Whole truck corrosion test method for pickup truck

Abstract

The invention discloses a whole vehicle corrosion test method for a pickup vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle durability tests. The method comprises three test steps which are executed in sequence: bucket special pretreatment, dynamic road comprehensive corrosion test and static environment acceleration strengthening test. The damage of the hopper is simulated through impact sinking and abrasive abrasion, road corrosion is simulated in combination with load driving and salt mist spraying, and environmental stress is simulated through salt mist-ultraviolet-high and low temperature circulation. In the test process, corrosion media such as seafood transportation, agricultural chemicals, diesel tail gas and the like with Picatart use scenes are synchronously introduced. The three steps form a complete test cycle, through multi-cycle repetition, the coupling effect of mechanical damage and a corrosive medium is simulated, the corrosion resistance of the pickup truck in an actual complex use environment is comprehensively evaluated, and the method has the advantages of being real in simulation, high in pertinence and accurate in evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive durability testing technology, and more particularly to a whole-vehicle corrosion testing method for pickup trucks. Background Technology

[0002] Pickup trucks, due to their dual function of carrying cargo and passengers, are widely used in various complex environments such as port transportation, agricultural production, and construction sites, often facing the dual challenges of mechanical damage and chemical corrosion. Existing whole-vehicle corrosion testing methods are mostly designed for passenger cars and fail to fully consider the unique usage scenarios of pickup trucks (such as cargo bed wear, chemical residues, and diesel exhaust corrosion), leading to significant discrepancies between test results and actual corrosion resistance. Traditional methods such as salt spray tests and road simulation tests often lack a systematic simulation of the multi-stress coupling effects of "mechanical-chemical-environment," failing to accurately reflect the corrosion behavior of pickup trucks under complex operating conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a whole-vehicle corrosion testing method that can comprehensively and realistically simulate the actual usage environment of pickup trucks to scientifically evaluate their durability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a whole-vehicle corrosion testing method for pickup trucks, so as to at least solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A whole-vehicle corrosion test method for pickup trucks, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1, Cargo Bed Pre-treatment: Perform impact dent simulation and abrasive wear simulation on the cargo bed of the pickup truck in sequence; Step S2, Dynamic Road Comprehensive Corrosion Test: Load the pre-treated pickup truck with 70% to 90% of its rated load, and then drive it dynamically on a test road that includes gravel road and kaolin dust road. During the driving process, periodically spray neutral salt spray or acidic salt solution onto the bottom of the vehicle and inside the cargo bed. Step S3, Static Environment Accelerated Enhancement Test: The vehicle that has completed the dynamic test is moved into the environmental chamber and subjected to the following enhancement cycle in sequence: First, a salt spray with a salt spray deposition rate of 1.0-2.0 ml / 80cm² / h is sprayed, while ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 340nm and an intensity of 0.5-1.0 W / m² is superimposed; then, the vehicle is placed in a low temperature environment of -20℃ to -15℃ for 1 hour, and then placed in a high temperature environment of 45℃ to 50℃ for 8 hours. During the dynamic road comprehensive corrosion test in step S2 and / or the static environment accelerated strengthening test in step S3, a corrosive medium for simulating the unique usage scenarios of pickup trucks is introduced simultaneously. Steps S1 to S3 constitute a complete test cycle. Multiple cycles are repeated to simulate the coupling effect of mechanical damage and corrosive media through the alternating action of mechanical stress in step S2 and chemical and environmental stress in step S3.

[0005] Furthermore, the impact dent simulation in step S1 specifically involves using a 5kg steel ball to perform free-fall impacts on the front, middle, and rear areas of the cargo hopper once each, from a height of 2 meters above the bottom plate of the hopper.

