Bridge cover installation apparatus

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bridge floor construction, and particularly relates to a bridge cover plate mounting device, which comprises a middle hanger capable of being connected with embedded bolts of a cover plate, a side hanger rotatably arranged on each side of the middle hanger, and the top end height of the middle hanger being greater than that of the side hanger; a lifting belt, the end of which can be connected to a fork arm of a forklift after sequentially passing through the bottom of the top end of one side hanger, the top of the middle hanger and the bottom of the top end of the other side hanger; and the two side hangers are longitudinally symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the middle hanger, and the middle hanger and the side hangers are both arranged in a structure with adjustable length, and the side hangers will rotate towards the middle hanger under the action of the lifting belt during lifting of the cover plate until the side hangers are in a vertical state. The application has the advantages of convenient cover plate mounting, high efficiency and high precision, and can solve the defects of inconvenient alignment adjustment, low efficiency and low precision in the prior art.

Description

A bridge shield installation device Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge deck construction technology; specifically, this invention relates to a bridge canopy installation device. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge screens are concrete or metal components installed on the sides or central median of bridges to conceal the substructure and pipelines, serving both safety and aesthetic purposes. Their main functions include preventing falling objects, obstructing views, protecting pipelines, preventing corrosion, and enhancing aesthetics. Currently, most bridge screens are prefabricated (factory-produced), transported by truck to the bridge site, and then installed.

[0003] When installing bridge canopies, a combination of forklifts and manual labor is a common method. This involves using a forklift to connect slings and attaching lifting rings to the pre-embedded bolts on the canopy. The slings are then passed through the lifting rings for hoisting. After the canopy is hoisted to the designated position, bridge workers use pry bars to adjust it, or relay information to the forklift driver, who then adjusts the canopy until the pre-embedded bolt holes on the canopy align with the pre-embedded bolts on the bridge's main structure. The canopy is then lowered and secured with mounting bolts.

[0004] During the entire process of installing a bridge cover, the most time-consuming, safety-hazardous, and complex operations are adjusting the position of the cover, leveling it, and aligning the pre-embedded bolt holes with the pre-embedded bolts. Therefore, this application provides a bridge cover installation device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a bridge shield installation device, thereby solving or at least alleviating the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a bridge cover installation device, comprising: a central hanger capable of connecting to pre-embedded bolts of the cover; side hangers, one of which is rotatably disposed on each side of the central hanger, wherein the top height of the central hanger is greater than the top height of the side hangers; and a lifting strap, the end of which passes sequentially through the bottom of the top of one side hanger, the top of the central hanger, and the bottom of the top of the other side hanger before being connected to the fork arm of a forklift; the two side hangers are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central hanger longitudinally along the cover, and both the central hanger and the side hangers are configured with adjustable length structures. When lifting the cover, the side hangers rotate toward the central hanger under the tension of the lifting straps until the side hangers are in a vertical state.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes: a friction block disposed directly above the movable portion of the central hanger, with the sling passing below the friction block; an elastic preload assembly disposed on the movable portion of the central hanger, with the friction block connected to the elastic preload assembly; and a push rod mounted on the movable portion of the side hanger, wherein when the side hanger rotates toward the central hanger, the push rod presses the elastic preload assembly toward the central hanger, thereby providing an elastic clamping force for pressing the friction block onto the sling.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic preload assembly includes: a spring, the top end of which is connected to the end of the friction block; a lifting block, which is slidably disposed at the end of the friction block in the height direction, and the bottom end of the spring is connected to the lifting block; a sliding plate, one on each side of the lifting block along the longitudinal direction of the baffle, the sliding plate being slidably mounted on the movable part of the middle hanger in the longitudinal direction, and when the side hanger rotates towards the middle hanger, the top rod pushes the sliding plate to move towards the middle hanger; and a rotating rod, one for each sliding plate, the top end of the rotating rod being rotatably connected to the sliding plate, and the bottom end of the rotating rod being rotatably connected to the lifting block.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes: a secondary pressure rod disposed on the elastic preload assembly, and one secondary pressure rod is disposed on each side of the friction block; a secondary pressure plate disposed on the elastic preload assembly; when the top rod passes vertically upward on the elastic preload assembly through the secondary pressure plate, it drives the secondary pressure rod to press against the top of the friction block.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the friction block is arc-shaped, the secondary pressure plate is a right trapezoid with the tip pointing downwards, and when the side hanger is rotated to a vertical position, the end of the top rod away from the side hanger is located directly below the hypotenuse of the secondary pressure plate.

