A wet dust collector

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of tobacco production, and provides a wet dust collector, which comprises a dust removal cylinder, a flue gas inlet installed at the lower part of the dust removal cylinder, and a spraying component installed in the flue gas inlet and used for spraying washing liquid into flue gas, a fan is installed at the top of the dust removal cylinder, and a flue gas outlet is installed on the fan; a micro-permeation liquid membrane assembly is arranged on the inner top of the dust removal cylinder, and the micro-permeation liquid membrane assembly is connected with an inner cavity water supply assembly installed on the inner top of the inner wall of the dust removal cylinder; the micro-permeation liquid membrane assembly comprises a cylindrical sleeve arranged on the inner top of the dust removal cylinder and a sealing ring used for connecting the cylindrical sleeve with the inner cavity water supply assembly. In use, through the cooperation of variable-pitch spiral agglomeration and micro-permeation liquid membrane capture, the present application actively promotes the agglomeration and weight gain of superfine smoke dust, the micro-permeation liquid membrane provides a stable and reliable final capture surface, and the combination of the two ensures that the outlet smoke dust concentration is stable and meets the increasingly strict ultra-low emission requirements of the tobacco industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco production technology, and more specifically, to a wet dust collector. Background Technology

[0002] In the core processes of tobacco processing, tobacco leaf re-drying, and tobacco sheet production, dusty gases containing tobacco fines and fiber fragments are continuously generated. These dusts are flammable and also contain unique components such as nicotine and soluble sugars. To meet environmental emission standards and workshop explosion-proof safety requirements, wet scrubbers have become the mainstream dust removal equipment for tobacco companies because they combine the explosion-proof advantages of gas-liquid contact dust removal with the resource utilization value of recyclable tobacco fragments.

[0003] The most commonly used high-efficiency wet dust collector in the tobacco industry is the Venturi dust collector. Its core consists of a Venturi tube and a subsequent dust collection cylinder. After the dust-laden gas is initially mixed with sprayed water in the Venturi tube, a gas-liquid mixture is formed. This mixture enters the dust collection cylinder tangentially and generates a rotational motion. Centrifugal force is used to throw the denser dust-liquid droplet complex towards the cylinder wall, thereby achieving initial separation. Subsequently, the captured dust-laden wastewater falls down the wall, while the initially purified gas turns to the center and rises, and is discharged through the demister at the top.

[0004] However, in practical applications, existing Venturi wet scrubbers are insufficient in separating ultrafine tobacco dust particles smaller than 5μm that remain after the initial purification by the Venturi tube. These fine dust particles are lightweight and have low inertia, and the centrifugal force generated inside the tube is insufficient to effectively throw them against the tube wall. At the same time, they settle slowly and cannot settle by gravity within a limited residence time, causing a large amount of ultrafine dust to rise with the central airflow, ultimately resulting in excessive dust concentration at the outlet and failure to meet stringent environmental emission requirements.

[0005] Therefore, this application proposes a wet scrubber to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problem to be solved: In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a wet dust collector that solves the problem that the existing Venturi wet dust collectors have insufficient ability to separate the ultrafine tobacco dust remaining after the initial purification of the Venturi tube.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wet dust collector, comprising a dust collector cylinder, a flue gas inlet installed at the lower part of the dust collector cylinder, and a spray component installed inside the flue gas inlet for spraying washing liquid into the flue gas. A fan is installed at the top of the dust collector cylinder, and a flue gas outlet is installed on the fan. A micro-permeable liquid film assembly is provided on the upper side inside the dust collector cylinder, and the micro-permeable liquid film assembly is connected to an inner cavity water supply assembly installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the dust collector cylinder. The micro-permeable liquid film assembly includes: a cylindrical sleeve placed on the upper side inside the dust collector cylinder and a sealing ring for connecting the cylindrical sleeve to the inner cavity water supply assembly. A liquid film sleeve is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve, and a spiral condensing core is coaxially provided in the middle of the cylindrical sleeve. A spiral airflow channel is formed between the outer surface of the spiral condensing core and the inner surface of the liquid film sleeve. The pitch of the spiral airflow channel changes periodically along the airflow direction to agglomerate ultrafine dust through inertial collision and to capture and discharge it to the liquid film surface of the liquid film sleeve through centrifugal force.

[0008] In a new embodiment, the liquid film sleeve includes an outer sealing support sleeve and an inner porous functional bushing, with an annular water cavity formed between the sealing support sleeve and the porous functional bushing, and the porous functional bushing being made of sintered metal or porous ceramic.