[0006] Furthermore, the abrasive wear simulation in step S1 specifically involves: evenly distributing 100 steel balls with a diameter of 3 cm inside the cargo hopper, allowing them to roll randomly during the dynamic travel in step S2, in order to simulate the abrasive wear effect of loose cargo on the inner wall of the cargo hopper.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific use case in step S4 includes a port seafood transportation scenario, which simulates the environment of seafood leakage by spraying a mixed solution with a pH of 3.5 and containing 3% sodium chloride by mass into the cargo container.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific use case in step S4 includes the agricultural chemical transportation scenario, which simulates the corrosion of fertilizer residues by quantitatively spraying 100 ml of hydrogen sulfide solution onto the front, middle and rear areas of the cargo hopper after every 10 test cycles.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific use case in step S4 includes a diesel exhaust gas impact scenario, which simulates the condensation corrosion of acidic components in diesel exhaust gas on the exhaust system by periodically spraying a 0.1% sulfuric acid solution onto the exhaust pipe and muffler outer surface of the vehicle.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S2, the vehicle load is 80% of the rated load, and the mass ratio of kaolin in the kaolin dust road is not less than 30%.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3, the salt spray deposition rate is controlled at 1.5 ml / 80cm² / h, and the ultraviolet radiation intensity is controlled at 0.8 W / m²@340nm.

[0012] Furthermore, the acidic salt solution sprayed onto the vehicle in step S2 is a mixed solution of acetic acid and sodium chloride with a pH of 3.5, used to simulate the combined corrosive environment of de-icing agent and acid rain.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Comprehensive simulation of real-world usage environment: Through a cyclical combination of dynamic road tests and static environmental tests, combined with multiple stresses of mechanical damage and chemical corrosion, the system simulates the corrosion process of pickup trucks in actual use.

[0014] 2. Highly targeted: Corrosive media specific to pickup truck use scenarios, such as seafood transportation, agricultural chemicals, and diesel exhaust, are introduced to improve the simulation accuracy of the test for specific use environments.

[0015] 3. Prominent coupling effect: Through the synergistic effect of multiple factors such as "impact-wear-load-salt spray-ultraviolet light-temperature cycle", the coupling effect between mechanical damage and corrosive media is enhanced, which more realistically reflects the corrosion evolution law.

[0016] 4. Scientifically controllable test parameters: Key parameters for each step, such as load ratio, salt spray deposition rate, ultraviolet intensity, and solution composition, have been quantitatively designed to ensure the repeatability of the test and the reliability of the results.

[0017] 5. Wide range of applications: Applicable to the corrosion resistance evaluation of various pickup truck models, providing a scientific basis for product development, material selection and anti-corrosion process optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a whole-vehicle corrosion test method for pickup trucks proposed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The listed embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides a whole-vehicle corrosion testing method for pickup trucks, the method comprising the following steps performed sequentially in a cyclical manner: Step S1, Cargo Bed Pre-treatment: Perform impact dent simulation and abrasive wear simulation on the cargo bed of the pickup truck in sequence; Step S2, Dynamic Road Comprehensive Corrosion Test: Load the pre-treated pickup truck with 70% to 90% of its rated load, and then drive it dynamically on a test road that includes gravel road and kaolin dust road. During the driving process, periodically spray neutral salt spray or acidic salt solution onto the bottom of the vehicle and inside the cargo bed. Step S3, Static Environment Accelerated Enhancement Test: The vehicle that has completed the dynamic test is moved into the environmental chamber and subjected to the following enhancement cycle in sequence: First, a salt spray with a salt spray deposition rate of 1.0-2.0 ml / 80cm² / h is sprayed, while ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 340nm and an intensity of 0.5-1.0 W / m² is superimposed; then, the vehicle is placed in a low temperature environment of -20℃ to -15℃ for 1 hour, and then placed in a high temperature environment of 45℃ to 50℃ for 8 hours. During the dynamic road comprehensive corrosion test in step S2 and / or the static environment accelerated strengthening test in step S3, a corrosive medium for simulating the unique usage scenarios of pickup trucks is introduced simultaneously. Steps S1 to S3 constitute a complete test cycle. Multiple cycles are repeated to simulate the coupling effect of mechanical damage and corrosive media through the alternating action of mechanical stress in step S2 and chemical and environmental stress in step S3.

