A fully automated stacking and receiving device for PCB board automated warehousing.

Abstract

This invention discloses a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage, relating to the field of automated storage and stacking technology. It includes a feeding belt with a fixed drive seat on one side of its discharge end; a transfer assembly mounted on the upper surface of the conveyor drive seat; a receiving belt located on the side of the transfer assembly away from the feeding belt; a truss erected on the feeding belt and the receiving belt; a robotic arm mounted on the truss for transporting materials from the transfer assembly to the receiving belt; a positioning assembly slidably disposed on the truss and located above the receiving belt; and multiple stacking assemblies arranged on the receiving belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated warehousing and stacking technology, specifically a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board warehousing. Background Technology

[0002] In the integrated system of automated production and warehousing logistics for PCB boards, the finished PCB boards need to be efficiently and without damage stored on warehouse shelves or in turnover containers in a stacked form. Currently, the receiving process at the front end of the warehouse generally adopts a bottom-up stacking method, that is, the stacked boards below are lifted to support and collide with the PCB boards above. This hard contact stacking is very likely to cause surface bumps, edge scratches and damage to components on the precision PCB boards, directly affecting the quality of warehousing and the yield of subsequent outbound shipments, becoming a quality bottleneck in the automated warehousing process.

[0003] Meanwhile, when the robotic arms connecting the conveyor line and the stacking station use suction cups for adsorption and handling, they often need to apply downward pressure to the PCB board to ensure the reliability of the gripping. This can easily cause the thin PCB board to bend and deform. For boards with soldered components, this deformation stress may cause solder joint cracks or even desoldering, resulting in hidden defects that are difficult to trace in the warehousing process, which brings significant risks to the quality control and reliability of the entire automated warehousing system.

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board warehousing, thereby solving the aforementioned issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fully automated PCB board stacking and receiving device for automated warehousing, comprising: The feed belt has a drive seat fixed on one side of its discharge end; The transfer component is installed on the upper surface of the conveyor drive unit; The receiving belt is located on the side of the transfer assembly away from the feeding belt; A truss is erected on the feeding belt and the receiving belt; A robotic arm, mounted on the truss, is used to transfer materials from the transfer assembly to the receiving conveyor belt; The positioning component is slidably mounted on the truss and located above the take-up belt; Multiple stacked components are configured and placed on the take-up conveyor belt.

[0006] Further, preferably, the relay component includes: A limiting frame is fixed on the drive seat, and it has an opening on the side facing the feed belt; Two calibration cylinders are configured and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the limiting frame; A push plate is fixed to the output end of the calibration cylinder. A slider is slidably disposed on one side of the two push plates that are close to each other; The transfer station is hinged at one end to the feeding belt by a hinge rod, and at the other end to the output end of the push cylinder by a hinge rod. The push cylinder is installed inside the drive seat.

[0007] Furthermore, preferably, the transfer station has a suspension chamber inside, the suspension chamber has multiple suspension holes, and the transfer station is hollow inside and connected to an air source device fixed in the drive seat.

[0008] Further, preferably, the positioning component includes: A drive device, mounted on the truss, is used for sliding up and down; The positioning frame is fixed on the driving device; Four guide plates are configured and installed on the four inner walls of the positioning frame; Guide ramps are formed on the upper and lower sides of the guide plate.

[0009] Further, preferably, the stacked assembly includes: The base plate is placed on the receiving belt and positioned using the guide slope of the guide plate; Two adjustment plates are configured and symmetrically slidably disposed on the base plate, and two U-shaped grooves are symmetrically opened on their side walls; Stacked components are installed within the U-shaped chute; Multiple connecting shafts are configured and fixed between two of the stacked components; Placement blocks are slidably disposed on the connecting shafts, and at least two placement blocks are configured on each connecting shaft; Adjustment blocks, mounted on the connecting shaft and located on both sides of the placement block, are used to adjust and limit the placement block; A feeding assembly is installed inside the adjustment plate and cooperates with one of the stacking assemblies; The lever is slidably mounted on the adjustment plate and connected to the feeding assembly.

