A waste electronic product plastic sorting device

Abstract

The application discloses a waste and old electronic product plastic sorting equipment, and relates to the technical field of plastic recycling, which comprises a box body, a hopper is installed on the top of the box body, a horizontal shaft is installed at the discharge port of the hopper bottom, a plurality of feeding plates are evenly installed on the horizontal shaft in the circumferential direction, a pushing plate is arranged at the position between the adjacent two feeding plates on the horizontal shaft, supporting legs are installed at the two ends of the pushing plate and are in sliding fit with the horizontal shaft in the radial direction, a telescopic rod is installed on the horizontal shaft in the radial direction and corresponds to each supporting leg, a trapezoidal plate is installed on the horizontal shaft in the axial direction and corresponds to the position between the telescopic rod and the supporting leg, and the inner ends of the telescopic rod and the supporting leg are respectively attached to the two oblique sides of the trapezoidal plate.

Description

A plastic sorting device for waste electronic products Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic recycling technology, specifically to a plastic sorting device for waste electronic products. Background Technology

[0002] Plastics and metals are the two most abundant materials in waste electronic products, making their effective separation and sorting crucial. The separation of plastics from other materials can be achieved based on the differences in their properties. Although there are many types of plastics, they share similar physicochemical properties. For example, they have lower density, are mostly non-conductive, and have lower mechanical strength compared to metals. These differences can be utilized through methods such as flotation and electrostatic separation.

[0003] Electrostatic sorting is a type of composite electric field sorting, used to separate metals from non-metals based on the different conductivity properties of various materials. Its working principle is as follows: The corona electric field is a non-uniform electric field containing two electrodes: a corona electrode (negatively charged) and a roller electrode (positively charged). When the potential difference between the two electrodes reaches a certain value, the negative electrode emits a large number of electrons, which move at high speeds in the electric field. When these electrons collide with air molecules, they ionize the air molecules. The negative ions in the air fly towards the positive electrode, forming a volume charge. Substances with different conductivity acquire negative charges upon entering the electric field, but their behavior differs. Substances with good conductivity rapidly transfer negative charges to the positive electrode without being affected by it. Substances with poor conductivity transfer charges very slowly but are attracted by the positive electrode. The difference in their trajectories achieves the purpose of sorting.

[0004] In existing electrostatic sorting equipment, waste particles accumulate in the hopper, and even after washing, they cannot be completely dried. Consequently, some waste particles adhere to the conveying rollers at the bottom of the hopper and cannot be properly detached. This results in varying feed rates between adjacent blades, leading to uneven feeding. Since the conveying rollers are located at the bottom of the hopper and are constantly rotating during operation, manual cleaning requires stopping the equipment, and the limited space for manual operation hinders processing speed and makes effective cleaning impossible. Therefore, how to reduce the adhesion of waste particles to the conveying rollers without shutting down the machine is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plastic sorting device for waste electronic products to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a plastic sorting device for waste electronic products, comprising a box body, a hopper installed on the top of the box body, a horizontal shaft installed at the discharge port at the bottom of the hopper, and a plurality of feeding plates evenly installed circumferentially on the horizontal shaft; a pusher plate is provided on the horizontal shaft at a position corresponding to the position between two adjacent feeding plates, and a support foot is installed at both ends of the pusher plate that slides radially with the horizontal shaft; a telescopic rod is slidably installed on the horizontal shaft at a position corresponding to each support foot; a trapezoidal plate is slidably installed axially inside the horizontal shaft at a position corresponding to the position between the telescopic rod and the support foot, and the inner ends of the telescopic rod and the support foot are respectively in contact with the two inclined sides of the trapezoidal plate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an arc-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box at a position corresponding to the lower position of the horizontal axis. The arc-shaped plate is used to push the telescopic rod toward the center of the horizontal axis.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spring is connected between the pusher plate and the horizontal shaft.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hopper is equipped with a plurality of parallel horizontal rollers, and the spacing between each horizontal roller is the same; an opening is formed on the front end face of the hopper and an inclined guide plate is installed at the opening.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vertical groove is provided on the side wall of the hopper, the end of the horizontal roller is movably engaged with the vertical groove, and a rectangular frame is slidably installed on the hopper along the vertical direction and sleeved on the end of each horizontal roller.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing plate for sealing the vertical groove is installed on the rectangular frame.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal roller is provided with convex strips arranged along its axial direction on its circumferential surface.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transmission wheel is fixedly sleeved at the end of the horizontal roller, and each transmission wheel is connected by a transmission belt.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the hopper is provided with inclined grooves that communicate with the vertical grooves at the top of each vertical groove, and the inclined grooves are arranged radially from bottom to top.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the convex strip and the horizontal roller slide in a radial manner, and an elastic element is connected between them; a notch is formed at one end of the convex strip, and a telescopic block that matches the notch is slidably installed at the end of the horizontal roller along its axial direction; an inclined plate that fits against the outer end face of the telescopic block is fixedly installed outside the hopper; a guide groove is provided on the telescopic block, and a round pin that passes through the guide groove is installed on the convex strip.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment provided by the present invention continuously rotates the horizontal shaft, the feeding plate and the pusher plate (feeding roller) during the operation. With each rotation, when the pusher plate enters the downward state, it moves radially outward along the horizontal shaft and then quickly retracts to remove the waste particles adhering to the feeding plate. At the same time, the waste particles adhering to the pusher plate are also separated from the pusher plate, thereby realizing the cleaning of waste particles adhering to the feeding roller without stopping the machine, and ensuring the uniformity of the feeding amount.

