Self-adaptive adjusting device for combustor of natural gas power plant and using method of self-adaptive adjusting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural gas power plant combustor self-adaptive adjusting device and a using method thereof. The natural gas power plant combustor self-adaptive adjusting device comprises a combustor body, and an air door is arranged on the combustor body; the air door opening degree adjusting assembly comprises a rotationally-arranged adjusting disc, a worm gear arranged on the outer wall of the adjusting disc, a gear motor installed on the front surface of the combustor body and a worm arranged on an output shaft of the gear motor, the adjusting disc is located on the outer side of the air door, and the worm is connected with the worm gear in a meshed mode; the method has the beneficial effects that dynamic, accurate and real-time adjustment of the opening degree of the air door can be achieved, meanwhile, the adjusting range and the response speed of the opening degree of the air door are improved, it is ensured that the combustor is in the optimal combustion state all the time, and finally the purposes of improving the combustion efficiency and reducing energy consumption and pollutant emission are achieved; due to the self-locking performance of the worm and the worm gear, the opening degree of the air door can be stably kept after being adjusted, opening degree changes caused by external interference are avoided, and the combustion stability is further guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of burner technology, specifically relating to an adaptive adjustment device for a natural gas power plant burner and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production system of natural gas power plants, the burner, as the core equipment for energy conversion, directly determines the power plant's energy utilization efficiency, operating costs, and environmental emission levels. As a clean energy source, natural gas requires precise matching of air supply during combustion. This can be achieved by controlling the air damper opening and gas supply to ensure complete combustion. This process not only requires the air-fuel ratio to be maintained within the theoretically optimal range but also needs to be dynamically adjusted according to real-time operating conditions to avoid methane emissions due to incomplete combustion or an increase in nitrogen oxide concentration due to excessive air.

[0003] Traditional burner damper adjustment methods have long faced technical bottlenecks: on the one hand, when relying on manual experience for adjustment, operators need to manually adjust the damper based on intuitive indicators such as furnace flame color and flue gas temperature. This is not only affected by differences in experience but also suffers from adjustment lag, making it difficult to respond to rapid changes in natural gas composition and intake pressure. On the other hand, when using fixed program control, the system can only adjust the damper according to the preset operating condition curve and cannot identify spatial differences in the furnace temperature field, resulting in the actual air-fuel ratio often deviating from the theoretical optimal value by more than 15%.

