Sludge drying incineration treatment system and sludge incineration treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sludge incineration treatment system and method.The system is characterized in that on the basis of comprising a sludge drying device, a sludge incinerator, a sludge carbonization furnace and a waste heat boiler, a mixing granulation device and a sintering device are innovatively introduced, molten ash generated by incineration and carbonization products are mixed and granulated through the system, and the sludge incineration treatment system is obtained; high-temperature combustible gas generated in the carbonization process is used as a sintering heat source, and the mixed particles are sintered into a high-strength building material product; through cooperation and circulation of materials and energy, thorough harmlessness, reduction and high-value recycling of the sludge are achieved, meanwhile, the energy efficiency of the system is improved, and remarkable environment-friendly and economic values are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a sludge drying and incineration treatment system and a sludge incineration treatment method, belonging to the field of sludge treatment. Background Technology

[0002] The sludge produced by urban wastewater treatment plants is enormous, and its treatment and disposal is a current challenge in the field of environmental protection. Sludge incineration, as a mainstream technology, can effectively reduce, stabilize, and render harmless the sludge. However, traditional sludge incineration technologies have limited pathways for the resource utilization of the ash residue, with most still being disposed of through landfill, failing to truly turn waste into treasure. Secondly, the efficiency of waste heat utilization from the high-temperature flue gas generated during incineration still has room for improvement. Furthermore, existing sludge incineration systems often have long processes, insufficient energy utilization at each stage, and inadequate coordination among the various units within the system.

[0003] While existing technologies have attempted to use waste heat from flue gas to dry sludge or to carbonize sludge, these are mostly limited to single energy recovery or material disposal. While they achieve energy utilization or resource recovery to a certain extent, they fail to deeply couple incineration, carbonization, and subsequent product sintering, thus failing to form a highly synergistic system between internal materials and energy. Furthermore, the treatment of combustible gases and tar generated during carbonization is a significant technical challenge; improper handling can easily lead to secondary pollution or equipment blockage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive treatment system and method that can deeply integrate sludge incineration and carbonization processes, realize the cascade utilization of energy and the complete decomposition of pollutants within the system, and efficiently utilize major solid wastes as resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to provide a sludge incineration treatment system and method to address the problems of limited resource utilization pathways, low energy efficiency, and insufficient synergy within existing sludge treatment technologies. This system achieves complete harmlessness, volume reduction, and high-value resource recovery of sludge through deep coupling of incineration and carbonization, and synergistic sintering of the products.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a sludge incineration treatment system, comprising a sludge drying device, a sludge incinerator, a sludge carbonization furnace, and a waste heat boiler, further comprising a mixing and granulation device and a sintering device. The mixing and granulation device is used to receive and mix molten ash from the sludge incinerator and carbonization products from the sludge carbonization furnace and granulate them. The sintering device is connected to the mixing and granulation device and is used to receive the granulated mixed particles and sinter them into high-strength products. The gas inlet of the sintering device is connected to the high-temperature combustible gas outlet of the sludge carbonization furnace, using the high-temperature combustible gas as the main heat source for sintering.

[0007] Furthermore, the sludge carbonization furnace and the sintering device are integrated into a carbonization-sintering integrated reactor. The reactor includes a carbonization zone and a sintering zone connected in sequence. The carbonization zone is connected to the sludge incinerator through a flue gas channel to receive high-temperature flue gas as a heat source. The sintering zone is connected to the carbonization zone through a gas pipeline to receive high-temperature combustible gas.

[0008] Furthermore, the mixing and granulation apparatus includes: The slag-carbonization product mixer has its inlet connected to the slag discharge port of the sludge incinerator and the discharge port of the sludge carbonization furnace respectively via high-temperature conveying equipment. The tar recycling system consists mainly of a condenser installed on the combustible gas pipeline of the sludge carbonization furnace. It is used to separate heavy tar and spray the separated heavy tar into the slag-carbonization product mixer through a delivery pump and nozzle, as a granulation binder.