[0017] This invention provides a plastic sorting device for waste electronic products. The hopper contains multiple horizontal rollers with equal spacing, effectively screening waste particles and preventing larger particles from entering the hopper. Furthermore, the horizontal rollers are equipped with raised strips, forming a seamless plate-like structure. This plate-like structure compresses the waste particles in the hopper, ensuring uniform particle density and further guaranteeing uniform feeding from the conveyor rollers. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the third three-dimensional structure of the waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the horizontal axis, feeding plate and pusher plate in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of part of the internal structure of the horizontal axis;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the working state of each horizontal roller;

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the coordination state of the horizontal roller, the convex strip, and the telescopic block.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Box body; 2. Hopper; 201. Vertical groove; 202. Inclined groove; 3. Horizontal shaft; 4. Feeding plate; 5. Pushing plate; 6. Support leg; 7. Telescopic rod; 8. Trapezoidal plate; 9. Arc plate; 10. Spring; 11. Horizontal roller; 12. Guide plate; 13. Rectangular frame; 14. Sealing plate; 15. Raised strip; 16. Drive wheel; 17. Drive belt; 18. Telescopic block; 1801. Guide groove; 19. Inclined plate; 20. Round pin. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a plastic sorting device for waste electronic products, including a housing 1 and a hopper 2 installed on top of the housing 1. A grounding roller, a high-voltage electrode, and a discharge brush are installed inside the housing 1. The grounding roller and discharge brush rotate continuously under the action of an external power source. During the rotation of the grounding roller, it comes into contact with the waste particles falling from the hopper 2. Non-conductive plastics are adsorbed onto the surface of the grounding roller and swept into the first discharge area by the discharge brush, while conductive metals are pre-discarded during the rotation of the grounding roller and fall into the second discharge area. The specific working process and principle are existing technologies in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 and 3-5, a horizontal shaft 3 is installed at the discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 2. The horizontal shaft 3 passes through both ends of the housing 1 and is continuously rotated under the control of an external power source. Several feeding plates 4 are evenly installed along the circumference of the horizontal shaft 3. Pushing plates 5 are positioned on the horizontal shaft 3 at positions corresponding to adjacent feeding plates 4. Each pushing plate 5 has supporting legs 6 at both ends that slide radially with the horizontal shaft 3, allowing the pushing plate 5 to move radially relative to the horizontal shaft 3. A spring 10 connects the pushing plate 5 to the horizontal shaft 3. The horizontal shaft 3, feeding plates 4, and pushing plates 5 together form a conveying roller, which is used to evenly convey waste particles from the hopper 2 downwards to the surface of the grounding roller inside the housing 1.