[0010] Further, preferably, the stacking component includes: Multiple limiting blocks are configured and slidably arranged at equal intervals within the U-shaped groove, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the limiting blocks; Multiple connecting blocks are configured and slidably disposed at equal intervals within the U-shaped groove, and the multiple limiting blocks and connecting blocks are connected by flexible rods; The feeding block is slidably disposed within the U-shaped groove; An elastic rope is installed between the feeding block and the connecting block located at the end.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, the end of the limiting block near the feeding assembly is hinged with a limiting claw, and a torsion spring is sleeved at the hinge position.

[0012] Further, preferably, the feeding assembly includes: A fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the adjusting plate; The sliding plate is slidably mounted on one side of the fixed plate using multiple sliding shafts; A limiting plate is fixed to one end of the plurality of sliding shafts away from the sliding plate; Multiple limiting grooves are configured and formed on the side wall of the limiting plate, and cooperate with the limiting claws to limit movement; The damper is fixed to the aforementioned adjustment plate, and its output end is fixedly connected to the connecting block located at the end.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, a limiting disk is symmetrically fixed on the sliding shaft, and a spring is provided between the limiting disk and the fixing plate near the limiting plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage, which has the following advantages: This invention achieves precise positioning and stable attitude of PCB boards in mid-air through a transfer component. The robotic arm can pick up the boards with almost zero pressure, eliminating the risk of thin boards bending and solder joint cracking caused by the downward pressure of the suction cup. It completes the lossless handover from conveying to handling. Furthermore, through the descent of the positioning component, the guide plates on its four inner walls automatically fit and correct the position of the stacking component's base plate through the inclined structure, providing a unified and accurate planar reference for the subsequent stacking of all PCB boards. This ensures that each layer of boards can be aligned and stacked, guaranteeing the overall stacking accuracy. The stacking component realizes the stacking rhythm of placement and descent, with no contact between boards, completely avoiding edge bumps and component damage caused by the lower board actively rising and hitting the upper board in the traditional method. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the transfer component structure of a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board warehousing; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the positioning component structure of a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board warehousing; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the stacking component structure of a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board warehousing. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the stacking components of a fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board warehousing. Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram at point A; In the diagram: 1. Feeding belt; 2. Drive base; 3. Transfer assembly; 4. Truss; 5. Robotic arm; 6. Positioning assembly; 7. Receiving belt; 8. Stacking assembly; 31. Limiting frame; 32. Correction cylinder; 33. Push plate; 34. Sliding component; 35. Transfer platform; 36. Hinge rod one; 37. Hinge rod two; 38. Suspension chamber; 61. Positioning frame; 62. Guide plate; 63. Guide ramp; 81. Base plate; 82. 83. Adjusting plate; 84. Stacking assembly; 85. Connecting shaft; 86. Placement block; 87. Adjusting block; 88. Lever; 831. Limiting block; 832. Connecting block; 833. Flexible rod; 834. Elastic rope; 881. Fixing plate; 882. Sliding plate; 883. Limiting plate; 884. Limiting groove; 885. Sliding shaft; 886. Limiting disc; 887. Spring; 888. Damper; 8311. Limiting claw. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Reference Figures 1-6 This invention provides a technical solution: a fully automated PCB board stacking and receiving device for automated warehousing, comprising: Feeding belt 1, with drive seat 2 fixed on one side of its discharge end; Transfer component 3 is installed on the upper end face of conveyor drive base 2; The receiving belt 7 is located on the side of the transfer component 3 away from the feeding belt 1; Truss 4 is erected on the feeding belt 1 and the receiving belt 7; A robotic arm 5, mounted on the truss 4, is used to transfer materials from the transfer assembly 3 to the receiving belt 7; The positioning component 6 is slidably mounted on the truss 4 and is located above the take-up belt 7; Multiple stacked components 8 are configured and placed on the take-up belt 7.

