Sliding bearing for wind turbine and wind turbine

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding bearing for a wind turbine and the wind turbine. The sliding bearing comprises a fixed bearing surface and a rotatable bearing surface. The fixed bearing surface is configured to be non-rotatably connectable to a nacelle of a wind turbine. The rotatable bearing surface is configured to be non-rotatably connectable to a rotor of the wind turbine and slidably disposed along the fixed bearing surface such that the rotatable bearing surface is brought into a rotating state relative to the fixed bearing surface from a stationary state in which the rotatable bearing surface is stationary relative to the fixed bearing surface, the rotatable bearing surface rotates relative to the fixed bearing surface about an axis of rotation in the rotational state. At least one of the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface is configured as a reversibly deformable bearing surface, and the slide bearing includes a deformation actuator that actively deforms the reversibly deformable bearing surface in one of a stationary and / or rotational condition. The invention also relates to a wind turbine with a sliding bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a sliding bearing for a wind turbine and a wind turbine, and particularly to a sliding bearing for supporting the rotor of a wind turbine relative to a generator or relative to the nacelle of the wind turbine. Background Technology

[0002] The use of sliding bearings to mount the rotor of a wind turbine in a nacelle is known, for example, in EP 2 101 071 B1. Each of these sliding bearings comprises an outer bearing sleeve and an inner ring. When the wind turbine rotor is stationary, the inner ring abuts against the outer sleeve in the contact area, creating a crescent-shaped space between the inner ring and the outer bearing sleeve. As the rotor begins to rotate, the inner ring moves radially along the axis of rotation, causing the space between the inner ring and the outer bearing sleeve to extend completely around the circumference of the inner ring. The shape of the space between the inner ring and the outer bearing sleeve varies with the rotational speed of the rotor. Therefore, the lubricant conditions in this space can be very unstable or unfavorable. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a sliding bearing for wind turbines that can reduce the probability of instability or other adverse conditions.

[0004] This objective is achieved through the wind turbine of the present invention.

[0005] The sliding bearing according to the invention is configured for use in a wind turbine. The sliding bearing includes a fixed bearing surface and a rotatable bearing surface.

[0006] Each of the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface can be configured as a single continuous surface or multiple adjacent or separate surfaces. Specifically, each of the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface can have or form a straight cylindrical lateral surface or a truncated conical lateral surface. Alternatively, each of the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface can include at least one segment with a straight cylindrical lateral surface shape and at least one segment with a truncated conical lateral surface shape.

[0007] The fixed bearing surface is configured to be non-rotatably connected to the nacelle of the wind turbine. That is, the fixed bearing surface can be formed by one or more portions of the nacelle of the wind turbine. In particular, the fixed bearing surface can be configured to be non-rotatably connected to the gearbox of the wind turbine and / or the stator of the generator of the wind turbine.

[0008] The rotatable bearing surface is configured to be non-rotatably connected to the rotor of a wind turbine. That is, the rotatable bearing surface can be formed by one or more portions of the rotor of the wind turbine that can be non-rotatably connected to it. In particular, the rotatable bearing surface can be configured to be non-rotatably connected to the input shaft of a gearbox or the rotor of a generator of a wind turbine.

[0009] The rotatable bearing surface is slidably arranged along the fixed bearing surface, allowing the rotatable bearing surface to transition from a stationary state to a rotating state relative to the fixed bearing surface. In the stationary state, the rotatable bearing surface is stationary relative to the fixed bearing surface. In the rotating state, the rotatable bearing surface rotates about a rotation axis relative to the fixed bearing surface. In other words, the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface are not flat, and one of the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface may be arranged inside the other. In other words, one of the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface surrounds the other.

[0010] A sliding bearing is configured such that at least one of a fixed bearing surface and a rotatable bearing surface is configured as a bearing surface capable of reversible deformation. The sliding bearing includes a deformation actuator for actively deforming the reversibly deformable bearing surface in at least one of a static state and / or a rotating state. That is, the reversibly deformable bearing surface is configured such that the deformation actuator can change the contour of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in at least one of the static and / or rotating states of the rotatable bearing surface.