[0031] Specifically, during operation, the horizontal shaft 3, feeding plate 4, and pusher plate 5 rotate continuously under the action of an external power source. Waste particles in the hopper 2 continuously fill the area between two adjacent feeding plates 4 under gravity, and rotate synchronously with the horizontal shaft 3, feeding plate 4, and pusher plate 5 until they separate from the hopper 2. The waste particles pushed by the feeding plate 4 fall freely onto the surface of the grounding roller under gravity. During this process, some waste particles adhere to the surfaces of the feeding plate 4 and pusher plate 5. If the adhered waste is not removed in time, it will lead to uneven feeding of the conveying roller. To address this problem, in this embodiment, when the pusher plate 5 and support leg 6 rotate with the horizontal shaft 3 to the point where the pusher plate 5 faces downwards, i.e., when the waste particles in the corresponding area begin to fall, the pusher plate 5 and support leg 6 quickly move radially downwards along the horizontal shaft 3 and then retract to their original positions. During this process, the pusher plate 5 removes waste particles adhering to the surface of the feed plate 4. Simultaneously, its rapid expansion and contraction generate vibrations, causing the waste particles adhering to its surface to fall off. Thus, with each rotation of the conveying roller, the waste particles adhering to it are removed, improving the uniformity of the conveying roller's feeding.

[0032] As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, a telescopic rod 7 is radially slidably installed on the horizontal axis 3 at the position corresponding to each support leg 6. A trapezoidal plate 8 is axially slidably installed inside the horizontal axis 3 at the position between the telescopic rod 7 and the support leg 6, with the inner ends of the telescopic rod 7 and the support leg 6 respectively abutting the two inclined sides of the trapezoidal plate 8. An arc-shaped plate 9 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 1 at the position below the horizontal axis 3. The arc-shaped plate 9 is used to push the telescopic rod 7 towards the center of the horizontal axis 3. When the telescopic rod 7 moves radially inward along the horizontal axis 3, it pushes the trapezoidal plate 8, which is abutting it, to move horizontally along the horizontal axis 3. The trapezoidal plate 8 then pushes the support leg 6, which is abutting it, to move the pusher plate 5 radially outward along the horizontal axis 3, stretching the spring 10. Specifically, when the pusher plate 5 rotates with the horizontal axis 3 to a downward position, the telescopic rod 7 also rotates with the horizontal axis 3 to a position where it is in contact with the arc-shaped plate 9. Under the guidance of the arc-shaped plate 9, it is pushed to move radially inward along the horizontal axis 3, thereby causing the pusher plate 5 to move radially outward along the horizontal axis 3. As the horizontal axis 3 continues to rotate, the telescopic rod 7 separates from the arc-shaped plate 9, and the pusher plate 5 is pulled back to its original position under the rebound force of the spring 10, completing the reciprocating motion. In summary, in this embodiment, the conveying roller can remove waste particles adhering to it during continuous rotation.

[0033] In actual processing, it is difficult to ensure that the size of waste particles is uniform. If the particles are large, their weight will also be large, which may cause some of the larger particles that should have been adsorbed on the grounding roller to fall off prematurely, thus affecting the sorting effect. Based on this, the following design was also carried out in this embodiment.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2, several parallel horizontal rollers 11 are installed inside the hopper 2, with the same spacing between each horizontal roller 11. An opening is formed on the front end face of the hopper 2, and an inclined guide plate 12 is installed at the opening. The spacing between the horizontal rollers 11 does not allow waste particles exceeding a predetermined size to pass through. During operation, waste particles are conveyed by the conveyor belt and fall above each horizontal roller 11. Each horizontal roller 11 rotates synchronously. Waste particles that meet the size requirements fall between adjacent horizontal rollers 11, while waste particles that exceed the size requirements remain above the horizontal rollers 11 and gradually approach the guide plate 12 under the conveying of the horizontal rollers 11, and are finally discharged from the hopper 2 through the guide plate 12.

