Aircraft spectral data dynamic acquisition method

Abstract

The invention relates to an aircraft spectral data dynamic acquisition method, which comprises the following steps of: designing working modes of a voltage modulation reconstruction type spectrograph, including a full-wave band spectral acquisition mode, a specific wave band spectral acquisition mode and a standby mode; determining use conditions; when the spectrograph works in a full-band spectrum acquisition mode, setting the voltage of the full-band spectrum as m1 groups of voltages, detecting an incident spectrum to obtain m1 groups of light intensity signals, and performing spectrum reconstruction calculation to obtain all spectrum information; when working in a specific wave band spectrum acquisition mode, setting the voltage of a specific wave band spectrum as m2 groups of voltages, m2 < = m1, detecting an incident spectrum to obtain m2 groups of light intensity signals, and performing spectrum reconstruction and calculation to obtain specific spectrum information; in a standby mode, a single voltage is set, an incident spectrum is detected to obtain a group of light intensity signals, and spectrum reconstruction is not carried out. According to the method, the problems of bandwidth occupation, storage pressure, energy consumption increase and the like caused by whole-process full-amount transmission are solved, and meanwhile, the differentiated requirements of different task stages for specific data are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of aircraft spectrum data dynamic acquisition method, belong to the spectrum data acquisition field on aircraft. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of aircraft spectral detection, the limitation of traditional spectrometer is becoming the key bottleneck restricting the improvement of task efficiency. This kind of equipment generally adopts the design scheme of fixed grating or static filter array, and the inherent characteristics of the hardware architecture make the system appear helpless when facing complex and changeable detection requirements. Taking satellite earth observation as an example, although the spectral characteristics of different regions are significantly different (such as water monitoring needs to focus on blue-green band, and vegetation analysis focuses on red edge characteristics), traditional spectrometer cannot dynamically adjust the working mode according to the observation object, and can only collect full-band data with fixed parameters. This "full-time full-spectrum" working mode causes serious resource allocation contradiction in aircraft application scenarios.

[0003] The resource constraint of aircraft platform makes this problem more prominent. In terms of communication, the downlink bandwidth of low-orbit satellite is usually not more than 300Mbps, while the raw rate of hyperspectral data is easily more than 1Gbps. The traditional scheme is forced to reduce the sampling rate or to use lossy compression, and both ways will affect the data quality. In terms of energy management, the test data of a certain type of earth observation satellite shows that the power consumption of the spectrometer when working continuously in full band accounts for 23% of the total system power consumption, and more than 40% of the energy consumption is used to collect and analyze non-key band data. More serious is the limitation of storage resources, and a certain high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle shortens the effective task time by 35% when performing an 8-hour reconnaissance task due to the storage of full-spectrum data. These problems are particularly prominent in military reconnaissance, disaster monitoring and other tasks with high timeliness requirements.

[0004] Existing solutions mainly start from the data processing end, such as improving compression algorithms or optimizing transmission protocols, but these methods essentially make up for the shortcomings at the hardware level. NASA's research report points out that simply relying on data compression can at most reduce 60% of the data volume, and will introduce additional computational delay. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a kind of aircraft spectrum data dynamic acquisition method, which solves the problems of bandwidth occupation, storage pressure and energy consumption increase caused by full-band full-volume transmission, and meets the differentiated needs of specific data in different task stages.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is:

[0007] A kind of aircraft spectrum data dynamic acquisition method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Design the working mode of the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer, including full-band spectrum acquisition mode, aircraft specific band spectrum acquisition mode, standby mode;

[0009] (2) Determine the use conditions of the three working modes according to the task requirements;

[0010] (3) When the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer works in the full-band spectrum acquisition mode, set the voltage of the full-band spectrum as m1 group of voltages, detect the incident spectrum to obtain m1 group of light intensity signals, and then obtain all the spectral information through spectral reconstruction calculation;

[0011] (4) When the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer works in the aircraft specific band spectrum acquisition mode, set the voltage of the aircraft specific band spectrum as m2 group of voltages, m2 is less than or equal to m1, detect the incident spectrum to obtain m2 group of light intensity signals, and then obtain specific spectral information through spectral reconstruction calculation;

[0012] (5) When the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer works in the standby mode, set a single voltage, i.e. 1 group of voltages, detect the incident spectrum to obtain 1 group of light intensity signals, and do not perform spectral reconstruction.

