Display panel, manufacturing method and 3D display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a display panel, a manufacturing method and 3D display equipment, relates to the technical field of display, and discloses the display panel which comprises a first polarizing film layer, a polarization converter, a liquid crystal layer, a CF substrate and a TFT substrate. The polarization converter is arranged on one side of the CF substrate; the first polarizing film layer is arranged on one side, far away from the CF substrate, of the polarization converter; the liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate. The first polarizing film layer performs polarization analysis on the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and outputs the linearly polarized light after polarization analysis to the polarization converter; the polarization converter converts the linearly polarized light after polarization analysis into left-hand circularly polarized light and right-hand circularly polarized light which are alternately distributed in space. Therefore, the polarization converter is arranged in the display panel, the polarization state of the light can be completed in the display panel, crosstalk generated by a composite light path formed when the light penetrates through an external hanging structure is reduced, and the use experience of an observer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel, a manufacturing method, and a 3D display device. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional glasses-style 3D display modules, the polarization converter is an optical component externally mounted on the display screen. Its core function is to convert the linearly polarized light emitted from the screen into left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light, respectively. The 3D glasses worn by the user have fixed circularly polarized filters on the left and right lenses, which only allow the corresponding left-handed or right-handed light to pass through.

[0003] However, the aforementioned external structure essentially mechanically superimposes two independent optical systems (the display system and the polarization conversion system), creating a composite optical path consisting of optical adhesive and a glass substrate between the display panel and the polarization converter. When an observer views the image at close range, light rays from both the top and bottom viewpoints pass through multiple layers of interfaces, including the optical adhesive and the glass substrate, at a significant angle. Due to the different refractive indices of these interfaces, this composite optical path amplifies the actual angle of incidence and distorts the polarization state of the light. This causes the external polarization converter to fail to output pure circularly polarized light, instead producing elliptically polarized light. When this elliptically polarized light is filtered by 3D glasses, the images for the left and right eyes, which should be perfectly filtered by the 3D glasses, leak between each other. Ultimately, the observer perceives this as ghosting or double images from both the top and bottom viewpoints, resulting in crosstalk and affecting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a display panel, manufacturing method and 3D display device, which aims to solve the technical problem that crosstalk caused by light passing through the composite optical path formed by the external structure affects the user experience of the observer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a display panel, which includes: a first polarizing film layer, a polarization converter, a liquid crystal layer, a CF substrate, and a TFT substrate; The polarization converter is disposed on one side of the CF substrate; The first polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate; The first polarizing film layer is used to analyze the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and output the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter. The polarization converter is used to convert the analyzed linearly polarized light into left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light that are spatially alternating.

[0006] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes: a second polarizing film layer; The second polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the TFT substrate close to the first polarizing film layer; The second polarizing film layer is used to polarize the light emitted by the backlight module and output the polarized linearly polarized light to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is used to modulate the polarization state of the polarized linearly polarized light according to the image signal, and output the initial linearly polarized light to the first polarizing film layer.

[0007] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a method for manufacturing a display panel, the method comprising: A polarization converter is formed on one side of the CF substrate; A first polarizing film layer is formed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; The CF substrate and the TFT substrate are spliced ​​together to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate; The first polarizing film layer is used to analyze the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and output the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter. The polarization converter is used to convert the analyzed linearly polarized light into left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light that are spatially alternating.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of forming a polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate includes: Obtain the CF substrate; A light-shielding layer is formed on one side of the CF substrate; A color resist layer aligned with the grid area of ​​the light-shielding layer is fabricated on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the CF substrate using a photolithography process; A planarization protective layer is coated on the color resist layer; Polyimide is coated onto the planarization protective layer to form a first polyimide layer; The first polyimide layer is subjected to regional photo-alignment treatment to form multiple regions with different alignment directions; A liquid crystal polymer with a predetermined phase difference is coated onto an aligned polyimide layer; The liquid crystal polymer is cured to form a polarization converter.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of forming a first polarizing film layer on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate includes: A mixture containing a dihedral dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal material is coated on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; The mixture is exposed to ultraviolet light to orient the dihedral dye and the polymerizable liquid crystal material. The exposed mixture is cured to form the first polarizing film layer.

[0010] In one embodiment, after the step of curing the exposed mixture to form the first polarizing film layer, the method further includes: A photosensitive material layer is formed on the side of the first polarizing film layer away from the polarization converter; The photosensitive material layer is patterned to form a columnar structure; The columnar structure is cured to form a light spacer.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of splicing the CF substrate and the TFT substrate to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate includes: A second polarizing film layer is formed on the side of the TFT substrate near the first polarizing film layer; The CF substrate and the TFT substrate are spliced ​​together to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the second polarizing film layer.

