Loudspeaker module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a loudspeaker module and electronic equipment, the loudspeaker module comprises a shell and an inner core, the shell is provided with a main cavity and an auxiliary cavity, and the inner core is located in the main cavity. The inner core divides the main cavity into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity. The auxiliary cavity is communicated with one side of the rear sound cavity. A sound absorption structure is further arranged in the auxiliary cavity and used for restraining the auxiliary cavity from absorbing sound waves of the target frequency band. As the sound absorption structure is arranged in the auxiliary cavity, the sound absorption structure inhibits the auxiliary cavity from absorbing the sound waves of the target frequency band, the sound waves of the target frequency band are prevented from being greatly attenuated to influence the sound quality of the loudspeaker module, and the sound quality and the hearing feeling of the loudspeaker module are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of terminals, in particular to a loudspeaker module and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The loudspeaker module is an important structure of various electronic devices with sound emitting function, and is widely used in devices such as mobile phones, tablet computers and notebook computers.

[0003] The loudspeaker module generally includes a shell and a core, and the core is located in the shell to divide the internal space of the shell into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity. The front sound cavity and the rear sound cavity have a great influence on the sound quality of the loudspeaker module, and the rear sound cavity mainly affects the low frequency part of the sound. Improving the structure of the rear sound cavity is of great help to improve the sound quality of the loudspeaker module and improve the listening experience. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a loudspeaker module and an electronic device, which can overcome the problems in the related art. The technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a loudspeaker module, which includes a shell and a core. The shell has a main cavity and a secondary cavity. The core is located in the main cavity to divide the main cavity into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity. The secondary cavity is in communication with one side of the rear sound cavity. An acoustic absorption structure is arranged in the secondary cavity. The acoustic absorption structure is used to suppress the absorption of sound waves of a target frequency band by the secondary cavity.

[0006] Based on the above features, since the acoustic absorption structure is arranged in the secondary cavity, the absorption of sound waves of the target frequency band by the secondary cavity is suppressed by the acoustic absorption structure, so as to avoid excessive attenuation of the sound waves of the target frequency band and affect the sound quality of the loudspeaker module, which helps to improve the sound quality and listening experience of the loudspeaker module.

[0007] In some examples, the secondary cavity is in the shape of a strip and has opposite first and second ends. The first end of the secondary cavity is in communication with the rear sound cavity, and the acoustic absorption structure is close to the second end of the secondary cavity. Based on the above features, the strip-shaped secondary cavity has a relatively regular shape, which facilitates the arrangement of the acoustic absorption structure. The acoustic absorption structure is arranged closer to the second end of the secondary cavity, so that the space of the secondary cavity is fully utilized.

[0008] In some examples, the acoustic absorption structure includes a labyrinth channel, and the labyrinth channel is in communication with the secondary cavity. The labyrinth channel is a groove with multiple bending parts.

[0009] Based on the above characteristics, the labyrinth channel alters the original resonant frequency of the secondary cavity, reducing its absorption of sound waves near the original resonant frequency, thus suppressing the absorption of sound waves in the target frequency band. The labyrinth channel also has a damping effect on sound waves. During propagation within the labyrinth channel, sound waves undergo reflection, absorption, and superposition, weakening sound waves near the labyrinth channel's resonant frequency. Ultimately, the sound waves returning from the labyrinth channel to the secondary cavity are weakened, achieving the goal of suppressing standing wave generation. The reflection, absorption, and superposition processes differ for sound waves of different frequencies within the labyrinth channel, resulting in varying degrees of attenuation. By adjusting the structure of the labyrinth channel, the absorption of sound waves within the secondary cavity can be altered, significantly reducing the loss of sound waves in the target frequency band, thereby preventing excessive attenuation of the target frequency band and ensuring the sound quality of the speaker module is not affected.

[0010] In some examples, the maze-like passage includes a meandering channel that extends in a circuitous manner along a first direction, which is away from the rear acoustic cavity. The meandering channel structure is simple and easy to design. By adjusting geometric parameters such as the length, width, number of bends, and bend angle of the meandering channel, the damping of the channel can be changed, thus adjusting its influence on sound waves at different frequency bands.

[0011] In some examples, the maze-like passageway includes multiple bends arranged side-by-side. By providing multiple bends, each corresponding to a different frequency range, sound waves across multiple frequency ranges can be attenuated.

[0012] In some examples, at least two of the multiple bent channels have different lengths in the first direction. By setting bent channels of different lengths, different damping effects are produced on sound waves in different frequency ranges.

[0013] In some examples, at least two of the multiple bent channels have different widths in a second direction, where the multiple bent channels are arranged side-by-side. Adjusting the widths of the different bent channels can change the frequency range affected by each channel, thereby altering the influence of the sound-absorbing structure on sound waves.

[0014] In some examples, at least one of the bending channels has a gradually varying number of bends per unit length along the first direction.