[0011] Preferably, the top rod is slidably sleeved on the movable part of the side hanger in the height direction; the bridge cover plate installation device also includes an upper top nut, one of which is threaded on each of the two side hangers, and the upper top nut can push the top rod to move upward.

[0012] Preferably, the middle hanger includes: a middle base plate, which can be connected to the pre-embedded bolts of the cover plate; a middle fixed frame, which is fixedly installed on the middle base plate; a middle movable frame, which is slidably disposed on the middle fixed frame in the height direction; a middle threaded sleeve, which is fixedly installed on the middle fixed frame; and a middle threaded rod, the bottom end of which is threadedly connected to the middle threaded sleeve, and the middle movable frame is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the middle threaded rod.

[0013] Preferably, the side hanger includes: a side base plate, rotatably mounted on the bottom of the side of the middle hanger; a side fixed bracket, fixedly mounted on the side base plate; a side movable bracket, slidably mounted on the side fixed bracket in the height direction; a side threaded sleeve, fixedly mounted on the side base plate; and a side screw, the bottom end of which is threadedly engaged with the side threaded sleeve, and the side movable bracket is movably sleeved outside the side screw.

[0014] Preferably, the side lead screw is a bidirectional lead screw, the upper top nut is threadedly engaged with the part of the side lead screw located above the side lead sleeve, a top sleeve is rotatably connected above the upper top nut, the top sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side lead screw, and the top rod is fixedly connected to the top sleeve, and the thread pitch of the side lead screw threadedly engaged with the upper top nut is less than the thread pitch of the side lead screw threadedly engaged with the side lead sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, both the top of the central hanger and the side hanger are provided with pulleys, and the surface of the pulleys is provided with annular grooves for accommodating the slings.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. When lifting the cover plate, the cover plate can automatically find its balance under its own weight, thereby greatly alleviating the problem of one-sided weight distribution of the sling and improving the stability and safety of lifting the cover plate.

[0018] 2. When the lifting shield is suspended in the air, the elastic preload component applies elastic pressure to the friction blocks, allowing them to press firmly against the slings. The friction blocks increase the resistance to sliding of the slings on the central and side supports, improving stability and safety during lifting. Simultaneously, since the pressure on the friction blocks is elastic, and the shield automatically balances itself under its own weight, this does not affect the shield's automatic balancing function.

[0019] 3. Before lowering the cover plate, bridge deck workers can directly measure the condition of the cover plate and adjust the side hanger located on the same side as the higher end of the cover plate to extend the side hanger, thereby moving the side hanger upward and reducing the height of the higher end of the cover plate, so that bridge deck workers can directly level the cover plate.

[0020] 4. During the initial process of lowering the cover plate so that the pre-embedded bolt holes on the cover plate are fitted with the pre-embedded bolts on the main structure of the bridge, the bridge deck workers can directly adjust the shortening of the middle hanger to make the cover plate move downward in a stable posture. This process can be directly controlled and operated by the bridge deck workers, which can greatly reduce the impact caused by the misalignment of the pre-embedded bolt holes and pre-embedded bolts, improve the stability and safety of the cover plate lowering, and more effectively protect the cover plate.

[0021] 5. During the process of leveling and lowering the cover plate by bridge deck workers, the friction block is stably pressed onto the sling by the cooperation of the secondary pressure rod and the secondary pressure plate, thereby locking the sling onto the middle hanger. This ensures that the sling will not slip during the leveling and lowering of the cover plate, thus improving the accuracy of leveling and lowering the cover plate.

[0022] 6. During the installation of the cover plate, the alignment operation is entirely controlled by the bridge deck workers responsible for installing the cover plate. There is no need for bridge deck workers and forklift drivers to exchange adjustment information, making the alignment adjustment of the cover plate more efficient and effective. The leveling operation and initial lowering of the cover plate mean that the process of fitting the pre-embedded bolt holes into the pre-embedded bolts on the bridge main structure only requires bridge deck workers to adjust the length of the side hangers and the center hanger. Compared with the existing technology that uses pry bars, the operation is more time-saving and labor-saving, and the adjustment range is more controllable and precise. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The disclosure of this invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the bridge shield installation device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a partial schematic diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 1;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanger in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the hidden middle hanger in Figure 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled side hanger of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1-Middle hanger; 101-Middle base plate; 102-Middle fixed frame; 103-Middle movable frame; 104-Middle threaded sleeve; 105-Middle threaded rod; 106-Through hole; 2-Side hanger; 201-Side base plate; 202-Side fixed frame; 203-Side movable frame; 204-Side threaded sleeve; 205-Side threaded rod; 3-Hanging strap; 4-Friction block; 5-Elastic preload assembly; 501-Spring; 502-Lifting block; 503-Slide plate; 504-Rotating rod; 505-Guide rod; 6-Top rod; 7-Secondary pressure rod; 8-Secondary pressure plate; 9-Top nut; 10-Top sleeve; 11-Pulley; 12-Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a bridge cover plate installation device, including a central hanger 1, side hangers 2, and slings 3. The central hanger 1 can be connected to the pre-embedded bolts of the cover plate. The central hanger 1 is provided with through holes 106 for the pre-embedded bolts of the cover plate to pass through. The pre-embedded bolts are fitted through the through holes 106, and connecting nuts are installed on the top of the pre-embedded bolts to connect the central hanger 1 to the cover plate.