[0012] In one embodiment, after the step of forming the second polarizing film layer on the side of the TFT substrate near the first polarizing film layer, the method further includes: An array circuit is formed on the side of the TFT substrate near the second polarizing film layer by deposition and patterning.

[0013] In one embodiment, the step of splicing the CF substrate and the TFT substrate to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the second polarizing film layer includes: A second polyimide layer is formed by coating polyimide on the side of the first polarizing film layer away from the polarization converter. Polyimide is coated on the side of the second polarizing film layer away from the TFT substrate to form a third polyimide alignment layer; The second polyimide layer and the third polyimide layer are aligned to form oriented trenches on the surfaces of the second polyimide layer and the third polyimide layer, respectively. A sealant border is applied to the inner edge of the CF substrate; Liquid crystal material is dripped into the area enclosed by the sealant border; The CF substrate and the TFT substrate are aligned and pressed together in a vacuum environment so that the liquid crystal material is sealed between the CF substrate and the TFT substrate and in contact with the orientation trenches of the second polyimide layer and the orientation trenches of the third polyimide layer. The liquid crystal material is oriented and aligned under the guidance of the orientation trenches of the second polyimide layer and the orientation trenches of the third polyimide layer, forming a liquid crystal layer between the second polarizing film layer and the first polarizing film layer.

[0014] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a 3D display device, which includes: 3D glasses and the display panel described above; The 3D glasses include: a left lens and a right lens; The left lens is used to transmit left-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel and block right-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel. The right lens is used to transmit the right-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel and to block the left-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel.

[0015] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: The display panel provided in this application includes: a first polarizing film layer, a polarization converter, a liquid crystal layer, a CF substrate, and a TFT substrate. The polarization converter is disposed on one side of the CF substrate; the first polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate. The first polarizing film layer analyzes the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and outputs the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter; the polarization converter converts the analyzed linearly polarized light into spatially alternating left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light. By disposing the polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate, this application achieves the integration of the polarization converter into the display panel, specifically between the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer within the display panel. This allows the polarization state of the light to be determined within the display panel itself, reducing crosstalk caused by the composite optical path formed by the light passing through the external structure and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization converter in this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the display panel manufacturing method of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the display panel manufacturing method of this application.

[0019] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] The main solution of this application embodiment is as follows: The display panel includes a first polarizing film layer, a polarization converter, a liquid crystal layer, a CF substrate, and a TFT substrate. The polarization converter is disposed on one side of the CF substrate; the first polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate. The first polarizing film layer analyzes the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and outputs the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter; the polarization converter converts the analyzed linearly polarized light into spatially alternating left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0023] The crosstalk caused by light rays passing through the composite optical path formed by the external structure in the existing technology affects the user experience.

[0024] This application provides a solution that integrates the polarization converter into the display panel by placing the polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate. Specifically, the polarization converter is integrated between the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer in the display panel, so that the polarization state of the light can be completed inside the display panel. This reduces crosstalk caused by the light passing through the composite optical path formed by the external structure and improves the user experience.

[0025] Based on this, the present application provides a display panel, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in this application.

[0026] In this embodiment, the display panel includes: a first polarizing film layer 11, a polarization converter 20, a liquid crystal layer 30, a color filter substrate (CF) 40, and a thin-film transistor array (TFT) substrate 50.

[0027] The polarization converter 20 is disposed on one side of the CF substrate 40.

[0028] It should be noted that the first polarizing film layer 11 can be a component for detecting the polarization of the input light.

[0029] Understandably, the polarization converter 20 can be an optical coding component that spatially encodes analyzed linearly polarized light into alternating distributions of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0030] It should be noted that the CF substrate 40 can serve as a carrier for integrated optical functional layers (such as the first polarizing film layer 11 and the polarization converter 20). The CF substrate 40 can also be used to impart color, shield light, and provide a uniform display background. White light from the backlight can be filtered into the three primary colors by using red, green, and blue micro-filters (color resists) covering the pixels, forming a full-color image through color mixing. Furthermore, a black matrix can be used to isolate adjacent RGB sub-pixels, preventing light crosstalk and improving contrast and color purity. A transparent common electrode can also be coated on the inner side of the CF substrate 40, forming an electric field together with the pixel electrodes on the TFT substrate to drive the liquid crystal.

[0031] Understandably, millions of tiny thin-film transistors are fabricated on the TFT substrate 50, each transistor acting as a switch to precisely control the power on and off of a sub-pixel.

[0032] The first polarizing film layer 11 is disposed on the side of the polarization converter 20 away from the CF substrate 40.

