Method for improving sand afforestation effect through wall-attached deep planting of seedlings hidden in pits

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sand land ecological restoration, in particular to a method for improving sand land afforestation effect through wall-attached deep planting of seedlings hidden in pits. The method comprises the following steps: (1) digging a planting pit with the depth of 55-65 cm and the length and the width of 40-60 cm in a sand land; and (2) transplanting nutrition pot seedlings with the seedling height of 25-50cm and the seedling age of 3-4 years into the planting pits. The afforestation method is simple, under the condition that watering is not needed after planting, the survival rate of transplanted seedlings reaches up to 95% or above, the three-year preservation rate reaches 86% or above, and it is indicated that the method is stable. And a novel method is provided for large-scale sand forestation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of desert ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a method for improving the effectiveness of afforestation in desert areas by planting seedlings deep into pits against the walls. Background Technology

[0002] Arid and semi-arid sandy lands are characterized by dry climates, scarce rainfall, frequent wind and sand activity, and poor soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, making afforestation difficult, resulting in low seedling survival rates and slow growth, which hinders the improvement of the sandy land's ecological environment. Traditional afforestation methods in sandy lands typically involve conventional pit planting, where seedlings are planted at shallow depths. The roots are distributed in the shallow sandy soil, making them susceptible to wind and sand erosion, leading to root exposure. Simultaneously, the shallow sandy soil evaporates water quickly, failing to provide a continuous and stable water supply for seedling growth, resulting in low seedling survival rates.

[0003] To improve the survival rate of afforestation in sandy areas, existing technologies also include mulching and straw covering. Mulching and straw covering mainly improve seedling survival by reducing soil moisture evaporation. However, in areas with strong winds and sandstorms, the mulch and straw are easily damaged by wind and sand, resulting in reduced water retention and affecting seedling growth and survival.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for afforestation in sandy areas that can effectively solve the problems of poor water retention and insufficient water supply in traditional afforestation methods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for afforestation in sandy areas that effectively increases the contact between seedling roots and soil, enhances the windproof effect of planting pits, reduces soil moisture evaporation, and improves seedling survival rate; in particular, it relates to a method for improving the effectiveness of afforestation in sandy areas by planting seedlings deep into the pits against the walls.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for improving the effectiveness of afforestation in sandy areas by planting seedlings deep into pits against the walls, comprising the following steps: (1) Dig planting pits in the sand with a depth of 55-65cm and a length and width of 40-60cm; (2) Transplant seedlings with a height of 25-50cm and an age of 3-4 years into the planting pit.

[0007] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent planting pits is 2 to 3 meters.

[0008] Preferably, when digging the planting pit, the excavated sand is placed on the northwest side of the planting pit.

[0009] Preferably, the seedlings in the nutrient pots are Pinus tabuliformis seedlings, Pinus sylvestris seedlings, Pinus spp. seedlings, Picea spp. seedlings, Tamarix chinensis seedlings, or Salix psammophila seedlings.

[0010] Preferably, the height of the nutrient cup should be 15-20cm when transplanting seedlings in nutrient pots.

[0011] Preferably, the seedlings in the nutrient pots should be placed close to the northwest side wall of the planting pit during transplanting; After transplanting the seedlings into the planting pit, cover them with sand to a height of 15-20cm.

[0012] Preferably, the transplanting time is June to July each year.

[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the method in improving the survival rate of transplanted trees in sandy areas.

[0014] This invention also provides the application of the method in effectively improving the ecological environment of sandy areas.

[0015] Advantages of the method of the present invention over the prior art: (1) Improve seedling survival rate: The present invention adopts the method of deep planting of seedlings in pits and close to the wall, so that the seedling roots naturally extend along the side wall of the pit and are in close contact with the soil. At the same time, the seedlings are planted at a deeper depth, and the roots can penetrate into the deep soil to obtain the required water, reducing the impact of wind and sand erosion on the root system and the rapid evaporation of shallow soil water on seedling growth, and significantly improving the seedling survival rate.

[0016] (2) Enhance wind protection effect: The sand and soil excavated from the planting pit are piled on the northwest side of the planting pit, which reduces the damage to the seedlings planted in the sandy land caused by the prevailing northwest wind.