[0004] The limitations of this regulation method directly lead to multiple problems: incomplete combustion results in heat loss rates as high as 5%-8%, increasing annual energy costs by over one million yuan; unburned hydrocarbons in flue gas and NOx emissions from excess air exceed standards by 10%-20% respectively, increasing environmental governance costs; at the same time, long-term mismatch between damper opening and gas supply will exacerbate equipment problems such as burner nozzle wear and furnace coking, shorten maintenance cycles, and reduce unit operational stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive adjustment device for a burner in a natural gas power plant and its usage method, so as to realize dynamic, precise and real-time adjustment of the damper opening, improve the damper opening adjustment range and response speed, ensure that the burner is always in the optimal combustion state, and ultimately achieve the goal of improving combustion efficiency and reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adaptive adjustment device for a burner in a natural gas power plant, comprising... The burner body is equipped with an air damper. The damper opening adjustment assembly includes a rotatable adjustment disc located on the outside of the damper, a worm gear disposed on the outer wall of the adjustment disc, a reduction motor mounted on the front surface of the burner body, and a worm gear disposed on the output shaft of the reduction motor, wherein the worm gear and the worm gear are meshed together.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a groove formed on the front surface of the burner body, wherein the width of the groove is greater than the outer diameter of the worm gear.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a support block installed on the front surface of the burner body, a bearing installed on the top of the support block, and one end of the worm gear located inside the bearing.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a shielding portion disposed on the inner wall of the adjusting plate, and a rotating hole formed inside the shielding portion.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a fixing rod disposed on the front surface of the burner body, and the fixing rod passes through the rotating hole.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a plurality of semi-annular strips disposed on the shielding portion, and one end of the shielding portion is arc-shaped.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it further includes a stand connected to the burner body, a burner head connected to the stand, a control cabinet disposed on the rear surface of the burner body, and a support seat mounted on the stand.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the top of the support base is provided with a support part for supporting the burner body, the upright base is provided with an L-shaped plate for supporting the control cabinet, the upright base is provided with a support plate and a horizontal plate, the L-shaped plate and the horizontal plate are connected, and the bottom end of the L-shaped plate is located above the support plate.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for using an adaptive adjustment device for a natural gas power plant burner, comprising the following steps: Real-time monitoring of natural gas composition, inlet pressure, furnace temperature field parameters; The monitored operating parameters are transmitted to the control unit of the control cabinet. The control unit of the control cabinet analyzes and processes the data to calculate the optimal damper opening required by the burner under the current operating conditions. The control unit sends a control command to the geared motor, which drives the worm to rotate. The worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the worm wheel drives the adjusting disc to rotate, thereby adjusting the damper to the optimal opening. By utilizing the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear and worm wheel, the adjusted damper opening is locked to ensure that the damper opening remains unchanged during periods of stable operation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: It can achieve dynamic, precise, and real-time adjustment of the damper opening, while improving the damper opening adjustment range and response speed, ensuring that the burner is always in the optimal combustion state, and ultimately achieving the goal of improving combustion efficiency and reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions; the self-locking property of the worm gear ensures that the damper opening can be stably maintained after adjustment, avoiding changes in opening caused by external interference, and further ensuring the stability of combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first axial side structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second axial side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting disc and worm gear structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a local structure in the image; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Stand; 11. L-shaped plate; 12. Horizontal plate; 2. Burner body; 21. Air damper; 22. Support block; 220. Bearing; 23. Groove; 3. Burner head; 4. Control cabinet; 5. Support base; 51. Support part; 6. Gear motor; 61. Worm gear; 7. Adjusting plate; 71. Worm wheel; 72. Shielding part; 720. Rotary hole; 73. Semi-circular bar; 8. Fixing rod; 9. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides an adaptive adjustment device for a natural gas power plant burner, comprising: The burner body 2 is equipped with an air damper 21. As the core load-bearing structure of the entire device, the burner body 2 integrates the key components required for combustion, provides a reference framework for the installation of each component, and ensures the integrity and stability of the overall structure. The air damper 21 is the direct actuator for controlling the air intake volume. Its opening and closing degree directly determines the mixing ratio of air and natural gas. It is the core operation object for realizing combustion efficiency adjustment and provides a target point for subsequent adaptive adjustment functions, making air-fuel ratio optimization operable. The damper opening adjustment assembly includes a rotating adjustment disc 7 located outside the damper 21, a worm gear 71 mounted on the outer wall of the adjustment disc 7, a reduction motor 6 mounted on the front surface of the burner body 2, and a worm 61 mounted on the output shaft of the reduction motor 6, with the worm 61 and worm gear 71 meshing together. The design of the adjustment disc 7 being located outside the damper 21 allows for direct adjustment of the damper opening by rotating it to either cover or expose the damper 21, providing a direct and efficient adjustment path. The integrated design of the worm gear 71 and the adjustment disc 7 allows for efficient adjustment of the worm gear's rotation. The rotational motion is directly converted into the adjustment action of the adjustment disc 7, reducing power transmission loss. The geared motor 6 provides stable power output, which, together with the meshing transmission of the worm gear 61 and the worm wheel 71, utilizes the reduction characteristics of the worm gear transmission to convert the high-speed rotation of the geared motor 6 into the precise rotation of the adjustment disc 7, meeting the fine adjustment requirements of the damper 21 opening. At the same time, the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear 61 and the worm wheel 71 can ensure that the adjustment disc 7 is locked at any angle, avoiding opening deviation caused by external forces such as vibration and wind pressure, ensuring the stability after adjustment, and providing a mechanical basis for precise adaptation under dynamic working conditions.