[0022] For example, in step S1, a special pretreatment of the cargo bin is performed, which includes two sub-operations: first, impact dent simulation is performed on the cargo bin to simulate dent damage caused by loading and unloading of goods or external impact through a specific method; second, abrasive wear simulation is performed to simulate wear caused by friction of goods inside the cargo bin using a specific medium. After the special pretreatment of the cargo bin is completed, the dynamic road comprehensive corrosion test stage is entered. In this stage, the vehicle is required to be loaded at 70% to 90% of the rated load and drive on a composite road surface including gravel road and kaolin dust road. During the driving process, neutral salt spray or acidic salt solution needs to be periodically sprayed onto the bottom of the vehicle and inside the cargo bin to simulate the corrosive environment in actual road driving. Then, a static environment accelerated strengthening test is carried out. After the vehicle is moved into the environmental chamber, the following strengthening cycle needs to be completed in sequence: first, salt spray is sprayed, and the salt spray deposition rate is controlled at 1.0 to 2.0 ml per 80 square centimeters per hour, while superimposing a wavelength of 340 nanometers and an intensity of The vehicle is irradiated with 0.5 to 1.0 watts of ultraviolet light per square meter to simulate the accelerating effect of ultraviolet rays in sunlight on corrosion. Next, the vehicle is placed in a low-temperature environment for 1 hour, with a temperature range of -20°C to -15°C. Finally, the vehicle is placed in a high-temperature environment for 8 hours, with a temperature range of 45°C to 50°C. This temperature fluctuation simulates the environmental stress changes in actual use. During the dynamic road corrosion test and / or the static accelerated corrosion test, this technical solution simultaneously introduces corrosive media that simulate the specific usage scenarios of pickup trucks, such as specific chemical solutions or mixtures, to enhance the targeted simulation of actual usage scenarios. Steps S1 to S3 constitute a complete test cycle. By repeating multiple cycles, the alternating effects of mechanical stress in the dynamic test and chemical and environmental stress in the static test are utilized to simulate the coupling effect of mechanical damage and corrosive media, thereby more realistically evaluating the corrosion resistance of pickup trucks in actual use.

[0023] The impact dent simulation in step S1 is specifically as follows: using a steel ball with a mass of 5kg, the front, middle and rear areas of the cargo hopper are subjected to free fall impact once each from a height of 2 meters above the bottom plate of the cargo hopper.

[0024] For example, a 5 kg steel ball is used as the impact tool. Through free fall, it precisely impacts different areas of the cargo bed floor. During operation, the steel ball needs to fall freely from a fixed height of 2 meters above the cargo bed floor, impacting the front, middle and rear areas of the cargo bed once each. This design can specifically simulate the local denting and deformation damage that may occur in the cargo bed of a pickup truck when loading and unloading goods or encountering external impact. By performing an impact once in each of the three key areas, the test ensures that the typical locations where the cargo bed may be subjected to impact are covered, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the changes in the corrosion resistance of the cargo bed structure under mechanical stress, and providing more realistic initial damage conditions for simulating the corrosion-mechanical damage coupling effect in subsequent dynamic and static tests.

[0025] The abrasive wear simulation in step S1 specifically involves: evenly distributing 100 steel balls with a diameter of 3 cm inside the cargo hopper, and then randomly rolling them during the dynamic travel in step S2 to simulate the abrasive wear effect of loose cargo on the inner wall of the cargo hopper.

[0026] For example, 100 steel balls with a diameter of 3 cm are evenly distributed inside the cargo bed. During the subsequent dynamic road corrosion test, the random rolling of the steel balls inside the cargo bed simulates the abrasive wear effect of loose cargo on the inner wall of the cargo bed in actual use. This design can realistically reflect the surface damage caused by continuous friction on the inner wall of the cargo bed when a pickup truck is transporting sand, gravel, granular cargo, or cargo debris. Through the rolling wear of the steel balls, not only is the physical wear caused by cargo movement simulated, but a more easily penetrating micro-damage environment is also provided for corrosive media (such as salt spray and acidic solutions) during subsequent dynamic driving. This enhances the simulation effect of the "mechanical damage-corrosive media" coupling effect, providing initial damage conditions that are closer to actual use scenarios for the corrosion acceleration process in subsequent dynamic and static tests, ensuring that the test results can realistically reflect the changes in the corrosion resistance of the pickup truck cargo bed during actual transportation.

[0027] The specific use case in step S4 includes a port seafood transportation scenario, which simulates the environment of seafood leakage by spraying a mixed solution with a pH of 3.5 and containing 3% sodium chloride into the cargo container.

