Noninvasive monitoring method for abdominal pressure of alcoholic liver ascites patient
By acquiring the patient's historical medical information and basic information, calculating bladder tolerance, determining the actual injection dose and rate, and heating the saline solution, the problem of low monitoring accuracy in existing technologies is solved, achieving more accurate intra-abdominal pressure monitoring.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511705478.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing non-invasive methods for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites do not take into account the injection dosage, injection speed, and injection temperature of sterile saline, resulting in low monitoring accuracy.
By obtaining the patient's historical medical information, assessing bladder tolerance, calculating the comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value, and combining the patient's basic information, determine the actual injection dose and rate. The saline solution is heated, and intra-abdominal pressure is monitored using a three-way stopcock and pressure sensor.
This improved the accuracy of non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites, reduced the risk of bladder spasm, and ensured the reliability of monitoring results.
Smart Images
Figure CN121400801A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-invasive monitoring technology of intra-abdominal pressure, and in particular to a non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, hepatic ascites, also known as cirrhotic ascites, refers to the fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity caused by liver dysfunction and portal hypertension in cirrhosis, and is one of the most common complications of cirrhosis. In the natural course of chronic liver disease, the appearance of ascites is an important marker of the progression of cirrhosis to the decompensated stage of liver function. Alcoholic ascites specifically refers to the fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity caused by alcoholic cirrhosis (usually in its late stage). Non-invasive intra-abdominal pressure monitoring refers to a method of measuring intra-abdominal pressure without the need for puncture needles or surgery and without damaging the integrity of the skin. Non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites provides a direct understanding of their condition; therefore, it is crucial for patients with alcoholic ascites.
[0003] Current non-invasive methods for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites typically refer to cystometry. The bladder is a hollow organ with elastic walls. When a small amount of fluid is injected into the bladder, it acts like a passive, thin sac, and its internal pressure balances with the intra-abdominal pressure. Therefore, measuring bladder pressure is an indirect way of measuring intra-abdominal pressure. Specifically, cystometry involves the patient lying supine, emptying their bladder, inserting a catheter through the urethra, connecting it to a pressure measuring device, and injecting a certain amount of sterile saline into the bladder. The pressure is zeroed using the iliac crest and mid-axillary line as a reference, and the value is recorded at the end of expiration. This value is the intra-abdominal pressure. However, current non-invasive monitoring methods for intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites do not consider the injection dosage, injection rate, and injection temperature of the sterile saline. This leads to inconsistent intra-abdominal pressure values obtained when using cystometry for uniform monitoring, resulting in low accuracy and room for improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To improve the accuracy of non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites, this invention provides a method for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites.
[0005] This invention provides a non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites, employing the following technical solution:
[0006] A non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites includes the following steps:
[0007] Step S1: Obtain the first signal, prepare the equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in the alcoholic ascites to be tested, and obtain the second signal. The equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested include sterile saline, syringe, pressure sensor and three-way tube. After receiving the first signal and the second signal, zeroing and positioning are performed. After completion, the preliminary preparation is completed signal is output.
[0008] Step S2: Obtain and determine the impact of historical disease on the bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites based on their historical disease information, obtain the comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value, obtain the initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites, and obtain the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites based on the initial bladder tolerance and the comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value.
[0009] Step S3: Based on the basic information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, infer the theoretical injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. Based on the theoretical injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested and the bladder tolerance retention rate, obtain the actual injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
[0010] Step S4: Based on the basic information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested and the bladder tolerance retention rate, obtain the actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
[0011] Step S5: Heat the sterile saline solution that needs to be injected when monitoring the intra-abdominal pressure of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites, and output a heating completion signal after completion.
[0012] Step S6: After receiving the heating completion signal, based on the actual injection dose and actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, monitor the intra-abdominal pressure of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to obtain the intra-abdominal pressure value of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
[0013] Preferably, the patient's position is adjusted until the patient is in a preset standard position, and then the first patient is ready to complete the test.