[0032] One side hanger 2 is rotatably installed on each side of the central hanger 1, and the top height of the central hanger 1 is greater than the top height of the side hanger 2. The two side hangers 2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central hanger 1 along the longitudinal direction of the cover plate. The central hanger 1 and the side hangers 2 together provide three force points for hoisting the cover plate.

[0033] The end of the sling 3 passes sequentially through the bottom of the top of one side hanger 2, the top of the middle hanger 1, and the bottom of the top of the other side hanger 2 before connecting to the forklift's fork arm. Both ends of the sling 3 have mounting holes for fitting onto the fork arm. After passing the middle hanger 1 and the side hangers 2, the sling 3 forms a "W" shape, where the side hangers 2 are subjected to an upward pulling force from the sling 3, while the middle hanger 1 is subjected to a downward pressure from the sling 3.

[0034] During the hoisting of the shield, the cooperation between the side hangers 2 and the central hanger 1, by providing different stress points, can improve the stability of the shield hoisting, effectively reduce swaying during the hoisting process, and improve the safety of the shield hoisting. When lifting the shield off the ground, the sling 3 can slide between the central hanger 1 and the side hangers 2, allowing the shield to automatically find its balance using gravity, avoiding one-sided weight distribution on the sling 3, thus improving the stability and safety of the shield hoisting.

[0035] Both the central hanger 1 and the side hanger 2 are equipped with structures whose length can be adjusted. When hoisting the cover plate, the side hanger 2 will rotate towards the central hanger 1 under the tension of the sling 3 until the side hanger 2 is in a vertical state.

[0036] During the installation of the cover, extending the side hanger 2 at the higher end of the cover reduces the height of that end, effectively leveling the cover. After leveling, shortening the central hanger 1 allows the cover to be smoothly lowered in its leveled state until the pre-embedded bolt holes on the cover are fitted with the pre-embedded bolts on the main bridge structure. Then, the forklift driver lowers the cover as a whole using the forklift arms.

[0037] In this embodiment, during the installation of the cover plate, the leveling operation of the cover plate can be directly performed by the bridge deck workers operating the side hanger 2. Since the bridge deck workers can directly observe and measure the state of the cover plate, the adjustment is more intuitive, more accurate, and more convenient. After the cover plate is leveled, the initial process of fitting the pre-embedded bolt holes on the cover plate with the pre-embedded bolts from the bridge deck is directly performed by the bridge deck workers operating the middle hanger 1. Since the bridge deck workers can more intuitively observe the fitting process, the fitting operation is more convenient and safer, greatly mitigating the collision phenomenon caused by misalignment or deviation between the pre-embedded bolts on the main bridge structure and the pre-embedded bolt holes on the cover plate during the fitting operation.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1, the bridge shield installation device of this embodiment also includes a friction block 4, an elastic preload assembly 5, and a top rod 6. The sling 3 passes under the friction block 4, and the friction block 4 is slidably installed above the movable part of the intermediate hanger 1 in the height direction. By moving the friction block 4 downward and pressing it against the top of the sling 3, the sling 3 can be prevented from slipping on the intermediate hanger 1, thereby improving the stability and safety of the suspended shield.

[0039] The elastic preload assembly 5 is installed on the movable part of the middle hanger 1. The friction block 4 is connected to the elastic preload assembly 5. The top rod 6 is installed on the movable part of the side hanger 2. When the side hanger 2 rotates towards the middle hanger 1, the top rod 6 presses the elastic preload assembly 5 towards the middle hanger 1, so that the elastic preload assembly 5 provides elastic clamping force for the friction block 4 to be pressed on the sling 3.