[0028] For example, a mixed solution with a specific ratio is sprayed into the cargo bed to simulate the environment of seafood leakage during actual transportation: the solution pH is controlled at 3.5 and contains 3% sodium chloride by mass to realistically reflect the acidic and salty corrosion characteristics common in seafood leakage. This design accurately captures the core corrosion characteristics of the port seafood transportation scenario, namely, that seafood residue is usually weakly acidic and rich in chloride ions, which easily accelerates corrosion on metal surfaces. By simultaneously introducing this solution during dynamic road comprehensive corrosion tests or static environment accelerated strengthening tests, the inner wall of the cargo bed and the bottom of the vehicle can be continuously exposed to the simulated seafood leakage corrosion environment. This works synergistically with the mechanical wear in step S2 and the salt spray-ultraviolet composite stress in step S3, more realistically simulating the multiple coupling effects of "mechanical damage-chemical corrosion-environmental stress". The introduction of this scenario not only improves the test's relevance to specific usage scenarios, but also further verifies the durability of pickup trucks in complex corrosive environments through the enhanced simulation of acidic and salty corrosion, providing a scientific basis for evaluating their corrosion resistance when actually transporting seafood.

[0029] The specific use case in step S4 includes the transportation of agricultural chemicals, which simulates the corrosion of fertilizer residues by spraying 100 ml of hydrogen sulfide solution onto the front, middle and rear areas of the cargo hopper in a quantitative manner after every 10 test cycles.

[0030] For example, after every 10 test cycles, 100 ml of hydrogen sulfide solution is sprayed quantitatively into the front, middle, and rear areas of the cargo bed to simulate the corrosive effect of fertilizer residues on the cargo bed during actual transportation. This design precisely corresponds to the core characteristics of agricultural chemical transportation scenarios, namely, that after use or leakage, fertilizers (such as ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, etc.) may decompose to produce hydrogen sulfide gas or residual sulfur compounds, which are prone to chemical reactions with metal surfaces in humid environments, forming corrosive products. Through periodic, quantitative, and area-specific spraying operations, it is ensured that different parts of the cargo bed are continuously exposed to the simulated corrosive environment of fertilizer residues. The setting of every 10 cycles takes into account the periodic characteristics of corrosion accumulation while avoiding the distortion of test conditions caused by over-spraying. This allows the test results to scientifically reflect the changes in the corrosion resistance of pickup trucks during long-term transportation of agricultural chemicals, providing a targeted basis for evaluating their durability in actual use.

[0031] The specific use case in step S4 includes the diesel exhaust gas impact scenario, which simulates the condensation corrosion of acidic components in diesel exhaust gas on the exhaust system by periodically spraying a 0.1% sulfuric acid solution onto the exhaust pipe and muffler outer surface of the vehicle.

[0032] For example, by periodically spraying a 0.1% sulfuric acid solution onto the outer surface of the vehicle's exhaust pipe and muffler, the condensation corrosion effect of acidic components in diesel exhaust on the exhaust system is simulated. This design accurately captures the key corrosion characteristics of diesel pickup trucks in actual operation: the exhaust gas produced by diesel combustion contains acidic substances such as sulfuric acid, which may condense on the surface of the exhaust system (especially the muffler and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe) due to temperature changes, forming a corrosive liquid. Over time, this can lead to corrosion damage to metal components. By setting up "periodic injection," the continuous emission of exhaust gas is simulated, and the continuous exposure of the corrosive medium to the exhaust system surface is ensured. The introduction of this scenario not only improves the relevance of the test to the actual use of diesel pickup trucks, but also further verifies the vehicle's durability under long-term diesel exhaust corrosion through enhanced simulation of acidic condensation corrosion, providing a scientific basis for evaluating the corrosion resistance of its exhaust system.

[0033] In step S2, the vehicle load is 80% of the rated load, and the mass ratio of kaolin in the kaolin dust road is not less than 30%.