[0014] The system detects whether a urinary catheter is already in place in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. If a urinary catheter is already in place, a signal indicating that the second patient is ready to complete is output.
[0015] When the first patient is ready signal is received and the second patient is ready signal is received, a patient ready signal is output, where the patient ready signal is the first signal.
[0016] Prepare the necessary equipment and materials for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested, and output a ready signal after preparation is completed; the ready signal is the second signal, and the equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested include sterile saline, syringe, pressure sensor and three-way tube.
[0017] Upon receiving the patient ready signal and the equipment material ready signal, a positioning zeroing start signal is output.
[0018] Upon receiving the positioning and zeroing start signal, the intersection of the midaxillary line and the iliac crest of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is marked as the characteristic intersection point. The zero point of the pressure sensor is set at the characteristic intersection point, and the positioning completion signal is output.
[0019] The pressure sensor is connected to the monitor via a signal connection. The pressure sensor is connected to the atmosphere, and the preset zeroing button on the monitor is pressed. After completion, a zeroing completion signal is output.
[0020] Upon receiving the positioning completion signal and the zeroing completion signal, output the preliminary preparation completion signal.
[0021] Preferably, the patient's historical medical history is obtained, including information on the type of historical disease, the severity of each type of historical disease, and the treatment methods used during each episode.
[0022] Based on the historical disease type information of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, it is determined whether the physical condition of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested is affected. The average of the disease severity information of the historical disease types that have an impact is calculated to obtain the average information of the historical disease severity.
[0023] Based on the historical disease severity mean, the influence of historical disease on the physical condition of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is determined, and then the influence on the bladder tolerance of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is obtained as the first type of bladder tolerance influence value.
[0024] Based on historical disease type information and treatment information for each disease, it is determined whether a urinary catheter was used for a long time during the treatment of the patient's historical disease. If a urinary catheter was used for a long time, the duration of the urinary catheterization in the patient's alcoholic ascites is recorded. Based on the duration of the urinary catheterization in the patient's alcoholic ascites, the impact of historical disease treatment on the bladder tolerance of the patient's alcoholic ascites is determined, and the second type of bladder tolerance impact value is obtained.
[0025] Based on historical disease type information and treatment information for each disease, it is determined whether the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test has a history of cystectomy. If there is a history of cystectomy, the proportion of cystectomy in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is obtained. Based on the proportion of cystectomy in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test, the impact of cystectomy on the bladder tolerance of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is determined to obtain the third type of bladder tolerance impact value.
[0026] Preferably, the sum of the first type of bladder tolerance influence value, the second type of bladder tolerance influence value, and the third type of bladder tolerance influence value is calculated to obtain the comprehensive bladder tolerance influence value;
[0027] The initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested is obtained and the initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested is cached.
[0028] The actual bladder tolerance is obtained by calculating the difference between the initial bladder tolerance and the comprehensive bladder tolerance influence value of the patient with alcoholic ascites.
[0029] The bladder tolerance retention rate of patients with alcoholic liver ascites was obtained by calculating the ratio between the actual bladder tolerance and the initial bladder tolerance of the patients to be tested.
[0030] Preferably, the basic information of the patient to be tested for alcoholic liver ascites is obtained, including age and weight information.
[0031] Based on the age information of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested are classified as either adult patients or child patients.
[0032] Obtain a standard injection dose database, which includes the standard injection doses for alcoholic liver ascites patients of different ages and weights when using cystometry for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure.
[0033] The age and weight information of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested are compared with the standard injection dose database to obtain the theoretical injection dose for the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
[0034] The theoretical injection dose for patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested is multiplied by the bladder tolerance retention rate of these patients to obtain the injection dose for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure using the bladder manometry method, which is the actual injection dose for these patients.
[0035] Preferably, a standard injection speed database is obtained, which includes a theoretical injection speed database for adults and a sub-database of theoretical injection speeds for children, wherein the sub-database of theoretical injection speeds for children includes theoretical injection speeds for children of different weights.