[0040] The elastic force exerted by the elastic preload assembly 5 on the friction block 4 comes from the weight of the cover plate. During the lifting of the cover plate, the side hanger 2 rotates towards the central hanger 1 under the tension of the sling 3. As the top rod 6 rotates with the side hanger 2, it applies pressure to the elastic preload assembly 5, which in turn applies a downward elastic force to the friction block 4. After being subjected to the pressure of the elastic preload assembly 5, the friction block 4 applies pressure to the sling 3.

[0041] After the shield is suspended, the pressure on the friction block 4 is an elastic force, allowing the sling 3 to slide on the central hanger 1 and side hanger 2 even under significant pressure. This enables the shield to automatically find its balance under its own weight. During hoisting, the friction block 4 provides friction to the sling 3, improving the stability and safety of the hoisted shield. Especially during hoisting, the sling 3's "W" shape greatly reduces the slippage of the sling 3 between the central hanger 1 and side hanger 2 during slight swaying.

[0042] Before the shield is suspended, and when the side hanger 2 is pulled by the sling 3, the reaction force of the elastic preload component 5 is applied to the side hanger 2 through the top rod 6, so that the side hanger 2 can stay in the inclined state for a longer time during the tightening of the sling 3. During this process, the distance between the side hanger 2 and the middle hanger 1 is relatively large, so that the slope of the sling 3 between the side hanger 2 and the middle hanger 1 is gentler, which makes it easier for the sling 3 to slide, and has the effect of making the middle hanger 1 and the side hanger 2 centered on the sling 3.

[0043] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the elastic preload assembly 5 includes a spring 501, a lifting block 502, a sliding plate 503, and a rotating rod 504. The top end of the spring 501 is connected to the end of the friction block 4. The lifting block 502 is slidably disposed at the end of the friction block 4 in the height direction, and the bottom end of the spring 501 is connected to the lifting block 502. A guide rod 505 is fixedly disposed on the top of the lifting block 502, and the top end of the guide rod 505 slidably passes through the end of the friction block 4. The spring 501 is sleeved on the guide rod 505.

[0044] A slide plate 503 is provided on each side of the lifting block 502 along the longitudinal direction of the cover plate. The slide plate 503 is slidably mounted on the movable part of the central hanger 1 in the longitudinal direction. When the side hanger 2 rotates towards the central hanger 1, the top rod 6 pushes the slide plate 503 to move towards the central hanger 1. A rotating rod 504 is provided for each slide plate 503. The top end of the rotating rod 504 is rotatably connected to the slide plate 503, and the bottom end of the rotating rod 504 is rotatably connected to the lifting block 502.

[0045] When the slide plate 503 moves toward the central hanger 1, it pushes the lifting block 502 downward through the rotating rod 504. The lifting block 502 then pulls the spring 501 downward, thereby creating a downward elastic force on the friction block 4.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4, the bridge shield installation device of this embodiment also includes a secondary pressure rod 7 and a secondary pressure plate 8. The secondary pressure rod 7 is set on the elastic preload assembly 5, and one secondary pressure rod 7 is set on each side of the friction block 4. The secondary pressure plate 8 is set on the elastic preload assembly 5. When the top rod 6 passes vertically upward on the elastic preload assembly 5 through the secondary pressure plate 8, it drives the secondary pressure rod 7 to press against the top of the friction block 4.

[0047] Optionally, the secondary pressure rod 7 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 503, and in the transverse direction of the cover plate, the two ends of the secondary pressure rod 7 fix the two slide plates 503 together as a whole. The secondary pressure plate 8 is fixedly installed on the side of the slide plate 503 facing the side hanger 2.

[0048] During the leveling process of the baffle, the top rod 6 is first moved upwards. As the top rod 6 moves towards one end of the central hanger 1 and onto the secondary pressure plate 8, it pushes the sliding plate 503 further towards the central hanger 1. The sliding plate 503 then drives the secondary pressure rod 7 to move towards the friction block 4 until the secondary pressure rod 7 presses down on the top of the friction block 4. At this point, under the weight of the baffle, the friction block 4 cannot detach from the lifting strap 3, thus locking the lifting strap 3. This prevents the lifting strap 3 from slipping during the leveling process of the baffle, improving the leveling accuracy.

[0049] Especially during the leveling process of the baffle, the elongated side hanger 2 will rise relative to the sling 3, thereby raising the side hanging point, while the other side hanger 2 remains in a stable state. This ensures that the top rod 6 on the other side remains in a stable state of pressing the secondary pressure plate 8, thus ensuring that the sling 3 is in a locked state.

