Three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure and preparation method of three-dimensional reinforced composite board

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite boards, in particular to a three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on a basalt fiber honeycomb structure and a preparation method of the three-dimensional reinforced composite board. The sheet material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of homo-polypropylene, 8-10 parts of a compatilizer, 20-30 parts of a filler, 0.3-0.6 part of an antioxidant and 1-1.5 parts of a flame retardant, and continuous basalt fibers are selected as the raw material of the cloth. According to the invention, after being modified by the silane coupling agent, the auxiliary material is tightly combined with the fiber material in the banburying process, and the filler and the polypropylene matrix are melted and blended to form a compact three-dimensional reinforcement, so that the rigidity and compressive strength of the honeycomb composite board are remarkably improved, and the honeycomb composite board is not easy to generate buckling instability when bearing a load; therefore, the overall performance of the composite board is further improved, and the application prospect of the composite board is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite board, in particular to a three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Honeycomb sandwich composite board is widely used in aerospace, high-speed train, ship cabin, building fireproof curtain and other fields due to its excellent specific strength and specific stiffness. The traditional honeycomb sandwich board is usually formed by bonding thin upper panel, lower panel and intermediate honeycomb core through adhesive.

[0003] In the prior art, the material strength and structural stability of the honeycomb sandwich board are insufficient, which leads to instability phenomena such as buckling and collapse of the prepared composite board when subjected to out-of-plane pressure, thereby restricting the application prospect of the composite board. Based on this, the present application provides a three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure and a preparation method thereof. The three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure prepared by the present application not only has good mechanical properties, but also has excellent flame retardant properties.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure, which is composed of a plate material and a cloth material. The preparation of the plate material includes the following raw materials by weight: 80-90 parts of homopolymer polypropylene, 8-10 parts of compatibilizer, 20-30 parts of filler, 0.3-0.6 parts of antioxidant and 1-1.5 parts of flame retardant; The filler is prepared by the following method: S1: fiber material preparation, the raw materials of the fiber material include natural fiber material, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol; S2: preparation of auxiliary material, the raw materials of the auxiliary material include kaolin, nano silicon dioxide, KH570, anhydrous ethanol, zinc stearate, butyl rubber powder and wollastonite needle-like powder, and the mass of the auxiliary material is 30-40% of the mass of the fiber material; S3: mixing treatment, the fiber material and the auxiliary material are mixed and treated to obtain the filler; The raw material of the cloth material is selected from continuous basalt fiber.

[0006] Preferably, the method for preparing the fiber material is as follows: the natural fiber material is crushed to 100 mesh, vacuum dried at 100-105 DEG C for 4-6 h to obtain a powder, which is used as needed, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate are added to a mixer, the mixer is set to 60-80 rpm stirring treatment for 40-60 min to obtain a mixed solution, the powder is immersed in the mixed solution, stirring treatment is carried out at 55-65 DEG C and 80-100 rpm, the treatment time is 1-2 h, carbon dioxide is introduced during the treatment, the amount of carbon dioxide introduced is 60-100 mL / min, the obtained product is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent to an oven for drying treatment at 80-90 DEG C for 6-8 h, the obtained product is uniformly spread on a tray and sent to an electrostatic generator, the voltage is raised to 30 kV, and the treatment is carried out for 30-35 min to obtain a prepared material, the prepared material, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol are uniformly mixed and set to ultrasonic dispersion treatment at 200-300 W for 20-30 min, and the obtained product is dried at 80-90 DEG C for 2-4 h to prepare the fiber material.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of the powder and the mixed solution is 1:6-8, the mass ratio of basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate is 10:0.1-0.2:0.2-0.4:60-80:0.2-0.4, and the mass ratio of the prepared material, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol is 10:0.1-0.2:0.06-0.08:20-25, the natural fiber material is prepared by mixing sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber, and the mass ratio of sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber is 1:1.2-1.4:0.6-0.8.