[0033] The liquid crystal layer 30 is disposed between the first polarizing film layer 11 and the TFT substrate 50.

[0034] In a specific implementation, a polarization converter 20 can be first set on one side of the CF substrate 40, that is, one side of the polarization converter 20 is adjacent to the CF substrate 40, and then a first polarizing film 11 can be set on the other side of the polarization converter 20 (the side away from the CF substrate).

[0035] The first polarizing film layer 11 is used to analyze the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer 30 and output the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter 20.

[0036] In a specific implementation, the first polarizing film layer 11 can receive the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer 30. Subsequently, the first polarizing film layer 11 selectively transmits the initial linearly polarized light with different polarization directions according to its own fixed transmission axis direction, converting the initial linearly polarized light into pure polarized light with the same vibration direction, and providing this polarized light to the polarization converter 20.

[0037] The polarization converter 20 is used to convert the analyzed linearly polarized light into spatially alternating left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polarization converter of this application. The surface of the polarization converter 20 is precisely patterned into a plurality of alternating first regions a and second regions b. The first regions correspond to the first pixel region A of the display panel, and the second regions b correspond to the second pixel region B of the display panel. Both the first pixel region A and the second pixel region B are composed of alternating red pixels R, green pixels G, and blue pixels B.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the polarization converter 20 can receive the analyzed linearly polarized light from the first polarizing film layer 11, which has a uniform vibration direction (e.g., horizontal). The analyzed linearly polarized light incident on the first region a passes through a λ / 4 phase retardation film with an alignment direction of 45°, causing a π / 2 phase difference between the two orthogonal components of the analyzed linearly polarized light, thereby converting the analyzed linearly polarized light into left-handed circularly polarized light. The analyzed linearly polarized light incident on the second region b passes through a λ / 4 phase retardation film with an alignment direction of -45°, causing a π / 2 phase difference between the two orthogonal components of the analyzed linearly polarized light, but in opposite directions, thereby converting the analyzed linearly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0040] Because the first region a and the second region b are spatially alternating (corresponding to odd and even pixel arrays), the light emitted from the polarization converter 20 is no longer a single state of light, but rather left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light that is spatially distributed alternately between adjacent pixels. This alternating distribution of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light can be received by the left and right lenses of the 3D glasses worn by the observer (the left lens transmits left-handed light, and the right lens transmits right-handed light). In this way, the left eye can only see images from all of the first region a (first pixel region A), and the right eye can only see images from all of the second region b (second pixel B). The brain fuses these two images with parallax, ultimately perceiving a stereoscopic 3D effect.

[0041] In this embodiment, the display panel further includes a second polarizing film layer 12.

[0042] The second polarizing film layer 12 is disposed on the side of the TFT substrate 50 near the first polarizing film layer 11.

[0043] It should be noted that the second polarizing film layer 12 can be a component that polarizes the input light.

[0044] The second polarizing film layer 12 is used to polarize the light emitted by the backlight module 60 and output the polarized linearly polarized light to the liquid crystal layer 30.

[0045] The liquid crystal layer 30 is used to modulate the polarization state of the polarized linearly polarized light according to the image signal and output the initial linearly polarized light to the first polarizing film layer 11.

[0046] In a specific implementation, after precisely aligning the CF substrate 40 and the TFT substrate 50, liquid crystal is injected between the first polarizing film layer 11 and the second polarizing film layer 12 to form the liquid crystal layer 30. The backlight module 60 is disposed on the side of the TFT substrate 60 away from the second polarizing film layer 12. The second polarizing film layer 12 filters the unpolarized natural light emitted by the backlight module 60 into linearly polarized light with a single and uniform vibration direction. The liquid crystal layer 30 acts as a spatial light modulator, receiving this linearly polarized light. Under the drive of the electric field generated by the image signal, the liquid crystal molecules of each pixel unit inside the liquid crystal layer 30 undergo directional deflection, thereby precisely and dynamically rotating and modulating the polarization direction of the passing linearly polarized light. This process encodes electrical image information into the polarization state of the light wave, outputting an initial polarized light whose polarization direction changes with the pixel content, and transmitting the initial polarized light to the first polarizing film layer 11 for subsequent processing.

[0047] The display panel of this embodiment includes: a first polarizing film layer, a polarization converter, a liquid crystal layer, a CF substrate, and a TFT substrate. The polarization converter is disposed on one side of the CF substrate; the first polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; and the liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate. The first polarizing film layer analyzes the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and outputs analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter; the polarization converter converts the analyzed linearly polarized light into spatially alternating left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light. This embodiment achieves the integration of the polarization converter into the display panel by disposing the polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate. Specifically, it is integrated between the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer within the display panel, allowing the polarization state of the light to be determined within the display panel itself. This reduces crosstalk caused by the composite optical path formed by the light passing through an external structure, improving the user experience.