[0009] Furthermore, the sintering zone is located in the downstream section inside the sludge carbonization furnace, and the high-temperature combustible gas is directly introduced into the sintering zone after being drawn out.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a sludge preheater. The flue gas outlet of the sintering device is connected to the sludge preheater via an induced draft fan. The sludge preheater is installed on the sludge feed pipe of the sludge carbonization furnace. It uses sintering flue gas to preheat the dried sludge entering the sludge carbonization furnace. The flue gas outlet of the sludge preheater is connected to the air inlet of the sludge incinerator and the total flue gas treatment system.

[0011] A sludge drying and incineration treatment system and a sludge incineration treatment method include the following steps: S1. After drying, the dewatered sludge is diverted to the sludge incinerator and the sludge carbonization furnace. S2. In the sludge incinerator, sludge is burned with air to produce high-temperature flue gas and molten ash. S3. The first part of the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler to generate steam for sludge drying. S4. The second part of the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the sludge carbonization furnace as a carbonization heat source. S5. In the sludge carbonization furnace, the sludge undergoes pyrolysis, producing carbonization products and high-temperature combustible gas. The method further includes: S6. Mix and granulate the molten ash produced by the sludge incinerator with the carbonization products produced by the sludge carbonization furnace. S7. The granulated mixed particles are fed into the sintering zone, and the high-temperature combustible gas generated during the carbonization process is used to directly heat and sinter the mixed particles to form a high-strength sintered product. S8. The high-temperature flue gas generated after sintering is returned to the sludge incinerator or the sludge carbonization furnace for heat recovery and complete decomposition of pollutants.

[0012] Furthermore, in the mixing and granulation process of step S6, the heavy tar produced during carbonization and separated by condensation is added as a binder to improve the granulation effect and increase the strength of the sintered product.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S8, the high-temperature flue gas generated by sintering is introduced into the feeding section of the sludge carbonization furnace to preheat the dried sludge before it enters the flue gas treatment system.

[0014] Furthermore, the compressive strength of the high-strength sintered product is not less than 15MPa, and it can be used as a building material or roadbed soil.

[0015] Furthermore, the sintering zone of the integrated carbonization-sintering reactor is equipped with an adjustable air distribution device, which controls the atmosphere and temperature to vitrify and fix the heavy metals in the mixed particles into the sintered body.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, by co-sintering incineration ash and carbonization products, solid waste is transformed into high-strength sintered products, which greatly expands the resource utilization pathway of sludge treatment by-products and realizes the transformation of waste into treasure. 2. In the solution of this invention, the system realizes the cascade and recycling of energy. The incineration flue gas is used for carbonization heating and sludge drying. The combustible gas generated by carbonization is used for product sintering. The waste heat from sintering is used to preheat the sludge, which significantly reduces external energy consumption and improves overall energy efficiency. 3. In the present invention, the combustible gas and tar generated by carbonization are safely and efficiently utilized as fuel within the system, avoiding secondary pollution; the substances are completely decomposed, and heavy metals are effectively fixed through the glass transition effect, reducing environmental risks; 4. In the scheme of this invention, through the design of the carbonization-sintering integrated reactor, the system structure is more compact, the equipment footprint is reduced, the material and energy are seamlessly connected, and the operating efficiency is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a system distribution diagram of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1-Sludge drying device, 2-Sludge incinerator, 3-Sludge carbonization furnace, 4-Waste heat boiler, 5-Mixing and granulation device, 6-Sintering device, 7-Sludge preheater. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0020] Combination Figure 1 The sludge incineration treatment system shown includes a sludge drying device 1, a sludge incinerator 2, a sludge carbonization furnace 3, and a waste heat boiler 4. It also includes a mixing and granulation device 5 and a sintering device 6. The mixing and granulation device 5 is used to receive and mix molten ash from the sludge incinerator 2 and carbonization products from the sludge carbonization furnace 3 and granulate them. The sintering device 6 is connected to the mixing and granulation device 5 and is used to receive the granulated mixed particles and sinter them into high-strength products. The gas inlet of the sintering device 6 is connected to the high-temperature combustible gas outlet of the sludge carbonization furnace 3, using the high-temperature combustible gas as the main heat source for sintering.

[0021] The sludge carbonization furnace 3 and the sintering device 6 are integrated into a carbonization-sintering integrated reactor. The reactor includes a carbonization zone and a sintering zone connected in sequence. The carbonization zone is connected to the sludge incinerator 2 through a flue gas channel to receive high-temperature flue gas as a heat source. The sintering zone is connected to the carbonization zone through a gas pipeline to receive high-temperature combustible gas.