[0034] For example, the vehicle load is set at 80% of the rated load. This setting closely resembles the common load conditions in actual pickup truck transportation (neither empty nor fully loaded, conforming to the typical load level of most usage scenarios), while ensuring that appropriate mechanical stress is generated during dynamic driving. This avoids insufficient wear due to excessively low load or aggravated mechanical damage due to excessively high load, thus achieving a reasonable balance between mechanical stress and corrosion effects. It is stipulated that the mass proportion of kaolin in the kaolin-dusted road should not be less than 30%. This proportion is based on the simulation of the actual road dust composition, i.e., kaolin, as a common clay mineral in nature, is used in roads in scenarios such as ports and construction sites. Dust constitutes a significant proportion of the vehicle's structure. Its hygroscopicity, chemical inertness, and adhesion to metal surfaces can effectively simulate the synergistic abrasive and corrosive effects of dust on the vehicle chassis and cargo bed during actual driving. By quantifying these two specific parameters, not only are the operational standards for dynamic testing refined, but the testing's targeted simulation of actual usage scenarios (such as cargo transportation and construction site driving) is also enhanced. This makes the mechanical stress and exposure to corrosive media closer to real working conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the assessment of the "mechanical damage-chemical corrosion" coupling effect in subsequent static tests. Ultimately, this ensures that the test results can scientifically reflect the evolution of the corrosion resistance performance of pickup trucks under typical loads and road conditions.

[0035] In step S3, the salt spray deposition rate is controlled at 1.5 ml / 80cm² / h, and the ultraviolet radiation intensity is controlled at 0.8 W / m²@340nm.

[0036] For example, the salt spray deposition rate was strictly controlled at 1.5 ml per 80 cm² per hour. This value ensured a suitable intensity of salt spray corrosion, effectively simulating the chemical corrosion caused by salt deposition in real-world environments, while avoiding potential distortion of experimental conditions or excessive localized corrosion due to excessively high deposition rates. Simultaneously, ultraviolet irradiation with a wavelength of 340 nm was precisely set at an intensity of 0.8 W per square meter. This wavelength and intensity combination accurately corresponds to the key characteristics of the UVA band in natural sunlight, effectively simulating the photochemically accelerated corrosion effect of ultraviolet radiation on metal surfaces. Especially in combined environments such as salt spray, high temperature, and high humidity, ultraviolet radiation can significantly accelerate corrosion. The precise quantification of the parameters for the formation and diffusion of corrosion products not only refines the operational standards of static testing but also enhances the simulation capability of the multiple coupled effects of "chemical corrosion-photochemical corrosion-environmental stress" through the synergistic effect of salt spray and ultraviolet light. For example, a salt spray deposition rate of 1.5 ml per 80 cm² per hour ensures a continuous and uniform salt spray layer on the vehicle surface, while an ultraviolet light intensity of 0.8 watts per square meter simulates the accelerated photocorrosion effect under typical sunlight conditions. The combination of the two can more realistically reflect the accelerated corrosion phenomenon caused by the combined effect of salt spray deposition and ultraviolet irradiation in actual scenarios such as open-air parking and long-distance transportation of pickup trucks. This precise setting of parameters enables a tighter stress coupling between the static test in step S3 and the dynamic test in step S2, ultimately ensuring that the entire test cycle can scientifically and accurately evaluate the evolution of the corrosion resistance of pickup trucks under the multiple effects of "mechanical damage-chemical corrosion-environmental stress," providing a more reliable test basis for product development and durability verification.

[0037] The acidic salt solution sprayed onto the vehicle in step S2 is a mixture of acetic acid and sodium chloride with a pH of 3.5, used to simulate the combined corrosive environment of de-icing agent and acid rain.