[0008] Preferably, the method for preparing the auxiliary material is as follows: kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol are added to a reaction kettle, the temperature is set to 60-70 DEG C, the stirring speed is 300-400 rpm, and stirring treatment is carried out for 1-1.5 h, the obtained product is sent to an oven, the temperature is set to 90-100 DEG C for drying treatment for 6-8 h to obtain a dry powder, the dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle-shaped powder are sent to a mixer, the stirring speed is set to 600-800 rpm for 10-15 min to prepare the auxiliary material.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol is 1:0.2-0.4:0.03-0.05:3-4, and the mass ratio of the dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle-shaped powder is 1:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.2:0.06-0.08.

[0010] Preferably, the mixing method is as follows: the fiber material and the auxiliary material are added into a mixer, the temperature is set to 165-175℃, the rotating speed is set to 40-60rpm, the mixture is treated for 3-5min, and the obtained product is cooled to room temperature to complete the mixing treatment, thereby obtaining the filler.

[0011] Preferably, the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, and the flame retardant is melamine polyphosphate.

[0012] Preferably, the cloth is prepared by the following method: continuous basalt fibers pass through a tank filled with an infiltration solution at a drawing speed of 40-80m / min, and then the continuous basalt fibers are dried in an oven at 60-80℃ for 2-3h, the treated continuous basalt fibers are twisted into roving of 400-1200tex by a stranding machine, and the roving is woven by setting the warp density to 8-12 strands / cm and the weft density to 8-12 strands / cm, thereby obtaining the cloth.

[0013] Preferably, the infiltration solution is prepared by mixing deionized water, one-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of the deionized water, the one-component epoxy resin, the KH550, the wax emulsion and the di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is 100:3-5:0.4-0.6:0.5-0.15:0.1-0.2.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure comprises the following steps: Step one, plate material treatment: the raw materials of the plate material are weighed and added into a mixer, the rotating speed is set to 200-300rpm, and the mixture is stirred for 30-40min, the obtained product is sent into a double screw extruder, the temperature is set to 180-220℃, and the product is extruded, cooled and granulated to obtain granular material, and the granular material is sent into a calendering machine to be pressed into a plate, thereby completing the plate material treatment and obtaining the plate; Step two, cloth treatment: the cloth is laid on a honeycomb male mold, vacuum bag packaging is performed, the vacuum is extracted to-0.095MPa, and then the whole is sent into a hot press tank, the pressure is set to 0.4-0.6MPa, the heating rate is set to 2-5℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 110-130℃ and kept for 2-4h, and then the cooling rate is set to 2-3℃ / min to room temperature, thereby completing the cloth treatment and obtaining the cloth material with honeycomb structure; Step three, composite treatment: the plate, the cloth material with honeycomb structure and the plate are laid on a composite machine in sequence, hot melt adhesive is coated at the contact position of the plate, the cloth material with honeycomb structure and the plate, and the composite is hot-pressed under the conditions of 165-175℃ and 0.5-1MPa, and then the product is cut and trimmed after cooling, thereby completing the composite treatment and obtaining the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: 1、In the application, the fiber material in the filler is pretreated by carbonation and electrostatic treatment, combined with basalt fiber, multi-walled carbon nanotube and other components to form a reinforced skeleton, and the auxiliary material is modified by a silane coupling agent and tightly combined with the fiber material in the banburying process, so that the filler can form a dense three-dimensional reinforcing body after being melt blended with a polypropylene matrix, significantly improving the stiffness and compressive strength of the honeycomb composite board, so that the board is not prone to buckling instability when bearing load, thereby further improving the overall performance of the composite board and improving the application prospect of the composite board.