[0009] In a new embodiment, the spiral condensing core is provided with a variable-pitch guide assembly for generating velocity pulsations in the airflow to promote the inertial agglomeration of dust. The variable-pitch guide assembly includes spiral blades and positioning convex balls. The spiral blades are fixed to the outer wall of the spiral condensing core and are composed of alternating dense spiral sections and sparse spiral sections along the airflow direction. A plurality of positioning convex balls are fixedly disposed in the direction of the blade wall thickness of the spiral blades and protrude from the outer edge surface of the spiral blades, so that the outer peripheral edge of the positioning convex balls forms point contact with the inner wall of the porous functional bushing, thereby forming a microscopic channel between the spiral blades and the porous functional bushing for the downward flow of dust-containing wastewater, while maintaining the airtightness of the spiral airflow channel.

[0010] In a new embodiment, the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with a gas-gathering hood, the top of the gas-gathering hood is covered with a hydrophobic material layer, and an annular leakage port is installed on the outer side of the bottom of the gas-gathering hood. The annular leakage port is installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the dust collector.

[0011] In a new embodiment, the end of the flue gas inlet forms a jet outlet tangential to the inner wall of the dust collector; a conical swirl plate is fixedly installed inside the dust collector, the conical swirl plate is coaxially arranged with the dust collector, its small diameter end facing upward and its large diameter end facing downward, and the installation height of the conical swirl plate is adapted to the position of the jet outlet; the lower part of the conical swirl plate is provided with a settling guide leak installed on the lower side inside the dust collector.

[0012] In a new embodiment, a water tank base is installed at the bottom of the dust collector cylinder, and a circulating water pump is installed on the top of the water tank base. The inlet of the circulating water pump extends through a pipeline into the water tank base to draw water. A sludge scraper is also installed inside the water tank base. The outlet of the circulating water pump is connected to a T-fitting pipe, and a flow regulating valve is installed on the T-fitting branch pipe.

[0013] In a new embodiment, the inner cavity water supply assembly includes: a hollow ring, installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the dust collector; a positioning frame is installed in the middle of the hollow ring, and the positioning frame is fixedly connected to the top of the spiral coagulation core; a dispersion chamber ring, installed on the inner bottom wall of the hollow ring, the liquid outlet of the dispersion chamber ring penetrating through the bottom wall of the hollow ring and communicating with the annular water cavity groove located between the sealing support sleeve and the porous functional bushing; and a conveying pipe, one end of which is connected to the liquid inlet of the dispersion chamber ring, and the other end of which penetrates through the inner wall of the dust collector and is connected to one of the water outlets of the tee fitting, and a low-pressure regulating valve is also installed on the conveying pipe.

[0014] In a new embodiment, a baffle ring is installed at the top of the hollow ring. The baffle ring is used to confine the gas purified by the spiral airflow channel, so that it flows towards the air intake of the fan and is discharged from the flue gas outlet.

[0015] In a new embodiment, the spraying component is a Venturi spray pipe; the Venturi spray pipe is provided with a constriction section, a throat and a diffuser section in sequence along the airflow direction, and the throat of the Venturi spray pipe is provided with an atomizing nozzle connected to another outlet of the tee fitting.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present application solves the problems of unstable droplet atomization and escape of ultrafine smoke dust caused by the interference of tobacco components by the synergistic cooperation of variable pitch spiral agglomeration and micro-permeable membrane capture. Among them, the variable pitch structure actively promotes the agglomeration and weight increase of ultrafine smoke dust, while the micro-permeable membrane provides a stable and reliable final collection surface. The combination of the two ensures that the outlet smoke dust concentration is stable and meets the increasingly stringent ultra-low emission requirements of the tobacco industry.

[0017] 2. By setting up a spiral airflow channel, the periodic changes in the density of the spiral, i.e., the alternation of dense and sparse spiral sections, convert the airflow energy into a driving force that promotes the collision of smoke and dust. This pulsating flow field of acceleration and deceleration forces the hard-to-capture ultrafine smoke and dust to undergo inertial collision and agglomeration, effectively increasing its particle size and mass. Then, relying on the rising centrifugal force, it is thrown onto the liquid film of the subsequent porous functional bushing, thus improving the separation efficiency of ultrafine tobacco smoke and dust.

[0018] 3. By setting up a liquid film sleeve, and utilizing its annular water cavity and porous functional bushing structure, a uniform, stable, and continuously renewed micro-permeable liquid film can be formed. This not only provides a highly viscous and comprehensive coverage capture surface for the agglomerated dust clumps, but also achieves dynamic self-cleaning of the surface through continuous permeation water flow, washing away the captured dust in real time. This fundamentally avoids the clogging risk of traditional filter screens or packing layers, ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0019] 4. By forming point contact between the positioning convex ball and the inner wall of the porous functional bushing, the airtightness of the spiral airflow channel is ensured, short-circuiting of the airflow is prevented, and efficient centrifugal separation is maintained. At the same time, a microscopic channel for the downward flow of dust-laden wastewater is also created, realizing the non-interference between the gas and liquid paths. This is the key to ensuring the efficient and reliable operation of the entire deep purification module.