[0013] Further, when the spectrometer is in the full-band spectrum acquisition mode, the spectrum of the spectrum detection range greater than 300 nm bandwidth is collected.

[0014] Further, when the spectrometer is in the aircraft specific band spectrum acquisition mode, the spectrum of the spectrum detection range not greater than 50 nm bandwidth is collected.

[0015] Further, the standby mode refers to the state that the spectrometer is powered on and can detect optical signals, but does not perform spectral reconstruction calculation, and the data generation amount is small.

[0016] Further, the use conditions of the three working modes according to the task requirements are as follows:

[0017] When the aircraft is in the take-off stage and far away from the detection target or in the task end return stage, the standby mode is adopted to generate less data and not occupy the computing resources and storage resources on the aircraft;

[0018] When the aircraft approaches the detection target, the full-band spectrum detection mode is adopted to quickly identify the measured object through global large-scale spectrum detection, and to locate the spectral characteristics of the measured object in certain wave bands through analysis of the full spectrum;

[0019] When the aircraft further approaches the detection target, the specific band spectrum detection mode is adopted to concentrate the spectrum detection range corresponding to the set voltage in the specific band, so as to more accurately detect the measured target and have high spectrum detection resolution.

[0020] Further, all spectral information is obtained by spectral reconstruction, specifically, complete spectral information of incident light is demodulated by using a compressed sensing or neural network reconstruction algorithm.

[0021] Further, the voltage of the aircraft-specific waveband spectrum is set as m2 groups of voltages, specifically:

[0022] First, the mapping relationship between the voltage and the spectral characteristics of the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer material is determined.

[0023] A specific spectral detection range is determined.

[0024] The m2 groups of voltages are all set in the spectral detection range.

[0025] Secondly, the present application further provides a processor, which is used for running a program, wherein the program performs the method when running.

[0026] Thirdly, the present application further provides a non-volatile storage medium, which comprises a computer program product, wherein the computer program product performs the method when executed.

[0027] Fourthly, the present application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program, wherein the computer program performs the method when executed by a processor.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present application realizes dynamic acquisition of spectral data on an aircraft, and reduces the problems of bandwidth occupation, storage pressure and energy consumption increase caused by full-range full-quantity transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a detection flowchart of the task-oriented electric modulation reconstruction spectrometer.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a principle diagram of the task-oriented electric modulation reconstruction spectrometer detection. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0033] The present application provides a dynamic acquisition method of aircraft spectral data,

[0034] The core of the electrically modulated reconstruction spectrometer technology is to realize dynamic spectral measurement by regulating the optical properties of the filter array through voltage. The technology uses special electrically tunable filters (such as electrochromic filters), whose transmission spectrum will change significantly with the change of the applied voltage. When different voltages are applied, the center wavelength and bandwidth of the filter will produce regular shifts, for example, within a 0-5V voltage range, a continuous tuning of the center wavelength of 50-100nm can be achieved. Within a certain period of time, by accurately controlling the voltage combination of each filter unit, the system can selectively transmit light signals of specific wavebands at different times, and cooperate with the array detector to realize spectral reconstruction. Compared with traditional static filters, the electrically modulated reconstruction spectrometer can not only maintain the miniaturization feature, but also provide flexible spectral selection capability; it can not only perform full-spectrum scanning when needed, but also can only collect key waveband data for specific applications, greatly improving the detection efficiency and system resource utilization.

[0035] The aircraft spectral data dynamic acquisition method provided by the application is characterized in that the voltage-spectrum response characteristics of the electrically tunable filter array are used, different voltage combinations are controlled through time sequence instructions, and the spectral channel is flexibly configured to face different task requirements.

[0036] The principle of the reconstruction spectrometer is to use a filter array form, and convert the incident spectrum into the response value obtained after the action of different filters by using the following formula.

[0037]

[0038] Wherein, each row of the matrix T is a transmission spectrum function of a filter, the wavelength number is n, the total number of filters is m, the vector x is the incident spectrum, and each value of the vector I represents the light intensity response value obtained by each detector.

[0039] According to the matrix knowledge, under the premise that the filter transmission matrix is known, when the response value obtained by each filter is measured, the spectral information of the incident light can be inversely solved.

