Composite fire-resistant hydraulic oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic oil, and specifically provides a composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil and a preparation method thereof.A kind of composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil, including the following components by weight: deionized water 40-50 parts, solubilizer 50-60 parts, lubricant 3-8 parts, and auxiliary 2-2.3 parts; the lubricant is prepared by reaction of acrylamide derivative and N-vinylpyrrolidone.The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil prepared by the application has the advantage of good lubricating and wear-resistant properties.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic oil, and particularly relates to a composite fire-resistant hydraulic oil and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a special working medium for hydraulic systems, the core feature of fire-resistant hydraulic oil is to have both hydraulic transmission function and fire-retardant safety performance, which can be used in extreme working conditions with open flames and high temperature risks, thereby providing basic guarantee for stable operation of the hydraulic system. Under the background of industrial production developing in the direction of high temperature, high pressure and continuous production, the flammable characteristics of traditional mineral oil-based hydraulic oil cannot meet the safety needs of high-risk environments, and therefore the research and application of fire-resistant hydraulic oil has become one of the key technical directions to ensure the safety of industrial production.

[0003] The water-glycol fire-resistant hydraulic oil is one of the most widely used fire-resistant hydraulic oil systems at present. This kind of hydraulic oil takes water and ethylene glycol as the basic carrier, and realizes the balance between fire-retardant performance and hydraulic working performance through the addition of composite additives. This system uses the high specific heat capacity of water to achieve efficient cooling, uses the antifreeze characteristics of ethylene glycol to broaden the temperature range, and optimizes the formula through additional functional additives, so as to meet the core requirement of fire resistance and as far as possible meet the comprehensive performance demands of the hydraulic system on the working medium. Compared with other fire-resistant hydraulic oil systems, the water-glycol fire-resistant hydraulic oil has obvious advantages in fire-retardant efficiency, environmental adaptability and cost control, which makes it a preferred medium for high-risk hydraulic systems.

[0004] Lubricity and wear resistance are part of the core performance of fire-resistant hydraulic oil to ensure the long-term operation of the hydraulic system. The moving pairs of key components such as pumps, valves and oil cylinders in the hydraulic system have precise fit, which requires the formation of a stable oil film by the hydraulic oil to realize the lubrication between multiple components, reduce friction and wear, and avoid component jamming, leakage and other faults. However, the water-glycol fire-resistant hydraulic oil system has obvious deficiencies in natural lubrication performance compared with mineral oil due to its high water content. In the ideal state, the lubricating film needs to maintain uniform thickness and structural integrity under the action of pressure fluctuation, temperature change and fluid shear force, but the polar characteristics and high water content of the water-glycol system make the lubricating film formed by it easily disturbed by external factors, often appearing phenomena such as uneven film thickness, local rupture or shedding. Unstable film layer directly leads to lubrication failure of the moving pair surface, aggravating component wear and aging, not only reducing the working efficiency and service life of the hydraulic system, but also possibly causing serious equipment failure, which becomes a key obstacle to the further popularization and application of water-glycol fire-resistant hydraulic oil in high-risk working conditions, and needs to be broken through by means of additive formula improvement and optimization. SUMMARY

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues and further improve the stability of the lubricating film, thereby enabling the hydraulic oil to possess excellent lubrication and wear resistance properties, this application provides a composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil and its preparation method.

[0006] This application first provides a composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil, comprising the following components: deionized water, solubilizer, lubricant, and additives;

[0007] The lubricant is prepared by reacting an acrylamide derivative with N-vinylpyrrolidone.

[0008] The acrylamide derivatives include 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the lubricant includes the following steps: adding N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide and 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid to a solvent, reacting for a period of time under the action of an initiator, then adding a mixture composed of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone, continuing the reaction, and rotary evaporating to obtain the lubricant.

[0010] Furthermore, the solvent is prepared by mixing deionized water and ethanol in a mass ratio of (1-1.5):1.

[0011] Furthermore, the mass ratio of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide, 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid to N-vinylpyrrolidone is (1-1.2):1:(1.8-2):(1.2-1.5).

[0012] Furthermore, the addition time of the mixture is 40-60 minutes.

[0013] Furthermore, the solubilizer is any one of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol. Even further, the solubilizer is ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol.