[0035] In actual operation, if the amount of material in hopper 2 is too large, it will greatly increase the load on the horizontal shaft 3 during rotation, increase energy consumption, and also cause more waste particles to adhere to the feeding plate 4 and the pusher plate 5. Therefore, it is necessary to control the amount of material discharged from the conveyor belt to reduce the amount of waste particles in hopper 2. However, when there are fewer waste particles, the rotation of the conveying roller will have a significant agitation effect on the waste particles above it, making the waste particles in a relatively loose state, resulting in uneven density of waste particles and affecting the uniformity of feeding. The ideal way is to periodically press down the waste particles in hopper 2 to make the waste particles above the conveying roller in a uniform density state. Based on this, the following design was also made in this embodiment.

[0036] As shown in Figures 2 and 6, convex strips 15 arranged axially are installed on the circumferential surface of the horizontal roller 11. A vertical groove 201 is formed on the side wall of the hopper 2. The end of the horizontal roller 11 is movably fitted with the vertical groove 201. A rectangular frame 13, fitted onto the end of each horizontal roller 11, is slidably mounted on the hopper 2 in the vertical direction. The rectangular frame 13 moves up and down, causing the horizontal roller 11 to rise and fall synchronously. A sealing plate 14 is installed on the rectangular frame 13 to seal the vertical groove 201, and the sealing plate 14 is in contact with the outer wall of the hopper 2. A drive wheel 16 is fixedly fitted onto the end of the horizontal roller 11, and the drive wheels 16 are connected by a drive belt 17.

[0037] Specifically, during operation, the transmission belt 17 is driven by an external power source, which in turn drives all the transmission wheels 16 and horizontal rollers 11 to rotate synchronously. Initially, the horizontal rollers 11 are located at the top of the vertical groove 201. Every so often, the transmission belt 17, under the control of the external power source, drives each horizontal roller 11 to rotate to a predetermined state. In this state, the ribs 15 fill the gaps between two adjacent horizontal rollers 11. Then, the transmission belt 17 remains stationary, meaning that each horizontal roller 11 and the ribs 15 together form a horizontal plate-like structure. Then, the rectangular frame 13 moves downward under the action of the external power source, thereby driving each horizontal roller 11 and the ribs 15 to move downward synchronously until the horizontal rollers 11 descend to the bottom of the vertical groove 201. During this process, the horizontal rollers 11 and the ribs 15 together press down the waste particles in the hopper 2, ensuring that the waste particles above the conveying rollers are in a state of uniform density.

[0038] It should be noted that the presence of the protruding strip 15 not only allows it to work with the horizontal roller 11 to press down the waste particles in the hopper 2, but also enables it to horizontally convey waste particles that do not meet size requirements on the horizontal roller 11 while it is rotating at the top position of the vertical groove 201. The width of the protruding strip 15 is the same as the distance between adjacent horizontal rollers 11; thus, the protruding strip 15 will not affect the rotation of the horizontal roller 11, and can effectively push waste particles that do not meet size requirements on the horizontal roller 11.