[0016] 2、In the application, the natural fiber, basalt fiber and nano inorganic components in the filler are all non-combustible and difficult-to-combust materials, which can promote the formation of a stable and dense carbon layer when burning in cooperation with a flame retardant, limiting the flame and heat in a single honeycomb cell and effectively blocking the spread, and at the same time, the three-dimensional reinforcing structure also significantly improves the fatigue resistance, creep resistance and dimensional stability of the composite board, so that the board can still maintain excellent performance in long-term use and harsh environments, and the board material, honeycomb structure cloth material and composite splicing of the board material are combined to provide intermediate support by the honeycomb-shaped cloth material, and the honeycomb structure provides omnidirectional lateral support for the overall composite board, effectively inhibiting the buckling instability of the material, so that the composite board can bear extremely high out-of-plane pressure and strong impact load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of a preparation method of a three-dimensional reinforced composite board based on a basalt fiber honeycomb structure is provided for the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0019] It should be noted that the raw materials used in the following embodiments are all commercially available raw materials.

[0020] Embodiment 1: The board material comprises the following raw materials by weight: 80 parts of homopolymer polypropylene, 8 parts of a compatibilizer, 20 parts of a filler, 0.3 parts of an antioxidant and 1 part of a flame retardant; The compatibilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, and the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010; The flame retardant is melamine polyphosphate; The filler is prepared by the following method: S1: fiber material preparation, the raw materials of the fiber material include natural fiber material, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol; S2: auxiliary material preparation, the raw materials of the auxiliary material include kaolin, nano silicon dioxide, KH570, anhydrous ethanol, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle powder, and the mass of the auxiliary material is 30% of the mass of the fiber material; S3: mixing treatment, the fiber material and the auxiliary material are mixed to obtain the filler.

[0021] The method for preparing the fiber material is as follows: the natural fiber material is crushed to 100 meshes, vacuum dried at 100 DEG C for 4 hours to obtain a powder, which is used later, the basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate are added into a mixer at a mass ratio of 10:0.1:0.2:60:0.2, the mixer is set to stir at 60 rpm for 40 minutes to obtain a mixed solution, the powder is immersed in the mixed solution, stirred at 80 rpm at 55 DEG C for 1 hour, and carbon dioxide is introduced during the treatment at a flow rate of 60 mL / min, the obtained product is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent into an oven for drying treatment at 80 DEG C for 6 hours, the obtained product is uniformly spread on a tray, sent into an electrostatic generator, and the voltage is raised to 30 kV for 30 minutes to obtain a prepared material, the prepared material, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol are uniformly mixed at a mass ratio of 10:0.1:0.06:20, and then ultrasonic dispersion treatment is carried out at 200 W for 20 minutes, and the obtained product is dried at 80 DEG C for 2 hours to obtain the fiber material.

[0022] The natural fiber material is prepared by mixing sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber at a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.6.

[0023] The method for preparing the auxiliary material is as follows: kaolin, nano silicon dioxide, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol are added into a reaction kettle at a mass ratio of 1:0.2:0.03:3, the temperature is set to 60 DEG C, the stirring speed is set to 300 rpm, and stirring treatment is carried out for 1 hour, the obtained product is sent into an oven, the temperature is set to 90 DEG C for drying treatment for 6 hours to obtain a dry powder, the dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle powder are sent into a mixer at a mass ratio of 1:0.1:0.1:0.06, and stirring treatment is carried out at 600 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain the auxiliary material.

[0024] The method for mixing treatment is as follows: the fiber material and the auxiliary material are added into an internal mixer, the temperature is set to 165 DEG C, the speed is set to 40 rpm, and treatment is carried out for 3 minutes, the obtained product is cooled to room temperature, the mixing treatment is completed, and the filler is obtained.

[0025] The cloth is prepared by the following method: continuous basalt fibers pass through a slot filled with an infiltration liquid through a drawing equipment at a drawing speed of 40 m / min, and then dried in an oven at 60 DEG C for 2 h; the treated continuous basalt fibers are twisted into a roving of 400 tex by a stranding machine, and the roving is woven at a warp density of 8 roots / cm and a weft density of 8 roots / cm to obtain the cloth; wherein the infiltration liquid is prepared by mixing deionized water, single-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of deionized water, single-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is 100:3:0.4:0.5:0.1.

