks.

[0144] The control system employs a multi-layered safety protection design. Electrical circuits are equipped with triple protection devices against overcurrent, short circuit, and leakage current, while the mechanical system features pressure relief valves and emergency pressure relief channels. Critical control signals are monitored by a hardware watchdog; any abnormal timeout will trigger a safety shutdown procedure. Operation permissions are implemented using biometric authentication; sensitive operations require both fingerprint and password verification.

[0145] The real-time data visualization interface displays a 3D thermal risk distribution map and equipment vibration spectrum. Operators can manually adjust the risk level assessment threshold and intervene in the selection of cooling strategies. The historical playback function supports retrieving past events by time and reproducing the complete handling process. The report generator automatically creates daily reports that include risk event statistics, equipment operating hours, and maintenance recommendations.

[0146] The communication system employs a Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) architecture to ensure deterministic latency of control commands. The data synchronization mechanism uses the IEEE 1588 precise time protocol, with clock deviations at each node less than 1 microsecond. A network traffic monitoring module detects data transmission quality and automatically switches to redundant channels when the bit error rate exceeds a threshold. Critical data is encrypted end-to-end using the AES-256 algorithm to ensure information security.

[0147] System upgrades and maintenance support hot-swapping, allowing non-critical modules to be replaced without interrupting operation. Software updates use incremental releases, automatically creating a system snapshot before each update for rollback. The configuration management tool records the modification history of all parameters, supporting version comparison and difference analysis. A remote diagnostic interface allows authorized engineers to analyze system logs and real-time data online.

[0148] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0149] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an energy storage power station that combines immersion phase change and jet-enhanced thermal management, characterized in that, include: The immersion phase change cooling tank is used to hold the energy storage battery pack and the low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid coolant, so that the entire battery pack is immersed in the coolant. A condensation recovery device is connected to the steam outlet of the immersion phase change cooling tank and is used to condense and liquefy the vaporized cooling medium. The liquid storage and distribution unit includes a main liquid storage tank and a dedicated liquid storage tank. The main liquid storage tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the condensation recovery device, and the dedicated liquid storage tank is connected to the bottom of the immersion phase change cooling tank through an electromagnetic drain valve. The multi-layer injection enhancement module includes a top-layer annular injection pipe, a bottom-layer annular injection pipe, and a middle-layer annular injection pipe. The top-layer and bottom-layer annular injection pipes are connected to the main storage tank and the coolant is returned through a circulation pump. The middle-layer annular injection pipe is connected to a dedicated storage tank and driven by a high-pressure pump. The middle-layer annular injection pipe is equipped with miniature high-pressure nozzles. A temperature monitoring array is distributed on the surface of the battery pack within the immersion phase change cooling tank to acquire real-time temperature data for each area. The dynamic control center connects the temperature monitoring array, the multi-layer jet enhancement module, and the condensation recovery device. The dynamic control center executes: Receive real-time temperature data of each region acquired by the temperature monitoring array; The real-time temperature data is compared with a preset temperature threshold. When the real-time temperature data of a local area is detected to exceed the first temperature threshold, a spray trigger command is generated; The injection trigger command is sent to the miniature high-pressure nozzle in the corresponding area of ​​the multi-layer injection enhancement module; The dynamic control center also performs: Establish historical liquid consumption records for different injection modes; Based on the injection area location corresponding to the current injection trigger command, match the liquid volume data of adjacent injection stages in the historical liquid consumption record; Calculate the liquid volume adjustment coefficient for the current injection stage based on the difference in liquid volume data between adjacent injection stages. The output power of the high-pressure pump is adjusted according to the liquid volume adjustment coefficient.

2. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A pressure monitoring device is installed in the steam chamber of the immersion phase change cooling tank; The dynamic control center receives real-time pressure data acquired by the pressure monitoring device. The real-time pressure data is compared with a preset pressure threshold. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the first pressure threshold, a condensation enhancement command is generated; The condensation enhancement command is sent to the condensation recovery device.

3. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic control center also performs: Simultaneously acquire real-time temperature data from the temperature monitoring array and real-time pressure data from the pressure monitoring device; Calculate the temperature difference offset between the real-time temperature data and the baseline temperature value; Calculate the pressure difference offset between the real-time pressure data and the baseline pressure value; Based on the coupling relationship between the temperature difference offset and the pressure difference offset, a condensation efficiency correction parameter is generated; The operating frequency of the condensation recovery device is adjusted according to the condensation efficiency correction parameter.

4. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic control center also performs: Continuously monitor the real-time temperature data change trend of the temperature monitoring array; When the real-time temperature data of multiple consecutive monitoring points exceeds the second temperature threshold, a full-domain injection command is generated. The global injection command is sent to all the micro high-pressure nozzles of the multi-layer injection enhancement module; Simultaneously, a condensation overclocking command is generated and sent to the condensation recovery device.

5. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The dynamic control center also performs: Record the rate of liquid level drop after the global injection command is triggered; The liquid consumption rate of the dedicated storage tank is predicted based on the liquid level drop rate. When the liquid consumption reaches a preset replenishment threshold, a liquid storage switching command is generated; The liquid storage switching command controls the opening of the electromagnetic drain valve, which introduces the liquid in the immersion phase change cooling tank into the dedicated liquid storage tank.

6. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic control center also performs: Obtain liquid temperature distribution data at different depths within the immersion phase change cooling tank; Based on the correspondence between the liquid temperature distribution data and the spatial location of the battery pack, a liquid volume allocation strategy is generated; The liquid distribution strategy is converted into the flow ratio parameter between the top annular jet pipe and the bottom annular jet pipe; The flow divider controller of the circulating pump is adjusted according to the flow ratio parameter.

7. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The dynamic control center also performs: While generating the global spray command, start the safety protocol timer; Acquire the highest temperature data and its spatial distribution of the temperature monitoring array within the timing period; Based on the spatial distribution density of the highest temperature data, the thermal runaway risk level is classified. The corresponding coolant replenishment frequency is matched based on the thermal runaway risk level. The pulse cycle of the high-pressure pump is adjusted according to the coolant replenishment frequency.

8. The thermal management system for an energy storage power station with synergistic enhancement of immersion phase change and jet flow as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The dynamic control center also performs: Real-time acquisition of injection pressure fluctuation data from the multi-layer injection enhancement module; The temporal correlation between the injection pressure fluctuation data and the vibration frequency of the condensation recovery device was analyzed. When the time-series correlation is detected to exceed the preset coordination threshold, a system damping adjustment coefficient is generated; The pressure stabilizing valve of the high-pressure pump and the shock absorber of the condensate recovery device are adjusted synchronously according to the system damping adjustment coefficient.

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