[0015] By adjusting the number of bends of the bending channel within a unit length along the first direction, the damping variation of the bending channel within different length ranges along the first direction can be changed, thereby adjusting the influence of the bending channel on the sound waves and ultimately affecting the sound quality of the speaker module.

[0016] As an example, at least one of the bending channels gradually increases the number of bends per unit length along the first direction. This gradual increase in the number of bends gradually increases the damping of the bending channel, causing the sound waves to be gradually absorbed within the bending channel.

[0017] As an example, at least one of the bending channels maintains a constant number of bends per unit length along the first direction. Bending channels with a constant number of bends are simpler and more convenient to design and manufacture.

[0018] In some examples, the sub-cavity is provided with multiple partitions, which together with the inner wall of the sub-cavity form the bent channel.

[0019] Based on the above characteristics, the design and manufacturing of the partition are relatively simple. By setting up partitions to form a bent channel, the geometric parameters of the bent channel can be changed by adjusting the relevant geometric parameters of the partitions, which is conducive to more precise adjustment of the geometric shape of the bent channel.

[0020] In some examples, the plurality of partitions includes a first partition and a plurality of second partitions, the first partition being arranged along the first direction, a portion of the plurality of second partitions being located on one side of the first partition, and another portion of the plurality of second partitions being located on the other side of the second partition, so as to form bent channels on both sides of the first partition. Based on the above features, the first partition divides the second end of the sub-cavity into two parts, thereby forming a bent channel in each part, thus forming two bent channels arranged side by side, which can affect the sound waves separately.

[0021] As an example, the plurality of partitions includes two first partitions arranged side-by-side with a gap between them, and a second partition distributed between the two first partitions to form a bent channel between the two first partitions. By forming three bent channels with the two side-by-side, spaced-apart first partitions and the plurality of second partitions, the influence of the sound-absorbing structure on sound waves can be more precisely adjusted.

[0022] In some examples, the speaker module also includes a first damping mesh located in at least one of the bent channels. The first damping mesh provides additional damping, affecting the sound waves within the bent channels.

[0023] In some examples, the speaker module also includes a second damping mesh located within the sub-cavity and on the side of the sound-absorbing structure closest to the rear acoustic cavity. The second damping mesh can influence each bend in the channel, further adjusting the sound quality of the speaker module.

[0024] In some examples, the speaker module has a damping layer on the inner wall of the rear acoustic cavity and / or the inner wall of the sub-cavity. The damping layer allows the frequency response curve of the speaker module to become smoother within a certain frequency range.

[0025] In some examples, the secondary cavity is filled with damping material, and the damping of the damping material gradually changes along the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity. Filling with damping material can further improve sound quality. Different damping materials have different effects on sound quality; by arranging damping material with varying damping, more precise adjustments to the sound quality can be made.

[0026] As an example, the damping of the damping material gradually increases in the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity, causing the sound waves to be gradually absorbed within the curved channel.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, which includes a mid-frame and a speaker module as described in the first aspect. Based on the above features, in this electronic device, since a sound-absorbing structure is provided in the sub-cavity, the sound-absorbing structure suppresses the absorption of sound waves in the target frequency band by the sub-cavity, thereby avoiding excessive attenuation of sound waves in the target frequency band that would affect the sound quality of the speaker module, thus helping to improve the sound quality and listening experience of the speaker module. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module in related technologies;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of another speaker module in related technologies;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The frequency response curve of the speaker module is shown below.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a frequency response curve of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a partial structural diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a partial structural diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 The frequency response curve of the speaker module is shown.

[0045] Legend

[0046] 10. Mid-frame 10a, Sound output channel

[0047] 20. Speaker module 20a, main cavity 20b, secondary cavity 21, housing

[0048] 21a, front acoustic cavity; 21b, rear acoustic cavity; 211, main body; 212, expansion section.

[0049] 213. First shell 214. Second shell 22. Core

[0050] 30. Sound-absorbing structure; 31. Maze passage; 311. Bend passage

[0051] 40. Partition plate; 41. First partition plate; 42. Second partition plate

[0052] 51. First damping mesh 52. Second damping mesh Detailed Implementation

[0053] The terminology used in the embodiments section of this application is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar terms used in the patent application specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "a" or "one," and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including," and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected," "linked," and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up," "down," "left," "right," etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a wearable electronic device. This embodiment uses a mobile phone as an example; the mobile phone may be a foldable phone or a non-foldable phone, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device includes a mid-frame 10 and a speaker module 20. The mid-frame 10 may be part of the casing of the electronic device. Figure 1 In order to show the speaker module 20, at least part of the casing has been omitted. Figure 1 The arrangement of the speaker module 20 in the middle frame 10 is only for illustration purposes. The arrangement of the speaker module 20 may also be different for different electronic devices.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the speaker module 20 includes a housing 21 and a core 22. The core 22 is located within the housing 21, dividing the internal space of the housing 21 into a front acoustic cavity 21a and a rear acoustic cavity 21b. The middle frame 10 has a sound outlet channel 10a. Figure 2 The image uses multiple hollow arrows to schematically illustrate the propagation path of sound waves from inside the electronic device to the outside of the electronic device.