[0040] Voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer is full-band spectrum acquisition: the spectrum detection principle of the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer (such as black phosphorus spectrometer) is based on the dynamic regulation of the photoelectric response characteristics of black phosphorus by an external voltage: by applying different bias, the carrier concentration and band gap of black phosphorus will change accordingly, so that its transmittance shows a voltage-dependent adjustable wavelength, forming a unique set of spectral response basis functions. That is, the voltage U1 corresponds to the first row vector of the T matrix, and the voltage Um corresponds to the last row vector of the T matrix. Within a certain time, the complete T matrix can be obtained by changing the voltage. When a wide-spectrum light signal is incident, the detector obtains the corresponding photocurrent change by scanning the voltage sequence, and the light intensity response under different voltages can be recorded. Combined with the pre-calibrated black phosphorus voltage-wavelength response matrix, the complete spectrum information of the incident light is demodulated and reconstructed by using a reconstruction algorithm such as compressed sensing or neural network.

[0041] Selective band spectrum acquisition: by setting a specific range of voltage, the filter transmittance function of the spectrometer changes only in a certain band range (b, b << m), so that the corresponding detector signal of the target band can be specifically read, and the rest of the band data is directly discarded or down-sampled. For example, in the vegetation monitoring task, the switch can be fixed to two characteristic bands of 680±10nm (chlorophyll absorption peak) and 720±10nm (red edge position). Compared with the detection of full visible light band 400-750nm, the amount of spectrum data collected can be reduced by 80%. At the same time, due to the reduction of voltage variation requirements, the time resolution of detection can be increased, which is more conducive to the acquisition of high-quality data, such as Figure 2 .

[0042] Specifically applied to aircraft, some specific time actions can be combined with input voltage. In the standby mode without spectrum detection requirement, the input voltage remains unchanged, and finally only an intensity signal vector is output, without the requirement of spectrum reconstruction analysis. In standby mode, the amount of data generated is very small, and almost no data resources are occupied; when there is a specific spectrum detection requirement, the input voltage can be changed within a certain range (the filter transmittance function switching range is b, so that m2 intensity signal vectors can be obtained, and the spectrum data of the specific band can be reconstructed, the spectrum data amount is moderate, and the waste of data resources in unnecessary bands is avoided. When there is a full-spectrum detection requirement, the input voltage can be changed in the full range (m), so that the complete intensity signal vector can be obtained, and the full-band spectrum can be reconstructed. Based on the above, as shown in Figure 1 , the present application proposes a dynamic spectrum data acquisition method for aircraft, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) Design the working mode of the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer, including full-band spectrum acquisition mode, aircraft specific band spectrum acquisition mode, and standby mode;

[0044] The full-waveband spectrum acquisition mode refers to a spectrum detection range of greater than 300 nm bandwidth, such as a spectrum in a wide range of 350-1000 nm, 400-750 nm, 600-1000 nm, etc.

[0045] The aircraft-specific waveband spectrum acquisition mode refers to a spectrum detection range of not greater than 50 nm bandwidth, such as 510-550 nm, 570-620 nm, 630-640 nm.

[0046] The standby mode refers to a power-on state of the spectrometer, which can detect optical signals but does not perform spectrum reconstruction calculation, and generates a small amount of data.

[0047] (2) The use conditions of the three working modes are determined according to the task requirements, specifically:

[0048] When the aircraft is in the take-off stage and far away from the detection target or in the return stage after the task is completed, the standby mode is adopted, and a small amount of data is generated, which does not occupy the computing resources and storage resources on the aircraft.

[0049] When the aircraft approaches the detection target, the full-waveband spectrum detection mode is adopted, the measured object is quickly identified through global wide-range spectrum detection, and the spectrum characteristics of the measured object in certain wavebands are located through analysis of the full spectrum, which provides a basis for the selection of specific spectrum wavebands in the next step. When the full-waveband spectrum detection is performed, a large amount of computing resources and storage resources are occupied, and the spectrum data collected is relatively dispersed, and the spectrum resolution is low.

[0050] When the aircraft further approaches the detection target, the specific waveband spectrum detection mode is adopted, the spectrum detection range corresponding to the set voltage is concentrated in the specific waveband, the measured target is more accurately detected, the spectrum detection resolution is high, and the data analysis of the measured object in a specific waveband can be performed afterwards.

