Improved tool changing mechanism and working method

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved tool changing mechanism and a working method. The improved tool changing mechanism comprises a tool rotating disc, a plurality of sets of tool clamps used for clamping machining tools and a main shaft. The tool holder comprises a fixed seat, a first clamping arm, a second clamping arm, a clamping arm elastic piece and a swinging part; the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the tool turntable; the middle of the first clamping arm and the middle of the second clamping arm are rotationally connected to the fixing base, and a containing cavity used for clamping a machining tool is formed between the head of the first clamping arm and the head of the second clamping arm. The swing part is rotationally connected to the top of the fixed seat; the main shaft is connected with an unlocking part; the swinging part is provided with an unlocking position and a locking position; when the swing part is located at the locking position, the swing part limits the tail parts of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to rotate towards the limiting space; the swing part can rotate to an unlocking position under the abutting action of the unlocking part; the swing part is connected with a torsion spring. Compared with the prior art, through the improved tool holder structure, the swing part is matched with the unlocking part on the main shaft, an additional control structure is not needed, stable clamping of a machining tool can be achieved, and automatic unlocking can be achieved during tool changing; even if a heavy machining tool is used, the tool can be stable and does not fall off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool magazine technology, specifically to an improved tool changing mechanism and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic tool changers significantly improve machine tool processing efficiency. Tools are mounted on a tool turret, and the spindle moves to the tool changer to pick up and place tools. The tool turret is equipped with a tool holder, whose two clamping arms are spring-loaded to hold the tool. When inserting a tool, the spindle moves, moving the tool and forcing it into the tool holder by overcoming the spring force. The spindle then releases the tool. When removing a tool, the spindle grips the tool, and its movement moves the tool, forcing it out of the tool holder by overcoming the spring force.

[0003] However, the spring force diminishes with use, resulting in insufficient clamping force. Furthermore, the high-speed rotation of the tool turntable during tool changes generates centrifugal force, which can cause the tool to overcome the spring force and fall out of the tool holder, resulting in tool dropping.

[0004] In view of this, the inventor conducted in-depth research on the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, which led to the creation of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an improved tool changing mechanism and its working method, which reduces the probability of tool drop and makes the machine tool work more stably.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is: An improved tool changing mechanism includes a tool turntable, several sets of tool holders for holding machining tools, and a spindle that can move axially and radially relative to the tool turntable; the several sets of tool holders are fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the tool turntable. The tool holder includes a fixed base, a first clamping arm, a second clamping arm, a clamping arm elastic element, and a swinging part. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the tool turntable. The middle parts of the first and second clamping arms are rotatably connected to the fixed base, and a receiving cavity for clamping the machining tool is formed between the heads of the first and second clamping arms. The clamping arm elastic element acts on the first and second clamping arms to clamp the machining tool in the receiving cavity. The swinging part is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed seat away from the receiving cavity; the main shaft is connected to an unlocking part for abutting against the swinging part; the swinging part has an unlocked position and a locked position; when the swinging part is in the locked position, the swinging part is located in the limiting space between the tails of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to restrict the tails of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm from rotating into the limiting space; the swinging part can rotate to the unlocked position under the abutting action of the unlocking part, so that the swinging part leaves the limiting space and releases the movement restriction on the tails of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm; the swinging part is connected to a torsion spring for resetting the swinging part from the unlocked position to the locked position.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping arm elastic element includes a first abutting spring and a second abutting spring; the fixing base is respectively formed with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole facing the tail of the first clamping arm and the tail of the second clamping arm, and the first abutting spring and the second abutting spring are respectively disposed in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, the first abutting spring abuts against the tail of the first clamping arm, and the second abutting spring abuts against the tail of the second clamping arm.

[0008] Furthermore, the tail of the first clamping arm is provided with a first abutting head, and the tail of the second clamping arm is provided with a second abutting head; the swinging part is formed with a first abutting seat and a second abutting seat respectively corresponding to the first abutting head and the second abutting head; when the swinging part is in the locked position, the first abutting seat and the second abutting seat respectively restrict the first abutting head and the second abutting head from rotating in the limiting space.