[0026] A preparation method of a three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on a basalt fiber honeycomb structure, comprising the following steps: Step one, plate processing, the required raw materials of the plate are weighed and added into a mixer, and set at 200 rpm for stirring for 30 min; the obtained product is sent into a double screw extruder, and the temperature is set at 180 DEG C; extrusion cooling and granulation are performed to obtain granular material; the granular material is sent into a calendering machine for pressing and molding to complete the plate processing and obtain a plate; Step two, cloth processing, the cloth is laid on a honeycomb male mold, vacuum bag packaging is performed, vacuum is drawn to -0.095 MPa, and then the whole is sent into a hot press tank, the pressure is set at 0.4 MPa, the heating rate is 2 DEG C / min, the temperature is raised to 110 DEG C and kept for 2 h, and then the cooling rate is set at 2 DEG C / min to room temperature; the cloth processing is completed to obtain a honeycomb structure cloth material; Step three, composite processing, the plate, the honeycomb structure cloth material and the plate are laid on a composite machine in sequence, hot melt adhesive is coated at the contact position of the plate, the honeycomb structure cloth material and the plate, and hot pressing is performed at 165 DEG C and 0.5 MPa; after cooling, cutting and edging are performed to complete the composite processing and obtain the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on the basalt fiber honeycomb structure.

[0027] Example 2: The plate includes the following raw materials by weight: 85 parts of homopolymer polypropylene, 9 parts of a compatibilizer, 25 parts of a filler, 0.4 parts of an antioxidant and 1.2 parts of a flame retardant; The compatibilizer is selected from maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, and the antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 1010; The flame retardant is selected from melamine polyphosphate; The filler is prepared by the following method: S1: fiber material preparation, the raw materials of the fiber material include natural fiber materials, basalt fibers, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol; S2: Preparation of the auxiliary material, the raw materials of the auxiliary material include kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570, anhydrous ethanol, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle powder, and the mass of the auxiliary material is 35% of the mass of the fiber material; S3: Mixing treatment, the fiber material is mixed with the auxiliary material to obtain the filler.

[0028] The method for preparing the fiber material is as follows: the natural fiber material is crushed to 100 meshes, vacuum drying treatment is performed at 103 DEG C for 5h to obtain a powder, which is used as needed, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate are added into a mixer at a mass ratio of 10:0.15:0.25:70:0.3, the mixer is set to 70 rpm for stirring treatment for 50 min, the powder is immersed in the mixed solution, stirring treatment is performed at 60 DEG C and 90 rpm for 1.5h, carbon dioxide is introduced during the treatment, and the amount of the introduced carbon dioxide is 80 mL / min, the obtained product is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent into an oven for drying treatment at 85 DEG C for 7h, the obtained product is uniformly spread on a tray and sent into an electrostatic generator, the voltage is raised to 30 kV, and treatment is performed for 32 min to obtain a prepared material, the prepared material, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol are uniformly mixed at a mass ratio of 10:0.15:0.07:23, and ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed at 250 W for 25 min, and the obtained product is dried at 85 DEG C for 3h to obtain the fiber material.

[0029] The natural fiber material is obtained by mixing sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber, and the mass ratio of the sisal fiber, the flax fiber and the straw fiber is 1:1.3:0.7.

[0030] The method for preparing the auxiliary material is as follows: kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol are added into a reaction kettle at a mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.04:3.5, the temperature is set to 65 DEG C, the stirring speed is set to 350 rpm, and stirring treatment is performed for 1.2h, the obtained product is sent into an oven, the temperature is set to 95 DEG C for drying treatment for 7h to obtain dry powder, the dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle powder are sent into a mixer at a mass ratio of 1:0.15:0.15:0.07, and stirring treatment is performed at 700 rpm for 13 min to obtain the auxiliary material.

[0031] The method for mixing treatment is as follows: the fiber material and the auxiliary material are added into an internal mixer, the temperature is set to 170 DEG C, the speed is set to 50 rpm, and treatment is performed for 4 min, the obtained product is cooled to room temperature, the mixing treatment is completed, and the filler is obtained.