[0011] The term "reversible" can refer to the property of a bearing surface that elastically changes its shape. The term "deformable" can refer to the property that a deformable actuator alters the profile of a bearing surface such that the altered profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface is neither geometrically similar to nor geometrically consistent with the previous / unchanged profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface (i.e., the profile before actuator activation).

[0012] In other words, the deformation actuator can be configured to actively adapt to the contours of a bearing surface that can be reversibly deformed.

[0013] A reversibly deformable bearing surface can be configured such that, when the deformable actuator is deactivated, the rotatable bearing surface interacts rotatably with a fixed bearing surface, and the profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in at least one of its rotational states is reversibly altered compared to the profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in its static state. The interaction of the rotatable bearing surfaces can occur on a fluid film.

[0014] Specifically, the reversibly deformable bearing surface can be configured to change its profile according to the rotational speed or angular velocity of the rotatable bearing surface. Specifically, the reversibly deformable bearing surface can be configured to be at least locally flexible, such that pressure changes between the stationary bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface and / or pressure changes in the fluid film are sufficient to deform the reversibly deformable bearing surface, the pressure changes being caused by changes in the rotational speed or angular velocity of the rotatable bearing surface. In other words, the reversibly deformable bearing surface can be configured to passively adjust its profile according to pressure changes between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface, the pressure changes being caused by changes in the rotational speed or angular velocity of the rotatable bearing surface, and the deformation actuator is configured to selectively prevent the passive adaptation of the reversibly deformable bearing surface.

[0015] Providing deformation actuators for actively altering the surface of flexible bearings makes it possible or easier to build and maintain fluid films under different operating and load conditions.

[0016] The deformable actuator can be configured to set clearance between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface. Specifically, the deformable actuator can be configured to set the clearance to zero. Specifically, the deformable actuator can be configured to tension the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface radially, or simultaneously axially and radially, towards each other with a predetermined pretension relative to the axis of rotation in at least one of the stationary and / or rotating states of the rotatable bearing surface.

[0017] According to one aspect of the invention, the sliding bearing can be configured as a hydrodynamic sliding bearing. In particular, the hydrodynamic sliding bearing can be equipped with a pump for providing hydrostatic pressure between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface during the start-up (transition from a stationary state to one of the rotating states) and / or shutdown (transition from one of the rotating states to a stationary state) of the hydrodynamic sliding bearing.

[0018] Configuring a sliding bearing as a hydrodynamic sliding bearing can increase its robustness.

[0019] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotatable bearing surface may be arranged radially relative to the axis of rotation inside the fixed bearing surface.

[0020] When the sliding bearing starts (i.e., the rotatable bearing surface leaves its stationary state and enters one of the rotational states), the fixed bearing surface and / or the rotatable bearing surface are moved / deformed / stretched or compressed, causing the clearance between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface to increase or become greater than zero. By arranging the rotatable bearing surface inside the fixed bearing surface, the deformation of the rotatable bearing surface due to centripetal force can offset the increase in clearance during rotation.

[0021] According to one aspect of the invention, the deformable actuator may include at least one of a piezoelectric device, an electromagnetic device, a magnetic device, an electromechanical device, and a pneumatic device.

[0022] Fast-response tension actuators can be achieved using piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and / or magnetic devices. Electromechanical or pneumatic devices can be used to achieve a larger operating range with adjustable deformation.