[0036] When the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is an adult patient, the first type of injection speed is calculated by multiplying the theoretical adult injection speed with the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0037] When the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is a child, the age information of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is compared with the theoretical injection speed sub-database for children to obtain the characteristic theoretical injection speed for children of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0038] The second type of injection speed is calculated by multiplying the theoretical injection speed of characteristic children with the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested;
[0039] The first type of injection speed is combined with the second type of injection speed to form the actual injection speed for the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0040] Preferably, the sterile saline solution to be injected is heated using a constant temperature water bath to monitor the intra-abdominal pressure of patients with alcoholic liver ascites by bladder manometry.
[0041] Once the temperature of the sterile saline solution reaches the preset target injection temperature, a heating completion signal is output.
[0042] Preferably, upon receiving the heating completion signal, sterile saline is injected into the syringe based on the actual injection volume of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0043] Close the indwelling urinary catheter in the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested, establish a sterile connection point at the proximal end of the urinary catheter drainage bag interface, install the three-way tube at the sterile connection point, connect the first end of the three-way tube to the urinary catheter, connect the second end of the three-way tube to the drainage bag, and connect the third end of the three-way tube to the syringe filled with sterile saline, and connect the syringe to the pressure sensor.
[0044] According to the actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, the syringe is used to inject the actual injection volume of sterile saline into the bladder of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested through the three-way tube.
[0045] After waiting for the set time, when the patient with alcoholic ascites is in a calm state at the end of expiration, the value displayed on the monitor is read to obtain the intra-abdominal pressure value of the patient with alcoholic ascites.
[0046] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0047] 1. After preparing the patient and equipment materials, zeroing and positioning are performed to provide a foundation for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites. The patient's history of alcoholic liver ascites is assessed to determine its impact on bladder tolerance, resulting in a comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value. Combined with the patient's initial bladder tolerance, the bladder tolerance retention rate is obtained. Analyzing this bladder tolerance retention rate provides data support for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites. Based on the patient's basic information and bladder tolerance retention rate, the actual injection dose and injection rate are determined. The sterile saline solution required for monitoring is heated to avoid bladder spasm. The intra-abdominal pressure value is then obtained using bladder manometry, improving the accuracy of non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites.
[0048] 2. Heating the sterile saline solution injected during cystometry to monitor intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites reduces the risk of intra-abdominal pressure monitoring in these patients and further improves the accuracy of non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure. Attached Figure Description
[0049] Figure 1 This embodiment is a flowchart illustrating a non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites. Detailed Implementation
[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0051] This invention discloses a non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites.
[0052] A non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites includes the following steps:
[0053] Reference Figure 1 Step S1 involves acquiring a first signal, preparing the necessary equipment and materials for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in the alcoholic ascites to be tested, and acquiring a second signal. The equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in the patient with alcoholic ascites include sterile saline solution, a syringe, a pressure sensor, and a three-way stopcock. After receiving both the first and second signals, zeroing and positioning are performed, and a pre-preparation completion signal is output. Step S1 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0054] Step S11: Adjust the patient's position until they are in a preset standard position, then output a signal indicating that the first patient is ready to proceed. It should be noted that the preset standard position in this embodiment refers to a completely supine position, i.e., a supine position. In practical applications, any posture such as head elevation, knee flexion, or lateral decubitus will alter the intra-abdominal pressure distribution, resulting in a measurement value significantly higher than the actual pressure.
[0055] Step S12: Detect whether a urinary catheter has been placed in the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested. If a urinary catheter has been placed, output a signal indicating that the second patient is ready to complete the test.
[0056] Step S13: After receiving the first patient readiness completion signal and the second patient readiness completion signal, output the patient ready signal. The patient ready signal is the first signal.
[0057] Step S14: Prepare the equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites. Once preparation is complete, output a "equipment and materials ready" signal. The equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites include sterile saline solution, a syringe, a pressure sensor, and a three-way stopcock.
[0058] Step S15: After receiving the patient ready signal and the equipment material ready signal, output the positioning zeroing start signal.
