Photovoltaic roof cable laying device and laying method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of photovoltaic roof cable laying device and laying method thereof, it is related to cable laying technical field, the photovoltaic roof cable laying device, including pay-off equipment, tension control equipment and traction equipment, the traction equipment is installed in the inside of roof wiring bridge, the traction equipment includes circular shell, the rear end of the circular shell is installed with power supply seat, and charging interface is arranged on the outer wall of power supply seat, the rear end of the power supply seat is installed with clamping mechanism, the cable is wound on the pay-off equipment, one end of cable extends to tension control equipment, and after tension control equipment is tensioned, it is connected with the clamping mechanism of traction equipment, and the scheme solves the problem that existing cable laying device is only related to pay-off part, and manual traction is needed, which is time-consuming and laborious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable laying technology, specifically to a photovoltaic roof cable laying device and laying method. Background Technology

[0002] Cable laying refers to the process of laying and installing cables along a surveyed route to form a cable line. When laying cables on photovoltaic rooftops, cable tray structures are often used as the foundation to ensure the transmission quality and reliability of the line, and to facilitate subsequent construction and maintenance. Existing cable laying devices, such as those listed in CN218102331U, are named cable laying devices. They include a base and a positioning structure. The base has integrally formed support rods on both the left and right sides of its top. The positioning structure is bolted on both sides of the base. The positioning structure includes a first connecting shaft, an electric telescopic rod, a connecting block, a second connecting shaft, and a movable shaft. The connecting block is fixed to the left and right sides of the base. The electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is at the top and is fixedly connected to the first connecting shaft. The first connecting shaft passes through the support rods. The left side of the second connecting shaft is fixed to the right side of the first connecting shaft.

[0003] However, existing cable laying devices only involve the cable laying part, which requires manual pulling and laying, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, we provide a photovoltaic roof cable laying device and its laying method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic roof cable laying device and laying method to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the existing cable laying devices only involve the wire laying part, which requires manual pulling and laying, and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic roof cable laying device, comprising a cable laying device, a tension control device, and a traction device. The traction device is installed inside the roof wiring cable tray. The traction device includes a circular housing, a power supply base is installed at the rear end of the circular housing, a charging interface is provided on the outer wall of the power supply base, and a clamping mechanism is installed at the rear end of the power supply base. A cable is wound on the cable laying device, and one end of the cable extends to the tension control device. After being tightened by the tension control device, it is connected to the clamping mechanism of the traction device.

[0006] Preferably, the wire feeding device includes a support frame, two support frames are provided, and rollers are rotatably connected inside the two support frames. A winding reel is installed between the two support frames, and the two sides of the winding reel are detachably connected to the rollers.

[0007] Preferably, a C-shaped top frame is installed above the support frame, a first hydraulic cylinder is installed at the upper end of the C-shaped top frame, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder passes through and extends to the lower end of the C-shaped top frame, and a pressure roller is installed thereon. A rear support is installed at the rear end of the support frame, and a laser rangefinder is installed at the middle position of the rear support, with the output end of the laser rangefinder horizontally facing the center of the winding reel.

[0008] Preferably, two triangular support brackets are installed on both sides of the lower end of the C-shaped top frame, and multiple reinforcing plates are welded between adjacent triangular support brackets.

[0009] Preferably, the tension control device includes a support plate, with guide wheel brackets installed on both sides of the front end of the support plate. Guide wheel assemblies are rotatably connected inside the guide wheel brackets. A support frame is provided between the two guide wheel brackets. A second hydraulic cylinder is installed at the upper end of the support frame. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder passes through and extends to the lower end of the support frame, and a tension wheel bracket is installed thereon. Tensioner wheel assemblies are rotatably connected inside the tension wheel bracket. A pressure sensor is installed at the connection between the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder and the tension wheel bracket.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes an electric guide rail, a movable clamping seat is mounted on the slider of the electric guide rail, a fixed clamping seat is mounted on the outer wall of the lower end of the electric guide rail, and a chuck is mounted on the outer wall of both the movable and fixed clamping seats, with the two chucks arranged opposite to each other. The movable and fixed clamping seats are connected to the ends of the slider and the electric guide rail respectively by screws, and a plurality of V-shaped clamping grooves are provided on the inner wall of the chuck.