[0020] 5. By utilizing the bottom of the gas-gathering hood, the rising airflow from below can be effectively gathered and guided, allowing it to smoothly enter the purification unit, thus avoiding airflow turbulence and energy loss. The top of the hood, through a hydrophobic material layer and annular leakage port, efficiently collects and discharges dust-laden wastewater dripping from the liquid film on the porous functional bushing, achieving the dual functions of gas gathering and wastewater recovery, and ensuring the cleanliness of the device's interior. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another perspective.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust collector cylinder of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical sleeve position structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the variable pitch guide assembly structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid film sleeve of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0029] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point B.

[0030] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the dispersion cavity ring of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spray component of the present invention.

[0032] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Dust collector; 2. Flue gas inlet; 3. Spraying component; 31. Venturi spray pipe; 32. Atomizing nozzle; 4. Fan; 5. Flue gas outlet;

[0033] 6. Micropermeable membrane assembly; 61. Cylindrical sleeve; 62. Sealing ring; 63. Liquid membrane sleeve; 631. Sealing support sleeve; 632. Porous functional bushing; 633. Annular water cavity groove; 64. Spiral condensation core;

[0034] 7. Internal cavity water supply assembly; 71. Hollow ring; 72. Positioning frame; 73. Dispersion chamber ring; 74. Delivery pipe; 75. Low-pressure regulating valve; 76. Baffle ring cover;

[0035] 8. Variable pitch guide assembly; 81. Helical blade; 811. Dense helical section; 812. Sparse helical section; 82. Positioning convex ball;

[0036] 9. Gas-concentrating shield; 91. Hydrophobic material layer; 92. Annular leakage outlet;

[0037] 10. Conical swirl plate; 11. Settling guide outlet; 12. Water tank base. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] This application provides a wet scrubber that solves the problem of insufficient separation capacity of existing Venturi wet scrubbers for residual ultrafine tobacco dust after the initial purification by the Venturi tube. In use, the combination of variable pitch spiral agglomeration and micro-permeable membrane capture actively promotes the agglomeration and weight increase of ultrafine dust, while the micro-permeable membrane provides a stable and reliable final collection surface. The combination of the two ensures that the outlet dust concentration is stable and meets the increasingly stringent ultra-low emission requirements of the tobacco industry.

[0040] The technical solutions in this application are intended to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the overall approach is as follows.

[0041] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-11This application provides a wet scrubber, including a dust collection cylinder 1, a flue gas inlet 2 installed at the lower part of the dust collection cylinder 1, and a spray component 3 installed inside the flue gas inlet 2 for spraying washing liquid into the flue gas. A fan 4 is installed on the top of the dust collection cylinder 1, and a flue gas outlet 5 is installed on the fan 4. A micro-permeable liquid membrane assembly 6 is provided on the upper side of the inside of the dust collection cylinder 1, and the micro-permeable liquid membrane assembly 6 is connected to an inner cavity water supply assembly 7 installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the dust collection cylinder 1. The micro-permeable liquid membrane assembly 6 includes: a circular... The cylindrical sleeve 61 and the sealing ring 62 are used to connect the cylindrical sleeve 61 to the inner cavity water supply assembly 7. A liquid film sleeve 63 is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve 61. A spiral condensing core 64 is coaxially provided in the middle of the cylindrical sleeve 61. A spiral airflow channel is formed between the outer surface of the spiral condensing core 64 and the inner surface of the liquid film sleeve 63. The pitch of the spiral airflow channel changes periodically along the airflow direction to agglomerate ultrafine dust through inertial collision and throw it to the liquid film surface of the liquid film sleeve 63 for capture and discharge through centrifugal force.

[0042] Furthermore, the spray component 3 is a Venturi spray pipe 31; the Venturi spray pipe 31 is provided with a constriction section, a throat and a diffuser section in sequence along the airflow direction, and the throat of the Venturi spray pipe 31 is provided with an atomizing nozzle 32 connected to another outlet of the tee fitting.

[0043] The preferred embodiment of this solution addresses the problem of dust-laden gas containing flammable tobacco fine powder and fiber fragments (mixed with nicotine and soluble sugars) in core processes of the tobacco industry, such as tobacco processing, tobacco leaf re-drying, and tobacco sheet production. This wet scrubber employs a synergistic operation of primary cyclone coarse separation, ultrafine dust agglomeration capture, and washing liquid recycling. Through flow field guidance and dust capture mechanisms, it achieves efficient dust removal and resource recovery, meeting the tobacco industry's flue gas purification and safety requirements.