[0023] According to one aspect of the invention, the sliding bearing may include a fluid circuit configured to provide fluid between a fixed bearing surface and a rotatable bearing surface in at least one of the rotational states. The deformation actuator may include at least one hydraulic device connected to the fluid circuit and configured to operate in conjunction with the fluid in the fluid circuit. Specifically, the hydraulic device may include a pressure source configured to pressurize the fluid, a hydraulic cylinder configured to convert the hydraulic energy of the pressurized fluid into reversible deformation of one or each of the bearing surfaces, and a fluid line connecting the pressure source and the hydraulic cylinder. The pressure source may also be configured to provide a predetermined pressure of fluid between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface. Specifically, deformation actuator valves may be provided between the pressure source and the deformation actuator, or between the pressure source and the hydraulic device of the deformation actuator, and a lubrication valve may be provided between the pressure source and at least one lubrication opening in the bearing surface. Alternatively, the fluid circuit may include a first pressure source, and the deformation actuator may include a second pressure source separate from the first pressure source.

[0024] If the sliding bearing is designed so that the hydraulic device of the deformation actuator operates together with the fluid used to lubricate the bearing surface, the complex precautions required for sealing the hydraulic device can be avoided.

[0025] According to one aspect of the invention, the fluid circuit and at least one hydraulic device can be configured such that a predetermined fluid flow between a fixed bearing surface and a rotatable bearing surface in a predetermined rotational state causes a predetermined fluid flow in the fluid circuit, and such that the predetermined fluid flow in the fluid circuit causes at least one hydraulic device of the deformable actuator to set a predetermined profile of at least one deformable bearing surface corresponding to the predetermined fluid flow between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface.

[0026] By adjusting the fluid circuit to regulate the fluid flow between the fixed bearing surface and the rotatable bearing surface, it is possible to easily control the deformation of the reversibly deformable bearing surface based on the angular velocity of the rotatable bearing surface.

[0027] According to one aspect of the invention, a bearing surface capable of reversible deformation may include a circularly curved portion having a first curvature in a static state, wherein a deformation actuator may be configured to change (i.e., increase or decrease) the first curvature to a second curvature in at least one rotational state.

[0028] Providing a circular curved section with variable curvature enables simple, selectively variable bearing surfaces.

[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, a deformable actuator can be configured to deform a reversibly deformable bearing surface such that the profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in a first rotational state of rotation of the rotatable bearing surface changes compared to the profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in a second rotational state of rotation of the rotatable bearing surface. Specifically, the deformable actuator can be configured such that in a second rotational state where the angular velocity of the rotatable bearing surface is greater than / less than that of the first rotational state, the circularly curved portion exhibits a curvature greater than / less than that of the first rotational state. That is, the change between the curvature in the first rotational state and the curvature in the second rotational state can be the same as the change in angular velocity (i.e., the deformable actuator increases the curvature of the circularly curved portion of the reversibly deformable bearing surface as the angular velocity increases), or the opposite of the change in angular velocity (i.e., the deformable actuator decreases the curvature of the circularly curved portion of the reversibly deformable bearing surface as the angular velocity increases).

[0030] Providing a deformation actuator that can change the bearing surface under different rotational conditions can improve the operating performance of sliding bearings.

[0031] According to one aspect of the invention, the deformable actuator can be configured to brake (e.g., slow down or stop) a rotating bearing surface in at least one rotating state. Specifically, the deformable actuator can be configured to brake the rotatable bearing surface by creating unfavorable conditions for the lubricating film between the bearing surfaces. In particular, the deformable actuator can be configured to perform emergency braking (i.e., rapid deceleration to a stop) by deforming the deformable bearing surface to cause the lubricating film between the bearing surfaces to collapse.

[0032] By integrating braking functionality into sliding bearings, the manufacturing cost of systems that include sliding bearings can be reduced.

[0033] According to one aspect of the invention, the deformation actuator can be configured to deform the surface of a deformable bearing in a creeping manner, particularly in at least one of a static and / or rotating state of the rotatable bearing surface. "Creeping manner" can refer to wavy deformation, whereby the wave formed in the reversibly deformable bearing surface moves over time. Particularly in the static state, the creeping motion of the reversibly deformable bearing surface can help promote lubrication between the bearing surfaces. Particularly in one of the rotating states, the creeping motion of the reversibly deformable bearing surface can promote braking.