[0056] In some examples, housing 21 has a sound outlet that communicates with front acoustic cavity 21a and is connected to sound outlet channel 10a, so that the sound emitted by speaker module 20 can be transmitted to the outside of electronic device through the sound outlet and sound outlet channel 10a.

[0057] In other examples, the front acoustic cavity 21a of the housing 21 can be open, and a seal is provided between the housing 21 and the middle frame 10 around the open portion of the front acoustic cavity 21a, that is, a portion of the surface of the middle frame 10 is used as the inner wall of the front acoustic cavity 21a to increase the volume of the front acoustic cavity 21a. The sound outlet channel 10a is directly connected to the front acoustic cavity 21a.

[0058] The front acoustic cavity 21a and rear acoustic cavity 21b of the speaker module 20 have a significant impact on sound quality. The front acoustic cavity 21a primarily affects the high-frequency range of the sound, while the rear acoustic cavity 21b primarily affects the low-frequency range. When designing the speaker module 20, a larger rear acoustic cavity 21b is typically designed. This is because, within certain limits, gradually increasing the volume of the rear acoustic cavity 21b can gradually shift the low-frequency peak of the speaker module 20's frequency response curve to the left, improving the low-frequency range of the sound and thus enhancing the sound quality of the speaker module 20.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the housing 21 includes a main body portion 211 and an expansion portion 212. In this example, the expansion portion 212 is approximately an elongated rectangle. The core 22 is arranged in the main body portion 211, and the cavity in the expansion portion 212 is connected to the rear acoustic cavity 21b located in the main body portion 211. The cavity in the expansion portion 212 and the rear acoustic cavity 21b in the main body portion 211 work together.

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a speaker module in related technologies. For example... Figure 4As shown, the speaker module has a relatively regular shape. When there is ample internal space in an electronic device, the shape of the housing 21 is usually designed to be relatively square, for example, approximately rectangular. The thickness of the speaker module is usually relatively thin. In the embodiments of this application, when describing the shape of the speaker module, housing, front sound cavity, rear sound cavity, and other structures or parts of the structure, the thickness is ignored, and the shape of the orthographic projection on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction is used instead. For example, if the speaker module is rectangular, it means that the orthographic projection of the speaker module is rectangular. This is to form a relatively regular rear sound cavity 21b. However, the internal space of electronic devices is limited. With the increase of components and / or the thinning of electronic devices, the placement of the speaker module 20 is gradually restricted, making it difficult to leave a large, regular space to arrange the speaker module 20. If the housing 21 is still set as rectangular, the volume of the rear sound cavity 21b will be very small, making it difficult to meet performance requirements, resulting in poor sound quality of the speaker module 20. In order to make full use of the internal space of the electronic device, the shape of the housing 21 has gradually become irregular.

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of another speaker module in related technologies. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the housing 21 of the speaker module 20 also includes a main body portion 211 and an expansion portion 212, with the expansion portion 212 providing a long, narrow cavity. Compared to a housing with only the main body portion 211 and no expansion portion 212, the expansion portion 212 effectively gives the speaker module 20 a larger rear acoustic cavity. For ease of distinction, in this embodiment, the cavity in the expansion portion 212 and the rear acoustic cavity 21b located in the main body portion 211 are collectively referred to as the equivalent rear acoustic cavity.

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 At least part of the shell 21 is omitted. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the expansion portion 212 in the housing 21 makes the shape of the housing 21 irregular, and the equivalent shape of the sound cavity is also irregular, for example... Figure 6 The equivalent shape of the acoustic cavity shown resembles the number "7". The cavity in the expansion section 212 is relatively long and narrow, which may cause standing waves to be generated in certain frequency bands. Furthermore, the cavity in the expansion section 212 will absorb sound waves with frequencies near its own resonant frequency, resulting in poor sensitivity at certain frequencies and reducing the sound quality of the speaker module 20. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The frequency response curve of the speaker module shown is illustrated. The horizontal axis of the frequency response curve represents frequency in Hz, and the vertical axis represents sound pressure level in dB. Figure 7As shown, the frequency response curve shows a significant decrease in sensitivity around 1000Hz, which is due to the narrow cavity in the expansion section 212.

[0063] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application. To better illustrate the structure of the speaker module, Figure 8 The following is along Figure 3 The structure after being cut along the dotted lines. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the speaker module includes a housing 21 and a core 22. The housing 21 has a main cavity 20a and a secondary cavity 20b.