[0014] Furthermore, the additives include rust inhibitors, defoamers, antioxidants, and extreme pressure anti-wear agents.

[0015] Furthermore, the rust inhibitor is a carboxylate-based rust inhibitor;

[0016] And / or, the defoamer is an organosilicone defoamer;

[0017] And / or, the antioxidant is an amine antioxidant;

[0018] And / or, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a sulfur compound-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent.

[0019] Furthermore, by weight, the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil comprises the following components: 40-50 parts deionized water, 50-60 parts solubilizer, 3-8 parts lubricant, and 2-2.3 parts additives.

[0020] This application also provides a method for preparing a composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil, comprising the following steps: mixing deionized water, solubilizer, lubricant, and additives evenly to obtain a composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The sulfonic acid and amide groups in the lubricant are adsorbed onto the surface of the metal matrix through ionic and coordinate bonds, forming a protective film. At the same time, the polymer backbone in the lubricant uses high bond energy CC segments, with functional side chains connected by CC, CN, and CS bonds. The CC backbone gives the polymer a certain degree of fracture resistance at high temperatures. Meanwhile, the introduction of cyclic structures and benzene rings increases the rotational resistance within the polymer molecule, thereby improving the rigidity of the polymer molecular chain segments. The interfacial effect of the rigid structure enhances the adsorption force of the lubricant on the metal matrix, reduces high-temperature desorption, and thus allows the oil film formed at higher temperatures to exist stably, improving its lubrication and wear resistance.

[0023] 2. During the preparation of the lubricant, a series of acrylamide derivatives are added. The resulting polymer has high steric hindrance around the boron element, which to a certain extent avoids direct contact between water and the lubricant, inhibits hydrolysis, and improves the effective interaction rate between the boron element and the metal matrix, thereby enhancing the wear resistance and lubrication performance of the hydraulic oil. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a thermogravimetric analysis diagram of the dried lubricant product from Example 1 of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a thermogravimetric analysis diagram of the dried lubricant product of control group 1 in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Based on extensive experimental research, this application provides a composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil, comprising the following components: deionized water, solubilizer, lubricant, and additives;

[0027] The lubricant is prepared by reacting N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide, acrylamide phenylboronic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and N-vinylpyrrolidone.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, the preparation method of the lubricant includes the following steps: adding N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide and 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid to a solvent, adjusting the temperature to 65-80°C, reacting for 35-50 min under the action of an initiator, then adding a mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone, continuing the reaction for 1.5-2 h, after the reaction is completed, rotary evaporating for 30-40 min, then adding a certain amount of deionized water, and rotary evaporating again to obtain the lubricant.

[0029] In some embodiments of this application, the solvent is prepared by mixing deionized water and ethanol in a mass ratio of (1-1.5):1.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of this application, the mass ratio of deionized water to ethanol can be (1-1.1):1, (1.1-1.2):1, (1.2-1.3):1, (1.3-1.4):1, or (1.4-1.5):1; typically, but not limitingly, it can be 1:1 or 1.5:1, for example.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, the mass ratio of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide, 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone is (1-1.2):1:(1.8-2):(1.2-1.5).

[0032] In some specific embodiments of this application, the mass ratio of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide, 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and N-vinylpyrrolidone can be (1-1.1):1:(1.8-1.9):(1.2-1.3), (1-1.1):1:(1.8-1.9):(1.3-1.4), (1-1.1):1:(1.8-1.9):(1.4-1.5), (1.1-1.2):1:(1.8-1.9):(1.2-1.3), (1.1-1.2):1:(1.8-1.9):(1.3-1.4 ... 8-1.9):(1.4-1.5),(1-1.1):1:(1.9-2):(1.2-1.3),(1-1.1):1:(1.9-2):(1.3-1.4),(1-1.1):1:(1.9-2):(1.4-1.5),(1.1-1.2):1:(1.9-2):(1.2-1.3),(1.1-1.2):1:(1.9-2):(1.3-1.4),(1.1-1.2):1:(1.9-2):(1.4-1.5); typically but not restrictive, for example, it can be 1:1:1.8:1.5, 1.2:1:1.8:1.4, 1.2:1:2:1.2.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the addition time of the mixture is 40-60 minutes.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of this application, the addition time of the mixture can be 40-45 min, 45-50 min, 50-55 min, or 55-60 min; typically, but not limitingly, it can be 50 min or 60 min.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The preparation method of the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil in this embodiment is as follows: Take 40g of deionized water and place it in a beaker. Add 50g of ethylene glycol and 3g of lubricant while stirring continuously. Heat the beaker to adjust the temperature to 60℃ and stir at a constant temperature for 30min. Then cool it to room temperature. Then add 1g of rust inhibitor Fsail 3190, 0.05g of defoamer BYK-024, 0.15g of antioxidant Suncon 100, and 0.8g of extreme pressure anti-wear agent T2540 sulfurized olefin. Continue stirring for 40min to obtain the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil.