[0044] Specifically, the operating procedure of this wet scrubber is as follows;

[0045] First, dust-laden flue gas containing tobacco powder and fiber fragments enters the dust collector 1 through the tangential injection outlet at the end of the flue gas inlet 2. Simultaneously, the spray component 3 (i.e., the Venturi spray pipe 31) is activated, and the washing liquid is transported through a three-way fitting to the throat of the Venturi spray pipe 31 (the throat has an adjustable cross-sectional area for the flue gas flow, which is adjusted by a hydraulic rod driving a sliding sleeve to move up and down). Figure 11 As shown in the figure, fine mist droplets are formed through the atomizing nozzle 32 to achieve rapid cooling and humidification of dust-laden flue gas, while allowing some of the dust to initially adhere to the mist droplets, forming a dust-liquid droplet complex.

[0046] Subsequently, the tangentially entering gas-liquid mixture impacts and is guided by the coaxially mounted conical vortex plate 10 (small diameter end facing upwards, large diameter end facing downwards, installation height adapted to the spray outlet) inside the dust collector 1. The airflow generates a strong swirling motion with spiral ascent and radial diffusion along the conical surface. Under the action of centrifugal force, large dust particles and high-density dust-liquid droplet complexes are thrown towards the inner wall of the dust collector 1 and flow downwards along the wall. Most of the dust-laden wastewater flows directly into the water tank base 12 at the bottom of the dust collector 1 through the settling guide leak 11. This stage can remove most of the dust in the flue gas. While this process is in progress, the fan 4 at the top of the dust collector 1 has been started and continuously draws air from the top of the cylinder (the spiral airflow channel does not affect the air extraction effect). Inside the dust collector 1, a negative pressure gradient is created from top to bottom, with a slightly higher pressure at the bottom and a lower pressure at the top. This negative pressure provides the upward flow power for the airflow. At the same time, the conical structure of the conical swirl plate 10 creates a natural upward directional channel for the airflow between its conical surface and the inner wall of the dust collector 1, as well as the gap reserved on the conical surface itself. The airflow, which still contains a large amount of ultrafine dust after primary purification, tends to move upward under the continuous pull of the negative pressure. On the other hand, it is constrained by the conical surface of the conical swirl plate 10 to avoid disorderly diffusion to the outside of the cylinder wall. Finally, it travels smoothly upward along the gap on the conical surface. Under the synergistic effect of negative pressure power and structural guidance, it is successfully transported to the upper micro-permeable membrane component 6 area and enters the next purification stage.

[0047] Second, when the pre-purified airflow rises to the upper side of the dust collector 1, it is forcibly gathered by the gas gathering hood 9. At the same time, the trumpet-shaped structure of the gas gathering hood 9 can guide the dispersed rising airflow to the inlet of the micro-permeable membrane component 6, ensuring that the airflow enters the spiral airflow channel smoothly, creating stable flow field conditions for the agglomeration and capture of ultrafine dust in the flue gas.

[0048] Third, a steady airflow enters the spiral airflow channel formed by the outer surface of the spiral condensing core 64 and the inner surface of the liquid film sleeve 63. The channel pitch is periodically changed by the variable pitch guide component 8 (formed by alternating dense spiral sections 811 and sparse spiral sections 812 of the spiral blades 81). When the airflow passes through the dense spiral section 811, the channel cross-sectional area decreases and the airflow speed increases suddenly. After the airflow passes through the dense spiral section 811 and enters the sparse spiral section 812, the speed decreases again. However, at this time, the dust in the airflow behind is still in an accelerated state. These accelerated dust particles collide with the decelerated dust particles in front. After the dust particles collide with each other, they stick together to form dust clumps, and the mass increases accordingly. When these dust clumps with increased mass move in the spiral channel, they are thrown to the outside of the channel by centrifugal force.

[0049] Meanwhile, the inner cavity water supply component 7 continuously supplies low-pressure water to the liquid film sleeve 63. The water transported by the circulating water pump enters the dispersion chamber ring 73 through the delivery pipe 74 (the low-pressure regulating valve 75 on the delivery pipe 74 is used to control the water supply pressure). The dispersion chamber ring 73 evenly distributes the water to the annular water chamber groove 633 (located between the sealing support sleeve 631 and the porous functional bushing 632 of the liquid film sleeve 63). Since the porous functional bushing 632 is made of sintered metal or porous ceramic (micropore diameter 5-10μm), the low-pressure water permeates through the micropores to its inner wall, forming a micro-permeable liquid film of uniform thickness.