[0011] Preferably, servo motors are installed on both sides of the lower end of the circular housing, and drive wheels are installed at the output ends of the servo motors. Universal wheels are installed at the front of the lower end of the circular housing, and ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensors are provided on both sides of the universal wheels. A microcontroller chip, a wireless data transmission module, and a GPS positioning module are installed inside the circular housing. An annular ball bearing retainer is provided on the outer wall of the circular housing, and multiple balls are embedded in the annular ball bearing retainer.

[0012] Preferably, the roof wiring cable tray includes a cable tray base, a V-shaped drainage cover is installed on the top of the cable tray base, the interior of the cable tray base is provided with a plurality of drainage holes, and the plurality of drainage holes are equally distributed. Both ends of both sides of the cable tray base are provided with a plurality of connecting grooves. Adjacent cable tray bases are connected by connecting plates and screws at the four corners of the connecting plates. The inner wall of the connecting plates is provided with locking protrusions that engage with the connecting grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the V-shaped flow guide cover is provided with a folding cover at its end. One side of the folding cover is rotatably connected to the cable tray base via a hinge, and the other side of the folding cover is connected to the cable tray base via a locking mechanism. The end of the cable tray base is provided with a clamping member, and both sides of the clamping member are connected to the cable tray base via screws.

[0014] Preferably, a method for laying a photovoltaic roof cable laying device includes the following steps: Step 1: First, pre-install the roof wiring cable tray on the roof. Connect each section of the cable tray with the connecting plate and the locking protrusion and fasten it with screws. After completion, place the cable laying equipment and tension control equipment at the starting end of the roof wiring cable tray, and place the traction equipment inside the cable tray near the cable laying equipment. Step 2: Install the cable reel onto the roller of the unwinding equipment, activate the laser rangefinder, calculate the reel diameter in real time by measuring the distance from the laser to the surface of the reel, and feed the signal back to the controller. The controller drives the first hydraulic cylinder to move based on the detection result, so that the pressure roller moves down to press the cover on the upper surface of the reel. Then, manually pull the cable end to lead it to the tension control equipment. Step 3: Introduce the cable from the guide wheel assembly on one side of the tension control device, pass it around the underside of the tensioning wheel assembly, and then exit it through the guide wheel assembly on the other side; Step 4: Extend the cable pulled out from the tension control device to the clamping mechanism at the rear end of the traction device, drive the electric guide rail to move, and move the moving clamp seat down so that the upper and lower clamps cooperate to clamp the end of the cable. Step 5: Send a control signal to the traction equipment via a remote terminal to start its operation. The traction equipment drives the drive wheel to rotate through the servo motor at the bottom and uses ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensors to identify the inner wall of the cable tray base, enabling autonomous movement within the roof wiring cable tray. During the traction process, the cable is continuously pulled out to complete the laying operation within the cable tray. Step Six: During the laying process, the laser rangefinder continuously monitors the change in the diameter of the cable reel. The controller adjusts the first hydraulic cylinder accordingly to keep the pressure roller pressed against the upper surface of the cable reel, thus maintaining a smooth cable laying. The tension control device adjusts the height of the tensioning wheel group through the second hydraulic cylinder and controls the cable tension within the set threshold based on the feedback from the pressure sensor, ensuring stable traction tension. Step 7: When the traction equipment reaches the end of the roof cable tray, the workers open the folding covers of each section of the cable tray in sequence, install the clamping parts at the corresponding positions to fix the cables in sections, and finally complete the entire cable laying process.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) By integrating cable laying equipment, tension control equipment and autonomous walking traction equipment, this invention realizes the mechanization and automation of photovoltaic roof cable laying, significantly reduces the labor intensity and time cost of manual traction, improves laying efficiency, and solves the problem that existing cable laying devices only involve cable laying, which requires manual traction and is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0016] (2) The wire feeding device of the present invention is not only structurally stable, but also has a wire feeding adjustment function. The laser rangefinder sensor detects the change in the diameter of the wire spool in real time, and the controller dynamically adjusts the extension of the first hydraulic cylinder so that the pressure roller always adheres to the upper surface of the wire spool with appropriate pressure. This design effectively avoids the problem of wire jumping and tangling caused by uneven rotation speed of the wire spool during the wire feeding process, ensuring that the cable is released smoothly and evenly, and providing a good foundation for subsequent tension stability control.