[0064] The main cavity 20a is located in the main body portion 211 of the shell 21, and the secondary cavity 20b is located in the expansion portion 212 of the shell 21.

[0065] The core 22 is located in the main cavity 20a, dividing the main cavity 20a into a front acoustic cavity 21a and a rear acoustic cavity 21b (see [link]). Figure 2 The secondary cavity 20b is connected to one side of the rear acoustic cavity 21b.

[0066] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the sub-cavity 20b is provided with a sound-absorbing structure 30, which is used to suppress the absorption of sound waves in the target frequency band by the sub-cavity 20b.

[0067] In this embodiment, the target frequency band refers to the frequency range including the resonant frequency of the sub-cavity 20b when no sound-absorbing structure 30 is provided in the sub-cavity 20b. When no sound-absorbing structure 30 is provided in the sub-cavity 20b, the resonant frequency of the sub-cavity 20b is its original resonant frequency.

[0068] For example, the target frequency band can be represented in the form of an interval as follows:

[0069] [a-b1, a+b2]

[0070] Where a is the original resonant frequency of the sub-cavity 20b, b1 and b2 are both positive numbers, b1 < a, and b1 and b2 can be equal or not equal.

[0071] Alternatively, the target frequency band can be represented in the form of an interval as follows:

[0072] [c1a, c2a]

[0073] Where c1 and c2 are both positive numbers, and 0 < c1 < 1 < c2.

[0074] For example, the target frequency band may include a continuous frequency range, such as 900Hz to 1100Hz. The specific numerical range of the target frequency band can be set according to the specific design of the speaker module; this is only an example. The target frequency can be obtained from a frequency response curve, for example... Figure 7 The frequency response curve shown is shown.

[0075] In this embodiment, since a sound-absorbing structure 30 is provided in the sub-cavity 20b, the sound-absorbing structure 30 suppresses the absorption of sound waves in the target frequency band by the sub-cavity 20b, thereby avoiding excessive attenuation of sound waves in the target frequency band and affecting the sound quality of the speaker module 20, which helps to improve the sound quality and listening experience of the speaker module 20.

[0076] Figure 10 This is a frequency response curve of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application. For comparison, Figure 10 The frequency response curve of a speaker module in a related technology is also shown by dashed lines. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the sound-absorbing structure 30 eliminates the deep trough A near 1000Hz, creating two shallower troughs, B and C, located near 630Hz and 1120Hz respectively. This eliminates one deep trough A at the cost of adding two shallower troughs. The depth of trough A is approximately 6dB, trough B is approximately 3dB, and trough C is approximately 3dB. The attenuation at troughs B and C is relatively small, with minimal impact on sound quality, which is acceptable. This improves the significant attenuation near 1000Hz, noticeably enhancing the sound quality and listening experience of the speaker module. Later, we can further improve sound quality by reducing the depth of the newly added troughs, such as troughs B and C, to make the frequency response curve flatter within a certain frequency range.

[0077] Figure 8 and Figure 9 This explanation uses only one type of speaker module with a shape resembling the number "7" as an example. In fact, the positional relationship between the main body 211 and the expansion part 212 is not limited to this one. As an example, Figures 11-13 It also offers three different speaker modules with different shapes, such as Figure 11 As shown, the expansion portion 212 can be connected not only to the end of the long side of the main body portion 211, but also to the middle of the long side of the main body portion 211. Figure 12 As shown, the expansion portion 212 can be connected not only to the long side of the main body portion 211, but also to the short side of the main body portion 211. Figure 13 As shown, the width of the expansion portion 212 can also be the same as the width of the main body portion 211, that is, the shell 21 can be a long and narrow rectangular structure.

[0078] Figure 14 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 As shown, the secondary cavity 20b is strip-shaped and has opposite first and second ends. The first end of the secondary cavity 20b is connected to the rear acoustic cavity 21b, and the sound-absorbing structure 30 is located near the second end of the secondary cavity 20b.

[0079] Here, the sound-absorbing structure 30 is closer to the second end of the secondary cavity 20b. This means that the sound-absorbing structure 30 is located in the secondary cavity 20b. Compared to the distance to the first end of the secondary cavity 20b, the distance from the sound-absorbing structure 30 to the second end is smaller, that is, the sound-absorbing structure 30 is closer to the second end of the secondary cavity 20b.

[0080] Because the secondary cavity 20b is strip-shaped and relatively regular in shape, it facilitates the arrangement of the sound-absorbing structure 30. By placing the sound-absorbing structure 30 closer to the second end of the secondary cavity 20b, the space of the secondary cavity 20b can be fully utilized.

[0081] As an example, the sub-cavity 20b is approximately a long rectangle. In other examples, the sub-cavity 20b may also be of other shapes, depending on the space available in the electronic device to accommodate the speaker module 20.

[0082] like Figure 14 As shown, the sound-absorbing structure 30 includes a labyrinth channel 31, which is connected to the secondary cavity 20b.