[0050] For the reasons mentioned above, the agglomerated dust particles, due to their increased size and mass, are completely ejected from the airflow channel under the centrifugal force of the spiral airflow. They then collide with and adhere to the micro-permeable liquid film surface of the porous functional bushing 632, where they are instantly captured by the liquid film. Simultaneously, the positioning convex ball 82 (protruding from the outer edge of the blade) fixed in the wall thickness direction of the spiral blade 81 forms point contact with the inner wall of the porous functional bushing 632, ensuring the airtightness of the spiral airflow channel (preventing airflow short-circuiting) and creating microscopic flow between the spiral blade 81 and the porous functional bushing 632. The continuously permeating water carries the captured dust particles downwards along the microscopic channels, then drips onto the top of the gas collection hood 9 and slides down its inclined surface (the hydrophobic material layer 91 covering the top of the gas collection hood 9 prevents the dripping droplets from adhering). Finally, this dust-laden wastewater is discharged through the annular seepage port 92 on the outer side of the bottom of the gas collection hood 9 (fitted to the lower part of the inner wall of the dust collection cylinder 1), flows into the settling guide leak port 11 along the lower inner wall of the dust collection cylinder 1, and then converges into the water tank base 12 for collection. This process can achieve self-cleaning of the liquid film surface and avoid dust accumulation clogging the micropores.

[0051] Fourth, the dust-laden wastewater flowing into the water tank base 12 undergoes natural sedimentation due to gravity, with dust particles settling at the bottom of the tank and clear circulating water forming on the upper layer. The circulating water pump (with its own filter) at the top of the water tank base 12 draws out the clear circulating water from the upper layer and distributes it to two routes via a three-way pipe fitting. The two routes are as follows:

[0052] The first route: The flow rate is controlled by the flow regulating valve and delivered to the atomizing nozzle 32 of the Venturi spray pipe 31 for primary gas-liquid mixing;

[0053] The second route: through the delivery pipe 74 and the low-pressure regulating valve 75, it is delivered to the dispersion ring 73 of the inner cavity water supply component 7 for the formation of a micro-permeable film (low pressure needs to be controlled to avoid film rupture).

[0054] In addition, the sludge scraper installed in the water tank base 12 will start periodically according to the concentration of smoke and dust, scraping the tobacco smoke and sludge deposited at the bottom of the tank to the sludge discharge port to avoid sludge clogging the pipes or affecting the quality of the circulating water.

[0055] Fifth, the clean gas, after primary cyclone separation and deep agglomeration capture, flows out from the top of the spiral airflow channel and is constrained by the baffle ring 76 of the inner cavity water supply component 7. This prevents the clean gas from diffusing to the inner wall of the dust collector 1 (avoiding contact with residual droplets on the cylinder wall and causing secondary dust carry-over). At the same time, a demister can be installed to further remove trace amounts of water mist, forcing the airflow to concentrate and flow towards the air intake of the fan 4. Finally, the clean gas is drawn by the fan 4 and stably discharged into the atmosphere through the flue gas outlet 5, completing the entire dust removal process.

[0056] Please see Figures 7-10 The liquid film sleeve 63 includes an outer sealing support sleeve 631 and an inner porous functional bushing 632. An annular water cavity groove 633 is formed between the sealing support sleeve 631 and the porous functional bushing 632. The porous functional bushing 632 is made of sintered metal or porous ceramic.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment of this solution, by setting a sealing support sleeve 631, a porous functional bushing 632, and an annular water cavity 633, the sealing support sleeve 631 serves as an outer skeleton, which can provide rigid support for the inner porous functional bushing 632. The sealing support sleeve 631 can completely seal the outer space of the annular water cavity 633, preventing low-pressure water supply inside the cavity from leaking into other areas inside the dust collector 1, ensuring that all washing water is used for the seepage film formation of the porous functional bushing 632, improving water resource utilization, and at the same time avoiding interference of leaked water with the dust removal process;

[0058] Among them, sintered metal or porous ceramic materials have the characteristics of uniform micropore size and stable porosity, which allows low-pressure water in the annular water chamber 633 to permeate evenly along the inner wall of the porous functional bushing 632, forming a continuous micro-permeable liquid film of uniform thickness, ensuring that the inner wall of each airflow channel has a capture surface, and greatly improving the impact capture rate of ultrafine dust (especially agglomerated dust clumps).

[0059] Secondly, the annular water cavity 633 surrounds the outside of the porous functional bushing 632, which can evenly distribute the low-pressure water delivered by the inner cavity water supply component 7 to each area of ​​the porous functional bushing 632 in the circumferential direction, ensuring that the inner wall of the bushing always maintains a continuous and stable micro-permeable film, providing a reliable guarantee for the continuous capture of dust clumps.

[0060] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7The spiral condensing core 64 is provided with a variable pitch guide assembly 8 for generating velocity pulsations in the airflow to promote the inertial agglomeration of dust. The variable pitch guide assembly 8 includes a spiral blade 81 and positioning convex balls 82. The spiral blade 81 is fixed to the outer wall of the spiral condensing core 64 and is composed of dense spiral sections 811 and sparse spiral sections 812 alternately arranged along the airflow direction. Multiple positioning convex balls 82 are fixedly arranged in the blade wall thickness direction of the spiral blade 81 and protrude from the outer edge surface of the spiral blade 81, so that the outer peripheral edge of the positioning convex ball 82 forms a point contact with the inner wall of the porous functional bushing 632, so that a microscopic channel for the downward flow of dust-containing wastewater is formed between the spiral blade 81 and the porous functional bushing 632, while maintaining the airtightness of the spiral airflow channel.