[0017] (3) The tension control equipment adopts a combination of hydraulic drive and sensor feedback to achieve high-precision control of cable tension. The lifting position of the tensioning wheel group is adjusted by the second hydraulic cylinder, and the actual tension data is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor. The system can automatically maintain the tension within the set threshold range, avoiding excessive tension that could damage the cable insulation layer or insufficient tension that could cause sagging and loosening. This greatly improves the controllability of the laying process and the quality of cable laying.

[0018] (4) The traction device of the present invention has autonomous walking capability. It relies on ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensors to identify the cable tray path. The servo motor drive, combined with the universal wheel and ball bearing cage structure, ensures the accuracy and stability of movement within the limited cross-section cable tray. At the same time, it supports remote control and GPS positioning, which facilitates real-time monitoring and fault handling.

[0019] (5) The roof wiring cable tray adopts a modular assembly design and is equipped with a V-shaped drainage cover and seepage holes to effectively cope with the outdoor rainwater environment. The folding cover and clamping structure facilitates the introduction and segmented fixing of cables, improving the environmental adaptability of the overall structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wire feeding device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the wire feeding device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tension control device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the traction device structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the traction device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the roof wiring cable tray connection structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the roof wiring cable tray connection point of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Wire feeding equipment; 101. Support frame; 102. Roller; 103. Winding reel; 104. C-shaped top frame; 105. Triangular support frame; 106. Reinforcing plate; 107. First hydraulic cylinder; 108. Pressure roller; 109. Rear support; 110. Laser rangefinder sensor; 2. Tension control equipment; 201. Support plate; 202. Guide wheel assembly bracket; 203. Guide wheel assembly; 204. Support frame; 205. Second hydraulic cylinder; 206. Tensioner wheel assembly bracket; 207. Tensioner wheel assembly; 3. Traction equipment; 301. Circular housing; 302. Power supply base; 303. Clamping mechanism; 031. Electric guide rail; 3032. Moving clamp; 3033. Chuck; 3034. V-groove; 3035. Fixed clamp; 304. Charging interface; 305. Annular ball retainer; 306. Ball; 307. Drive wheel; 308. Servo motor; 309. Universal wheel; 310. Ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensor; 4. Roof wiring cable tray; 401. Cable tray base; 402. V-shaped flow guide cover; 403. Folding cover; 404. Hinge; 405. Locking mechanism; 406. Connecting groove; 407. Connecting plate; 408. Positioning protrusion; 409. Clamping element; 410. Drain hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-8 An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic roof cable laying device, including a cable laying device 1, a tension control device 2, and a traction device 3. The traction device 3 is installed inside the roof wiring cable tray 4. The traction device 3 includes a circular housing 301. A power supply base 302 is installed at the rear end of the circular housing 301. A charging interface 304 is provided on the outer wall of the power supply base 302. A clamping mechanism 303 is installed at the rear end of the power supply base 302. A cable is wound on the cable laying device 1. One end of the cable extends to the tension control device 2 and is connected to the clamping mechanism 303 of the traction device 3 after being tightened by the tension control device 2. The device is designed to balance functionality and environmental adaptability. Its components work together seamlessly and are highly automated, significantly reducing the labor intensity and working time of construction workers while improving the quality and reliability of cable laying. It is particularly suitable for use in photovoltaic rooftops and other similar complex environments.

[0023] Please see Figure 2-3 The wire feeding device 1 includes a support frame 101, of which two support frames 101 are provided, and rollers 102 are rotatably connected inside each of the two support frames 101. A winding reel 103 is installed between the two support frames 101, and the two sides of the winding reel 103 are detachably connected to the rollers 102. A C-shaped top frame 104 is installed above the support frame 101, and a first hydraulic cylinder 107 is installed at the upper end of the C-shaped top frame 104. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 107 passes through and extends to the lower end of the C-shaped top frame 104, and a pressure roller 108 is installed thereon. A rear support 109 is installed at the rear end of the support frame 101. A laser rangefinder 110 is installed at the intermediate position, and the output end of the laser rangefinder 110 is horizontally positioned facing the center of the winding reel 103. Two triangular support brackets 105 are installed on both sides of the lower end of the C-shaped top frame 104. Multiple reinforcing plates 106 are welded between adjacent triangular support brackets 105. When the winding reel 103 is unwinding, the laser rangefinder 110 continuously monitors the change in the diameter of the winding reel. The controller adjusts the extension distance of the first hydraulic cylinder 107 accordingly, so that the pressure roller 108 is always pressed against the upper surface of the winding reel, thereby maintaining stable unwinding, facilitating subsequent tension adjustment, and preventing winding. Please see Figure 4 The tension control device 2 includes a support plate 201. Guide wheel brackets 202 are installed on both sides of the front end of the support plate 201. Guide wheel assemblies 203 are rotatably connected inside the guide wheel brackets 202. A support frame 204 is provided between the two guide wheel brackets 202. A second hydraulic cylinder 205 is installed on the upper end of the support frame 204. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 205 passes through and extends to the lower end of the support frame 204, and a tension wheel bracket 206 is installed thereon. A tension wheel assembly 207 is rotatably connected inside the tension wheel bracket 206. A pressure sensor is installed at the connection between the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 205 and the tension wheel bracket 206. The tension control device 2 adjusts the height of the tension wheel assembly 207 through the second hydraulic cylinder 205 and controls the cable tension within a set threshold according to the feedback of the pressure sensor to ensure the stability of the traction tension.