[0083] The maze channel 31 is a groove with multiple bends, and the bend direction of each bend can be arbitrary. The configuration of the maze channel 31 changes the original resonant frequency of the sub-cavity 20b, reducing the absorption of sound waves with frequencies near the original resonant frequency by the sub-cavity 20b, that is, suppressing the absorption of sound waves in the target frequency band by the sub-cavity 20b.

[0084] After the sound waves in the rear acoustic cavity 21b propagate to the secondary cavity 20b, they can enter the labyrinth channel 31 through the connection between the labyrinth channel 31 and the secondary cavity 20b. The labyrinth channel 31 also has a damping effect on the sound waves. During the propagation of the sound waves in the labyrinth channel 31, due to the multiple bends in the channel, the sound waves will continuously undergo reflection and absorption processes, which weakens the sound waves with frequencies near the resonant frequency of the labyrinth channel 31. The sound waves before and after reflection may also superimpose. Finally, the sound waves returning from the labyrinth channel 31 to the secondary cavity 20b are weakened, making it less likely for the sound waves returning to the secondary cavity 20b to superimpose with the sound waves that have just propagated from the rear acoustic cavity 21b to the secondary cavity 20b and have not yet entered the labyrinth channel 31 to form standing waves, thus achieving the purpose of suppressing the generation of standing waves. The reflection, absorption, and superposition processes of sound waves of different frequencies in the labyrinth channel 31 are different, which makes the degree of attenuation of sound waves of different frequencies after passing through the labyrinth channel 31 different. By adjusting the structure of the labyrinth channel 31, the absorption of sound waves in the sub-cavity 20b can be changed, thereby reducing the loss of sound waves in the target frequency band to a large extent and avoiding excessive attenuation of sound waves in the target frequency band, which would affect the sound quality of the speaker module 20.

[0085] like Figure 14 As shown, the maze passage 31 includes a winding passage 311, which extends in a meandering manner along a first direction X, which is the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity 21b.

[0086] In this example, the sub-cavity 20b is rectangular, and the first direction X can be the direction along the length of the sub-cavity 20b, pointing from the first end of the sub-cavity 20b to the second end.

[0087] When sound waves of any frequency pass through the bent channel 311, they will be attenuated to some extent due to losses during absorption and reflection. However, the degree of attenuation varies for different frequencies. Typically, sound waves in a certain frequency band are attenuated to a significantly greater degree than those in other frequency bands. The specific range of this frequency band is affected by the geometric parameters of the bent channel 311 and the material of the housing 21.

[0088] The meandering, extended bend channel 311 has a simple structure and is easy to design. The influence of the bend channel 311 on sound waves is affected by its geometric shape. By adjusting the geometric parameters such as the length, width, number of bends, and bend angle of the bend channel 311, the influence of the bend channel 311 on sound waves of different frequency bands can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the length and width of the bend channel 311 do not refer to the length and width of the bend channel 311 after it is straightened, but rather to the length and width in its bend shape. The length of the bend channel 311 can refer to the length of the bend channel 311 in the first direction X, and the width direction of the bend channel 311 can be the direction intersecting the first direction X in the bending plane of the bend channel 311, such as perpendicular. This facilitates simulation design during the design of the speaker module 20. Furthermore, various geometric parameters of the bend channel 311 can be used as adjustable parameters to adjust the sound quality of the speaker module, allowing for more precise adjustment of the speaker module's sound quality.

[0089] The geometric parameters of the bent channel 311 mentioned above are merely examples. The geometric parameters referred to in the embodiments of this application can be any parameters that affect the geometric shape of the bent channel 311.

[0090] As an example, the maze passage 31 includes multiple bends 311, which are arranged side by side.

[0091] exist Figure 14 In the example shown, the maze passage 31 includes two winding passages 311. In other examples, the maze passage 31 may also include one, three, or more winding passages 311.

[0092] By setting multiple bend channels 311, with different bend channels 311 corresponding to different frequency ranges, it is possible to attenuate sound waves in multiple discontinuous frequency ranges.

[0093] The frequency range corresponding to the bending channel 311 refers to the frequency range of sound waves that can be significantly weakened under the action of the bending channel 311.

[0094] The frequency range corresponding to a single bend channel 311 is limited. In an example where it is necessary to attenuate sound waves with a wide frequency range, multiple bend channels 311 are set. The frequency ranges corresponding to different bend channels 311 may or may not overlap, thereby attenuating sound waves with a wide frequency range.

[0095] Combination Figure 10The number of bends in the frequency response curve can affect the number of troughs. In this example, the maze channel 31 includes two bends, resulting in two troughs in the frequency response curve, namely trough B and trough C. By adding shallower troughs, deeper troughs are eliminated, thus making the frequency response curve flatter within a certain frequency band.