[0019] In this embodiment, a groove 23 is also provided on the front surface of the burner body 2. The width of the groove 23 is greater than the outer diameter of the worm 61 to avoid spatial conflict between the worm 61 and other structures of the burner body 2. The design of the groove 23 being wider than the outer diameter of the worm 61 provides radial clearance when the worm 61 rotates, preventing the worm 61 from rubbing or getting stuck with the inner wall of the groove 23, ensuring smooth rotation of the worm 61, reducing transmission resistance and component wear, extending the service life of the worm 61, and ensuring the continuity and stability of power transmission.

[0020] In this embodiment, a support block 22 is also installed on the front surface of the burner body 2, and a bearing 220 is installed on the top of the support block 22. One end of the worm 61 is located inside the bearing 220. The support block 22 provides stable support for the bearing 220, while the bearing 220 provides radial positioning for the end of the worm 61, effectively limiting the radial wobble of the worm 61 and ensuring that the meshing clearance between the worm 61 and the worm wheel 71 remains consistent, avoiding poor meshing caused by the offset of the worm 61. The rolling friction characteristics of the bearing 220 greatly reduce the frictional resistance when the worm 61 rotates, improve the transmission efficiency, and reduce the wear at the end of the worm 61, ensuring the transmission accuracy during long-term operation and providing a guarantee for the precise adjustment of the damper 21 opening.

[0021] In this embodiment, a shielding part 72 is also provided on the inner wall of the regulating plate 7, and a rotating hole 720 is opened inside the shielding part 72. The shielding part 72 is the direct action component between the regulating plate 7 and the damper 21. Its shape and position design determine the adjustment range and accuracy of the damper 21 opening. By rotating, the shielding area of ​​the damper 21 is changed, directly controlling the air intake. The rotating hole 720 provides the regulating plate 7 with a rotation axis, ensuring that the regulating plate 7 rotates around a fixed axis, avoiding eccentricity or offset during rotation, ensuring that the shielding position of the shielding part 72 is always accurately corresponding to the damper, preventing opening adjustment errors caused by axis offset, and improving the reliability of adjustment.

[0022] In this embodiment, a fixing rod 8 is also provided on the front surface of the burner body 2, and the fixing rod 8 passes through the rotating hole 720. The rigid support of the fixing rod 8 restricts the axial displacement and radial runout of the adjusting plate 7, ensuring that the adjusting plate 7 always maintains a stable relative position with the damper 21 during rotation. At the same time, the clearance fit between the fixing rod 8 and the rotating hole 720 ensures smooth rotation and avoids shaking caused by excessive clearance, further improving the accuracy of the damper opening of the shielding part 72 and ensuring the accuracy of air intake control.

[0023] In this embodiment, a plurality of semi-annular strips 73 are also provided on the shielding part 72, and one end of the shielding part 72 is arc-shaped to reduce turbulence disturbance when airflow passes through and reduce wind resistance.

[0024] In this embodiment, the system also includes a support 1 connected to the burner body 2, a burner head 3 connected to the support 1, a control cabinet 4 located on the rear surface of the burner body 2, and a support 5 mounted on the support 1. The support 1 serves as an overall support frame, integrating core components such as the burner body 2 and the burner head 3 into one unit, ensuring the relative positional accuracy of each component, avoiding structural displacement caused by equipment vibration or installation errors, and ensuring the stability of the combustion system. The burner head 3, as the core area of ​​the combustion reaction, forms a "air intake-combustion" linkage path with the damper 21, ensuring that the regulated air can accurately enter the combustion zone and mix with natural gas, thereby improving combustion efficiency. The control cabinet 4 integrates control units, circuits, and algorithm modules, serving as a "decision center" to receive sensor signals and send commands to the geared motor, realizing adaptive adjustment and automated control. The support 5 provides auxiliary support to the burner body 2, distributing its weight load, reducing deformation of the burner body due to its own weight, and ensuring the installation accuracy of the damper adjustment assembly.