[0061] In the preferred embodiment of this solution, by setting up a spiral blade 81 and a positioning convex ball 82, the continuous spiral structure of the spiral blade 81 can maintain the rotational motion of the airflow in the channel and avoid the airflow from becoming turbulent due to speed changes. At the same time, the alternating pattern of dense and sparse sections is fixed to ensure that the airflow at different positions can generate uniform speed pulsation, so that the ultrafine dust in the entire spiral channel forms an agglomeration effect due to speed changes and inertia, and the agglomerated micro dust is thrown out by centrifugal force and captured by the liquid film on the porous functional bushing 632.

[0062] The positioning convex ball 82 protrudes from the outer edge of the spiral blade 81 and forms a point contact with the inner wall of the porous functional bushing 632, rather than a surface contact between the blade and the bushing. The gap between the point contact between the positioning convex ball 82 and the inner wall of the porous functional bushing 632 forms a wide micro-flow channel. The dust-laden wastewater formed after the liquid film captures the dust can flow smoothly downward along this channel and be discharged through the gas collection hood 9 and promptly merge into the water tank base 12, avoiding the blockage of the airflow channel or the secondary re-entrainment of dust caused by the stagnation of wastewater.

[0063] It is important to note that the width of this micro-channel is precisely adapted to the downstream demand of wastewater, ensuring that it is neither too narrow to cause blockage nor too wide to cause airflow short circuit, thus balancing wastewater discharge with the integrity of the airflow path.

[0064] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The bottom of the cylindrical sleeve 61 is provided with a gas-gathering hood 9, the top of the gas-gathering hood 9 is covered with a hydrophobic material layer 91, and an annular leakage port 92 is installed on the outer side of the bottom of the gas-gathering hood 9. The annular leakage port 92 is installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the dust collector 1.

[0065] In the preferred embodiment of this solution, by setting up a gas-gathering hood 9, a hydrophobic material layer 91, and an annular leak 92, the top and bottom surfaces of the gas-gathering hood 9 each have different functions. The bottom surface of the gas-gathering hood 9 can concentrate and constrain the originally dispersed and disordered rising airflow (containing a large amount of ultrafine dust), preventing the airflow from spreading disorderly to the inner wall of the dust collector 1, and ensuring that the airflow enters the upper spiral airflow channel (micro-permeable membrane assembly 6) evenly and stably. The top surface of the gas-gathering hood 9 can prevent the dust-containing wastewater dripping from the upper micro-permeable membrane assembly 6 from adhering to and accumulating on the surface of the gas-gathering hood 9. The hydrophobic material layer 91 (such as polytetrafluoroethylene coating, etc.) covering it has hydrophobic properties that allow the dripping droplets to slide quickly down the hood surface, ensuring that the surface of the gas-gathering hood 9 always remains relatively dry and clean. The annular leak 92 facilitates the collection of dust-containing wastewater below, ensuring that all wastewater enters the circulation system and realizes the recycling of water resources.

[0066] Please see Figure 4 The end of the flue gas inlet 2 forms a jet outlet tangential to the inner wall of the dust collector 1; a conical swirl plate 10 is fixedly installed inside the dust collector 1. The conical swirl plate 10 is coaxially arranged with the dust collector 1, with its small diameter end facing up and its large diameter end facing down, and the installation height of the conical swirl plate 10 is adapted to the position of the jet outlet; a settling guide leak 11 is provided at the lower part of the conical swirl plate 10 and installed on the lower side inside the dust collector 1.

[0067] In the preferred embodiment of this scheme, the tangential setting of the flue gas inlet 2 allows the dust-laden flue gas to enter along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the dust collector 1, naturally forming an initial vortex rotating around the axis of the cylinder. This avoids direct and turbulent airflow, provides the initial power for centrifugal separation, and reduces the escape of dust due to airflow disturbance. With coaxial installation and the small diameter facing up and the large diameter facing down, and the height matching the injection outlet, it can receive and guide the rotating airflow to climb along the conical surface, further amplifying the vortex intensity. This not only throws large dust particles and dust droplet complexes toward the cylinder wall, but also guides the primary purified airflow upward along the gap of the conical surface, avoiding gas-solid two-phase interference and ensuring separation uniformity.

[0068] Secondly, the settling guide outlet 11 is located at the lower part of the conical vortex plate 10, which can quickly collect the dust-laden wastewater flowing down the cylinder wall and direct it into the water tank base 12 to prevent the wastewater from stagnating in the cylinder and causing secondary pollution, while also achieving preliminary recovery of dust.