[0059] Step S16: Upon receiving the positioning and zeroing start signal, the intersection of the midaxillary line and the iliac crest of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is marked as the characteristic intersection point. After the zero point of the pressure sensor is aligned with the characteristic intersection point, a positioning completion signal is output. It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the intersection of the midaxillary line and the iliac crest, i.e., the characteristic intersection point, is generally recognized as representing the midline position of the abdominal cavity.
[0060] Step S17: Connect the pressure sensor to the monitor by connecting the pressure sensor to the atmosphere and pressing the preset zeroing button on the monitor. After completion, output a zeroing completion signal.
[0061] Step S18: After receiving the positioning completion signal and the zeroing completion signal, output the preliminary preparation completion signal.
[0062] Reference Figure 1Step S2 involves obtaining the patient's historical medical information for alcoholic liver ascites, assessing the impact of historical medical history on the patient's bladder tolerance based on this information, obtaining a comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value, acquiring the patient's initial bladder tolerance, and calculating the bladder tolerance retention rate based on the initial bladder tolerance and the comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value. Step S2 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0063] Step SA1: Obtain the patient's historical medical information for alcoholic liver ascites. This information includes the type of historical disease, the severity of each disease type, and the treatment methods used during each episode.
[0064] Step SA2: Based on the patient's history of alcoholic liver ascites, determine whether the patient's physical condition is affected.
[0065] In practical applications, for example, illnesses like the common cold in the historical illness type information do not affect the physical condition of the patient being tested for alcoholic liver ascites; however, illnesses such as abdominal surgery in the historical illness type information do affect the physical condition of the patient being tested for alcoholic liver ascites. The mean of the severity of the affected historical illness types is calculated to obtain the mean historical illness severity information.
[0066] Step SA3 involves assessing the impact of historical disease severity on the physical condition of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites, and subsequently determining its influence on bladder tolerance, thus obtaining the Type I bladder tolerance influence value. A higher historical disease severity result in a larger Type I bladder tolerance influence value.
[0067] Step SA4 involves determining, based on historical disease type information and treatment methods used during each illness, whether the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under testing had a long-term indwelling urinary catheter during their historical disease treatment. If so, the duration of catheterization is recorded. The impact of historical disease treatment on the patient's bladder tolerance is then assessed based on this duration, yielding a Type II bladder tolerance impact value. A longer indwelling catheterization duration results in a larger Type II bladder tolerance impact value. In practice, patients with long-term indwelling catheters experience repeated bladder stimulation, increasing susceptibility to infection and leading to poor bladder wall elasticity and small bladder capacity.
[0068] Step SA5: Based on historical disease type information and treatment information for each illness, determine whether the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under testing has a history of cystectomy. If a history of cystectomy exists, obtain the cystectomy ratio for the patient. Based on the cystectomy ratio, determine the impact of cystectomy on the patient's bladder tolerance, obtaining the third-order bladder tolerance impact value. A higher cystectomy ratio results in a higher third-order bladder tolerance impact value.
[0069] Step S2 also includes the following sub-steps:
[0070] Step SB1: Calculate the sum of the first type of bladder tolerance influence value, the second type of bladder tolerance influence value, and the third type of bladder tolerance influence value to obtain the comprehensive bladder tolerance influence value.
[0071] Step SB2 involves obtaining the initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested and caching this initial bladder tolerance. Specifically, an initial bladder tolerance data table is obtained, which includes initial bladder tolerance values for children and adults. The age information of the patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested is also obtained, and the age information is compared with the initial bladder tolerance data table to obtain the initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0072] Step SB3: Calculate the difference between the initial bladder tolerance capacity and the comprehensive bladder tolerance influence value of the patient with alcoholic ascites to obtain the actual bladder tolerance capacity.
[0073] Step SB4: Calculate the ratio between the actual bladder tolerance and the initial bladder tolerance of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to obtain the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites.
[0074] Reference Figure 1 Step S3 involves estimating the theoretical injection dose for the patient with alcoholic ascites based on their basic information, and then determining the actual injection dose based on the theoretical injection dose and bladder tolerance retention rate. Step S3 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0075] Step S31: Obtain the basic information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. The basic information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested includes age and weight information.