[0048] This application also provides a method for manufacturing the display panel described above, referring to... Figure 3, Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the display panel manufacturing method of this application.

[0049] In this embodiment, the display panel manufacturing method includes steps S10 to S30: In step S10, a polarization converter 20 is formed on one side of the CF substrate 40.

[0050] In a specific implementation, on the substrate CF substrate 40 where the color resist layer has been fabricated, a polyimide layer with horizontal alignment function is first coated. Then, different alignment regions are defined by regional photoalignment technology using a mask. Subsequently, a curable liquid crystal polymer material is coated. Finally, a patterned film layer with λ / 4 phase delay function is formed by ultraviolet light irradiation and curing, thereby realizing the direct integration and fabrication of the polarization converter 20 on the CF substrate 40.

[0051] Specifically, step S10 includes steps S101 to S108: Step S101: Obtain the CF substrate 40.

[0052] In practice, a CF substrate 40 with a pre-fabricated TFT array can be prepared in advance or received from the previous process. This CF substrate 40 includes the necessary circuit structures such as a glass substrate, a thin-film transistor (TFT) array, gates, and data lines.

[0053] Step S102: A light-shielding layer is formed on one side of the CF substrate 40.

[0054] In a specific implementation, a metal layer (such as chromium) can be deposited on a designated side of the CF substrate 40 using a sputtering process or a resin-based light-shielding material can be formed using a coating-photolithography process. Subsequently, this layer is patterned using a photolithography process (including coating, exposure, and development) to form a grid-like light-shielding layer. The opening areas of this grid precisely correspond to the preset positions of the color resist cells (red, green, and blue) in subsequent steps. This light-shielding layer prevents light leakage into the TFT or signal line areas, improves contrast, and effectively isolates adjacent color resist cells to prevent color mixing.

[0055] In step S103, a color resist layer aligned with the grid area of ​​the light-shielding layer is formed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the CF substrate 40 by photolithography.

[0056] In practice, a pigment dispersion method or photoresist process is used to sequentially coat red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color resist materials to form a color resist layer composed of multiple color resist units. Each color is patterned using a photolithography process. During this process, a photolithography machine can be used for high-precision alignment to ensure that each color resist unit is precisely aligned with the opening area of ​​the light-shielding layer grid formed in the previous steps.

[0057] Step S104: Apply a planarization protective layer onto the color resist layer.

[0058] In practice, after the color resist layer is fabricated, a layer of transparent organic resin (such as acrylic or epoxy resin) can be spin-coated or slot-coated onto the entire surface of the CF substrate 40. This organic resin layer is then cured by thermosetting or UV curing to form a planarization protective layer. This planarization protective layer covers and smooths the uneven light-shielding layer and color resist layer structure beneath it, providing a smooth and flat substrate for the subsequent fabrication of the precision polarization converter 20, while protecting the color resist layer from damage in subsequent processes.

[0059] Step S105: Apply polyimide onto the planarization protective layer to form a first polyimide layer.

[0060] In practice, a layer of polyimide solution with horizontal alignment function is uniformly coated on the planarized protective layer surface by spin coating or inkjet printing. Then, a soft baking (pre-baking) process is performed to remove most of the solvent and form a uniform first polyimide layer.

[0061] Step S106: Perform regional photoalignment processing on the first polyimide layer to form multiple regions with different alignment directions.

[0062] In practice, a photomask can be used to process the first polyimide layer using regional photoalignment techniques. The photomask is designed so that specific regions (such as the area above odd-numbered pixel columns) are exposed to linearly polarized ultraviolet light at a specific angle (such as 45°), while adjacent regions (such as the area above even-numbered pixel columns) are blocked. Then, the photomask is moved or replaced so that the previously blocked areas are exposed to linearly polarized ultraviolet light at another angle (such as -45°). The linearly polarized ultraviolet light induces specific directional anchoring capabilities in the polyimide molecules in the exposed areas. Through two (or more) exposures, multiple alternating regions with different alignment orientations are formed on the surface of the polyimide layer.

[0063] Step S107: Coat the aligned polyimide layer with a liquid crystal polymer with a preset phase difference.

[0064] In a practical implementation, a polymerizable liquid crystal polymer solution is coated onto a first polyimide layer that has undergone regional photo-alignment treatment using precision coating equipment (such as a slot coater). This liquid crystal polymer is formulated to produce a precise phase delay (i.e., a preset phase difference, such as λ / 4) after polymerization and curing.

[0065] Step S108: The liquid crystal polymer is cured to form a polarization converter 10.