[0051] (3) When the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer works in the full-waveband spectrum acquisition mode, the voltage of the full-waveband spectrum is set as m1 groups of voltages, m1 groups of light intensity signals are obtained by detecting incident spectrum, and all spectrum information is obtained by spectrum reconstruction calculation;

[0052] (4) When the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer works in the aircraft-specific waveband spectrum acquisition mode, the voltage of the aircraft-specific waveband spectrum is set as m2 groups of voltages, m2 is less than or equal to m1, m2 groups of light intensity signals are obtained by detecting incident spectrum, and specific spectrum information is obtained by spectrum reconstruction calculation;

[0053] The voltage of the aircraft-specific waveband spectrum is set as m2 groups of voltages, specifically:

[0054] First, the mapping relationship between the voltage and the spectral characteristics of the voltage-modulated spectrometer material needs to be determined in advance (for example, V1 voltage corresponds to the spectral detection range q1, V2 voltage corresponds to the spectral detection range q2, and so on), for example, the specific detection spectral requirement is 400-450 nm, and then the voltage of the m2 group is set in the spectral detection range.

[0055] All the spectral information is obtained by spectral reconstruction, specifically: the complete spectral information of the incident light is demodulated by using a compressed sensing or neural network reconstruction algorithm.

[0056] (5) When the voltage-modulated reconstruction spectrometer works in the standby mode, a single voltage, i.e. 1 group of voltages, is set, 1 group of light intensity signals is obtained by detecting the incident spectrum, and spectral reconstruction is not performed.

[0057] The part of the application not described in detail is common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic acquisition of aircraft spectral data, characterized in that, include: The design includes the following operating modes for the voltage modulation reconstruction spectrometer: full-band spectrum acquisition mode, spacecraft-specific band spectrum acquisition mode, and standby mode. Determine the usage conditions for the three working modes based on task requirements; When the voltage-modulated reconstruction spectrometer is operating in full-band spectrum acquisition mode, the voltage of the full-band spectrum is set to the m1 group voltage. The incident spectrum is detected to obtain the m1 group light intensity signal, and then the full spectral information is obtained through spectral reconstruction calculation. When the voltage-modulated reconstruction spectrometer is operating in the spacecraft specific band spectrum acquisition mode, the voltage of the spacecraft specific band spectrum is set to the m2 group voltage, where m2 is less than or equal to m1. The incident spectrum is detected to obtain the m2 group light intensity signal, and then the specific spectral information is obtained through spectral reconstruction calculation. When the voltage-modulated reconstruction spectrometer is in standby mode, a single voltage is set, i.e., one voltage group, and the incident spectrum is detected to obtain one set of light intensity signals without performing spectral reconstruction.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: When the spectrometer is in full-band spectral acquisition mode, it acquires spectra with a spectral detection range of bandwidth greater than 300 nm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: When the spectrometer is in the spacecraft's specific band spectral acquisition mode, it acquires spectra within a spectral detection range with a bandwidth of no more than 50 nm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The standby mode refers to the state where the spectrometer is powered on and can detect light signals, but does not perform spectral reconstruction calculations, resulting in a small amount of data generation.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: The conditions for determining the use of the three working modes based on task requirements are as follows: During the takeoff phase of the aircraft, when it is far from the target, or during the return phase after the mission, it adopts a standby mode, which generates less data and does not occupy the computing and storage resources on the aircraft. When the aircraft approaches the target, it adopts a full-band spectral detection mode to quickly identify the object being measured through global, wide-range spectral detection; at the same time, it analyzes the full spectrum to locate the spectral characteristics of the object being measured in certain bands. As the aircraft gets closer to the target, it adopts a specific band spectral detection mode, which concentrates the spectral detection range corresponding to the set voltage in a specific band, so as to detect the target more accurately and achieve high spectral detection resolution.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: The complete spectral information is obtained by spectral reconstruction, specifically by using compressed sensing or neural network reconstruction algorithms to demodulate the complete spectral information of the incident light.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: The voltage used to set the specific band spectrum of the aircraft is a set of m2 voltages, specifically: First, clarify the mapping relationship between voltage and the spectral properties of materials in a voltage-modulated reconstructed spectrometer; Determine a specific detection spectral range; Set the voltage of group m2 within this spectral detection range.

8. A processor, comprising: The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when it runs.

9. A non-volatile storage medium, comprising: include: A computer program product that, when executed, performs the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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