[0032] The cloth is prepared by the following method: continuous basalt fibers pass through a slot filled with an infiltration liquid through a drawing equipment at a drawing speed of 60 m / min, and then are dried in an oven set at 70 DEG C for 2.5 h; the treated continuous basalt fibers are twisted into 800 tex roving by a stranding machine, and the roving is woven by setting the warp density to 10 roots / cm and the weft density to 10 roots / cm to obtain the cloth; wherein the infiltration liquid is prepared by mixing deionized water, single-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of the deionized water, single-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is 100:4:0.5:0.1:0.15.

[0033] A preparation method of a three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on a basalt fiber honeycomb structure, comprising the following steps: Step one, plate processing, weighing the required raw materials of the plate and adding them into a mixer, setting 2500 rpm for stirring for 35 min, and then feeding the obtained product into a double screw extruder, setting the temperature to 200 DEG C, extruding, cooling and granulating to obtain granular material, and feeding the granular material into a calendering machine for pressing and molding to complete the plate processing and obtain the plate; Step two, cloth processing, laying the cloth on a honeycomb male mold, vacuum bag packaging, vacuumizing to -0.095 MPa, and then feeding the whole into a hot press tank, setting the pressure to 0.5 MPa, the heating rate to 3.5 DEG C / min, heating to 120 DEG C and keeping for 3 h, and then setting the cooling rate to 2.5 DEG C / min to room temperature, completing the cloth processing and obtaining the honeycomb structure cloth material; Step three, composite processing, laying the plate, the honeycomb structure cloth material and the plate on a composite machine in sequence, coating hot melt adhesive at the contact position of the plate, the honeycomb structure cloth material and the plate, hot pressing under the condition of 170 DEG C and 0.7 MPa, cutting and edging after cooling to complete the composite processing and obtain the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on the basalt fiber honeycomb structure.

[0034] Example 3: The plate includes the following raw materials by weight: 90 parts of homopolymer polypropylene, 10 parts of a compatibilizer, 30 parts of a filler, 0.6 parts of an antioxidant and 1.5 parts of a flame retardant; The compatibilizer is selected from maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, and the antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 1010; The flame retardant is selected from melamine polyphosphate; The filler is prepared by the following method: S1: fiber material preparation, the raw materials of the fiber material include natural fiber material, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol; S2: Preparation of adjuvant, the raw materials of the adjuvant include kaolin, nano-silica, KH570, anhydrous ethanol, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle powder, and the mass of the adjuvant is 40% of the mass of the fiber material; S3: Mixing treatment, the fiber material is mixed with the adjuvant to obtain the filler.

[0035] The method for preparing the fiber material is as follows: the natural fiber material is crushed to 100 mesh, vacuum dried at 105℃ for 6h to obtain a powder, which is used as needed, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate are added into a mixer at a mass ratio of 10:0.2:0.4:80:0.4, the mixer is set to 80rpm for stirring for 60min to obtain a mixed solution, the powder is immersed in the mixed solution, stirring is carried out at 100rpm at 65℃, the treatment time is 2h, carbon dioxide is introduced during the treatment, the amount of carbon dioxide introduced is 100mL / min, the obtained product is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent into an oven for drying treatment at 90℃ for 8h, the obtained product is uniformly spread on a tray and sent into an electrostatic generator, the voltage is raised to 30kV, and the treatment is carried out for 35min to obtain a preliminary material, the preliminary material, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol are uniformly mixed at a mass ratio of 10:0.2:0.08:25, and then ultrasonic dispersion treatment is carried out at 300W for 30min, the obtained product is dried at 90℃ for 4h to obtain the fiber material.

[0036] The natural fiber material is prepared by mixing sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber, and the mass ratio of the sisal fiber, the flax fiber and the straw fiber is 1:1.4:0.8.