[0066] In its implementation, after coating, the liquid crystal polymer molecules, guided by the pre-aligned first polyimide layer beneath it, spontaneously align themselves according to a preset direction within their respective regions. Subsequently, the entire liquid crystal polymer layer is irradiated with ultraviolet light. Under the influence of ultraviolet light, the liquid crystal polymer molecules undergo a cross-linking polymerization reaction, permanently solidifying their ordered arrangement to form a stable solid film. This solidified film constitutes the polarization converter 10. Since the polarization converter 10 has alternating alignment regions, each with a λ / 4 phase delay function, it can convert incident linearly polarized light into left-handed or right-handed circularly polarized light, thus directly integrating the core functional components of 3D display onto the panel.

[0067] Step S20: A first polarizing film layer 11 is formed on the side of the polarization converter 20 away from the CF substrate 40.

[0068] In a specific implementation, a mixture containing dihedral dye and reactive mesomorphic crystals is coated on the side of the polarization converter 20 away from the CF substrate 40. Then, the material molecules are oriented using ultraviolet light alignment technology. Finally, a solid film layer with polarization function is formed by curing, thereby realizing the vertical integration of polarization function and phase conversion function on the CF substrate.

[0069] Specifically, step S20 includes steps S201 to S203: Step S201: A mixture containing a dihedral dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal material is coated on the side of the polarization converter 20 away from the CF substrate 40.

[0070] In a specific implementation, a precision coating device (such as a slot coater or inkjet printer) can be used to uniformly coat the pre-prepared mixture of dihedral dye and polymerizable liquid crystal material onto the surface of the polarization converter 20 away from the CF substrate 40.

[0071] Step S202: Expose the mixture to ultraviolet light to orient the dihedral dye and the polymerizable liquid crystal material.

[0072] In practical implementation, while the coated mixture is still liquid, linearly polarized ultraviolet light with a specific polarization direction can be used to uniformly irradiate the entire coated area at a preset incident angle. Under the action of the linearly polarized ultraviolet light field, the polymerizable liquid crystal molecules in the mixture will spontaneously align along the direction perpendicular to the light polarization direction. At the same time, the dichroic dye molecules dispersed therein will also undergo synchronous orientation alignment due to their interaction with the liquid crystal molecules, aligning their light absorption axis (major axis) with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. This results in the dichroic dye and the polymerizable liquid crystal material being oriented and possessing polarization characteristics. These polarization characteristics involve strong absorption of light whose vibration direction is parallel to the major axis of the dye molecules, while allowing light in the perpendicular direction to pass through.

[0073] Step S203: The exposed mixture is cured to form the first polarizing film layer 11.

[0074] In practice, after the UV exposure-induced alignment is completed, the CF substrate 40 is immediately heated (e.g., placed on a hot plate at a specific temperature or baked in an oven) to solidify the exposed mixture. Through this thermal curing process, the oriented alignment of the polymerizable liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules formed in the above steps is permanently locked in the cured polymer network. After curing and cooling to room temperature, a structurally stable, molecularly oriented, and well-polarized solid film is formed on the surface of the polarization converter 20; this film is the first polarizing film layer 11.

[0075] In this embodiment, the method further includes the following after step S203: Step S2031: A photosensitive material layer is formed on the side of the first polarizing film layer 11 away from the polarization converter 20.

[0076] In practice, a layer of negative photosensitive material (such as negative photoresist) is uniformly coated onto the surface of the cured first polarizing film layer 11 using spin coating or slot coating processes. When exposed to ultraviolet light of a specific wavelength, the exposed areas of this photosensitive material undergo a cross-linking reaction, making it difficult to dissolve in the subsequent developing solution. By precisely controlling the parameters of the coating process (such as rotation speed, liquid volume, and concentration), the thickness of the photosensitive material layer is controlled to a target value, which directly determines the height of the final optical spacer.

[0077] Step S2032: Pattern the photosensitive material layer to form a columnar structure.

[0078] In the specific implementation, a pre-designed photomask is used and aligned above the CF substrate 40. The photomask has a transparent pattern corresponding to the shape and position of the target columnar structure. Subsequently, it is irradiated with ultraviolet light of a specific wavelength and dose. The ultraviolet light passes through the transparent area of ​​the photomask, causing the photosensitive material beneath it to undergo a photochemical cross-linking reaction. After exposure, the CF substrate 40 is immersed in a specific developing solution or developed using a spray method. Areas not exposed to ultraviolet light (parts blocked by the photomask) are dissolved and removed by the developing solution because no cross-linking has occurred; while the exposed and cross-linked areas are retained. After development, a columnar structure with a certain height and distribution pattern, composed of cross-linked photosensitive material, is formed at the preset position.