[0050] During the process of lowering the cover plate by shortening the middle hanger 1, the elastic pre-compression component 5 and the friction block 4 will move down synchronously with the moving part of the middle hanger 1, and the top rod 6 will also move up on the secondary pressure plate 8. As a result, the sling 3 is locked, which can ensure that the cover plate moves vertically downward during the lowering process, thus improving the lowering accuracy and safety.

[0051] Optionally, the top of the friction block 4 is arc-shaped, the secondary pressure plate 8 is a right trapezoid with the tip pointing downwards, and when the side hanger 2 is rotated to the vertical position, the end of the top rod 6 away from the side hanger 2 is located directly below the hypotenuse of the secondary pressure plate 8.

[0052] Optionally, the top rod 6 is slidably sleeved on the movable part of the side hanger 2 in the height direction; the bridge cover plate installation equipment also includes an upper top nut 9, which is threadedly installed on both side hangers 2, and the upper top nut 9 can push the top rod 6 to move upward. By rotating the upper top nut 9, the top rod 6 is pushed upward, so that the secondary pressure rod 7 is pressed against the top of the friction block 4, locking the sling 3.

[0053] As shown in Figure 3, the middle hanger 1 includes: a middle base plate 101, which can be connected to the pre-embedded bolts of the cover plate; a middle fixed frame 102, which is fixedly installed on the middle base plate 101; a middle movable frame 103, which is slidably arranged on the middle fixed frame 102 in the height direction; a middle threaded sleeve 104, which is fixedly installed on the middle fixed frame 102; and a middle threaded rod 105, the bottom end of which is threadedly connected to the middle threaded sleeve 104, and the middle movable frame 103 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the middle threaded rod 105.

[0054] Rotating the lead screw 105 causes it to move downwards, allowing the movable frame 103 to be lowered continuously, thereby shortening the hanging frame 1. This process is applied to the operation of lowering the cover plate.

[0055] As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the side hanger 2 includes: a side base plate 201, which is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the side of the middle hanger 1; a side fixed frame 202, which is fixedly mounted on the side base plate 201; a side movable frame 203, which is slidably mounted on the side fixed frame 202 in the height direction; a side threaded sleeve 204, which is fixedly mounted on the side base plate 201; and a side screw 205, the bottom end of which is threadedly engaged with the side threaded sleeve 204, and the side movable frame 203 is movably sleeved on the outside of the side screw 205.

[0056] Rotating the side lead screw 205 causes it to move upward, extending the side hanger 2. This process is applied to the leveling operation of the baffle.

[0057] Optionally, the side screw 205 is a bidirectional screw, and the upper nut 9 is threadedly engaged with the part of the side screw 205 located above the side sleeve 204. A top sleeve 10 is rotatably connected above the upper nut 9. The top sleeve 10 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side screw 205, and the top rod 6 is fixedly connected to the top sleeve 10.

[0058] During the process of rotating the upper nut 9 to move the top sleeve 10 upward, the rotation direction of the upper nut 9 is the same as the downward rotation direction of the side screw 205. In the initial state, the side hanger 2 is in its shortest state. At this time, the side screw 205 cannot continue to move downward. Therefore, during the process of rotating the upper nut 9 to move the top sleeve 10 upward, the side screw 205 will not rotate.

[0059] The thread pitch of the side screw 205 and the upper nut 9 is less than the thread pitch of the side screw 205 and the side sleeve 204. When the side screw 205 is rotated to extend the side hanger 2, the top rod 6 will continue to move upward, ensuring that the top rod 6 effectively squeezes the secondary pressure plate 8 and that the side hanger 2 has a sufficient extension distance.

[0060] Optionally, pulleys 11 are provided at the top of both the central hanger 1 and the side hanger 2. The surface of the pulleys 11 is provided with annular grooves 12 for accommodating the slings 3. The pulleys 11 are provided so that during the automatic balancing and lowering process of the cover plate, the pulleys 11 can reduce friction by rolling, thereby increasing the resistance encountered during automatic balancing and lowering.