[0034] According to one aspect of the invention, a sliding bearing may include at least one deformable bearing pad, which at least partially provides at least one bearing surface capable of reversible deformation. In particular, at least one bearing pad may be mounted to a bearing pad support. When the fixed bearing surface and / or the rotatable bearing surface are formed by several bearing pads, the individual parts of the fixed bearing surface and / or the rotatable bearing surface can be adjusted according to the local bearing condition. In cases of localized wear on the fixed bearing surface and / or the rotatable bearing surface, using multiple bearing pads also makes it possible to replace only a single bearing pad.

[0035] According to one aspect of the invention, at least one deformable bearing pad may include a leading edge and a trailing edge with respect to rotation of the rotatable bearing surface. A deformation actuator may be configured to deform the leading edge and the trailing edge differently.

[0036] Different deformations of the leading and trailing edges can help adjust the bearing pads to suit the different flow requirements of the lubricating film on the rotatable bearing surface at different angular velocities.

[0037] According to one aspect of the invention, at least one deformable bearing pad may have a non-uniform thickness and / or a non-uniform density. The non-uniform thickness may vary circumferentially or parabolically with respect to the axis of rotation. The cross-section of the at least one bearing pad with a non-uniform thickness may be asymmetrical in a cutting plane parallel to the axis of rotation. In particular, the cantilever portions of at least one deformable bearing pad, especially the portions of at least one deformable bearing pad cantilevered relative to the pad support, may have different thicknesses. Each cantilever portion of at least one deformable bearing pad may have a non-uniform thickness and / or the thicknesses of different cantilever portions of at least one deformable bearing pad may differ from each other. In particular, the cantilever portions of at least one deformable bearing pad, especially the portions of at least one deformable bearing pad cantilevered relative to the pad support, may have different densities. Each cantilever portion of at least one deformable bearing pad may have a non-uniform density and / or the densities of different cantilever portions of at least one deformable bearing pad may differ from each other. In particular, at least one bearing pad with a non-uniform density may comprise a porous structure and / or a frame structure (particularly a truss type or bone structure).

[0038] Non-uniform flexibility can be easily achieved by providing non-uniform thickness and / or non-uniform density.

[0039] According to one aspect of the invention, at least one deformable bearing pad may comprise at least two different components composed of at least two different materials. In particular, the at least two different components may be arranged in layers. One of the at least two different components may be or may comprise a leading edge of rotation relative to the rotatable bearing surface, and the other of the at least two different components may be or may comprise the body portion of the corresponding bearing pad.

[0040] Offering different materials allows different parts of the bearing pad to be adapted to their respective local conditions. Providing different layers can be advantageous in terms of using materials particularly suited to the bearing surface.

[0041] The present invention also relates to a wind turbine comprising a nacelle and a rotor, wherein the rotor is rotatably connected to the nacelle via a sliding bearing according to the invention. In particular, the nacelle is pivotally connected to the tower of the wind turbine. The wind turbine may include a generator capable of directly generating electricity through the rotation of the rotor. Alternatively, the wind turbine may include gears interconnecting the rotor and the generator. Attached Figure Description

[0042] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wind turbine is shown.

[0043] Figure 2 It shows along Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of line II-II in the diagram.

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the bearing pad and the corresponding bearing pad support is shown in the undeformed state of the bearing surface, which is capable of reversible deformation.

[0045] Figure 4 This illustrates the deformed state of a bearing surface capable of reversible deformation. Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the bearing pad and the corresponding bearing pad support.

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic side view of a bearing pad with a joint for attaching a deformation actuator is shown.

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic side view of a bearing pad with a trimmed leading edge is shown.

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic side view of a bearing pad with an exemplary configuration having an integrated deformable actuator is shown.