[0017] (3) Simple operation and low cost: The steps of this invention are simple. It only requires digging a deep planting pit. After transplanting, there is no need to manage the seedlings too much. No watering is required. The rainwater from the natural environment, such as rainfall, is sufficient to meet the growth of the seedlings. There is no need to add rooting agents, fertilizers, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram of Pinus tabuliformis planted according to the planting method of the first planting area in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following detailed description of the solutions provided by the present invention, in conjunction with the embodiments, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] The sandy land in Xuanhua District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province was divided into three planting areas, with different planting methods in each area. All planted seedlings were three-year-old Pinus tabuliformis seedlings in nutrient pots, with a seedling height of 30±2cm and a nutrient pot height of 18±1cm. The following planting experiment was conducted in mid-June 2022.

[0022] The planting method for the first planting area is as follows: dig a planting pit in the sand with a depth of 60cm and a length and width of 50cm. The distance between two adjacent planting pits is 2.5m. Place the excavated sand on the northwest side of the planting pit to prevent damage from the strong northwest winds in Zhangjiakou area during winter and spring.

[0023] Transplant the pine seedlings, still in their nutrient cups, close to the northwest wall of the planting pit, and bury them in 16±1cm of sand. The planting results are as follows. Figure 1 As shown.

[0024] The planting method for the second planting area is as follows: Dig planting holes 25cm deep and 30cm in diameter in the sandy soil, with a distance of 2.5cm between adjacent planting holes. Transplant the pine seedlings with nutrient cups into the center of the planting holes, bury them in 20cm of sand, and compact the soil.

[0025] The planting method for the third planting area is as follows: Dig planting holes 25cm deep and 30cm in diameter in sandy soil, with a distance of 2.5cm between adjacent planting holes. Starting 10cm outside each planting hole, dig a circular trench 5cm deep and 3cm wide. Transplant the pine seedlings with nutrient cups into the center of the planting holes and bury them in 20cm of sand. Cut 0.01mm black polyethylene mulch film into circles 55cm in diameter, with a 6cm diameter hole in the center. Thread the pine seedling through the hole, extending the edge of the mulch film to the edge of the circular trench. Cover the trench with 3cm of sand to secure the mulch film. Remove the mulch film after 6 months.

[0026] The survival rate of Pinus tabuliformis transplanted using different methods was recorded in the second and fourth months after transplanting, and the results are shown in Table 1. Survival rate = (Surviving trees / Total transplanted trees) × 100%.

[0027] The growth of new shoots on the main stem of Pinus tabuliformis transplanted using different methods was measured in the first (2023), second (2024), and third (2025) years after transplanting. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] The survival rate of Pinus tabuliformis transplanted using different methods was statistically analyzed in the third year after transplanting, and the results are shown in Table 1. Survival rate = (Number of surviving plants / Total number of transplanted trees) × 100%.

[0029] Table 1. Effects of different transplanting methods on the growth of Pinus tabuliformis planted in sandy areas.

[0030] Table 1 shows that the survival rate of Pinus tabuliformis in the first planting area was significantly higher than that in the second and third planting areas in both the second and fourth months. In addition, the amount of new shoots growing on the main stem of Pinus tabuliformis in the first planting area was also higher than that in the second and third planting areas. The 3-year survival rate was basically the same as the survival rate. The number of survivors and the number of survivors indicate that the planting method of the present invention is stable.

[0031] Three years of observation after transplanting showed that the Pinus tabuliformis in the first planting area did not experience shoot emergence during winter and spring. The Pinus tabuliformis in the second planting area experienced more severe shoot emergence during these three years, with 15% of the plants emerging each year. The Pinus tabuliformis in the third planting area had a lower rate of shoot emergence than the second planting area. There was basically no shoot emergence in the first year after transplanting, 10% emerged in the second year, and 8% emerged in the third year.

[0032] In addition, to explore the mechanism by which deep planting of seedlings in sandy pits improves afforestation effectiveness, in 2025, the differences in solar irradiance, wind speed, soil evaporation, plant water consumption, and soil moisture content under different planting methods (pit planting and surface planting) were compared. Solar irradiance was measured using a lux meter, wind speed using an anemometer, soil evaporation and plant water consumption using a weighing method, and soil moisture content using a ΔTHH2 soil moisture meter. The results showed that compared with surface planting, pit planting reduced solar irradiance by 10-80% and wind speed by 80-100%. This resulted in a 41% reduction in soil evaporation and a 30% reduction in seedling water consumption. Ultimately, the soil moisture content of pit planting was 44% higher than that of surface planting. Favorable soil moisture conditions and microclimate significantly promote the survival and growth of seedlings after afforestation.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] The sandy land of Shuiquan Forest Farm in Zhangbei County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, was divided into three planting areas, with different planting methods in each area. The seedlings used were three-year-old Pinus sylvestris seedlings planted in nutrient pots, with a seedling height of 42±2 cm and a nutrient pot height of 18±1 cm. The following planting experiment was conducted in late June 2022.