[0076] Step S32: Based on the age information of the patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested, classify them into adult patients or pediatric patients. It should be noted that the adult patient type refers to patients with alcoholic ascites aged fourteen years and older, while the pediatric patient type refers to patients with alcoholic ascites under the age of fourteen.
[0077] Step S33: Obtain the standard injection dose database, which includes the standard injection dose for alcoholic liver ascites patients of different ages and weights when using cystometry for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure.
[0078] It should be noted that the standard injection dose for adult patients is 25 ml. In practice, numerous clinical studies have confirmed that for the vast majority of adults, 25 ml of normal saline is sufficient to overcome the initial tension of the bladder wall, forming an effective fluid cavity for accurate pressure measurement, while being significantly lower than the adult bladder contraction threshold, thus minimizing the risk of stimulating bladder contraction. The standard injection dose for pediatric patients needs to be adjusted according to weight, usually 1 ml / kg of body weight, with the maximum standard injection dose for pediatric patients not exceeding 25 ml. In practice, children's bladder capacity is much smaller than that of adults, and a smaller dose must be used to avoid overdistension.
[0079] Step S34: The age and weight information of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested are compared with the standard injection dose database to obtain the theoretical injection dose for the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0080] Step S35: Multiply the theoretical injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested by the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to obtain the injection dose when using the bladder manometry method for non-invasive monitoring of abdominal pressure in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, which is the actual injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
[0081] Reference Figure 1 Step S4 involves determining the actual injection rate for the patient with alcoholic liver ascites based on their basic information and bladder tolerance retention rate. Step S4 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0082] Step S41: Obtain the standard injection rate database. The standard injection rate database includes a theoretical injection rate for adults and a sub-database of theoretical injection rates for children. The sub-database of theoretical injection rates for children includes theoretical injection rates for children of different weights. It should be noted that the theoretical injection rate for adults is 25 ml / min, and the theoretical injection rate for children is within the range of (0, 8 ml / min). The theoretical injection rate for children is related to the weight of the child patient; the greater the weight of the child patient, the higher the theoretical injection rate for the child, with a maximum of 8 ml / min.
[0083] Step S42: When the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is an adult patient, the first type of injection speed is calculated by multiplying the theoretical injection speed for adults with the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0084] Step S43: When the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is a child, the age information of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is compared with the theoretical injection rate sub-database for children to obtain the characteristic theoretical injection rate for children of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0085] Step S44: The second type of injection speed is calculated by multiplying the theoretical injection speed of the characteristic children with the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
[0086] Step S45: The first type of injection speed and the second type of injection speed are combined to form the actual injection speed for the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested. Specifically, when the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is an adult, the actual injection speed is the first type of injection speed; when the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is a child, the actual injection speed is the second type of injection speed.
[0087] Reference Figure 1 Step S5 involves heating the sterile saline solution injected during cystometry to monitor intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites, and then outputting a heating completion signal. Step S5 specifically includes:
[0088] Step S51: Heat the sterile saline solution to be injected when monitoring the intra-abdominal pressure of the patient with alcoholic ascites using the bladder manometry method in a constant temperature water bath.
[0089] Step S52: Once the temperature of the sterile saline solution reaches the preset target injection temperature, a heating completion signal is output. It should be noted that the preset target injection temperature in this embodiment of the invention is 37°C.
[0090] In practical applications, the bladder, as an internal organ, has a core temperature of approximately 37°C. Directly injecting low-temperature sterile saline solution into the bladder of a patient with alcoholic ascites will induce bladder contraction, leading to bladder spasm. Therefore, heating is necessary to bring the sterile saline solution closer to the patient's body temperature, eliminating the cold stimulation that could induce bladder spasm. Bladder spasm and contraction can instantly generate a very high false pressure peak, rendering the data from bladder manometry measurements of abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites invalid. This invention reduces the risk of monitoring abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites by heating the sterile saline solution injected during bladder manometry, thus improving the accuracy of non-invasive monitoring of abdominal pressure in these patients.