[0009] Furthermore, both the first abutment head and the second abutment head are provided with a spherical crown-shaped abutment protrusion; the first abutment seat has a first abutment plane facing the first abutment head, and the second abutment seat has a second abutment plane facing the second abutment head.

[0010] Furthermore, the tail of the first clamping arm is formed with a first threaded hole, and the tail of the second clamping arm is formed with a second threaded hole; the first abutment head is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole, and the second abutment head is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole; and the extension length of the first abutment head and the extension length of the second abutment head on the first threaded hole can be adjusted by the threads.

[0011] Furthermore, both the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are threaded through holes; a first abutting screw is also provided in the first threaded hole, and the first abutting screw abuts against the first abutting head; a second abutting screw is also provided in the second threaded hole, and the second abutting screw abuts against the second abutting head.

[0012] Furthermore, the heads of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively provided with a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel; the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are located at the opening of the receiving cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, a drive arm for abutting against the unlocking part is fixedly connected to the swinging part; when the swinging part is in the locked position, the drive arm has an upward angle with the horizontal plane; the upper end of the drive arm is higher than the swinging axis of the swinging part; a third guide wheel is provided at the end of the drive arm away from the swinging part; the upper part of the unlocking part has a guide slope for abutting against the drive arm, and the lower end of the guide slope is connected to the vertically arranged abutting plane on the unlocking part.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixed base has two lugs, each lug having a through hole, and a spindle is disposed within the through hole; the torsion spring is sleeved on the spindle between the two lugs; the swinging part is connected to the spindle outside the lugs; and the two free ends of the torsion spring abut against the fixed base and the swinging part, respectively.

[0015] A working method of an improved tool changing mechanism, wherein the improved tool changing mechanism further includes a tool return step and a tool removal step; In the tool return step, ① the spindle carries the tool to be returned to the outside of the empty tool holder in the tool change position; ② the spindle carries the tool to be returned to the receiving cavity between the heads of the first and second clamping arms. At this time, the unlocking part abuts against the swinging part, causing the swinging part to rotate from the locked position to the unlocked position; during the process of the tool to be returned entering, the first and second clamping arms are driven to open. After the tool to be returned enters the receiving cavity, the first and second clamping arms clamp the tool to be returned under the elastic action of the clamping arm elastic element; ③ the spindle releases the tool to be returned, and the spindle, along with the unlocking part, moves away from the tool to be returned and the swinging part axially; the swinging part returns to the locked position under the action of the torsion spring. At this time, the swinging part is located between the tails of the first and second clamping arms to restrict the heads of the first and second clamping arms from opening relative to each other. In the tool removal step, ① the tool turntable rotates the tool holder with the target machining tool to the tool change position, and the spindle moves to the axial position of the target machining tool; ② the spindle moves axially and locks the target machining tool. At this time, under the action of the unlocking part, the swinging part rotates from the locked position to the unlocked position; ③ the spindle drives the tool to disengage radially from the opening of the receiving cavity. After disengagement, the swinging part rotates from the unlocked position to the locked position.

[0016] With the above structure, the improved tool changing mechanism and working method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By employing an unlocking part that engages with the swinging part during spindle movement, the unlocking part abuts against the swinging part during tool changing, rotating the swinging part from the locked position to the unlocked position. This releases the restriction on the swinging part's rotation towards the limiting space at the tails of the first and second clamping arms, allowing the machining tool to be smoothly removed from or loaded into the tool holder's receiving cavity. After the spindle leaves, the swinging part restricts the rotation of the tails of the first and second clamping arms towards the limiting space, preventing the heads of the first and second clamping arms from opening, thus preventing the machining tool from falling out of the receiving cavity when the tool turntable rotates. Furthermore, the use of a flip-type swinging part for locking and unlocking ensures that the swinging part or the unlocking part is less likely to break when the unlocking part, which moves with the spindle, comes into contact with it.