[0025] In this embodiment, the top of the support base 5 is provided with a support part 51 for supporting the burner body 2. The support base 1 is provided with an L-shaped plate 11 for supporting the control cabinet 4. The support base 1 is provided with a support plate 9 and a horizontal plate 12. The L-shaped plate 11 and the horizontal plate 12 are connected, and the bottom end of the L-shaped plate 11 is located above the support plate 9. The support part 51, through a structural design that matches the lower shape of the burner body 2, increases the contact area, improves the stability and shock resistance of the support, and prevents the burner body from displacing due to vibration during operation. The L-shaped plate 11, the horizontal plate 12 and the support plate 9 form a multi-layer support system for the control cabinet 4. The L-shaped plate 11 bears the main load, the horizontal plate 12 enhances lateral stability, and the support plate 9 serves as a backup support to prevent the L-shaped plate from deforming. This triple protection ensures that the control cabinet 4 is installed firmly, reduces the impact of vibration on internal electronic components, and avoids poor circuit contact or data transmission failure. At the same time, the multi-layer support structure reserves wiring space at the bottom of the control cabinet 4, which facilitates cable management and later maintenance, and improves the maintainability of the device.

[0026] A method for using an adaptive control device for a burner in a natural gas power plant includes the following steps: Real-time monitoring of natural gas composition, inlet pressure, furnace temperature field parameters; The monitored operating parameters are transmitted to the control unit of control cabinet 4. The control unit of control cabinet 4 analyzes and processes the data to calculate the optimal damper opening required by the burner under the current operating conditions. The control unit sends a control command to the geared motor 6, which drives the worm 61 to rotate. The worm 61 drives the worm wheel 71 to rotate, and the worm wheel 71 drives the adjusting plate 7 to rotate, thereby adjusting the damper 21 to the optimal opening. By utilizing the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear 61 and worm wheel 71, the adjusted damper opening is locked to ensure that the damper opening remains unchanged during stable operating conditions.

[0027] To achieve the monitoring, data processing, and execution control of the adaptive regulation device for burners in natural gas power plants, a collaborative hardware and software system across three levels—sensing, control, and execution—is required. Specific modules, sensors, and implementation systems are as follows: Operating Condition Monitoring Layer: The Core Component for Sensing Dynamic Parameters Natural gas component monitoring module Sensor selection: Use a catalytic combustion sensor (such as the MC112 series), which can detect methane (the main component of natural gas) concentration in the range of 0-100% LEL, with a response time of ≤10s, and has temperature and humidity compensation functions. It is suitable for real-time monitoring of industrial-grade natural gas components. Function: Captures real-time concentration fluctuations of components such as methane and alkanes in natural gas, providing basic data for air-fuel ratio optimization.

[0028] Intake pressure monitoring module Sensor selection: Select DUNGSGW50A6 pressure monitor, with a range of 5-50mbar, tolerance <2.5mbar, response time ≤100ms, supports NAMUR / switching output, and can be directly connected to PLC or combustion controller; Function: Accurately monitors changes in gas intake pressure to avoid air-fuel ratio mismatch caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0029] Furnace temperature field monitoring module Sensor selection: FLIRGF309 infrared thermal imager is adopted, with a temperature measurement range of -20℃ to 1500℃ and an accuracy of ±1℃ (0-100℃ range). It has the ability to penetrate flames and can generate furnace temperature field distribution maps in real time. Function: Comprehensively captures dynamic changes in temperature distribution within the furnace, identifies localized high-temperature zones or uneven temperature issues, and provides intuitive evidence for combustion status assessment.

[0030] Control layer: The central system for data processing and decision-making Control unit hardware Core components: Employs industrial-grade PLCs (such as Siemens S7-1500 series) or DCS distributed control systems, featuring high-speed data processing, multi-protocol communication (such as PROFIBUS, OPCUA), and fault redundancy capabilities. Function: Receives multi-source data from the perception layer, calculates the optimal damper opening using built-in combustion optimization algorithms (such as fuzzy PID control and air-fuel ratio model), and sends control commands to the execution layer; Software system architecture Algorithm module: Integrates dynamic operating condition adaptive algorithm, combines real-time data of natural gas composition, inlet pressure, and furnace temperature field to establish a mapping model between combustion efficiency and damper opening, and realizes accurate calculation of opening; Human-Machine Interface: Through the SCADA system or a customized HMI interface, key indicators such as operating parameters, damper opening, and combustion efficiency are displayed in real time, and manual / automatic mode switching and parameter configuration are supported.