[0079] Step S2033: The columnar structure is cured to form a light spacer.

[0080] In practical implementation, thermosetting can be used, placing the CF substrate 40 in an oven or hot plate at a specific temperature (e.g., 150°C to 230°C) for a period of time; or it can be enhanced by deep ultraviolet / full ultraviolet irradiation. After this final curing, the aforementioned columnar structure becomes the light spacer. In the cell structure of the display panel, the light spacer can be used to precisely and uniformly maintain the cell thickness between the upper and lower substrates, withstand external pressure, and prevent problems such as Newton's rings or liquid crystal unevenness.

[0081] Step S30: The CF substrate 40 and the TFT substrate 50 are spliced ​​together to form a liquid crystal layer 30 between the first polarizing film layer 11 and the TFT substrate 50.

[0082] In the specific implementation, the CF substrate 40, which integrates the polarization converter 10 and the first polarizing film layer 11, is precisely aligned with the TFT substrate 50, which has completed the fabrication of the TFT array and alignment layer, so that the pixel electrodes and common electrodes on both are aligned with each other. A sealant is applied to the border area of ​​either the CF substrate 40 or the TFT substrate 50. Within the area enclosed by the sealant, liquid crystal material is precisely deposited onto one of the substrates using a liquid crystal dropping method. The two substrates are then bonded together in a vacuum environment, allowing the liquid crystal material to uniformly fill the entire display area, forming the liquid crystal layer 30. The sealant is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation and heating, firmly bonding the two substrates and sealing the liquid crystal layer, ultimately forming a complete liquid crystal display cell.

[0083] The first polarizing film layer 11 analyzes the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer 30 and outputs the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter 20. The polarization converter 20 converts the analyzed linearly polarized light into spatially alternating left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light.

[0084] This embodiment forms a polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate; a first polarizing film layer is formed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; the CF substrate and the TFT substrate are spliced ​​together, and a liquid crystal layer is formed between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate. The initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer is analyzed by the first polarizing film layer, and the analyzed linearly polarized light is output to the polarization converter; the polarization converter converts the analyzed linearly polarized light into spatially alternating left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light. This embodiment achieves the integration of the polarization converter into the display panel by forming a polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate and a first polarizing film layer on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate. Specifically, it is integrated between the CF substrate and the first polarizing film layer in the display panel, allowing the polarization state of the light to be determined within the display panel itself. This reduces crosstalk caused by the light passing through the composite optical path formed by the external structure, improving the user experience.

[0085] Based on the first embodiment of this application, a second embodiment of this application is proposed. In the second embodiment of this application, content that is the same as or similar to that in the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the display panel manufacturing method of this application.

[0086] In this embodiment, step S30 includes steps S301 to S302: Step S301: A second polarizing film layer 12 is formed on the side of the TFT substrate 50 near the first polarizing film layer 11.

[0087] In a specific implementation, a mixture containing a dihedral dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal material is uniformly coated on the inner surface of the TFT substrate 50 near the first polarizing film layer 11 using a slot coating or spin coating process. The coated mixture is then uniformly irradiated with linearly polarized ultraviolet light. Under this polarized light field, the polymerizable liquid crystal molecules and dihedral dye molecules in the mixture simultaneously align in a specific orientation. Subsequently, a thermosetting process is used to completely polymerize the material, permanently fixing the molecular orientation, thereby forming a solid film with linear polarization capability, namely the second polarizing film layer 12.

[0088] Furthermore, step S01 is included before step S301: In step S01, an array circuit is formed on the side of the TFT substrate 50 near the first polarizing film layer 11 by deposition and patterning.

[0089] In a specific implementation, before fabricating the second polarizing film layer 12, various thin film materials constituting the TFT and circuitry can be sequentially deposited on the side of the TFT substrate 50 near the first polarizing film layer 11 using processes such as chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition. For each thin film layer, a design pattern is defined using photolithography (including coating, exposure, and development), and then excess portions are removed by etching, precisely shaping the thin film layer into the required array circuitry.

[0090] Step S302: The CF substrate 40 and the TFT substrate 50 are spliced ​​together to form a liquid crystal layer 30 between the first polarizing film layer 11 and the second polarizing film layer 12.

[0091] In a practical implementation, the CF substrate 40, which integrates the polarization converter 10 and the first polarizing film layer 11, can be precisely aligned with the TFT substrate 50, which has formed the array circuit and the second polarizing film layer 12, so that the pixel electrodes and common electrodes on both are aligned with each other. A sealant is applied to the border area of ​​either the CF substrate 40 or the TFT substrate 50. Within the area enclosed by the sealant, liquid crystal material is precisely deposited onto one of the substrates using a liquid crystal dropping method. The two substrates are then bonded together in a vacuum environment, allowing the liquid crystal material to uniformly fill the entire display area, forming the liquid crystal layer 30. The sealant is cured by ultraviolet light irradiation and heating, firmly bonding the two substrates and sealing the liquid crystal layer, ultimately forming a complete liquid crystal display cell.