[0024] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6The clamping mechanism 303 includes an electric guide rail 3031. A movable clamping seat 3032 is mounted on the slider of the electric guide rail 3031. A fixed clamping seat 3035 is mounted on the outer wall of the lower end of the electric guide rail 3031. A chuck 3033 is mounted on the outer wall of both the movable clamping seat 3032 and the fixed clamping seat 3035, and the two chucks 3033 are arranged opposite to each other. The movable clamping seat 3032 and the fixed clamping seat 3035 are connected to the ends of the slider and the electric guide rail 3031 respectively by screws. Multiple V-shaped clamping grooves 3034 are provided on the inner wall of the chucks 3033. Servo motors 308 are mounted on both sides of the lower end of the circular housing 301. A drive wheel 307 is mounted on the output end of the servo motor 308. A universal wheel 309 is mounted on the front of the lower end of the circular housing 301. Ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensors 310 are installed on both sides of the wheel 309. A single-chip microcomputer, a wireless data transmission module and a GPS positioning module are installed inside the circular housing 301. An annular ball retainer 305 is provided on the outer wall of the circular housing 301. Multiple balls 306 are embedded in the annular ball retainer 305. The traction device 3 judges the path of travel based on ultrasonic recognition and moves forward stably along the roof wiring cable tray 4. The cable end is clamped by the rear clamping mechanism 303 to realize the traction and laying work. During the laying process, the GPS positioning module can provide real-time feedback on the device position, which is convenient for fault diagnosis and maintenance. The annular ball retainer 305 on the outer wall of the circular housing 301 can ensure the travel accuracy of the device along the roof wiring cable tray 4 through the cooperation of multiple balls 306.

[0025] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The rooftop wiring cable tray 4 includes a cable tray base 401, with a V-shaped drainage cover 402 installed on top of the cable tray base 401. The cable tray base 401 has several drainage holes 410 evenly distributed inside. Multiple connecting grooves 406 are provided at both ends of both sides of the cable tray base 401. Adjacent cable tray bases 401 are connected by connecting plates 407 and screws at the four corners of the connecting plates 407. The inner wall of the connecting plates 407 has locking protrusions that engage with the connecting grooves 406. 408. A folding cover 403 is provided at the end of the V-shaped flow guide cover 402. One side of the folding cover 403 is rotatably connected to the cable tray base 401 via a hinge 404, and the other side of the folding cover 403 is connected to the cable tray base 401 via a locking mechanism 405. A clamping member 409 is provided at the end of the cable tray base 401, and both sides of the clamping member 409 are connected to the cable tray base 401 via screws. Because the cable is laid inside the roof wiring cable tray 4, the impact of environmental factors on the cable laying is reduced.