[0031] Execution layer: Actuator for damper adjustment Gear motor 6 and transmission components Gear motor 6: High-precision servo gear motor (such as ABB servo motor series) is selected, which has the characteristics of fast response (millisecond level) and stable torque. It can accurately output speed and torque according to the control unit command; Worm 61 and worm wheel 71 transmission: The worm 61 and worm wheel 71 are made of wear-resistant alloy material. Their self-locking property enables arbitrary angle adjustment and locking of the damper opening, ensuring the stability of the opening after adjustment. Damper opening feedback module Sensor selection: Configure an absolute encoder (such as the Heidenhain ERN series) to provide real-time feedback on the rotation angle of the damper adjustment disc with an accuracy of ±0.01°, thereby achieving closed-loop control of the opening.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described (see the detailed description above), it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adaptive tuning device for a natural gas power plant combustor, characterized by: The burner body (2) is provided with a damper (21); The damper opening degree adjusting assembly comprises a rotating adjusting disc (7) located outside the damper (21), a worm gear (71) provided on the outer wall of the adjusting disc (7), a speed reducer motor (6) installed on the front surface of the burner body (2), and a worm shaft (61) provided on the output shaft of the speed reducer motor (6) and engaged with the worm gear (71). The front surface of the burner body (2) is further provided with a groove (23) with a width greater than the outer diameter of the worm shaft (61).

2. A natural gas power plant combustor adaptive tuning device according to claim 1, wherein: The front surface of the burner body (2) is further provided with a supporting block (22), and the worm shaft (61) is located inside a bearing (220) installed on the top of the supporting block (22).

3. A natural gas power plant combustor adaptive tuning device according to claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the adjusting disc (7) is further provided with a shielding part (72), and a rotating hole (720) is formed in the shielding part (72).

4. An adaptive combustion control system for a natural gas fired combustor as recited in claim 1, wherein: The front surface of the burner body (2) is further provided with a fixed rod (8) penetrating through the rotating hole (720).

5. A natural gas power plant combustor adaptive tuning device according to claim 4, wherein: The shielding part (72) is further provided with a plurality of semi-annular strips (73), and one end of the shielding part (72) is arc-shaped.

6. An adaptive combustion control system for a natural gas fired combustor as recited in claim 4, wherein: The burner body (2) is connected with a stand (1), a combustion head (3) connected with the stand (1), a control cabinet (4) provided on the rear surface of the burner body (2), and a supporting seat (5) installed on the stand (1).

7. An adaptive combustion control system for a natural gas fired combustor as recited in claim 1, wherein: The top of the supporting seat (5) is provided with a supporting part (51) supporting the burner body (2), the stand (1) is provided with an L-shaped plate (11) supporting the control cabinet (4), the stand (1) is provided with a supporting plate (9) and a horizontal plate (12), the L-shaped plate (11) is connected with the horizontal plate (12), and the bottom end of the L-shaped plate (11) is located above the supporting plate (9).

8. An adaptive gas turbine combustor system as in claim 7, wherein: The method comprises the following steps:

9. A method of using an adaptive combustion control system for a natural gas fired combustor as defined in any one of claims 1-8, wherein: Real-time monitoring of natural gas components, inlet pressure, and furnace temperature field working condition parameters; The monitored working condition parameters are transmitted to the control unit of the control cabinet (4), the control unit of the control cabinet (4) analyzes and processes the data, and calculates the optimal damper opening degree required by the burner under the current working condition; The control unit sends a control instruction to the speed reducer motor (6), the speed reducer motor (6) drives the worm shaft (61) to rotate, the worm shaft (61) drives the worm gear (71) to rotate, and the worm gear (71) drives the adjusting disc (7) to rotate, so as to adjust the damper (21) to the optimal opening degree; The self-locking characteristics of the worm shaft (61) and the worm gear (71) are utilized to lock the adjusted damper opening degree, so as to ensure that the damper opening degree remains unchanged during stable working condition. ​

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