[0092] In this embodiment, step S302 specifically includes steps S3021 to S3026: Step S3021: Coat the first polarizing film layer 11 with polyimide on the side away from the polarization converter 20 to form a second polyimide layer.

[0093] In a specific implementation, on the CF substrate 40 where the first polarizing film layer 11 has been fabricated, a polyimide liquid is uniformly coated onto the surface of the first polarizing film layer 11 away from the polarization converter 20 using a spin coating process. Then, a soft bake (pre-bake) is performed, involving brief heating at a specific temperature (e.g., 80-100°C) to remove most of the solvent, forming a uniform, defect-free second polyimide layer.

[0094] Step S3022: Polyimide is coated on the side of the second polarizing film layer 12 away from the TFT substrate 50 to form a third polyimide alignment layer.

[0095] In a specific implementation, on the TFT substrate 50 where the second polarizing film layer 12 has been fabricated, the polyimide liquid is uniformly coated onto the side of the second polarizing film layer 12 away from the TFT substrate 50 (i.e. towards the liquid crystal layer) by spin coating, and a soft baking process is also performed to form a uniform third polyimide layer.

[0096] Step S3023: The second polyimide layer and the third polyimide layer are aligned by forming oriented trenches on the surfaces of the second polyimide layer and the third polyimide layer, respectively.

[0097] In practical implementation, ultraviolet light at a specific angle (such as controllable polarization direction) can be used to irradiate the second and third polyimide layers, inducing anisotropic anchoring capabilities on their respective surfaces, effectively forming oriented trenches. The alignment directions of the polyimide layers on the two substrates are designed according to the requirements of the liquid crystal display mode, and the included angle between the two directions jointly determines the initial orientation of the liquid crystal.

[0098] Step S3024: Apply a sealant border to the inner edge of the CF substrate 40.

[0099] In practice, screen printing or a dispensing machine can be used to continuously apply a ring of epoxy resin sealant to the non-display area (border area) on the inner side of the CF substrate 40 (i.e., the side of the second polyimide layer that has been aligned) to form a closed sealant border.

[0100] Step S3025: Liquid crystal material is dripped into the area enclosed by the sealant frame.

[0101] In a specific implementation, within the display area of ​​the CF substrate 40 enclosed by the sealant frame, a precision liquid crystal dispensing machine is used to precisely dispense liquid crystal material onto the substrate according to a pre-calculated total amount and dispensing pattern.

[0102] Step S3026: The CF substrate 40 and the TFT substrate 50 are aligned and pressed together in a vacuum environment so that the liquid crystal material is sealed between the CF substrate 40 and the TFT substrate 50 and contacts the orientation trenches of the second polyimide layer and the orientation trenches of the third polyimide layer.

[0103] The liquid crystal material is oriented and arranged under the guidance of the orientation trenches of the second polyimide layer and the orientation trenches of the third polyimide layer, forming a liquid crystal layer 30 between the second polarizing film layer 12 and the first polarizing film layer 11.

[0104] In the specific implementation, in a vacuum environment (such as inside a vacuum chamber), the CF substrate 40 with liquid crystal material droplets is precisely aligned with the TFT substrate 50, ensuring accurate alignment of key structures such as pixels and alignment trenches. While maintaining the vacuum, the two substrates are gradually pressed together, causing the sealant frame to contact and adhere to the other substrate, while the liquid crystal is compressed and uniformly fills the entire display area. In the pressed state, ultraviolet light is first irradiated from one or both sides of the substrate to pre-cure the sealant frame, temporarily fixing the cell thickness. Throughout the process, liquid crystal molecules, guided by the alignment trenches on the surfaces of the upper and lower second polyimide layers and the third polyimide layer, undergo directional alignment, forming a liquid crystal layer 30 with a specific initial orientation. After the liquid crystal cell is removed from the vacuum chamber, it undergoes thermal curing to completely cure the sealant, ensuring the long-term sealing and structural strength of the liquid crystal cell.

[0105] This application also provides a 3D display device, which includes 3D glasses and the display panel described in the above embodiments.

[0106] The 3D glasses include: a left lens and a right lens; The left lens is used to transmit left-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel and to block right-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel.

[0107] The right lens is used to transmit the right-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel and to block the left-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel.