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic side view of a sandwich-type bearing pad is shown.

[0050] These accompanying drawings are merely illustrative in nature and their sole purpose is to simplify the understanding of the invention.

[0051] Similar features of any of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings will be numbered accordingly. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of a wind turbine 2 according to the invention is shown, comprising a wind turbine tower 4 disposed on a foundation. The foundation shown here is an onshore foundation, but an offshore foundation may also be used. A nacelle 6 is disposed on the wind turbine tower 4 via a yaw bearing system. A rotor 8 is rotatably disposed relative to the nacelle 6 and includes a hub 10 mounted, for example, via a pitch bearing system, to at least two wind turbine blades 12.

[0053] The wind turbine blade 12 is shown herein as a full-span wind turbine blade, but a partially pitchable wind turbine blade may also be used. A partially pitchable wind turbine blade may include an inner blade section and an outer blade section, wherein a pitch bearing system may be arranged between the two blade sections.

[0054] The rotor 8 is mounted in the nacelle 6 via sliding bearings. An exemplary configuration of the sliding bearings is shown in... Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is as follows Figure 1 The cross-sectional view shown along line II-II.

[0055] The rotor 8 includes a cylindrical and / or conical portion having a cylindrical and / or conical rotatable bearing surface 14. The rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14 are embedded in a plurality of bearing pads 16. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the sliding bearing includes twelve bearing pads 16. Typically, a sliding bearing may include at least two bearing pads 16, which enclose the rotor 8 between them.

[0056] Each of the provided bearing pads 16 includes a contact surface 18 designed to contact the rotatable bearing surface 14. The contact surfaces 18 of the provided bearing pads 16 together form the fixed bearing surface 20 of the sliding bearing.

[0057] Depending on the cylindrical and / or conical shape of the rotatable bearing surface 14, the contact surface 18 of the fixed bearing surface 20 lies within a common virtual cylindrical surface and / or truncated conical surface. The cylindrical surface and truncated conical surface can refer to a surface that is partially cylindrical and partially truncated conical.

[0058] Each bearing pad 16 is connected to the nacelle 4 (i.e., specifically to the frame or shell of the nacelle 4) via a bearing pad support 22. Each bearing pad support 22 is connected to the corresponding bearing pad 16 via a bearing pad joint 24.

[0059] Figure 3 Showing more details Figure 2 The bearing pad 16, bearing pad support 22, and bearing pad joint 24 are shown in the diagram.

[0060] The bearing pad connector 24 includes a connector element on the bearing pad side (hereinafter referred to as: pad-side connector element 26) and a connector element on the bearing pad support side (hereinafter referred to as: support-side connector element 28). With the aid of the bearing pad connector 24, the bearing pad 16 can be tilted relative to the bearing pad support 22.

[0061] The bearing pad 16 includes a protrusion 30 on the side opposite the contact surface 18, which is configured to connect to the pad-side connector element 26. The pad-side connector element 26 has a ball cap / frustum shape, wherein a hole 32 extends between two parallel planes of the ball cap / frustum. The hole 32 is sized such that the protrusion 30 of the bearing pad 16 is press-fitted into the hole 32. Alternatively, the bearing pad 16 and the pad-side connector element 26 can be configured to connect to each other via a threaded connection, welded connection, brazed connection, adhesive connection, or any other type of connection.

[0062] The bearing pad support 22 includes a receiving portion 34 on the side facing the bearing pad 16 during assembly. The receiving portion 34 is configured to receive a support-side connector element 28. The support-side connector element 28 is annular and, during installation, has a rounded corner on its outwardly facing radially inward side. The rounded corner has a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the pad-side connector element 26. The dimensions of the receiving portion 34 are determined such that the annular support-side connector element 28 is press-fitted into the receiving portion 34. Alternatively, the bearing pad support 22 and the support-side connector element 28 can be configured to be connected to each other via a threaded connection, welded connection, brazed connection, adhesive connection, or any other type of connection.