[0091] Reference Figure 1 Step S6: Upon receiving the heating completion signal, based on the actual injection dose and injection rate of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites, the intra-abdominal pressure of the patient is monitored using cystometry to obtain the intra-abdominal pressure value. Step S6 specifically includes the following sub-steps:
[0092] Step S61: After receiving the heating completion signal, sterile saline is injected into the syringe based on the actual injection dose of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
[0093] Step S62: Close the indwelling urinary catheter in the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested. Establish a sterile connection point at the proximal end of the urinary catheter drainage bag interface, i.e., the end closest to the patient. Install a three-way valve at the sterile connection point. The first end of the three-way valve is connected to the urinary catheter, the second end of the three-way valve is connected to the drainage bag, and the third end of the three-way valve is connected to a syringe filled with sterile saline. Connect the syringe to the pressure sensor.
[0094] Step S63: Based on the actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested, inject sterile saline into the bladder of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested through a three-way stopcock using a syringe.
[0095] Step S64: After waiting for the set time, read the value displayed on the monitor when the patient with alcoholic ascites is in a quiet end-expiratory state to obtain the intra-abdominal pressure value. It should be noted that the set time is 30-60 seconds. Waiting for this time allows the bladder muscles to fully relax, ensuring a proper balance between bladder and intra-abdominal pressure. Reading the value at the end-expiratory state of the patient avoids the respiratory movements of the patient affecting the intra-abdominal pressure monitoring results.
[0096] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the first signal, prepare the equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in the alcoholic ascites to be tested, and obtain the second signal. The equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested include sterile saline, syringe, pressure sensor and three-way tube. After receiving the first signal and the second signal, zeroing and positioning are performed. After completion, the preliminary preparation is completed signal is output. Step S2: Obtain and determine the impact of historical disease on the bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites based on their historical disease information, obtain the comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value, obtain the initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites, and obtain the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites based on the initial bladder tolerance and the comprehensive bladder tolerance impact value. Step S3: Based on the basic information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, infer the theoretical injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. Based on the theoretical injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested and the bladder tolerance retention rate, obtain the actual injection dose of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. Step S4: Based on the basic information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested and the bladder tolerance retention rate, obtain the actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. Step S5: Heat the sterile saline solution that needs to be injected when monitoring the intra-abdominal pressure of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites, and output a heating completion signal after completion. Step S6: After receiving the heating completion signal, based on the actual injection dose and actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, monitor the intra-abdominal pressure of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to obtain the intra-abdominal pressure value of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested.
2. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: Adjust the position of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested until the patient is in the preset standard position, and then output the first patient ready to complete signal. The system detects whether a urinary catheter is already in place in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. If a urinary catheter is already in place, a signal indicating that the second patient is ready to complete is output. When the first patient is ready signal is received and the second patient is ready signal is received, a patient ready signal is output, where the patient ready signal is the first signal. Prepare the necessary equipment and materials for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested, and output a ready signal after preparation is completed; the ready signal is the second signal, and the equipment and materials required for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested include sterile saline, syringe, pressure sensor and three-way tube. Upon receiving the patient ready signal and the equipment material ready signal, a positioning zeroing start signal is output. Upon receiving the positioning and zeroing start signal, the intersection of the midaxillary line and the iliac crest of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is marked as the characteristic intersection point. The zero point of the pressure sensor is set at the characteristic intersection point, and the positioning completion signal is output. The pressure sensor is connected to the monitor via a signal connection. The pressure sensor is connected to the atmosphere, and the preset zeroing button on the monitor is pressed. After completion, a zeroing completion signal is output. Upon receiving the positioning completion signal and the zeroing completion signal, output the preliminary preparation completion signal.
3. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Obtain the historical medical information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. The historical medical information of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested includes information on the type of historical disease, the severity of each type of historical disease, and the treatment information for each disease. Based on the historical disease type information of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, it is determined whether the physical condition of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested is affected. The average of the disease severity information of the historical disease types that have an impact is calculated to obtain the average information of the historical disease severity. Based on the historical disease severity mean, the influence of historical disease on the physical condition of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is determined, and then the influence on the bladder tolerance of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is obtained as the first type of bladder tolerance influence value. Based on historical disease type information and treatment information for each disease, it is determined whether a urinary catheter was used for a long time during the treatment of the patient's historical disease. If a urinary catheter was used for a long time, the duration of the urinary catheterization in the patient's alcoholic ascites is recorded. Based on the duration of the urinary catheterization in the patient's alcoholic ascites, the impact of historical disease treatment on the bladder tolerance of the patient's alcoholic ascites is determined, and the second type of bladder tolerance impact value is obtained. Based on historical disease type information and treatment information for each disease, it is determined whether the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test has a history of cystectomy. If there is a history of cystectomy, the proportion of cystectomy in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is obtained. Based on the proportion of cystectomy in the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test, the impact of cystectomy on the bladder tolerance of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites under test is determined to obtain the third type of bladder tolerance impact value.
4. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S2 also includes: The sum of the first type of bladder tolerance influence value, the second type of bladder tolerance influence value, and the third type of bladder tolerance influence value is calculated to obtain the comprehensive bladder tolerance influence value; The initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested is obtained and the initial bladder tolerance of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested is cached. The actual bladder tolerance is obtained by calculating the difference between the initial bladder tolerance and the comprehensive bladder tolerance influence value of the patient with alcoholic ascites. The bladder tolerance retention rate of patients with alcoholic liver ascites was obtained by calculating the ratio between the actual bladder tolerance and the initial bladder tolerance of the patients to be tested.
5. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: Obtain basic information about the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, including age and weight information. Based on the age information of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested are classified as either adult patients or child patients. Obtain a standard injection dose database, which includes the standard injection doses for alcoholic liver ascites patients of different ages and weights when using cystometry for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure. The age and weight information of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested are compared with the standard injection dose database to obtain the theoretical injection dose for the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested. The theoretical injection dose for patients with alcoholic ascites to be tested is multiplied by the bladder tolerance retention rate of these patients to obtain the injection dose for non-invasive monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure using the bladder manometry method, which is the actual injection dose for these patients.
6. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically includes: Obtain a standard injection speed database, which includes a theoretical injection speed database for adults and a sub-database of theoretical injection speeds for children. The sub-database of theoretical injection speeds for children includes theoretical injection speeds for children of different weights. When the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is an adult patient, the first type of injection speed is calculated by multiplying the theoretical adult injection speed with the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested. When the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is a child, the age information of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested is compared with the theoretical injection speed sub-database for children to obtain the characteristic theoretical injection speed for children of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested. The second type of injection speed is calculated by multiplying the theoretical injection speed of characteristic children with the bladder tolerance retention rate of the patients with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested; The first type of injection speed is combined with the second type of injection speed to form the actual injection speed for the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested.
7. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: The sterile saline solution to be injected is heated by a constant temperature water bath when monitoring the intra-abdominal pressure of patients with alcoholic ascites using the bladder manometry method. Once the temperature of the sterile saline solution reaches the preset target injection temperature, a heating completion signal is output.
8. The non-invasive method for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in patients with alcoholic liver ascites according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S6 specifically includes: Upon receiving the heating completion signal, sterile saline solution is injected into the syringe based on the actual injection volume of the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested. Close the indwelling urinary catheter in the patient with alcoholic ascites to be tested, establish a sterile connection point at the proximal end of the urinary catheter drainage bag interface, install the three-way tube at the sterile connection point, connect the first end of the three-way tube to the urinary catheter, connect the second end of the three-way tube to the drainage bag, and connect the third end of the three-way tube to the syringe filled with sterile saline, and connect the syringe to the pressure sensor. According to the actual injection speed of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested, the syringe is used to inject the actual injection volume of sterile saline into the bladder of the patient with alcoholic liver ascites to be tested through the three-way tube. After waiting for the set time, when the patient with alcoholic ascites is in a calm state at the end of expiration, the value displayed on the monitor is read to obtain the intra-abdominal pressure value of the patient with alcoholic ascites.