[0108] The 3D display device provided in this application, employing the display panel in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem in the prior art where crosstalk caused by light passing through the composite optical path formed by the external structure affects the user experience. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the 3D display device provided in this application are the same as those of the display panel provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the 3D display device are the same as those disclosed in the above display panel embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes: a first polarizing film layer, a polarization converter, a liquid crystal layer, a CF substrate, and a TFT substrate; The polarization converter is disposed on one side of the CF substrate; The first polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate; The first polarizing film layer is used to analyze the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and output the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter. The polarization converter is used to convert the analyzed linearly polarized light into left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light that are spatially alternating.

2. The display panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes: a second polarizing film layer; The second polarizing film layer is disposed on the side of the TFT substrate close to the first polarizing film layer; The second polarizing film layer is used to polarize the light emitted by the backlight module and output the polarized linearly polarized light to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is used to modulate the polarization state of the polarized linearly polarized light according to the image signal, and output the initial linearly polarized light to the first polarizing film layer.

3. A method for manufacturing a display panel, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing the display panel includes: A polarization converter is formed on one side of the CF substrate; A first polarizing film layer is formed on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; The CF substrate and the TFT substrate are spliced ​​together to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate; The first polarizing film layer is used to analyze the initial linearly polarized light from the liquid crystal layer and output the analyzed linearly polarized light to the polarization converter. The polarization converter is used to convert the analyzed linearly polarized light into left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light that are spatially alternating.

4. The method for manufacturing a display panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of forming a polarization converter on one side of the CF substrate includes: Obtain the CF substrate; A light-shielding layer is formed on one side of the CF substrate; A color resist layer aligned with the grid area of ​​the light-shielding layer is fabricated on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the CF substrate using a photolithography process; A planarization protective layer is coated on the color resist layer; Polyimide is coated onto the planarization protective layer to form a first polyimide layer; The first polyimide layer is subjected to regional photo-alignment treatment to form multiple regions with different alignment directions; A liquid crystal polymer with a predetermined phase difference is coated onto an aligned polyimide layer; The liquid crystal polymer is cured to form a polarization converter.

5. The method for manufacturing a display panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of forming a first polarizing film layer on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate includes: A mixture containing a dihedral dye and a polymerizable liquid crystal material is coated on the side of the polarization converter away from the CF substrate; The mixture is exposed to ultraviolet light to orient the dihedral dye and the polymerizable liquid crystal material. The exposed mixture is cured to form the first polarizing film layer.

6. The method for manufacturing a display panel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, After the step of curing the exposed mixture to form the first polarizing film layer, the method further includes: A photosensitive material layer is formed on the side of the first polarizing film layer away from the polarization converter; The photosensitive material layer is patterned to form a columnar structure; The columnar structure is cured to form a light spacer.

7. The method for manufacturing a display panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of splicing the CF substrate and the TFT substrate to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the TFT substrate includes: A second polarizing film layer is formed on the side of the TFT substrate near the first polarizing film layer; The CF substrate and the TFT substrate are spliced ​​together to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the second polarizing film layer.

8. The method for manufacturing a display panel as described in claim 7, characterized in that, After the step of forming a second polarizing film layer on the side of the TFT substrate near the first polarizing film layer, the method further includes: An array circuit is formed on the side of the TFT substrate near the second polarizing film layer by deposition and patterning.

9. The method for manufacturing a display panel as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of splicing the CF substrate and the TFT substrate to form a liquid crystal layer between the first polarizing film layer and the second polarizing film layer includes: A second polyimide layer is formed by coating polyimide on the side of the first polarizing film layer away from the polarization converter. Polyimide is coated on the side of the second polarizing film layer away from the TFT substrate to form a third polyimide alignment layer; The second polyimide layer and the third polyimide layer are aligned to form oriented trenches on the surfaces of the second polyimide layer and the third polyimide layer, respectively. A sealant border is applied to the inner edge of the CF substrate; Liquid crystal material is dripped into the area enclosed by the sealant border; The CF substrate and the TFT substrate are aligned and pressed together in a vacuum environment so that the liquid crystal material is sealed between the CF substrate and the TFT substrate and in contact with the orientation trenches of the second polyimide layer and the orientation trenches of the third polyimide layer. The liquid crystal material is oriented and aligned under the guidance of the orientation trenches of the second polyimide layer and the orientation trenches of the third polyimide layer, forming a liquid crystal layer between the second polarizing film layer and the first polarizing film layer.

10. A 3D display device, characterized in that, The 3D display device includes: 3D glasses and the display panel as described in claim 1 or 2; The 3D glasses include: a left lens and a right lens; The left lens is used to transmit left-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel and block right-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel. The right lens is used to transmit the right-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel and to block the left-hand circularly polarized light output from the display panel.

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