[0017] Second, the swing part is provided with a drive arm, which makes it convenient for the unlocking part to abut against the drive arm in both axial and radial upward directions, and the drive arm can easily rotate to the unlocking position; by setting a guide slope, when the spindle returns the tool, the third guide wheel of the drive arm can first contact the guide slope, and as the spindle moves upward, the third guide wheel gradually abuts against the contact plane, thus making the unlocking process smoother.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves stable clamping of machining tools through an improved tool holder structure, which uses the swing part to cooperate with the unlocking part on the spindle. It does not require an additional control structure and can automatically unlock during tool change. Even with heavy machining tools, it can achieve stable clamping without dropping the tool. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention, showing only the tool holder in the tool changing position.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention when the spindle is preparing to approach the machining tool for tool removal.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram showing the spindle locking the machining tool while the unlocking part pushes the swinging part against the unlocking position.

[0025] Figure 7This is an enlarged front view of the structure when the main spindle locks the machining tool and the unlocking part pushes the swinging part to the unlocking position.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool holder and machining tool.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tool holder and machining tool from an axial perspective.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the tool holder and machining tool.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the blade holder with the swinging part in the unlocked position.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the blade clip at the second angle when the swinging part is in the unlocked position.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the blade clip at the third angle when the swinging part is in the unlocked position.

[0032] In the picture: Tool turntable 1; spindle 2; unlocking part 21; guide slope 211; abutment plane 212; tool holder 3; fixed seat 31; lug 311; spindle 312; first clamping arm 32; abutment protrusion 320; first abutment head 321; first threaded hole 322; first abutment screw 323; first guide wheel 324; second clamping arm 33; second abutment head 331; second threaded hole 332; second abutment screw 333; second guide wheel 334; first abutment spring 341; second abutment spring 342; receiving cavity 35; limiting space 36; swing part 37; first abutment seat 371; second abutment seat 372; first abutment plane 373; second abutment plane 374; drive arm 375; third guide wheel 376; torsion spring 38; machining tool 100. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, this invention relates to an improved tool changing mechanism, characterized in that it includes a tool turntable 1, several sets of tool holders 3 for clamping machining tools, and a spindle 2 capable of moving axially and radially relative to the tool turntable 1; the several sets of tool holders 3 are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the tool turntable 1.

[0035] The tool holder 3 includes a fixed base 31, a first clamping arm 32, a second clamping arm 33, a clamping arm elastic element, and a swinging part 37. The fixed base 31 is fixedly connected to the tool turntable 1. The first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 are rotatably connected to the fixed base 31 at their middle parts. A receiving cavity 35 for clamping the machining tool is formed between the heads of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33. The clamping arm elastic element acts on the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 to clamp the machining tool in the receiving cavity 35.

[0036] The swing part 37 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed base 31 away from the receiving cavity 35; the main shaft 2 is connected to an unlocking part 21 for abutting against the swing part 37; the swing part 37 has an unlocked position and a locked position; when the swing part 37 is in the locked position, the swing part 37 is located in the limiting space 36 between the tails of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 to restrict the tails of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 from rotating towards the limiting space 36; the swing part 37 can rotate to the unlocked position under the abutting action of the unlocking part 21, so that the swing part 37 leaves the limiting space 36 and releases the restriction on the movement of the tails of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33; the swing part 37 is connected to a torsion spring 38 for resetting the swing part 37 from the unlocked position to the locked position.