[0096] The geometric parameters of different bend channels 311 can differ, thus allowing different bend channels 311 to correspond to different frequency ranges.

[0097] As an example, among the multiple bends 311, at least two bends 311 have different lengths in the first direction X.

[0098] The longer the bending channel 311 is in the first direction X, the greater its damping and the stronger its attenuation effect on sound waves, all other geometric parameters remaining constant. By setting bending channels 311 of different lengths, different damping effects can be produced on sound waves in different frequency ranges. By adjusting the lengths of different bending channels 311, the sound quality of the speaker module can be more finely adjusted, further improving the sound quality of the speaker module.

[0099] The effect of the change in the length of the bent channel 311 may not be singular, and may also affect the frequency range corresponding to the bent channel 311. When adjusting the length of the bent channel 311, other geometric parameters are usually adjusted so that the sound-absorbing structure 30 can weaken the sound waves in the required frequency band. Here, we only explain the effect of the length of the bent channel 311 on the damping.

[0100] As another example, among the multiple bends 311, at least two bends 311 have different widths in the second direction Y. Here, the second direction Y is the direction in which the multiple bends 311 are arranged side by side, and it is also the width direction of the bends 311.

[0101] Adjusting the width of different bends in the channel 311 can also affect the influence of the sound-absorbing structure 30 on the sound waves. By adjusting the width relationship of different bends in the channel 311, the sound quality of the speaker module 20 can be adjusted more precisely, and the sound quality of the speaker module can be further improved.

[0102] For example, with Figure 14 Taking the example shown below as an example, combined with Figure 10 The frequency response curve shown can be changed by adjusting the width relationship between the two bent channels 311. Figure 10 The relative positions of troughs B and C in the graph, for example, their relative positions along the horizontal axis.

[0103] Figure 15This is a partial structural diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 15 As shown, at least one bent channel 311 exhibits a gradually varying number of bends per unit length along the first direction X. Figure 15 In the example shown, the portion of the bent channel 311 near the second end of the sub-cavity 20b has a significantly greater number of bends per unit length than the portion near the first end of the sub-cavity 20b.

[0104] For example, the unit length can be 1 centimeter or 1 millimeter, or it can be n centimeters or n millimeters, where n is a number greater than 0.

[0105] For example, the number of bends of the bending channel 311 within a unit length along the first direction X gradually increases; the number of bends of the bending channel 311 within a unit length along the first direction X gradually decreases; the number of bends of the bending channel 311 within a unit length along the first direction X first gradually increases and then gradually decreases; the number of bends of the bending channel 311 within a unit length along the first direction X first gradually decreases and then gradually increases.

[0106] As an example, at least one bend channel 311 gradually increases the number of bends per unit length along the first direction X, so that the damping within the bend channel 311 gradually increases along the first direction X.

[0107] Considering only the number of bends, the damping generated by the bending channel 311 per unit length along the first direction X is affected by the number of bends within that unit length. The more bends the bending channel 311 has per unit length, the greater the damping generated per unit length, and vice versa. By adjusting the number of bends of the bending channel 311 per unit length along the first direction X, the damping of the bending channel 311 within different length ranges along the first direction X can be changed, thereby adjusting the influence of the bending channel 311 on the sound waves and ultimately affecting the sound quality of the speaker module.

[0108] As one possible implementation, the number of bends of the bent channel 311 along the first direction X within a unit length can also remain constant, which can reduce the difficulty of design and manufacturing.

[0109] like Figure 14 As shown, multiple partitions 40 are arranged in the sub-cavity 20b, and the multiple partitions 40 and the inner wall of the sub-cavity 20b form a bent channel 311.

[0110] The partition 40 is relatively simple to design and manufacture. By setting the partition 40 to form the bent channel 311, the geometric parameters of the bent channel 311 can be changed by adjusting the size, thickness, angle between different partitions 40, and spacing. This allows for more precise adjustment of the geometric shape of the bent channel 311, thereby more precisely adjusting the influence on sound waves and further improving the sound quality of the speaker module.

[0111] The partition 40 and the housing 21 can be fixedly connected, for example, the partition 40 and the housing 21 can be welded together, and the partition 40 and the housing 21 can be integrally formed. The partition 40 and the housing 21 can also be detachably connected, for example, the inner wall of the housing 21 can have a groove, and the partition 40 can be snapped into the groove.

[0112] In some examples, all partitions 40 may be fixedly connected to the housing 21 or detachably connected to the housing 21; in other examples, some partitions 40 may be fixedly connected to the housing 21, while other partitions 40 may be detachably connected to the housing 21.

[0113] like Figure 14 As shown, the plurality of partitions 40 includes a first partition 41 and a plurality of second partitions 42. The first partition 41 is arranged along a first direction X. A portion of the plurality of second partitions 42 is located on one side of the first partition 41, and another portion of the plurality of second partitions 42 is located on the other side of the second partition 42, so as to form bent channels 311 on both sides of the first partition 41.