[0037] The method for preparing the adjuvant is as follows: kaolin, nano-silica, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol are added into a reaction kettle at a mass ratio of 1:0.4:0.05:4, the temperature is set to 70℃, the stirring speed is set to 400rpm, and stirring treatment is carried out for 1.5h, the obtained product is sent into an oven, the temperature is set to 100℃ for drying treatment for 8h to obtain a dry powder, the dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene rubber powder and wollastonite needle powder are sent into a mixer at a mass ratio of 1:0.2:0.2:0.08, and stirring treatment is carried out at 800rpm for 15min to obtain the adjuvant.

[0038] The cloth is prepared by the following method: continuous basalt fibers pass through a slot filled with an infiltration solution through a drawing equipment at a drawing speed of 80 m / min, and then dried in an oven at 80℃ for 3h, the treated continuous basalt fibers are twisted into 1200tex roving by a stranding machine, and the roving is woven by setting the warp density to 12 roots / cm and the weft density to 12 roots / cm to obtain the cloth, wherein the infiltration solution is prepared by mixing deionized water, single-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of deionized water, single-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is 100:5:0.6:0.15:0.2.

[0039] A preparation method of a three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on a basalt fiber honeycomb structure, comprising the following steps: Step one, plate material treatment, weigh the required raw materials of the plate material and add them into a mixer, set the stirring speed to 300rpm and stirring treatment for 40min, the obtained product is sent into a double screw extruder, set the temperature to 220℃, extrude, cool and granulate to obtain granular material, the granular material is sent into a calendering machine for pressing and molding to complete the plate material treatment and obtain a plate material; Step two, cloth treatment, the cloth is laid on a honeycomb male mold, vacuum bag packaging is performed, vacuum is drawn to-0.095MPa, then the whole is sent into a hot press tank, set the pressure to 0.6MPa, the heating rate to 5℃ / min, heat to 130℃ and keep for 4h, then set the cooling rate to 3℃ / min to room temperature, complete the cloth treatment, and obtain a honeycomb structure cloth material; Step three, composite treatment, sequentially lay the plate material, the honeycomb structure cloth material and the plate material on a composite machine, coat hot melt adhesive at the contact position of the plate material, the honeycomb structure cloth material and the plate material, hot press composite under the condition of 175℃ and 1MPa, cut and edge after cooling, complete the composite treatment, and obtain the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on the basalt fiber honeycomb structure.

[0040] Comparative Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain fiber material.

[0041] Comparative Example 2, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain auxiliary materials.

[0042] Comparative Example 3, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that this comparative example does not contain fillers.

[0043] Performance test: the composite plates prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are subjected to performance test; Flat pressure strength test: the flat pressure strength (MPa) is tested according to the standard GB / T 1453-2005 and recorded in the following table, the higher the value, the more stable the composite plate; Compression modulus test: The compression modulus (MPa) was tested according to GB / T 1453-2005 standard and recorded in the table below, the higher the value, the better the core rigidity; Limiting oxygen index test: The limiting oxygen index (LOI, %) was tested according to GB / T 2406.2-2009 standard and recorded in the table below.

[0044] Table 1:

[0045] By analyzing and comparing the flat pressure strength and compression modulus data in the mechanical properties of the above table, it can be seen that the performance of Examples 1-3 is significantly better than that of Comparative Examples 1-3, and the performance of Comparative Example 3 without any filler is the worst, the performance of Comparative Example 1 without fiber material is the second, and the performance of Comparative Example 2 without auxiliary material is in the middle. This shows that the fiber material formed by the natural fibers, basalt fibers and carbon nanotubes treated by carbonation pretreatment and electrostatic treatment forms a reinforcing skeleton in the matrix, and the high clay, nano silicon dioxide and wollastonite in the auxiliary material modified by silane coupling agent are uniformly dispersed and filled in the interstitial space of the fiber network. Both of them are closely combined during the mixing process, and finally a firm "fiber reinforced-particle filled" three-dimensional interpenetrating network is constructed in the material matrix, which can effectively transfer and disperse stress, greatly inhibit the buckling deformation of the core wall under pressure, and significantly improve the anti-collapse ability and overall rigidity of the core. The performance of Comparative Example 3 drops sharply, which shows that the material degenerates and lacks effective reinforcing phase after the absence of fillers, and the mechanical properties deteriorate sharply. The performance of Comparative Example 1 deteriorates, which shows that the reinforcing skeleton formed by the fiber material is the key to supporting the load, and the material strength will decrease significantly after the absence of the fiber material. The performance of Comparative Example 2 is significantly lower than that of Examples 1-3, which is because the auxiliary material provides rigid filling and interface optimization, and the rigidity of the fiber network cannot be fully utilized after the absence of the auxiliary material, and the modulus is insufficient. By analyzing and comparing the limiting oxygen index data, it can be seen that the LOI value of Examples 1-3 is much higher than the threshold of flame-retardant materials, and the LOI values of Comparative Examples 1-3 are 28.5%, 33.0% and 25.0% respectively, which are significantly lower than that of Examples. This shows that the excellent flame retardance of the composite board is due to the synergistic flame retardance of multiple components in the fillers. The natural fibers and basalt fibers in the fiber material are non-combustible materials, and the dense carbon skeleton formed by them can effectively block heat and oxygen. The nano silicon dioxide and high clay in the auxiliary material can promote the formation of a stable and firm ceramic protective layer at high temperature. They cooperate with the flame retardant in the matrix to achieve high-efficiency flame retardance. The flame retardance of Comparative Example 3 is the worst, because the fillers are completely absent, and the flame retardance relies only on a small amount of flame retardant, and the effect is weak. The flame retardance of Comparative Example 1 is worse than that of Comparative Example 2, which shows that the role of the fiber material in carbonization and barrier construction is better than that of the auxiliary material. The absence of the fiber material leads to poor carbonization, and the absence of the auxiliary material affects the quality of the carbon layer, but the fiber skeleton can still provide certain barrier.

[0046] By comparing and analyzing the related data in the table, it can be known that the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure prepared by the application has not only good mechanical properties, but also excellent flame retardant performance. Therefore, the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure provided by the application has a broader market prospect and is more suitable for promotion.

[0047] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are only used to help explain the application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the application to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the present specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the application. The application is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional reinforced composite panel based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure, characterized in that: The plate material and the cloth material are included; The plate material is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 80-90 parts of homopolymer polypropylene, 8-10 parts of a compatibilizer, 20-30 parts of a filler, 0.3-0.6 parts of an antioxidant, and 1-1.5 parts of a flame retardant; The filler is prepared by the following method: S1: fiber material preparation, the raw materials of the fiber material include natural fiber material, basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol; S2: auxiliary material preparation, the raw materials of the auxiliary material include kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570, anhydrous ethanol, zinc stearate, butyl rubber powder and wollastonite needle-like powder, and the mass of the auxiliary material is 30-40% of the mass of the fiber material; S3: mixing treatment, the fiber material and the auxiliary material are mixed to obtain the filler; The raw materials of the cloth material are continuous basalt fibers.

2. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure three-dimensional reinforced composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the fiber material is as follows: the natural fiber material is crushed to 100 mesh, vacuum dried at 100-105℃ for 4-6h to obtain a powder, which is used as needed, the basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate are added into a mixer, the mixer is set to 60-80rpm for stirring for 40-60min to obtain a mixed solution, the powder is immersed in the mixed solution, stirring is carried out at 55-65℃ and 80-100rpm for 1-2h, carbon dioxide is introduced during the process, the amount of the introduced carbon dioxide is 60-100mL / min, the obtained product is filtered to obtain a solid, the solid is sent into an oven for drying at 80-90℃ for 6-8h, the obtained product is uniformly spread on a tray, sent into an electrostatic generator, and the voltage is raised to 30kV for 30-35min to obtain a preliminary material, the preliminary material, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000, anhydrous ethanol are uniformly mixed and set to 200-300W for ultrasonic dispersion for 20-30min, the obtained product is dried at 80-90℃ for 2-4h to obtain the fiber material.

3. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure three-dimensional reinforced composite panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the powder and the mixed solution is 1:6-8, the mass ratio of the basalt fiber, KH560, calcium chloride, deionized water and sodium bicarbonate is 10:0.1-0.2:0.2-0.4:60-80:0.2-0.4, the mass ratio of the preliminary material, multi-walled carbon nanotube, PEG4000 and anhydrous ethanol is 10:0.1-0.2:0.06-0.08:20-25, the natural fiber material is prepared by mixing sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber, and the mass ratio of the sisal fiber, flax fiber and straw fiber is 1:1.2-1.4:0.6-0.

8.

4. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure three-dimensional reinforced composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the adjuvant is as follows: kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol are added into a reaction kettle, the temperature is set to 60-70℃, the stirring speed is set to 300-400 rpm, and the obtained product is sent into an oven for drying treatment at 90-100℃ for 6-8h to obtain dry powder, the dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene-styrene rubber powder and wollastonite needle-shaped powder are sent into a mixer for stirring treatment at 600-800 rpm for 10-15 min to obtain the adjuvant.

5. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based three-dimensional honeycomb structure of claim 4, wherein, The mass ratio of kaolin, nano-silicon dioxide, KH570 and anhydrous ethanol is 1:0.2-0.4:0.03-0.05:3-4, and the mass ratio of dry powder, zinc stearate, butadiene-styrene rubber powder and wollastonite needle-shaped powder is 1:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.2:0.06-0.

08.

6. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure three-dimensional reinforced composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for mixing treatment is as follows: the fiber material and the adjuvant are added into a banbury mixer, the temperature is set to 165-175℃, the rotating speed is set to 40-60 rpm, and the obtained product is cooled to room temperature after treatment for 3-5 min to complete the mixing treatment and obtain the filler.

7. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure three-dimensional panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010, and the flame retardant is melamine polyphosphate.

8. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure three-dimensional panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cloth is prepared by the following method: continuous basalt fibers pass through a slot filled with an infiltration solution through a drawing equipment at a drawing speed of 40-80 m / min, and then the treated continuous basalt fibers are twisted into roving of 400-1200 tex in an oven set at 60-80℃ for drying treatment for 2-3h, the roving is woven by setting the warp density to 8-12 strands / cm and the weft density to 8-12 strands / cm to obtain the cloth.

9. The basalt fiber reinforced polymer based three-dimensional honeycomb structure of claim 8, wherein, The infiltration solution is prepared by mixing deionized water, one-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio of deionized water, one-component epoxy resin, KH550, wax emulsion and di-stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride is 100:3-5:0.4-0.6:0.5-0.15:0.1-0.

2.

10. The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional reinforced composite panel based on basalt fiber honeycomb structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, plate material treatment, each raw material of the plate material is weighed according to the requirement, added into a mixer, set to stirring treatment at 200-300 rpm for 30-40 min, the obtained product is sent into a twin-screw extruder, set to 180-220℃, extruded, cooled and granulated to obtain granular material, the granular material is sent into a calendering machine for pressing and molding to complete the plate material treatment and obtain the plate material; Step two, cloth treatment, the cloth is laid on a honeycomb male mold, vacuum bag packaging is performed, vacuum is drawn to-0.095 MPa, then the whole is sent into a hot press tank, the pressure is set to 0.4-0.6 MPa, the heating rate is set to 2-5℃ / min, the temperature is raised to 110-130℃ and kept for 2-4h, then the cooling rate is set to 2-3℃ / min to room temperature, the cloth treatment is completed to obtain the honeycomb structure cloth material. Step three, composite processing, laying the plate, the honeycomb structure cloth material, the plate in sequence on the compound machine, coating hot melt adhesive at the contact position of the plate, the honeycomb structure cloth material, the plate, hot pressing under the condition of 165-175 ℃, 0.5-1 MPa, cutting and edging after cooling, completing the composite processing, and obtaining the three-dimensional reinforced composite plate based on the basalt fiber honeycomb structure.

Images