[0037] Thus, the improved tool changing mechanism and operating method of the present invention, through the cooperation of the unlocking part 21 with the swing part 37 when the spindle 2 moves, realizes that during the tool changing process, the unlocking part 21 abuts against the swing part 37 to rotate the swing part 37 from the locked position to the unlocked position; thereby releasing the restriction on the swing part 37 to rotate towards the limiting space 36 at the tail of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33, so that the machining tool 100 can be smoothly removed from or installed in the receiving cavity 35 of the tool holder 3. After the spindle 2 leaves, because the swing part 37 restricts the tail of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 from rotating towards the limiting space 36 in the limiting space 36, the heads of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 cannot open, so that the machining tool 100 in the receiving cavity 35 is not easy to fall out when the tool turntable 1 rotates. Furthermore, the use of a flip-type swing part 37 to achieve locking and unlocking has the characteristic that when the unlocking part 21, which moves with the spindle 2, touches the swing part 37, it is not easy to break the swing part 37 or the unlocking part 21.

[0038] like Figure 10As shown, the clamping arm elastic element includes a first abutting spring 341 and a second abutting spring 342. The fixed base 31 has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole respectively facing the tails of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33. The first abutting spring 341 and the second abutting spring 342 are respectively disposed in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole. The first abutting spring 341 abuts against the tail of the first clamping arm 32, and the second abutting spring 342 abuts against the tail of the second clamping arm 33. The first abutting spring 341 and the second abutting spring 342 are disposed within the fixed base 31, resulting in a compact structure while also preventing machining debris from affecting the smooth movement of the first abutting spring 341 and the second abutting spring 342.

[0039] Preferably, the tail of the first clamping arm 32 is provided with a first abutment head 321, and the tail of the second clamping arm 33 is provided with a second abutment head 331; the swinging part 37 is formed with a first abutment seat 371 and a second abutment seat 372 respectively corresponding to the first abutment head 321 and the second abutment head 331; when the swinging part 37 is in the locked position, the first abutment seat 371 and the second abutment seat 372 respectively restrict the first abutment head 321 and the second abutment head 331 from rotating toward the limiting space 36. The first abutment head 321, the second abutment head 331, the first abutment seat 371 and the second abutment seat 372 are independent components, which facilitates maintenance and replacement after wear. To further reduce the resistance of the swing part 37 when switching between the unlocked and locked positions, both the first abutment head 321 and the second abutment head 331 are provided with a crown-shaped abutment protrusion 320; the first abutment seat 371 has a first abutment plane 373 facing the first abutment head 321, and the second abutment seat 372 has a second abutment plane 374 facing the second abutment head 331.

[0040] Preferably, the tail of the first clamping arm 32 has a first threaded hole 322, and the tail of the second clamping arm 33 has a second threaded hole 332; the first abutment head 321 is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole 322, and the second abutment head 331 is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole 332; and the extension length of the first abutment head 321 and the extension length of the second abutment head 331 in the first threaded hole 322 can be adjusted by the threads. Thus, the gap between the abutment heads and their corresponding abutment seats can be adjusted by adjusting the extension lengths of the first abutment head 321 and the second abutment head 331.

[0041] Furthermore, both the first threaded hole 322 and the second threaded hole 332 are threaded through holes; a first abutting screw 323 is also provided in the first threaded hole 322, and the first abutting screw 323 abuts against the first abutting head 321; a second abutting screw 333 is also provided in the second threaded hole 332, and the second abutting screw 333 abuts against the second abutting head 331. After the extension length of the first abutting head 321 and the second abutting head 331 is adjusted, the first abutting screw 323 and the second abutting screw 333 are respectively tightened against the first abutting head 321 and the second abutting head 331, thereby fixing the length of the first abutting head 321 and the second abutting head 331.

[0042] Preferably, the heads of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 are respectively provided with a first guide wheel 324 and a second guide wheel 334; the first guide wheel 324 and the second guide wheel 334 are located at the opening of the receiving cavity 35. The arrangement of the first guide wheel 324 and the second guide wheel 334 can reduce the resistance of the spindle 100 driving the machining tool in and out of the receiving cavity 35.