[0017] In this embodiment, the relay component 3 includes: The limiting frame 31 is fixed on the drive seat 2, and has an opening on the side facing the feed belt 1; Two calibration cylinders 32 are configured and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the limiting frame 31; The push plate 33 is fixed at the output end of the correction cylinder 32; The slider 34 is slidably disposed on one side of the two push plates 33 that are close to each other; The transfer table 35 is hinged at one end to the feeding belt 1 by a hinge rod 36, and at the other end to the output end of the push cylinder by a hinge rod 37. The push cylinder is installed in the drive seat 2.

[0018] In other words, when the plate is conveyed to the end by the feeding belt 1, the push cylinder drives the turntable 35 to rotate around the hinge rod 36, so that its upper surface is tilted and smoothly connected with the end of the feeding belt 1. The plate slides into the channel formed by the limiting frame 31. At this time, the two correction cylinders 32 move synchronously, and the push plate 33 drives the sliding member 34 to move towards each other, so as to gently center and correct the plate in the width direction to ensure that its position is in the center.

[0019] In addition, a suspension chamber 38 is provided inside the transfer station 35, and multiple suspension holes are provided on the suspension chamber 38. The transfer station 35 is hollow inside and is connected to the air source equipment fixed in the drive seat 2.

[0020] In this system, the air source device inside the drive base 2 supplies air to the suspension chamber 38 on the transfer platform 35. The airflow is ejected from the densely distributed suspension holes on the platform, forming a uniform air cushion at the bottom of the plate, which lifts the plate as a whole, achieving non-contact suspension support. This state completely eliminates the friction between the bottom surface of the plate and the platform, creating zero-damage conditions for the robot arm to grasp it. In other words, when the robot arm 5 moves above the transfer platform 35, since the plate has been air-floated, the suction cup of the robot arm 5 does not need to apply a large downward pressure to achieve reliable adsorption, which greatly reduces the risk of bending and deformation of the plate during grasping. After adsorbing the plate, the robot arm 5 lifts it and moves laterally to a designated stacked component 8 on the receiving belt 7.

[0021] In this embodiment, the positioning component 6 includes: A drive device, mounted on the truss 4, is used for vertical sliding; Positioning frame 61 is fixed on the driving device; Four guide plates 62 are configured and installed on the four inner walls of the positioning frame 61; Guide slopes 63 are formed on the upper and lower sides of the guide plate 62.

[0022] When the driving device of the positioning component 6 is activated, the positioning frame 61 is driven to descend, and the four guide plates 62 inside the positioning frame 61 descend accordingly. When the guide slope 63 on it contacts the edge of the bottom plate 81 of the stacking component 8, it can automatically guide and finally accurately position the entire stacking component 8 on the preset position on the take-up belt 7, preparing it for stacking.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the stacked assembly 8 includes: The base plate 81 is placed on the receiving belt 7 and positioned by the guide slope 63 of the guide plate 62; Two adjusting plates 82 are configured and symmetrically slidably disposed on the base plate 81, and two U-shaped grooves are symmetrically opened on their side walls. Stacking assembly 83 is installed within the U-shaped groove; Multiple connecting shafts 84 are configured and fixed between two of the stacked components 83; Placement blocks 85 are slidably disposed on the connecting shafts 84, and at least two placement blocks 85 are configured on each connecting shaft 84; Adjusting blocks 86 are mounted on the connecting shaft 84 and located on both sides of the placement block 85, and are used to adjust and limit the placement block 85; A feeding assembly is installed inside the adjusting plate 82 and cooperates with one of the stacking assemblies 83; The lever 87 is slidably mounted on the adjusting plate 82 and is connected to the feeding assembly.