[0063] exist Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the sliding bearing shown, the contact surface 18 is configured as a reversibly deformable bearing surface according to the present invention. Figure 3 In the state shown, the contact surface 18 is in its undeformed state. In the undeformed state, the curvature k0 of the contact surface 18 of the bearing pad 16 (and consequently the curvature k0 of the fixed bearing surface 20) is at least approximately equal to the reciprocal of the radius R of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14.

[0064] Figure 4 The deformation state of the contact surface 18 (i.e., at least one of several deformation states) is shown, and further, the deformation state of the fixed bearing surface 20 is shown. The contact surface 18 is deformed such that the curvature k1 of the contact surface 18 (and consequently the curvature k1 of the fixed bearing surface 20) is less than the curvature k0 of the contact surface 18 in its undeformed state.

[0065] The sliding bearing can be configured such that when the rotor 8 (and thus the rotatable bearing surface 14) is in its stationary state, the contact surface 18 is in its undeformed state, and the deformation actuator ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 (Not shown) is configured to deform the contact surface 18 when the rotor 8 (and consequently the rotatable bearing surface 14) is in one of its rotational states. That is, in Figure 3 In the state shown, the angular velocity ω0 of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14 is zero, and... Figure 4 In the state shown, the angular velocity ω1 of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14 is greater than zero.

[0066] Alternatively or additionally, the sliding bearing can be configured such that when the rotor 8 (and thus the rotatable bearing surface 14) is in one of its rotational states, the contact surface 18 is in its undeformed state, and the deformation actuator ( Figure 3 and Figure 4(Not shown) is configured to deform the contact surface 18 when the rotor 8 (and consequently the rotatable bearing surface 14) is in another rotating state or in a stationary state. That is, in Figure 3 In the state shown, the angular velocity ω0 of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14 can be greater than zero, and... Figure 4 In the state shown, the angular velocity ω1 of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14 can be not equal to (i.e., less than or greater than) the angular velocity ω1 or equal to zero.

[0067] Deformation actuator ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 (Not shown) can be configured to deform the contact surface 18 to another curvature when the rotor (and thus the rotatable bearing surface 14) rotates at an angular velocity greater than ω1. This other curvature can be less than or greater than curvature k1.

[0068] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the configuration shown, the curvature k0 in the undeformed state is at least approximately equal to the reciprocal of the radius R of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14. Alternatively, the curvature k0 in the undeformed state may be less than the reciprocal of the radius R of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14. In this case, the bearing pad can be configured such that the curvature k1 in one of the deformed states becomes at least approximately equal to the reciprocal of the radius R of the rotor 8 and the rotatable bearing surface 14. Alternatively, the bearing pad can be configured such that the curvature in the deformed state is less than the curvature k0 in the undeformed state.

[0069] Figure 5 A bearing pad 116 with a gap 136 for attaching a deformable actuator is shown. That is, the gap 136 is configured to serve as a connection point or engagement point for the deformable actuator. Deformable actuator ( Figure 5 (Not shown in the image) is configured to apply a force to the gap 136 or to the wall of the gap 136. This is achieved when the deformation actuator pulls the walls of the gap together (i.e., narrows the gap 136); see [link to image]. Figure 5 When arrow 138 is drawn, the contact surface 18 deforms, causing the initial curvature k0 to decrease to k1 in a portion of the contact surface 18.

[0070] The deformable actuator can also be configured as a wall that temporarily widens the gap (see...) Figure 5 Arrow 140 in the diagram is used to increase the curvature of the contact surface 18.

[0071] The clearance 136 is arranged at the trailing edge 142 of the bearing pad 116 relative to the rotational direction of the rotatable bearing surface 14. That is, in Figure 5In the configuration shown, the deformation actuator can only deform the trailing edge portion of the bearing pad 116 and the trailing edge portion of the corresponding contact surface 18. Alternatively or additionally, a clearance for accommodating the corresponding deformation actuator can be provided at the leading edge portion 144 of the bearing pad 116.