[0037] The lubricant preparation method of this embodiment is as follows: Weigh 120g of deionized water into a 500mL three-necked flask, start stirring, add 120g of ethanol, mix well, then add 10g of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide and 10g of 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, heat to adjust the temperature to 65℃, then add 0.75g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, and continue stirring for 35min. Then slowly add a mixture of 18g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and 15g of N-vinylpyrrolidone, controlling the addition time to 50min. After the mixture is added, continue to react at a constant temperature for 2h. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product is rotary evaporated at a temperature of 65℃ and a vacuum of -0.08MPa for 30min. After that, add 80g of deionized water, and rotary evaporate again under the same conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The preparation method of the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil in this embodiment is as follows: Take 50g of deionized water and place it in a beaker. Add 60g of ethylene glycol and 8g of lubricant while stirring continuously. Heat the beaker to 60℃ and stir at a constant temperature for 40min. Then cool it to room temperature. Then add 1.2g of rust inhibitor Fsail 3190, 0.1g of defoamer BYK-024, 0.2g of antioxidant Suncon 100, and 0.8g of extreme pressure anti-wear agent T2540 sulfurized olefin. Continue stirring for 40min to obtain the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil.

[0040] The lubricant preparation method of this embodiment is as follows: Weigh 120g of deionized water into a 500mL three-necked flask, start stirring, add 120g of ethanol, mix well, then add 12g of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide and 10g of 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, heat to adjust the temperature to 80℃, then add 0.75g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, and continue stirring for 40min. Then slowly add a mixture of 18g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and 14g of N-vinylpyrrolidone, controlling the addition time to 50min. After the mixture is added, continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 1.5h. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product is rotary evaporated at a temperature of 65℃ and a vacuum of -0.08MPa for 40min. After that, add 85g of deionized water, and rotary evaporate again under the same conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The preparation method of the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil in this embodiment is as follows: Take 45g of deionized water and place it in a beaker. Add 58g of ethylene glycol and 5g of lubricant while stirring continuously. Heat the mixture to 60℃ and stir at a constant temperature for 40min. Then cool it to room temperature. Subsequently, add 1g of rust inhibitor Fsail 3190, 0.1g of defoamer BYK-024, 0.15g of antioxidant Suncon 100, and 0.8g of extreme pressure anti-wear agent T2540 sulfurized olefin. Continue stirring for 40min to obtain the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil.

[0043] The lubricant preparation method of this embodiment is as follows: Weigh 154.5g of deionized water into a 500mL three-necked flask, start stirring, add 103g of ethanol, mix well, then add 12g of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide and 10g of 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, heat to adjust the temperature to 70℃, then add 0.75g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, and continue stirring for 50min. Then slowly add a mixture of 20g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and 15g of N-vinylpyrrolidone, controlling the addition time to 60min. After the mixture is added, continue the reaction at a constant temperature for 1.6h. After the reaction is completed, the obtained product is rotary evaporated at a temperature of 65℃ and a vacuum of -0.08MPa for 35min. After that, add 90g of deionized water and rotary evaporate again under the same conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0044] Control group 1

[0045] The lubricant for this control group was prepared as follows: 110g of deionized water was weighed and added to a 500mL three-necked flask. Stirring was started, and 110g of ethanol was added. After mixing evenly, 10g of N-vinylpyrrolidone and 10g of 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid were added. The temperature was heated to 65℃, and then 0.75g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile was added. The mixture was stirred continuously for 35min. Then, 33g of N-vinylpyrrolidone was slowly added, with the addition time controlled at 50min. After the mixture was added, the reaction was continued at a constant temperature for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the product was rotary evaporated at a temperature of 65℃ and a vacuum of -0.08MPa for 30min. After that, 80g of deionized water was added, and rotary evaporation was carried out again under the same conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0046] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Control group 2