[0114] On the same side of the first partition 41, the second partitions 42 are alternately distributed along the first direction X, and adjacent second partitions 42 are staggered.

[0115] In this example, the second end of the sub-cavity 20b is divided into two parts by the first partition 41, thereby forming a bent channel 311 in each part, resulting in two bent channels 311 arranged side by side. By adjusting the position of the first partition 41 along the second direction Y, the length relationship between the two bent channels 311 can be adjusted.

[0116] In some other possible implementations, the multiple partitions 40 may include two first partitions 41 arranged side-by-side with a gap between them. A second partition 42 is distributed between the two first partitions 41 to form a bent channel 311 between them. The two side-by-side, spaced-apart first partitions 41 divide the second end of the sub-cavity 20b into three parts, forming three bent channels 311, which allows for more precise adjustment of the effect of the sound-absorbing structure 30 on sound waves.

[0117] In some possible implementations, the bent channel 311 can also be directly formed on the surface of the housing 21. For example, the housing 21 includes a first housing 213 and a second housing 214 connected together. The inner walls of the first housing 213 and the second housing 214 can each be formed with grooves. After the first housing 213 and the second housing 214 are engaged, the grooves on the inner walls of the first housing 213 and the second housing 214 are joined together to form the bent channel 311. In the example where the first housing 213 and the second housing 214 are manufactured using injection molding, the grooves on the inner walls of the first housing 213 and the second housing 214 can be formed directly during the injection molding process, which is relatively convenient.

[0118] like Figure 14 As shown, the housing 21 may also have a sound vent 20c, which may be located in the bent channel 311. For example, it may be located at the end of the bent channel 311 away from the rear acoustic cavity 21b.

[0119] Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of a speaker module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 As shown, in this example, the speaker module may also include a first damping mesh 51 located in at least one bent channel 311.

[0120] In this example, the maze passage 31 includes two bends 311, with the first damping net 51 located in the bend 311 in the second direction Y, further away from the core 22.

[0121] By setting the first damping mesh 51, additional damping can be provided, affecting the sound waves in the bent channel 311. By arranging the first damping mesh 51 in some bent channels 311 and not arranging it in others, or by arranging first damping meshes 51 with different damping in different bent channels 311, the influence of different bent channels 311 on the sound waves can be more precisely adjusted, allowing for more refined adjustment of the speaker module's sound quality and further improving sound quality.

[0122] As an example, such as Figure 16 As shown, the speaker module may further include a second damping mesh 52, which is located in the sub-cavity 20b. The second damping mesh 52 is located on the side of the sound-absorbing structure 30 near the rear acoustic cavity 21b.

[0123] The second damping mesh 52 is positioned outside the sound-absorbing structure 30, meaning it can affect each bend in the channel 311. The second damping mesh 52 is placed in the sub-cavity 20b to allow for more precise adjustment of the speaker module's sound quality.

[0124] Figure 17 yes Figure 16The frequency response curve of the speaker module shown is illustrated. For comparison... Figure 17 It is also shown in thin solid lines Figure 14 The frequency response curve of the speaker module shown is the frequency response curve of the speaker module without the first damping mesh 51 and the second damping mesh 52. The frequency response curve of a speaker module in a related art is shown as a dashed line. For example... Figure 17 As shown, comparing the two frequency response curves (thin solid line and thick solid line), after setting the first damping mesh 51 and the second damping mesh 52, the depths of troughs D and E are significantly smaller than the depths of troughs B and C. This demonstrates that setting the first damping mesh 51 and the second damping mesh 52 can make the frequency response curve of the speaker module smoother within a certain frequency range, further improving the sound quality of the speaker module. For example, in this example, the frequency response curve of the speaker module becomes smoother in the range of 500Hz to 1100Hz.

[0125] In some possible implementations, the sound-absorbing structure 30 may include a damping material. The sub-cavity 20b may contain either a damping material or a labyrinthine channel 31, or both.

[0126] In other examples, the sound-absorbing structure 30 may also include a sound-absorbing panel, which is a porous structure, that is, the surface and interior of the sound-absorbing panel have multiple holes and / or multiple channels. The holes and channels are small in size, for example, the diameter of the holes and the diameter of the channels can be less than 1 mm. The channels can be bent and extended in the sound-absorbing panel. When the sound waves propagate in the holes and channels, they cause the walls of the holes and channels to vibrate, thereby being weakened.

[0127] In this example, the sound-absorbing structure 30 includes a labyrinthine channel 31 and damping material. That is, the secondary cavity 20b may also be filled with damping material.

[0128] In some examples, the damping of the damping material changes gradually along the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity 21b. For example, the damping of the damping material gradually increases, gradually decreases, first gradually increases and then gradually decreases, and first gradually decreases and then gradually increases.