[0072] Similar to Figure 5 the configuration shown, Figure 6 the bearing pad 216 shown includes a clearance 136 for accommodating a deformation actuator (not shown), and the deformation actuator is configured to narrow and / or widen the clearance 136 to change (i.e., increase or decrease) the curvature of the contact surface 18. Different from Figure 5 the configuration shown, the bearing pad 216 includes a trimmed leading edge portion 244. That is, the leading edge portion 244 can be configured to taper gradually towards the leading edge, so that the leading edge portion 244 has a crescent or semi - crescent profile.

[0073] Similar to Figure 6 the configuration shown, Figure 7 the bearing pad 316 shown includes the clearance 136 and the trimmed leading edge portion 244. Different from Figure 6 the configuration shown, the bearing pad 316 includes an integrated deformation actuator 346. The deformation actuator 346 is configured as a hydraulic device and includes a chamber 348 configured to accommodate one end of a piston 350. The chamber 348 is formed on one side or wall of the clearance 136. One end of the piston 350 is fixed or connected to the other side or wall of the clearance 136. The other end of the piston 350 is movably connected to the chamber 348. The bearing pad 316 also includes (not shown) hydraulic pipelines to pressurize and / or depressurize the chamber 348 to move the piston 350. When the chamber 348 is depressurized, the piston 350 is pulled towards the chamber 348, the clearance 136 narrows, resulting in a decrease in the curvature of the contact surface 18. When the chamber 348 is pressurized, the piston 350 is pushed away from the chamber 348 and the clearance 136 widens, resulting in an increase in the curvature of the contact surface 18. The deformation actuator 346 may not be integrally formed with the bearing pad 316, but may be configured as a separate component and installed in the clearance 136.

[0074] Similar to Figure 5 the configuration shown, Figure 8 the bearing pad 416 shown includes a clearance 136 for accommodating a deformation actuator (not shown), and the deformation actuator is configured to narrow and / or widen the clearance 136 to change (i.e., increase or decrease) the curvature of the contact surface 18. Different from Figure 5The configuration shown is different; the bearing pad 416 includes a portion having a contact surface 18 (hereinafter referred to as the rotor-side portion 452) and a portion facing the bearing pad support 22 (hereinafter referred to as the support-side portion 454). The rotor-side portion 452 and the support-side portion 454 are connected to each other via a threaded connection, welded connection, brazed connection, adhesive connection, or any other type of connection, and are configured such that a gap 136 extends between them.

[0075] The rotor-side portion 452 is configured to be more flexible than the support-side portion 454. That is, when the deformation actuator narrows or widens the gap 136, the rotor-side portion 452 deforms more than the support-side portion 454.

[0076] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 2 wind turbines 4 wind turbine towers 6 cabins 8 rotors 10-inch wheels 12 wind turbine blades 14 Rotatable bearing surface 16, 116, 216, 316, 416 bearing pads 18 contact surfaces 20 Fixed bearing surface 22 Bearing Pad Support 24 bearing pad joint 26. Side-mounted connector element 28 Support component side connector element 30 protrusions 32 holes 34 Reception Department 136 gap 138 Force to narrow the gap 140 Force to widen the gap The trailing edge of the 142 bearing pad The leading edge of bearing pads 144 and 244 346 Deformation Actuator 348 Deformation Actuator Cavity 350 Deformation Actuator Piston 452 rotor side section 454 Support Component Side Section R is the radius of the rotatable bearing surface. ω0 is the angular velocity of a reversibly deformable bearing surface in its undeformed state. ω1 is the angular velocity of the rotating bearing surface in a reversibly deformable bearing surface deformation state. k0 represents the curvature of the bearing surface fixed in its undeformed state within a reversibly deformable bearing surface. k1 fixes the curvature of the bearing surface under the reversible deformation state of the bearing surface.