[0069] Please see Figures 1-3 The bottom of the dust collector 1 is equipped with a water tank base 12, and the top of the water tank base 12 is equipped with a circulating water pump. The inlet of the circulating water pump extends into the water tank base 12 through a pipeline to draw water. A sludge scraper is also installed inside the water tank base 12. The outlet of the circulating water pump is connected to a three-way pipe fitting, and a flow regulating valve is installed on the three-way branch pipe.

[0070] In the preferred embodiment of this scheme, the water tank base 12 serves as the bottom support and liquid collection unit of the dust collector 1. The water tank base 12 can centrally store the dust-containing wastewater generated at each stage. Through gravity natural sedimentation, the smoke dust is deposited at the bottom of the tank and the upper layer forms clear circulating water, which not only provides a clean water source for subsequent water circulation, but also realizes the centralized recycling of tobacco smoke dust and meets the resource utilization needs of the tobacco industry.

[0071] The flow regulating valve on the three-way branch pipe can respectively regulate the flow rate of the two water supply lines of the spray component 3 and the delivery pipe 74. Together with the low-pressure regulating valve 75 on the subsequent delivery pipe 74, it can supply water to the low-pressure seepage demand of the inner cavity water supply component 7. The sludge scraper in the water tank base 12 can regularly remove the tobacco dust and sludge deposited at the bottom of the tank to prevent the sludge from clogging the circulating water pump and pipeline or polluting the circulating water, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the dust removal system.

[0072] Please see Figures 5-8 The inner cavity water supply assembly 7 includes: a hollow ring 71, installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the dust collector 1; a positioning frame 72 is installed in the middle of the hollow ring 71, and the positioning frame 72 is fixedly connected to the top of the spiral coagulation core 64; a dispersion chamber ring 73, installed on the inner bottom wall of the hollow ring 71, the liquid outlet of the dispersion chamber ring 73 penetrates the bottom wall of the hollow ring 71 and is connected to the annular water chamber groove 633 located between the sealing support sleeve 631 and the porous functional bushing 632; and a conveying pipe 74, one end of which is connected to the liquid inlet of the dispersion chamber ring 73, and the other end of which penetrates the inner wall of the dust collector 1 and is connected to one of the water outlets of the three-way pipe fitting, and a low-pressure regulating valve 75 is also installed on the conveying pipe 74.

[0073] Furthermore, a baffle ring 76 is installed at the top of the hollow ring 71. The baffle ring 76 is used to confine the gas purified by the spiral airflow channel, so that it flows to the air intake of the fan 4 and is discharged from the flue gas outlet 5.

[0074] In the preferred embodiment of this solution, by setting up a hollow ring 71, a positioning frame 72, a dispersion chamber ring 73, a delivery pipe 74, a low-pressure regulating valve 75, and a baffle ring cover 76, the hollow ring 71 provides a stable mounting carrier for the inner cavity water supply assembly 7, ensuring that the relative position of the water supply system and the dust collector 1 is fixed, avoiding component displacement due to equipment vibration or airflow impact, and ensuring precise alignment of the water supply path and the spiral airflow channel (such as the communication stability between the liquid outlet of the dispersion chamber ring 73 and the annular water chamber 633). At the same time, the positioning frame 72 can also better constrain the spatial position of the spiral coagulation core 64 and ensure its stability.

[0075] The dispersion chamber ring 73 avoids excessive local water supply (leading to an excessively thick liquid film and increased airflow resistance) or insufficient water supply (leading to liquid film rupture and the emergence of dust escape zones), ensuring that a continuous and uniformly thick micro-permeable liquid film is formed on the inner wall of the porous functional bushing 632, providing a stable interface for the efficient capture of agglomerated dust clumps. Meanwhile, the delivery pipe 74 and the low-pressure regulating valve 75 can precisely control the water supply pressure, which not only meets the permeation requirements of the micropores of the porous functional bushing 632 (forming a liquid film), but also avoids excessive pressure that could cause the liquid film to rupture or water flow to disrupt the airflow field.

[0076] The baffle ring 76 can force the clean airflow to converge towards the center and precisely guide it to the air intake of the fan 4, reducing energy loss caused by airflow diffusion and avoiding airflow turbulence from affecting emission stability. At the same time, its internal space can be flexibly equipped with a demister (such as a metal wire mesh demister) to further remove residual trace amounts of water mist in the airflow. Finally, the gas emitted through the flue gas outlet 5 is cleaner and meets higher environmental protection standards.