[0022] The mixing and granulation device 5 includes: The slag-carbonization product mixer has its inlet connected to the slag discharge port of the sludge incinerator 2 and the discharge port of the sludge carbonization furnace 3 respectively through high-temperature conveying equipment. The tar recycling system consists mainly of a condenser installed on the combustible gas pipeline of the sludge carbonization furnace 3. It is used to separate heavy tar and spray the separated heavy tar into the slag-carbonization product mixer through a delivery pump and nozzle as a granulation binder.

[0023] The sintering zone is located in the downstream section inside the sludge carbonization furnace 3, and the high-temperature combustible gas is directly introduced into the sintering zone after being drawn out.

[0024] It also includes a sludge preheater 7. The flue gas outlet of the sintering device 6 is connected to the sludge preheater 7 via an induced draft fan. The sludge preheater 7 is installed on the sludge feed pipe of the sludge carbonization furnace 3. It uses the sintering flue gas to preheat the dried sludge entering the sludge carbonization furnace 3. The flue gas outlet of the sludge preheater 7 is connected to the air inlet of the sludge incinerator 2 and the total flue gas treatment system.

[0025] A sludge drying and incineration treatment system and a sludge incineration treatment method include the following steps: S1. After drying, the dewatered sludge is diverted to the sludge incinerator and the sludge carbonization furnace. S2. In the sludge incinerator, sludge is burned with air to produce high-temperature flue gas and molten ash. S3. The first part of the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler to generate steam for sludge drying. S4. The second part of the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the sludge carbonization furnace as a carbonization heat source. S5. In the sludge carbonization furnace, the sludge undergoes pyrolysis, producing carbonization products and high-temperature combustible gases. The method also includes: S6. Mix and granulate the molten ash from the sludge incinerator with the carbonization products from the sludge carbonization furnace. S7. The granulated mixed particles are fed into the sintering zone, and the high-temperature combustible gas generated during the carbonization process is used to directly heat and sinter the mixed particles to form a high-strength sintered product. S8. The high-temperature flue gas generated after sintering is returned to the sludge incinerator or sludge carbonization furnace for heat recovery and complete decomposition of pollutants.

[0026] In the mixing and granulation process of step S6, the heavy tar produced during carbonization and separated by condensation is added as a binder to improve the granulation effect and increase the strength of the sintered product.

[0027] In step S8, the high-temperature flue gas generated by sintering is introduced into the feeding section of the sludge carbonization furnace 3 to preheat the dried sludge before it enters the flue gas treatment system.

[0028] The compressive strength of high-strength sintered products is not less than 15MPa, and they can be used as building materials or roadbed soil.

[0029] The carbonization-sintering integrated reactor is equipped with an adjustable air distribution device in the sintering zone. By controlling the atmosphere and temperature, the heavy metals in the mixed particles are vitrified and fixed in the sintered body.

[0030] Working principle: The dewatered sludge is first dried in the sludge drying device 1. Part of the dried sludge is sent to the sludge incinerator 2 for incineration, producing high-temperature flue gas and molten ash. The other part is sent to the sludge carbonization furnace 3 for pyrolysis, producing carbonization products and high-temperature combustible gas. Part of the high-temperature flue gas generated by sludge incineration is introduced into the waste heat boiler 4 to generate steam, which is used for sludge drying. The other part is introduced into the sludge carbonization furnace 3 to provide a heat source for the carbonization process. The molten ash and carbonization products are mixed and granulated in the mixing and granulation device 5. During this process, the heavy tar separated from the carbonization combustible gas can be added as a binder to improve the granulation effect. The granulated mixed particles are sent to the sintering device 6. The high-temperature combustible gas generated by the sludge carbonization furnace 3 is introduced into the sintering device 6 as the main heat source to directly heat and sinter the mixed particles to form a high-strength sintered product. The high-temperature flue gas generated during sintering can be directed to the sludge preheater 7 to preheat the dried sludge entering the carbonization furnace, achieving further heat recovery. The entire system realizes closed-loop material processing and cascaded energy utilization.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes and improvements to the present invention in form and detail, and these are all considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sludge incineration treatment system, comprising a sludge drying device (1), a sludge incinerator (2), a sludge carbonization furnace (3), and a waste heat boiler (4), characterized in that: It also includes a mixing and granulation device (5) and a sintering device (6), wherein the mixing and granulation device (5) is used to receive and mix molten ash from the sludge incinerator (2) and carbonization products from the sludge carbonization furnace (3) and granulate them. The sintering device (6) is connected to the mixing and granulation device (5) for receiving the granulated mixed particles and sintering them into high-strength products. The gas inlet of the sintering device (6) is connected to the high-temperature combustible gas outlet of the sludge carbonization furnace (3) to use high-temperature combustible gas as the main heat source for sintering.