Claims

1. A sliding bearing for a wind turbine (2), comprising: Fixed bearing surface (20), and Rotatable bearing surface (14), wherein The fixed bearing surface (20) is configured to be non-rotatably connected to the nacelle (6) of the wind turbine (2), and The rotatable bearing surface (14) is configured to be non-rotatably connected to the rotor (8) of the wind turbine (2) and to be slidably arranged along the fixed bearing surface (20), such that the rotatable bearing surface (14) can enter a rotating state relative to the fixed bearing surface (20) from a stationary state, in which the rotatable bearing surface (14) is stationary relative to the fixed bearing surface (20), and in the rotating state, the rotatable bearing surface (14) rotates about a rotation axis relative to the fixed bearing surface (20). Its features At least one of the fixed bearing surface (20) and the rotatable bearing surface (14) is configured as a bearing surface capable of reversible deformation, wherein The sliding bearing includes a deformation actuator (346) for actively deforming the reversibly deformable bearing surface in at least one rotational state, namely the static state and / or the rotational state.

2. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding bearing is configured as a hydrodynamic sliding bearing.

3. The sliding bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The rotatable bearing surface (14) is arranged radially relative to the axis of rotation inside the fixed bearing surface (20).

4. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The deformation actuator includes at least one of piezoelectric device, electromagnetic device, magnetic device, electromechanical device, and pneumatic device.

5. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The sliding bearing includes a fluid circuit configured to provide fluid between the fixed bearing surface (20) and the rotatable bearing surface (18) in at least one of the rotational states, wherein the deformable actuator (346) includes at least one hydraulic device connected to the fluid circuit and configured to operate using the fluid of the fluid circuit.

6. The sliding bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fluid circuit and the at least one hydraulic device are configured such that a predetermined fluid flow between the fixed bearing surface (20) and the rotatable bearing surface (14) in a predetermined rotational state causes a predetermined fluid flow in the fluid circuit, such that the predetermined fluid flow in the fluid circuit causes the at least one hydraulic device to set a predetermined profile of the at least one deformable bearing surface corresponding to the predetermined fluid flow between the fixed bearing surface (20) and the rotatable bearing surface (14).

7. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The reversibly deformable bearing surface includes a circular curved portion having a first curvature (k0) in the static state, wherein the deformation actuator (346) is configured to change the first curvature (k0) to a second curvature (k1) in at least one rotational state in the rotational state.

8. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The deformation actuator (346) is configured to deform the reversibly deformable bearing surface such that the profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in a first rotational state of the rotational state of the rotatable bearing surface changes compared to the profile of the reversibly deformable bearing surface in a second rotational state of the rotational state of the rotatable bearing surface (14).

9. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The deformable actuator (346) is configured to brake the rotatable bearing surface (14) in at least one of the rotational states.

10. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The deformation actuator (346) is configured to deform the surface of the deformable bearing in a creeping manner.

11. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The sliding bearing includes at least one deformable bearing pad (16, 116, 216, 316, 416), which at least partially provides the at least one reversibly deformable bearing surface.

12. The sliding bearing according to claim 11, characterized in that, The at least one deformable bearing pad (16, 116, 216, 316, 416) includes a leading edge (144, 244) and a trailing edge (142) relative to the rotational direction of the rotatable bearing surface (14), and The deformation actuator (346) is configured to deform the leading edge (144, 244) differently from the trailing edge (142).

13. The sliding bearing according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The at least one deformable bearing pad (16, 116, 216, 316, 416) has a non-uniform thickness and / or a non-uniform density.

14. The sliding bearing according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The at least one deformable bearing pad (416) comprises at least two different components made of at least two different materials.

15. A wind turbine (2), comprising a nacelle (6) and a rotor (8), characterized in that, The rotor (8) is rotatably connected to the cabin (6) via a sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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