[0129] Filling the secondary cavity 20b with damping material can further improve sound quality. Different damping materials have different effects on sound quality. By arranging damping materials with varying damping, the sound quality can be adjusted more precisely.

[0130] As an example, along the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity 21b, the damping of the damping material gradually increases, so that the damping within the secondary cavity 20b gradually increases, thereby gradually weakening the sound waves.

[0131] The damping material filling the secondary cavity 20b can be a variety of damping materials or a single damping material. Since different damping materials typically have different damping properties, filling with multiple damping materials easily allows for varying damping at different locations, creating a gradual damping effect. In the example of filling with a single damping material, the gradual damping effect can be achieved by adjusting the filling density of the damping material at different locations. For example, from the first end to the second end of the secondary cavity 20b, the filling density of the damping material gradually increases, so that the damping of the filled damping material gradually increases from the first end to the second end of the secondary cavity 20b.

[0132] In some possible implementations, a damping layer may also be arranged in the housing 21 to make the frequency response curve of the speaker module smoother within a certain frequency band.

[0133] For example, the damping layer can be arranged on the inner wall of the rear acoustic cavity 21b and the inner wall of the secondary cavity 20b.

[0134] In some examples, the damping layer can be a coating formed from one or more of sound-absorbing cotton powder, glass wool particles, and Bass powder.

[0135] In some examples, the core 22 may also be surrounded by damping material, such as sound-absorbing cotton, to further improve the sound quality of the speaker module.

[0136] The above description is merely one embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A speaker module, characterized in that, The device includes a shell (21) and a core (22). The shell (21) has a main cavity (20a) and a secondary cavity (20b). The core (22) is located in the main cavity (20a) and divides the main cavity (20a) into a front sound cavity (21a) and a rear sound cavity (21b). The secondary cavity (20b) is connected to one side of the rear sound cavity (21b). The secondary cavity (20b) is provided with a sound-absorbing structure (30) for suppressing the absorption of sound waves of the target frequency band by the secondary cavity (20b).

2. The speaker module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-cavity (20b) is strip-shaped and has opposite first and second ends. The first end of the sub-cavity (20b) is connected to the rear acoustic cavity (21b), and the sound-absorbing structure (30) is close to the second end of the sub-cavity (20b).

3. The speaker module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing structure (30) includes a labyrinth channel (31) which is connected to the sub-cavity (20b).

4. The speaker module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The maze passage (31) includes a winding passage (311) that extends in a meandering manner along a first direction (X), which is a direction away from the rear acoustic cavity (21b).

5. The speaker module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The maze passage (31) includes a plurality of the bend passages (311), which are arranged side by side.

6. The speaker module according to claim 5, characterized in that, Of the plurality of the bent channels (311), at least two of the bent channels (311) have different lengths in the first direction (X).

7. The speaker module according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, Of the plurality of the bent channels (311), at least two of the bent channels (311) have different widths in the second direction (Y), which is the direction in which the plurality of bent channels (311) are arranged side by side.

8. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, At least one of the bending channels (311) has a gradually varying number of bends per unit length along the first direction (X).

9. The speaker module according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one of the bending channels (311) gradually increases the number of bends per unit length along the first direction (X).

10. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, At least one of the bending channels (311) maintains a constant number of bends per unit length along the first direction (X).

11. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that, The sub-cavity (20b) is provided with a plurality of partitions (40), which together with the inner wall of the sub-cavity (20b) form the bent channel (311).

12. The speaker module according to claim 11, characterized in that, The plurality of partitions (40) includes a first partition (41) and a plurality of second partitions (42), the first partition (41) being arranged along the first direction (X), a portion of the plurality of second partitions (42) being located on one side of the first partition (41), and another portion of the plurality of second partitions (42) being located on the other side of the second partition (42), so as to form bent channels (311) on both sides of the first partition (41).

13. The speaker module according to claim 12, characterized in that, The plurality of partitions (40) includes two first partitions (41), which are arranged side by side with a gap between them, and a second partition (42) is distributed between the two first partitions (41) to form a bent channel (311) between the two first partitions (41).

14. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that, It also includes a first damping mesh (51) located in at least one of the bending channels (311).

15. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, It also includes a second damping mesh (52), which is located in the sub-cavity (20b) and on the side of the sound-absorbing structure (30) near the rear sound cavity (21b).

16. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, A damping layer is arranged at least at one of the following locations: The inner wall of the rear acoustic cavity (21b); The inner wall of the sub-cavity (20b).

17. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The sub-cavity (20b) is filled with damping material, and the damping of the damping material gradually changes along the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity (21b).

18. The speaker module according to claim 17, characterized in that, Along the direction away from the rear acoustic cavity (21b), the damping of the damping material gradually increases.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a middle frame (10) and a speaker module as described in any one of claims 1 to 18.

Images