2. The sludge incineration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge carbonization furnace (3) and the sintering device (6) are integrated into a carbonization-sintering integrated reactor. The reactor includes a carbonization zone and a sintering zone connected in sequence. The carbonization zone is connected to the sludge incinerator (2) through a flue gas channel to receive high-temperature flue gas as a heat source. The sintering zone is connected to the carbonization zone through a gas pipeline to receive high-temperature combustible gas.

3. The sludge incineration treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing and granulation device (5) includes: The slag-carbonization product mixer has its inlet connected to the slag discharge port of the sludge incinerator (2) and the discharge port of the sludge carbonization furnace (3) respectively via a high-temperature resistant conveying device. The tar recycling system is mainly composed of a condenser installed on the combustible gas pipeline of the sludge carbonization furnace (3), which is used to separate heavy tar and spray the separated heavy tar into the slag-carbonization product mixer through a delivery pump and nozzle as a granulation binder.

4. The sludge incineration treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sintering zone is located in the downstream section inside the sludge carbonization furnace (3), and the high-temperature combustible gas is directly introduced into the sintering zone after being drawn out.

5. The sludge incineration treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a sludge preheater (7). The flue gas outlet of the sintering device (6) is connected to the sludge preheater (7) via an induced draft fan. The sludge preheater (7) is installed on the sludge feed pipe of the sludge carbonization furnace (3) and uses sintering flue gas to preheat the dried sludge entering the sludge carbonization furnace (3). The flue gas outlet of the sludge preheater (7) is connected to the air inlet of the sludge incinerator (2) and the total flue gas treatment system.

6. A sludge drying and incineration treatment system and a sludge incineration treatment method, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. After drying, the dewatered sludge is diverted to the sludge incinerator and the sludge carbonization furnace. S2. In the sludge incinerator, sludge is burned with air to produce high-temperature flue gas and molten ash. S3. The first part of the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the waste heat boiler to generate steam for sludge drying. S4. The second part of the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the sludge carbonization furnace as a carbonization heat source. S5. In the sludge carbonization furnace, the sludge undergoes pyrolysis, producing carbonization products and high-temperature combustible gas. The method further includes: S6. Mix and granulate the molten ash produced by the sludge incinerator with the carbonization products produced by the sludge carbonization furnace. S7. The granulated mixed particles are fed into the sintering zone, and the high-temperature combustible gas generated during the carbonization process is used to directly heat and sinter the mixed particles to form a high-strength sintered product. S8. The high-temperature flue gas generated after sintering is returned to the sludge incinerator or the sludge carbonization furnace for heat recovery and complete decomposition of pollutants.

7. The sludge incineration treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the mixing and granulation process of step S6, the heavy tar produced during carbonization and separated by condensation is added as a binder to improve the granulation effect and increase the strength of the sintered product.

8. The sludge incineration treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S8, the high-temperature flue gas generated by sintering is introduced into the feeding section of the sludge carbonization furnace (3) to preheat the dried sludge before it enters the flue gas treatment system.

9. A sludge incineration treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The compressive strength of high-strength sintered products is not less than 15MPa, and they can be used as building materials or roadbed soil.

10. A sludge incineration treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The carbonization-sintering integrated reactor is equipped with an adjustable air distribution device in the sintering zone. By controlling the atmosphere and temperature, the heavy metals in the mixed particles are vitrified and fixed in the sintered body.

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