[0043] Preferably, a drive arm 375 for abutting against the unlocking part 21 is fixedly connected to the swing part 37; when the swing part 37 is in the locked position, the drive arm 375 has an upward angle with the horizontal plane; the upper end of the drive arm 375 is higher than the swing axis of the swing part 37; a third guide wheel 376 is provided at the end of the drive arm 375 away from the swing part 37; the upper part of the unlocking part 21 has a guide slope 211 for abutting against the drive arm 375, and the lower end of the guide slope 211 is connected to the vertically arranged abutting plane 212 on the unlocking part 21. The swing part 37 is provided with a drive arm 375, which makes it convenient for the unlocking part 21 to abut against the drive arm 375 in both axial and radial upward directions, and the drive arm 375 can easily rotate to the unlocking position. By setting the guide slope 211, when the spindle 2 returns the tool, the third guide wheel 376 of the drive arm 375 can first contact the guide slope 211. As the spindle 2 moves upward, the third guide wheel 376 gradually abuts against the abutting plane 212, which makes the unlocking process smoother.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, the fixed base 31 has two lugs 311, each lug 311 has a through hole, and a spindle 312 is disposed in the through hole; the torsion spring 38 is sleeved on the spindle 312 between the two lugs 311; the swing part 37 is connected to the spindle 312 outside the lugs 311; the two free ends of the torsion spring 38 abut against the fixed base 31 and the swing part 37 respectively.

[0045] The present invention also provides a working method of an improved tool changing mechanism, wherein the improved tool changing mechanism further includes a tool return step and a tool removal step; In the tool return step, ① the spindle 2 carries the tool to be returned to the outside of the empty tool holder 3 in the tool change position; ② the spindle 2 carries the tool to be returned to the receiving cavity 35 between the heads of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33. At this time, the unlocking part 21 abuts against the swinging part 37 so that the swinging part 37 rotates from the locked position to the unlocked position; during the process of the tool to be returned entering, the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 are driven to open. After the tool to be returned enters the receiving cavity 35, the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 clamp the tool to be returned under the elastic action of the clamping arm elastic element; ③ the spindle 2 releases the tool to be returned, and the spindle 2, along with the unlocking part 21, moves away from the tool to be returned and the swinging part 37 axially; the swinging part 37 is reset to the locked position under the action of the torsion spring 38. At this time, the swinging part 37 is located between the tails of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 to restrict the heads of the first clamping arm 32 and the second clamping arm 33 from opening relative to each other. In the tool removal step, ① the tool turntable 1 rotates the tool holder 3 with the target machining tool to the tool change position, and the spindle 2 moves to the axial position of the target machining tool; ② the spindle 2 moves axially and locks the target machining tool. At this time, under the action of the unlocking part 21, the swing part 37 rotates from the locked position to the unlocked position; ③ the spindle 2 drives the tool to disengage radially from the opening of the receiving cavity 35. After disengagement, the swing part 37 rotates from the unlocked position to the locked position.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves stable clamping of machining tools by means of an improved tool holder 3 structure, which is achieved by the swing part 37 cooperating with the unlocking part 21 on the spindle 2. No additional control structure is required, and the tool can be automatically unlocked when changing tools. Even with heavy machining tools, the tool can be kept stable and not fall off.

[0047] The above embodiments and figures are not intended to limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved tool changing mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a tool turntable, several sets of tool holders for holding machining tools, and a spindle that can move axially and radially relative to the tool turntable; the several sets of tool holders are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the tool turntable; The tool holder includes a fixed base, a first clamping arm, a second clamping arm, a clamping arm elastic element, and a swinging part. The fixed base is fixedly connected to the tool turntable. The middle parts of the first and second clamping arms are rotatably connected to the fixed base, and a receiving cavity for clamping the machining tool is formed between the heads of the first and second clamping arms. The clamping arm elastic element acts on the first and second clamping arms to clamp the machining tool in the receiving cavity. The swinging part is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed seat away from the receiving cavity; the main shaft is connected to an unlocking part for abutting against the swinging part; the swinging part has an unlocked position and a locked position; when the swinging part is in the locked position, the swinging part is located in the limiting space between the tails of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to restrict the tails of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm from rotating into the limiting space; the swinging part can rotate to the unlocked position under the abutting action of the unlocking part, so that the swinging part leaves the limiting space and releases the movement restriction on the tails of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm; the swinging part is connected to a torsion spring for resetting the swinging part from the unlocked position to the locked position.