[0024] It should be noted that before use, the operator can slide the adjustment plate 82 according to the size of the plate and adjust the position of the placement block 85 by adjusting the adjustment block 86. After adjustment, the block is fixed by bolts to form a support frame that matches the size of the plate.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the stacking assembly 83 includes: Multiple limiting blocks 831 are configured and slidably disposed at equal intervals in the U-shaped groove, and the connecting shaft 84 is fixedly connected to the limiting blocks 831. Multiple connecting blocks 832 are configured and slidably disposed at equal intervals within the U-shaped groove, and the multiple limiting blocks 831 and connecting blocks 832 are connected by flexible rods 833. The feeding block is slidably disposed within the U-shaped groove; Elastic rope 834 is installed between the feeding block and the connecting block 832 located at the end.

[0026] It should be noted that the initial position of the feeding block is at the bottom of the U-shaped chute, and the feeding block is in a sliding state at this time. The connecting block 832 at the end is stacked with it, and a limiting block 831 away from the feeding block is located at a horizontal position near the top of the U-shaped chute, so that the connecting shaft 84 and the placement block 85 connected to it are the first stacked layer.

[0027] In addition, a limiting claw 8311 is hinged to one end of the limiting block 831 near the feeding assembly, and a torsion spring is sleeved at the hinge position.

[0028] Specifically, the feeding assembly includes: A fixing plate 881 is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the adjusting plate 82; The sliding plate 882 is slidably disposed on one side of the fixed plate 881 using multiple sliding shafts 885; A limiting plate 883 fixes one end of the plurality of sliding shafts 885 away from the sliding plate 882; Multiple limiting grooves 884 are configured and formed on the side wall of the limiting plate 883, and cooperate with the limiting claw 8311 for limiting; The damper 888 is fixed on the adjustment plate 82, and its output end is fixedly connected to the connecting block 832 located at the end.

[0029] It should be noted that the limiting groove 884 and the limiting claw 8311 together form a ratchet structure, which hard limits the upward sliding of the limiting block 831 and soft limits the downward sliding.

[0030] In other words, when the first plate is placed on the first stack layer, the increased weight breaks the soft limit, causing the limit block 831 to slide downwards and the limit claw 8311 to softly limit the next limit groove 884. At this time, the second limit block 831 is located at a horizontal position near the top of the U-shaped slide groove and softly limits the first limit groove 884. Thus, the weight is balanced and offset by the two soft limits, thereby completing the stacking of multiple plates. It should be noted that in order to break the weight balance when the first plate is placed, the weight of the multiple limit blocks 831 can be adjusted accordingly, so that when the soft limit is not applied, the first limit block 831 can drive the other limit blocks 831 and connecting block 832 to slide.

[0031] In addition, a limiting disk 886 is symmetrically fixed on the sliding shaft 885, and a spring 887 is provided between the limiting disk 886 and the fixing plate 881 near the limiting plate 883.

[0032] In other words, the spring 887 can move the limiting plate 883 closer to the limiting claw 8311, thereby enabling the limiting claw 8311 and the limiting groove 884 to complete the limiting.

[0033] It should be noted that when material needs to be picked up, the feeding block is pulled to contact the bottom of the U-shaped chute and is limited by bolts. At this time, the elastic rope 834 generates tension on multiple connecting blocks 832 and limiting blocks 831. When picking up material, the external reciprocating cylinder pushes the lever 87 back and forth, thereby driving the sliding plate 882 to slide. The sliding plate 882 causes the limiting plate 883 to slide through the sliding shaft 885, completing intermittent reciprocating motion. This causes the limiting groove 884 to intermittently disengage from the limiting claw 8311, thereby allowing multiple plates to be conveyed upwards in sequence, and the robot arm to complete the automatic unloading operation.