[0035] The planting method for the first planting area is as follows: dig planting pits in the sand with a depth of 65cm and a length and width of 50cm. The distance between two adjacent planting pits is 3m. Place the excavated sand on the northwest side of the planting pits to prevent damage from the northwest wind in winter and spring.

[0036] Transplant the pine seedlings with nutrient cups close to the northwest wall of the planting pit into the planting pit and bury them in 18±1cm of sand.

[0037] The planting method for the second planting area is as follows: Use a ground drill to dig planting holes 25cm deep and 30cm in diameter in the sandy soil, with a distance of 3cm between two adjacent planting holes. Transplant the Pinus sylvestris seedlings with nutrient cups into the center of the planting holes, bury them in 20cm of sandy soil, and compact the soil.

[0038] The planting method for the third planting area is as follows: Using a burr, dig planting holes 25cm deep and 30cm in diameter in the sandy soil. The distance between two adjacent planting holes is 3m. Starting 10cm outside each planting hole, dig a circular trench 5cm deep and 3cm wide. Transplant the pine seedlings with their nutrient cups into the center of the planting holes and bury them in 20cm of sand. Cut 0.01mm black polyethylene mulch film into circles 60cm in diameter, with an 8cm diameter hole in the center. Insert the pine seedlings through the hole, extending the edge of the mulch film to the edge of the circular trench. Cover the trench with 3cm of sand to secure the mulch film. Remove the mulch film after 4 months.

[0039] The survival rate of Pinus sylvestris transplanted by different methods was counted in the second and fourth months after transplanting, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0040] The growth of new shoots on the main stem of Pinus sylvestris transplanted using different methods was measured in the first (2023), second (2024), and third (2025) years after transplanting. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0041] In the third year after transplanting, the survival rate of Pinus sylvestris transplanted using different methods was statistically analyzed and calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2. Effects of different transplanting methods on the growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica planted in sandy areas.

[0043] Table 2 shows that the survival rate of transplanted Pinus sylvestris in the first planting area was significantly higher than that in the second and third planting areas. In addition, although the growth of new shoots on the main stem of Pinus sylvestris in the first planting area was not significantly different from that in other planting areas in the first year, it was significantly higher in the second and third years. The survival rate was basically unchanged after three years, indicating that the planting method of the present invention is stable.

[0044] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a method for improving the effectiveness of afforestation in sandy areas by planting seedlings deep into pits against the walls. The method of the present invention includes the following steps: (1) digging a planting pit in the sandy area with a depth of 55-65cm and a length and width of 40-60cm; (2) transplanting seedlings with a height of 25-50cm and an age of 2-3 years into the planting pit. The present invention adopts the method of planting seedlings deep into pits against the walls, which allows the seedling roots to naturally extend along the side walls of the pit and make close contact with the soil. At the same time, the seedlings are planted at a deeper depth, and the roots can penetrate into the deep soil to obtain the required water, reducing the impact of wind and sand damage on the root system and the rapid evaporation of shallow soil water on the seedling growth, and significantly improving the survival rate of the seedlings. The method of the present invention also does not require watering and fertilization. It only uses the nutrients and water underground in the sandy soil and natural rainwater for irrigation to make the trees survive, which not only saves resources but also reduces costs and is simple to operate. It provides a new method for large-scale afforestation in sandy areas.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the effectiveness of afforestation in sandy areas by planting seedlings deep into pits against the walls, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: (1) Dig planting pits in the sand with a depth of 55-65cm and a length and width of 40-60cm; (2) Transplant seedlings with a height of 25-50cm and an age of 3-4 years into the planting pit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent planting pits is 2-3m.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When digging the planting pit, excavate the sand and place it on the northwest side of the planting pit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seedlings in the nutrient pots are Pinus tabuliformis seedlings, Pinus sylvestris seedlings, Pinus spp. seedlings, Picea spp. seedlings, Tamarix chinensis seedlings, or Salix psammophila seedlings.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When transplanting seedlings in nutrient pots, the height of the nutrient pot should be 15-20cm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When transplanting, the seedlings in the nutrient pots should be placed close to the northwest wall of the planting pit; After transplanting the seedlings into the planting pit, cover them with sand to a height of 15-20cm.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transplanting time is from June to July each year.

8. The application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in improving the survival rate of transplanted trees in sandy areas.

9. The application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in effectively improving the ecological environment of sandy land.

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