[0026] Please see Figure 1-8 A method for laying a photovoltaic roof cable laying device includes the following steps: Step 1: First, pre-install the roof wiring cable tray 4 on the roof. Connect each section of the cable tray to the other side by connecting plate 407 and locking protrusion 408 and fasten with screws. After completion, place the cable laying device 1 and tension control device 2 at the starting end of the roof wiring cable tray 4, and place the traction device 3 inside the cable tray near the end of the cable laying device 1. Step 2: Install the cable-wound reel 103 onto the roller 102 of the wire feeding device 1, activate the laser rangefinder 110, calculate the reel diameter in real time by measuring the distance from the laser to the surface of the reel, and feed the signal back to the controller. The controller drives the first hydraulic cylinder 107 to move according to the detection result, so that the pressure roller 108 moves down to press the cover on the upper surface of the reel 103. Then, manually pull the cable end to guide it to the tension control device 2. Step 3: Introduce the cable from the guide wheel group 203 on one side of the tension control device 2, pass it around the underside of the tension wheel group 207, and then exit it through the guide wheel group 203 on the other side. Step 4: Extend the cable pulled out from the tension control device 2 to the clamping mechanism 303 at the rear end of the traction device 3, drive the electric guide rail 3031 to run, drive the moving clamp 3032 to move down, so that the upper and lower clamps 3033 cooperate to clamp the end of the cable. Step 5: Send a control signal to the traction device 3 via the remote terminal to start its operation. The traction device 3 drives the drive wheel 307 to rotate through the servo motor 308 at the bottom, and uses the ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensor 310 to identify the inner wall of the cable tray base 401, so as to realize autonomous movement in the roof wiring cable tray 4. During the traction process, the cable is continuously pulled out to complete the laying operation in the cable tray. Step 6: During the laying process, the laser rangefinder 110 continuously monitors the change in the diameter of the wire spool. The controller adjusts the first hydraulic cylinder 107 accordingly to keep the pressure roller 108 pressed against the upper surface of the wire spool, thus maintaining a smooth wire laying. The tension control device 2 adjusts the height of the tensioning wheel group 207 through the second hydraulic cylinder 205 and controls the cable tension within the set threshold based on the feedback from the pressure sensor to ensure stable traction tension. Step 7: When the traction device 3 reaches the end of the roof wiring cable tray 4, the operator opens the folding cover 403 of each section of the cable tray in sequence, and installs the clamping parts 409 in the corresponding positions to fix the cable in sections, thus completing the entire cable laying process.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic rooftop cable laying device, comprising a cable laying device (1), a tension control device (2), and a traction device (3), characterized in that: The traction device (3) is installed inside the roof wiring cable tray (4). The traction device (3) includes a circular housing (301). A power supply base (302) is installed at the rear end of the circular housing (301). A charging interface (304) is provided on the outer wall of the power supply base (302). A clamping mechanism (303) is installed at the rear end of the power supply base (302). A cable is wound on the cable-laying device (1). One end of the cable extends to the tension control device (2). After being tensioned by the tension control device (2), it is connected to the clamping mechanism (303) of the traction device (3). The cable-laying device (1) contains... The system includes two support frames (101), each with a roller (102) rotatably connected inside. A winding reel (103) is installed between the two support frames (101), with both sides of the reel (103) detachably connected to the roller (102). A C-shaped top frame (104) is installed above each support frame (101), and a first hydraulic cylinder (107) is installed at the upper end of the C-shaped top frame (104). The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (107) extends through and to the lower end of the C-shaped top frame (104), and a pressure roller (108) is installed thereon. The support frame (101) is equipped with a rear bracket (109) at its rear end. A laser rangefinder (110) is installed at the middle position of the rear bracket (109), and the output end of the laser rangefinder (110) is horizontally positioned towards the center of the winding reel (103). Two triangular support brackets (105) are installed on both sides of the lower end of the C-shaped top frame (104). Multiple reinforcing plates (106) are welded between adjacent triangular support brackets (105). The tension control device (2) includes a support plate (201). Guide wheel brackets (202) are installed on both sides of the front end of the support plate (201). A guide wheel assembly (203) is rotatably connected inside the wheel assembly bracket (202). A support bracket (204) is provided between the two guide wheel assembly brackets (202). A second hydraulic cylinder (205) is installed at the upper end of the support bracket (204). The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (205) passes through and extends to the lower end of the support bracket (204), and a tension wheel assembly bracket (206) is installed thereon. A tension wheel assembly (207) is rotatably connected inside the tension wheel assembly bracket (206). A pressure sensor is installed at the connection between the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (205) and the tension wheel assembly bracket (206).

2. The photovoltaic roof cable laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (303) includes an electric guide rail (3031), a movable clamp seat (3032) is mounted on the slider of the electric guide rail (3031), a fixed clamp seat (3035) is mounted on the outer wall of the lower end of the electric guide rail (3031), and a chuck (3033) is mounted on the outer wall of both the movable clamp seat (3032) and the fixed clamp seat (3035), and the two chucks (3033) are arranged opposite to each other. The movable clamp seat (3032) and the fixed clamp seat (3035) are connected to the ends of the slider and the electric guide rail (3031) respectively by screws. The inner wall of the chuck (3033) is provided with a plurality of V-shaped clamping grooves (3034).