[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wet dust collector, comprising a dust collection cylinder (1), a flue gas inlet (2) installed at the lower part of the dust collection cylinder (1), and a spraying component (3) installed inside the flue gas inlet (2) for spraying washing liquid into the flue gas, wherein a fan (4) is installed at the top of the dust collection cylinder (1), and a flue gas outlet (5) is installed on the fan (4); characterized in that: The dust collector (1) is provided with a micro-permeable membrane assembly (6) on the upper side inside, and the micro-permeable membrane assembly (6) is connected to the inner cavity water supply assembly (7) installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the dust collector (1). The micropermeable membrane assembly (6) includes: A cylindrical sleeve (61) is placed on the upper side inside the dust collector (1) and a sealing ring (62) is used to connect the cylindrical sleeve (61) to the inner cavity water supply assembly (7). A liquid film sleeve (63) is installed on the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve (61), and a spiral condensing core (64) is coaxially provided in the middle of the cylindrical sleeve (61). A spiral airflow channel is formed between the outer surface of the spiral condensing core (64) and the inner surface of the liquid film sleeve (63). The pitch of the spiral airflow channel changes periodically along the airflow direction to agglomerate ultrafine dust through inertial collision and to capture and discharge it by centrifugal force onto the liquid film surface of the liquid film sleeve (63). The liquid film sleeve (63) includes an outer sealing support sleeve (631) and an inner porous functional bushing (632). An annular water cavity groove (633) is formed between the sealing support sleeve (631) and the porous functional bushing (632). The porous functional bushing (632) is made of sintered metal or porous ceramic. The spiral condensing core (64) is provided with a variable pitch guide assembly (8) for generating velocity pulsations in the airflow to promote the inertial agglomeration of dust. The variable pitch guide assembly (8) includes a spiral blade (81) and a positioning convex ball (82). The spiral blade (81) is fixed to the outer wall of the spiral condensing core (64) and is composed of dense spiral sections (811) and sparse spiral sections (812) alternately arranged along the airflow direction. A plurality of positioning convex balls (82) are fixedly arranged in the direction of the blade wall thickness of the spiral blade (81) and protrude from the outer edge surface of the spiral blade (81), so that the outer peripheral edge of the positioning convex ball (82) forms a point contact with the inner wall of the porous functional bushing (632), so that a microscopic channel for the downward flow of dust-containing wastewater is formed between the spiral blade (81) and the porous functional bushing (632), while maintaining the airtightness of the spiral airflow channel. The bottom of the cylindrical sleeve (61) is provided with a gas-gathering hood (9), the top of the gas-gathering hood (9) is covered with a hydrophobic material layer (91), and an annular leakage port (92) is installed on the outer side of the bottom of the gas-gathering hood (9). The annular leakage port (92) is installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the dust collector (1).

2. A wet dust collector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the flue gas inlet (2) forms a jet outlet tangential to the inner wall of the dust collector (1); A conical swirl plate (10) is fixedly installed inside the dust collector (1). The conical swirl plate (10) is coaxially arranged with the dust collector (1), with its small diameter end facing up and its large diameter end facing down. The installation height of the conical swirl plate (10) is adapted to the position of the spray outlet. The lower part of the conical swirl plate (10) is provided with a settling guide outlet (11) installed inside the dust collector (1) on the lower side.

3. A wet dust collector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the dust collector (1) is equipped with a water tank base (12), and the top of the water tank base (12) is equipped with a circulating water pump. The water inlet of the circulating water pump extends through a pipeline into the water tank base (12) to draw water. A sludge scraper is also installed inside the water tank base (12). The outlet of the circulating water pump is connected to a T-shaped pipe fitting, and a flow regulating valve is installed on the T-shaped branch pipe.

4. A wet dust collector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner cavity water supply assembly (7) includes: Hollow ring (71) is installed on the upper side of the inner wall of dust collector (1); A positioning frame (72) is installed in the middle of the hollow ring (71), and the positioning frame (72) is fixedly connected to the top of the spiral condensing core (64); The dispersion chamber ring (73) is installed on the inner bottom wall of the hollow ring (71). The outlet of the dispersion chamber ring (73) penetrates the bottom wall of the hollow ring (71) and is connected to the annular water cavity groove (633) located between the sealing support sleeve (631) and the porous functional bushing (632). The conveying pipe (74) is connected at one end to the liquid inlet of the dispersion chamber ring (73) and at the other end through the inner wall of the dust collector (1) and connected to one of the outlets of the three-way pipe fitting. A low-pressure regulating valve (75) is also installed on the conveying pipe (74).

5. A wet dust collector as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the hollow ring (71) is equipped with a baffle ring cover (76), which is used to constrain the gas purified by the spiral airflow channel, so that it flows to the air intake of the fan (4) and is discharged from the flue gas outlet (5).

6. A wet dust collector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying component (3) is a Venturi spray pipe (31). The Venturi spray pipe (31) is provided with a constriction section, a throat and a diffuser section in sequence along the airflow direction. The throat of the Venturi spray pipe (31) is provided with an atomizing nozzle (32) connected to another outlet of the tee fitting.

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