[0038] For example, a precise ratio is used to realistically simulate the combined corrosion environment of "snow-melting agent-acid rain". The acidic salt solution used in this step is a mixture of acetic acid and sodium chloride at pH 3.5. The acetic acid component mainly simulates the weakly acidic characteristics of acid rain in the natural environment. Acid rain is often weakly acidic because it contains acidic substances such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the pH setting of 3.5 is close to the acidity range of typical acid rain. Sodium chloride directly corresponds to the core component of road de-icing and snow-melting agents. In winter or humid environments, the salt residue of snow-melting agents will form a conductive layer on the vehicle surface, aggravating electrochemical corrosion. This composite solution, through the synergistic effect of "acid-salt", can more realistically reflect the dual challenges of "chemical acid corrosion + salt corrosion" that vehicles simultaneously suffer from during actual road driving. For example, in the scenario of winter road de-icing, the salt residue of snow-melting agents and acid rain residue may simultaneously adhere to the bottom of the vehicle and the cargo bed, forming a more corrosive composite environment and accelerating the corrosion process of metal parts. During dynamic driving, periodic spraying of this solution ensures continuous exposure of the vehicle to a simulated complex corrosive environment. This, combined with the mechanical wear of gravel roads and the abrasive effect of kaolin dust, creates a "mechanical damage-chemical corrosion" coupling effect, making the test more closely resemble the actual corrosion conditions of pickup trucks in areas with frequent use of de-icing agents and frequent acid rain (such as northern winter cities and coastal industrial areas). This precise setting of composition and pH value not only enhances the dynamic test's ability to simulate specific corrosion scenarios but also, through the intensification of acid-salt composite corrosion, more scientifically assesses the evolution of the vehicle's corrosion resistance under multiple environmental stresses, providing crucial experimental evidence for optimizing the anti-corrosion design and material selection of pickup trucks.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A whole-vehicle corrosion test method for pickup trucks, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step S1, Cargo Bed Pre-treatment: Perform impact dent simulation and abrasive wear simulation on the cargo bed of the pickup truck in sequence; Step S2, Dynamic Road Comprehensive Corrosion Test: Load the pre-treated pickup truck with 70% to 90% of its rated load, and then drive it dynamically on a test road that includes gravel road and kaolin dust road. During the driving process, periodically spray neutral salt spray or acidic salt solution onto the bottom of the vehicle and inside the cargo bed. Step S3, Static Environment Accelerated Enhancement Test: The vehicle that has completed the dynamic test is moved into the environmental chamber and subjected to the following enhancement cycle in sequence: First, a salt spray with a salt spray deposition rate of 1.0-2.0 ml / 80cm² / h is sprayed, while ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 340nm and an intensity of 0.5-1.0 W / m² is superimposed; then, the vehicle is placed in a low temperature environment of -20℃ to -15℃ for 1 hour, and then placed in a high temperature environment of 45℃ to 50℃ for 8 hours. During the dynamic road comprehensive corrosion test in step S2 and / or the static environment accelerated strengthening test in step S3, a corrosive medium for simulating the unique usage scenarios of pickup trucks is introduced simultaneously. Steps S1 to S3 constitute a complete test cycle. Multiple cycles are repeated to simulate the coupling effect of mechanical damage and corrosive media through the alternating action of mechanical stress in step S2 and chemical and environmental stress in step S3.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact dent simulation in step S1 is specifically as follows: using a steel ball with a mass of 5kg, the front, middle and rear areas of the cargo hopper are subjected to free fall impact once each from a height of 2 meters above the bottom plate of the cargo hopper.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abrasive wear simulation in step S1 specifically involves: evenly distributing 100 steel balls with a diameter of 3 cm inside the cargo hopper, and then randomly rolling them during the dynamic travel in step S2 to simulate the abrasive wear effect of loose cargo on the inner wall of the cargo hopper.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific use case in step S4 includes a port seafood transportation scenario, which simulates the environment of seafood leakage by spraying a mixed solution with a pH of 3.5 and containing 3% sodium chloride into the cargo container.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific use case in step S4 includes the transportation of agricultural chemicals, which simulates the corrosion of fertilizer residues by spraying 100 ml of hydrogen sulfide solution onto the front, middle and rear areas of the cargo hopper in a quantitative manner after every 10 test cycles.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific use case in step S4 includes the diesel exhaust gas impact scenario, which simulates the condensation corrosion of acidic components in diesel exhaust gas on the exhaust system by periodically spraying a 0.1% sulfuric acid solution onto the exhaust pipe and muffler outer surface of the vehicle.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the vehicle load is 80% of the rated load, and the mass ratio of kaolin in the kaolin dust road is not less than 30%.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the salt spray deposition rate is controlled at 1.5 ml / 80 cm² / h, and the ultraviolet radiation intensity is controlled at 0.8 W / m²@340 nm.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acidic salt solution sprayed onto the vehicle in step S2 is a mixture of acetic acid and sodium chloride with a pH of 3.5, used to simulate the combined corrosive environment of de-icing agent and acid rain.

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