2. The improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping arm elastic element includes a first abutting spring and a second abutting spring; the fixed base is respectively formed with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole facing the tail of the first clamping arm and the tail of the second clamping arm, and the first abutting spring and the second abutting spring are respectively provided in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, the first abutting spring abuts against the tail of the first clamping arm, and the second abutting spring abuts against the tail of the second clamping arm.

3. The improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the first clamping arm is provided with a first abutting head, and the tail of the second clamping arm is provided with a second abutting head; the swinging part is formed with a first abutting seat and a second abutting seat respectively corresponding to the first abutting head and the second abutting head; when the swinging part is in the locked position, the first abutting seat and the second abutting seat respectively restrict the first abutting head and the second abutting head from rotating in the limiting space.

4. An improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first abutment head and the second abutment head are provided with a spherical crown-shaped abutment protrusion; the first abutment seat has a first abutment plane facing the first abutment head, and the second abutment seat has a second abutment plane facing the second abutment head.

5. An improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first clamping arm has a first threaded hole at its tail end, and the second clamping arm has a second threaded hole at its tail end; the first abutment head is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole, and the second abutment head is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole; and the extension length of the first abutment head and the extension length of the second abutment head on the first threaded hole can be adjusted by the threads.

6. An improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole are threaded through holes; a first abutting screw is also provided in the first threaded hole, and the first abutting screw abuts against the first abutting head; a second abutting screw is also provided in the second threaded hole, and the second abutting screw abuts against the second abutting head.

7. An improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heads of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are respectively provided with a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel; the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are located at the opening of the receiving cavity.

8. An improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A drive arm for abutting against the unlocking part is fixedly connected to the swinging part; when the swinging part is in the locked position, the drive arm has an upward angle with the horizontal plane; the upper end of the drive arm is higher than the swinging axis of the swinging part; a third guide wheel is provided at the end of the drive arm away from the swinging part; the upper part of the unlocking part has a guide slope for abutting against the drive arm, and the lower end of the guide slope is connected to the vertically arranged abutting plane on the unlocking part.

9. An improved tool changing mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base has two lugs with through holes, and a spindle is disposed in the through holes; the torsion spring is sleeved on the spindle between the two lugs; the swinging part is connected to the spindle outside the lugs; the two free ends of the torsion spring abut against the fixed base and the swinging part respectively.

10. A working method for an improved tool changing mechanism, characterized in that, The improved tool changing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9 further includes a tool return step and a tool removal step; In the tool return step, ① the spindle carries the tool to be returned to the outside of the empty tool holder in the tool change position; ② the spindle carries the tool to be returned to the receiving cavity between the heads of the first and second clamping arms. At this time, the unlocking part abuts against the swinging part, causing the swinging part to rotate from the locked position to the unlocked position; during the process of the tool to be returned entering, the first and second clamping arms are driven to open. After the tool to be returned enters the receiving cavity, the first and second clamping arms clamp the tool to be returned under the elastic action of the clamping arm elastic element; ③ the spindle releases the tool to be returned, and the spindle, along with the unlocking part, moves away from the tool to be returned and the swinging part axially; the swinging part returns to the locked position under the action of the torsion spring. At this time, the swinging part is located between the tails of the first and second clamping arms to restrict the heads of the first and second clamping arms from opening relative to each other. In the tool removal step, ① the tool turntable rotates the tool holder with the target machining tool to the tool change position, and the spindle moves to the axial position of the target machining tool; ② the spindle moves axially and locks the target machining tool. At this time, under the action of the unlocking part, the swinging part rotates from the locked position to the unlocked position; ③ the spindle drives the tool to disengage radially from the opening of the receiving cavity. After disengagement, the swinging part rotates from the unlocked position to the locked position.

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