[0061] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the above specification. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A bridge shield installation device, characterized in that, include: The middle hanger (1) can be connected to the pre-embedded bolts of the cover plate; Side hangers (2) are rotatably provided on both sides of the middle hanger (1), and the top height of the middle hanger (1) is greater than the top height of the side hangers (2); slings (3) are provided, the ends of which pass through the bottom of the top of one side hanger (2), the top of the middle hanger (1), and the bottom of the top of the other side hanger (2) in sequence, and can be connected to the fork arm of the forklift; the two side hangers (2) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle hanger (1) in the longitudinal direction of the cover, and both the middle hanger (1) and the side hangers (2) are provided with a structure that can adjust the length. When the cover is lifted, the side hangers (2) will rotate towards the middle hanger (1) under the tension of the slings (3) until the side hangers (2) are in a vertical state.

2. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Friction block (4) is positioned directly above the movable part of the middle hanger (1), and the sling (3) passes under the friction block (4); elastic preload assembly (5) is positioned on the movable part of the middle hanger (1), and the friction block (4) is connected to the elastic preload assembly (5); top rod (6) is mounted on the movable part of the side hanger (2), and when the side hanger (2) rotates toward the middle hanger (1), the top rod (6) presses the elastic preload assembly (5) toward the middle hanger (1), so that the elastic preload assembly (5) provides elastic clamping force for the friction block (4) to press against the sling (3).

3. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic preload assembly (5) includes: a spring (501), the top end of which is connected to the end of the friction block (4); a lifting block (502), which is slidably disposed at the end of the friction block (4) in the height direction, and the bottom end of the spring (501) is connected to the lifting block (502); a sliding plate (503), which is provided on both sides of the lifting block (502) along the longitudinal direction of the cover plate, and the sliding plate (503) is slidably mounted on the movable part of the middle hanger (1) in the longitudinal direction. When the side hanger (2) rotates toward the middle hanger (1), the top rod (6) pushes the sliding plate (503) to move toward the middle hanger (1); and a rotating rod (504), which is provided for each sliding plate (503), the top end of the rotating rod (504) is rotatably connected to the sliding plate (503), and the bottom end of the rotating rod (504) is rotatably connected to the lifting block (502).

4. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A secondary pressure rod (7) is provided on the elastic preload assembly (5), and one secondary pressure rod (7) is provided on each side of the friction block (4); a secondary pressure plate (8) is provided on the elastic preload assembly (5); when the top rod (6) passes vertically upward on the elastic preload assembly (5) through the secondary pressure plate (8), it drives the secondary pressure rod (7) to press against the top of the friction block (4).

5. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the friction block (4) is arc-shaped, the secondary pressure plate (8) is a right trapezoid with the tip pointing downwards, and when the side hanger (2) is rotated to the vertical state, the end of the top rod (6) away from the side hanger (2) is located directly below the hypotenuse of the secondary pressure plate (8).

6. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The top rod (6) is slidably sleeved on the movable part of the side hanger (2) in the height direction; the bridge cover plate installation device also includes an upper top nut (9), one of which is threaded on each of the two side hangers (2), and the upper top nut (9) can push the top rod (6) to move upward.

7. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The middle hanger (1) includes: a middle base plate (101) that can be connected to the pre-embedded bolts of the cover plate; a middle fixed frame (102) that is fixedly installed on the middle base plate (101); a middle movable frame (103) that is slidably arranged on the middle fixed frame (102) in the height direction; a middle thread sleeve (104) that is fixedly installed on the middle fixed frame (102); and a middle thread screw (105) whose bottom end is threadedly connected to the middle thread sleeve (104), and the middle movable frame (103) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the middle thread screw (105).

8. The bridge shield installation device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The side hanger (2) includes: a side base plate (201), which is rotatably installed on the bottom of the side of the middle hanger (1); a side fixed frame (202), which is fixedly installed on the side base plate (201); a side movable frame (203), which is slidably installed on the side fixed frame (202) in the height direction; a side threaded sleeve (204), which is fixedly installed on the side base plate (201); and a side screw (205), the bottom end of which is threadedly engaged with the side threaded sleeve (204), and the side movable frame (203) is movably sleeved on the outside of the side screw (205).

9. A bridge shield installation device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The side lead screw (205) is a bidirectional lead screw. The upper nut (9) and the side lead screw (205) are partially threaded together above the side sleeve (204). A top sleeve (10) is rotatably connected above the upper nut (9). The top sleeve (10) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side lead screw (205). The top rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top sleeve (10). The thread pitch of the side lead screw (205) threaded together with the upper nut (9) is smaller than the thread pitch of the side lead screw (205) threaded together with the side sleeve (204).

10. A bridge shield installation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the top of the middle hanger (1) and the side hanger (2) are provided with pulleys (11), and the surface of the pulleys (11) is provided with an annular groove (12) for accommodating the sling (3).

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