[0034] In practice, the device is arranged in sequence along the PCB board flow direction, with a feeding belt 1, a transfer component 3, and a receiving belt 7. A truss 4 spans across it, and a robot arm 5 (such as a multi-axis robot arm with a vacuum suction cup) is installed on the truss 4. It should be noted that the truss 4 is equipped with at least a walking mechanism to drive the robot arm 5 to move laterally. Multiple stacked components 8 are pre-placed on the receiving belt 7. The positioning component 6 is initially positioned at a high position by the drive device. Later, when the stacked components 8 are below the positioning component 6, the positioning component 6 moves down by the drive device to position the base plate 81 of the stacked components 8. At this time, the robot arm only needs to perform two-point fixed-point movement between the transfer component 3 and the stacked components 8 to pick up and stack materials, providing quality control and yield assurance for automated warehousing.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage, characterized in that, include: The feed belt has a drive seat fixed on one side of its discharge end; The transfer component is installed on the upper surface of the drive unit; The receiving belt is located on the side of the transfer assembly away from the feeding belt; A truss is erected on the feeding belt and the receiving belt; A robotic arm, mounted on the truss, is used to transfer materials from the transfer assembly to the receiving conveyor belt; The positioning component is slidably mounted on the truss and located above the take-up belt; Multiple stacked components are configured and placed on the take-up conveyor belt; The positioning component includes: A drive device, mounted on the truss, is used for sliding up and down; The positioning frame is fixed on the driving device; Four guide plates are configured and installed on the four inner walls of the positioning frame; Guide ramps are formed on the upper and lower sides of the guide plate; The stacked assembly includes: The base plate is placed on the receiving belt and positioned using the guide slope of the guide plate; Two adjustment plates are configured and symmetrically slidably disposed on the base plate, and two U-shaped grooves are symmetrically opened on their side walls; Stacked components are installed within the U-shaped chute; Multiple connecting shafts are configured and fixed between two of the stacked components; Placement blocks are slidably disposed on the connecting shafts, and at least two placement blocks are configured on each connecting shaft; Adjustment blocks, mounted on the connecting shaft and located on both sides of the placement block, are used to adjust and limit the placement block; A feeding assembly is installed inside the adjustment plate and cooperates with one of the stacking assemblies; A lever is slidably mounted on the adjustment plate and connected to the feeding assembly; The stacking component includes: Multiple limiting blocks are configured and slidably arranged at equal intervals within the U-shaped groove, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the limiting blocks; Multiple connecting blocks are configured and slidably disposed at equal intervals within the U-shaped groove, and the multiple limiting blocks and connecting blocks are connected by flexible rods; The feeding block is slidably disposed within the U-shaped groove; An elastic rope is installed between the feeding block and the connecting block located at the end; The limiting block is hinged to a limiting claw at one end near the feeding assembly, and a torsion spring is sleeved at the hinge position. The feeding assembly includes: A fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the adjusting plate; The sliding plate is slidably mounted on one side of the fixed plate using multiple sliding shafts; A limiting plate is fixed to one end of the plurality of sliding shafts away from the sliding plate; Multiple limiting grooves are configured and formed on the side wall of the limiting plate, and cooperate with the limiting claws to limit movement; The damper is fixed to the aforementioned adjustment plate, and its output end is fixedly connected to the connecting block located at the end.

2. The fully automatic stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relay component includes: A limiting frame is fixed on the drive seat, and it has an opening on the side facing the feed belt; Two calibration cylinders are configured and symmetrically fixed on both sides of the limiting frame; A push plate is fixed to the output end of the calibration cylinder. A slider is slidably disposed on one side of the two push plates that are close to each other; The transfer station is hinged at one end to the feeding belt by a hinge rod, and at the other end to the output end of the push cylinder by a hinge rod. The push cylinder is installed inside the drive seat.

3. The fully automatic stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transfer station has a suspension chamber with multiple suspension holes, and the transfer station is hollow and connected to an air source device fixed in the drive seat.

4. The fully automatic stacking and receiving device for automated PCB board storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting plate is symmetrically fixed on the sliding shaft, and a spring is provided between the limiting plate and the fixing plate near the limiting plate.

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