[0048] The lubricant for this control group was prepared as follows: 110g of deionized water was weighed and added to a 500mL three-necked flask. Stirring was started, and 110g of ethanol was added. After mixing evenly, 10g of N-vinylpyrrolidone and 10g of 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid were added. The temperature was heated to 65℃, and then 0.75g of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile was added. The mixture was stirred continuously for 35min. Then, a mixture consisting of 18g of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and 15g of N-vinylpyrrolidone was slowly added, with the addition time controlled at 50min. After the mixture was added, the reaction was continued at a constant temperature for 2h. After the reaction was completed, the product was rotary evaporated at a temperature of 65℃ and a vacuum of -0.08MPa for 30min. After that, 80g of deionized water was added, and rotary evaporation was carried out again under the same conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0049] The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0050] Performance testing

[0051] 1. Tribological property testing

[0052] Referring to standard GB / T3142-2019, the maximum non-seize load (PB) and wear scar diameter of the hydraulic oil in Examples 1-3 and Control Groups 1-2 were measured. The test temperature was room temperature, the load was 392 N, the rotation speed was 1450 r / min, and the test time was 30 min. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0053] 2. Determination of kinematic viscosity and viscosity index

[0054] The viscosity of the hydraulic oils in Examples 1-3 and Control Groups 1-2 was tested using the method shown in GB / T265-1988. The viscosity index was calculated using GB / T1995-1998. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] 3. Thermal stability test

[0056] The lubricants from Example 1 and Control Group 1 were spray-dried to obtain powder samples. The thermal stability of the powder samples was tested using a thermogravimetric analyzer under the following conditions: in a nitrogen atmosphere, the temperature was increased from room temperature to 700℃ at a rate of 20℃ / min. The test results are as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0057] Table 1. Test data of various hydraulic oil properties in Examples 1-3 and Control Groups 1-2

[0058]

[0059] Analysis of Examples 1-3 and Control Groups 1-2, combined with Table 1 and...Figures 1-2 It can be seen that the viscosity index of the hydraulic oil prepared in the examples is higher than that of the control group. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the examples also has better wear resistance and lubrication performance than the hydraulic oil in the control group. Figures 1-2 Analysis reveals that the lubricant of Example 1 exhibits higher thermal stability. This may be because 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide possess long-chain side groups. These larger, rigid side groups introduce significant steric hindrance, making the polymer chains more compact when stacked, stabilizing the main chain, and making the bonds in the molecular chain more robust. When the lubricant of the example is used in hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil exhibits superior performance.

[0060] Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil, characterized in that: It includes the following components: deionized water, solubilizer, lubricant, and additives; The lubricant is prepared by reacting an acrylamide derivative with N-vinylpyrrolidone. The acrylamide derivatives include 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide, and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid; The preparation method of the lubricant includes the following steps: adding N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide and 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid to a solvent, reacting for a period of time under the action of an initiator, then adding a mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone, continuing the reaction, and rotary evaporating to obtain the lubricant.

2. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent is prepared by mixing deionized water and ethanol in a mass ratio of (1-1.5):

1.

3. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide, 3-acrylamide phenylboronic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone is (1-1.2):1:(1.8-2):(1.2-1.5).

4. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixture is added over a period of 40-60 minutes.

5. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solubilizer is any one of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.

6. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additives include rust inhibitors, defoamers, antioxidants, and extreme pressure anti-wear agents.

7. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is a carboxylate-based rust inhibitor; And / or, the defoamer is an organosilicone defoamer; And / or, the antioxidant is an amine antioxidant; And / or, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a sulfur compound-based extreme pressure anti-wear agent.

8. The composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight, the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil comprises the following components: 40-50 parts deionized water, 50-60 parts solubilizer, 3-8 parts lubricant, and 2-2.3 parts additives.

9. A method for preparing the composite flame-retardant hydraulic oil as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: mixing deionized water, solubilizer, lubricant, and additives evenly to obtain a composite fire-retardant hydraulic oil.

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