3. A photovoltaic rooftop cable laying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Servo motors (308) are installed on both sides of the lower end of the circular housing (301). A drive wheel (307) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (308). A caster wheel (309) is installed at the front of the lower end of the circular housing (301). An ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensor (310) is provided on both sides of the caster wheel (309). A microcontroller chip, a wireless data transmission module and a GPS positioning module are installed inside the circular housing (301). A ring ball retainer (305) is provided on the outer wall of the circular housing (301). Multiple balls (306) are embedded in the ring ball retainer (305).

4. A photovoltaic rooftop cable laying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roof wiring cable tray (4) includes a cable tray base (401), a V-shaped guide cover (402) is installed on the top of the cable tray base (401), a number of water seepage holes (410) are provided inside the cable tray base (401), and the number of water seepage holes (410) are evenly distributed. Multiple connecting grooves (406) are provided at both ends of both sides of the cable tray base (401). Adjacent cable tray bases (401) are connected by connecting plates (407) and screws at the four corners of the connecting plates (407). The inner wall of the connecting plates (407) is provided with locking protrusions (408) that engage with the connecting grooves (406).

5. A photovoltaic rooftop cable laying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The V-shaped flow guide cover (402) is provided with a folding cover (403) at its end. One side of the folding cover (403) is rotatably connected to the cable tray base (401) via a hinge (404). The other side of the folding cover (403) is connected to the cable tray base (401) via a locking mechanism (405). The end of the cable tray base (401) is provided with a clamping member (409), and both sides of the clamping member (409) are connected to the cable tray base (401) via screws.

6. A method for laying a photovoltaic rooftop cable laying device, implemented based on the photovoltaic rooftop cable laying device described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, pre-install the roof wiring cable tray (4) on the roof. Connect each section of the cable tray to the other side by connecting plate (407) and locking protrusion (408) and fasten with screws. After completion, place the cable laying device (1) and tension control device (2) at the starting end of the roof wiring cable tray (4) and place the traction device (3) inside the cable tray near the cable laying device (1). Step 2: Install the cable reel (103) onto the roller (102) of the wire feeding device (1), start the laser range sensor (110), calculate the diameter of the reel in real time by measuring the distance from the laser to the surface of the reel, and feed the signal back to the controller. The controller drives the first hydraulic cylinder (107) to move according to the detection result, so that the pressure roller (108) moves down to press the cover on the upper surface of the reel (103). Then, manually pull the cable end to lead it to the tension control device (2). Step 3: Introduce the cable from the guide wheel group (203) on one side of the tension control device (2), pass it around the underside of the tension wheel group (207), and then exit it through the guide wheel group (203) on the other side; Step 4: Extend the cable pulled out from the tension control device (2) to the clamping mechanism (303) at the rear end of the traction device (3), drive the electric guide rail (3031) to run, drive the moving clamp (3032) to move down, so that the upper and lower clamps (3033) cooperate to clamp the end of the cable. Step 5: Send a control signal to the traction device (3) through the remote terminal to start its operation. The traction device (3) drives the drive wheel (307) to rotate through the servo motor (308) at the bottom, and identifies the inner wall of the cable tray base (401) with the help of the ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensor (310), so as to realize autonomous walking in the roof wiring cable tray (4). During the traction process, the cable is continuously pulled out to complete the laying operation in the cable tray. Step 6: During the laying process, the laser rangefinder (110) continuously monitors the change in the diameter of the wire spool. The controller adjusts the first hydraulic cylinder (107) accordingly to keep the pressure roller (108) pressed against the upper surface of the wire spool, thus keeping the wire laying stable. The tension control device (2) adjusts the height of the tensioning wheel group (207) through the second hydraulic cylinder (205) and controls the cable tension within the set threshold according to the feedback of the pressure sensor to ensure stable traction tension. Step 7: When the traction equipment (3) reaches the end of the roof wiring cable tray (4), the operator opens the flip cover (403) of each section of the cable tray in sequence, and installs the clamping parts (409) in the corresponding positions to fix the cable in sections, and finally completes the entire cable laying process.

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