[0039] As shown in Figures 2 and 7, the convex strip 15 and the horizontal roller 11 slide in a radial manner, and an elastic element connects them. On the side wall of the hopper 2, corresponding to the top position of each vertical groove 201, there is an inclined groove 202 communicating with the vertical groove 201. The inclined grooves 202 are arranged radially from bottom to top. After the horizontal roller 11 enters the inclined groove 202 from the vertical groove 201, the distance between adjacent horizontal rollers 11 increases, but the spacing between each horizontal roller 11 remains the same, thus enabling the sorting of waste particles of different sizes. One end of the convex strip 15 forms a notch, and a telescopic block 18 that mates with the notch is slidably installed along the axial direction of the end of the horizontal roller 11. Ball bearings are installed on the outer end face of the telescopic block 18, and an inclined plate 19 that fits against the ball bearings is fixedly installed outside the hopper 2. A guide groove 1801 is formed on the telescopic block 18, and a round pin 20 penetrating the guide groove 1801 is installed on the convex strip 15. During the upward movement of the horizontal roller 11, the telescopic block 18 rises synchronously. Guided by the inclined plate 19, the telescopic block 18 moves inward along the axial direction of the horizontal roller 11 and pushes the convex strip 15 radially outward along the horizontal roller 11 through its interaction with the round pin 20. Thus, as the distance between adjacent horizontal rollers 11 increases, the width of the convex strip 15 extending beyond the horizontal roller 11 also increases. At any height of the horizontal roller 11, the width of the convex strip 15 extending beyond the horizontal roller 11 is equal to the distance between adjacent horizontal rollers 11. That is, when each horizontal roller 11 sorts waste particles of different sizes, the convex strip 15 can horizontally convey waste particles above the horizontal roller 11 that do not meet the size requirements during its rotation.

[0040] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plastic sorting device for waste electronic products, comprising a housing (1), a hopper (2) installed on the top of the housing (1), a horizontal shaft (3) installed at the bottom outlet of the hopper (2), and a plurality of feeding plates (4) evenly installed along the circumference of the horizontal shaft (3), characterized in that, A pusher plate (5) is provided on the horizontal shaft (3) at the position between two adjacent feed plates (4). The pusher plate (5) is equipped with support feet (6) that slide radially with the horizontal shaft (3) at both ends. A telescopic rod (7) is installed on the horizontal shaft (3) at the position corresponding to each support foot (6) and slides radially. A trapezoidal plate (8) is installed on the horizontal shaft (3) at the position between the telescopic rod (7) and the support foot (6) and slides axially. The inner ends of the telescopic rod (7) and the support foot (6) are... The two sides of the trapezoidal plate (8) are respectively attached to each other; several parallel horizontal rollers (11) are installed in the hopper (2), and the spacing between each horizontal roller (11) is the same; an opening is formed on the front end face of the hopper (2) and an inclined guide plate (12) is installed at the opening; a vertical groove (201) is opened on the side wall of the hopper (2), and the ends of the horizontal rollers (11) are movably matched with the vertical grooves (201). The hopper (2) is slidably installed along the vertical direction with the rollers fitted on each side. A rectangular frame (13) is mounted on the end of each horizontal roller (11); a sealing plate (14) is mounted on the rectangular frame (13) for sealing the vertical groove (201); a raised strip (15) is mounted on the circumferential surface of the horizontal roller (11) along its axial direction; a sloping groove (202) communicating with the vertical groove (201) is opened on the side wall of the hopper (2) at the position corresponding to the top of each vertical groove (201), and each sloping groove (202) is arranged radially from bottom to top; the raised strip ( 15) It slides radially with the horizontal roller (11), and an elastic element connects the two; a notch is formed at one end of the convex strip (15), and a telescopic block (18) that matches the notch is slidably installed at the end of the horizontal roller (11) along its axial direction. An inclined plate (19) that fits against the outer end face of the telescopic block (18) is fixedly installed on the outside of the hopper (2); a guide groove (1801) is opened on the telescopic block (18), and a round pin (20) that passes through the guide groove (1801) is installed on the convex strip (15).

2. The waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An arc plate (9) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the box (1) at a position below the horizontal axis (3). The arc plate (9) is used to push the telescopic rod (7) toward the center of the horizontal axis (3).

3. The waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spring (10) is connected between the pusher plate (5) and the horizontal shaft (3).

4. The waste electronic product plastic sorting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal roller (11) is fixedly fitted with a transmission wheel (16) at its end, and each transmission wheel (16) is connected to the other via a transmission belt (17).

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