Soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mine engineering supporting, and discloses soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting equipment which comprises a main body frame, an upper frame is fixedly connected to the top of the main body frame, anchor net bodies are detachably connected to the inner side of the main body frame and the inner side of the upper frame, and a bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body frame; a self-adaptive adjusting mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the main body frame, a side face supporting mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the main body frame, and the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism comprises a supporting plate. The U-shaped frame is installed on the supporting plate, the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the U-shaped frame, the bottom of the support is rotationally connected with the two connecting rods, the two connecting rods are connected with the lever, when one side of the top of the support collapses and is pressed downwards, the downward pressure on one side can be converted into supporting force on the other side through the lever, and therefore the supporting force of the soft rock chamber can be adjusted according to deformation of the soft rock chamber. And self-adaptive support is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine engineering support, in particular to a soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous increase of mining depth of mineral resources, the continuous expansion of the construction scale of underground traffic tunnels and water conservancy and hydropower chambers, the support problem of soft rock chambers has become a core bottleneck restricting the safety and efficiency of engineering. Soft rock has inherent defects such as low strength, high porosity, easy softening and disintegration when encountering water, and creep characteristics. After the disturbance of chamber excavation, it is easy to cause large deformation, collapse and other geological disasters, which seriously threatens the safety of construction personnel and causes huge economic losses.

[0003] The existing part of the soft rock chamber anchor net supporting equipment is mainly composed of an anchor rod drilling machine, an anchor net laying mechanism, a hydraulic component and a positioning assembly. When working, the positioning assembly is fixed in the chamber section to be supported by the hydraulic propulsion component, the anchor rod drilling machine completes the anchor rod drilling, installation and anchoring operation according to the preset parameters, at the same time, the anchor net laying mechanism expands the metal mesh and is tightly connected with the end of the anchor rod, and finally forms an anchor rod and metal mesh collaborative supporting system to realize effective reinforcement of the soft rock chamber surrounding rock.

[0004] In the prior art, the current mainstream anchor net supporting equipment adopts a rigid supporting structure design, and the anchoring force, supporting spacing and mesh tension of the support are fixed after installation and cannot be adjusted in real time according to the deformation rate, deformation amount and surrounding rock stress change at different stages after the soft rock chamber is excavated. The deformation process of the soft rock chamber has obvious timeliness and uncertainty, and therefore a soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting equipment is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting equipment, which solves the problem that the equipment can adaptively support the deformation of the soft rock chamber.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: A soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting device, comprising a main frame, the top of the main frame is fixedly connected with an upper frame, the inner side of the main frame and the inner side of the upper frame are detachably connected with an anchor net body, the bottom of the main frame is fixedly connected with a bottom plate, the inner side of the main frame is provided with a self-adaptive adjusting mechanism, the side wall of the main frame is provided with a side support mechanism, the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism comprises a support plate, the support plate is fixedly connected on the side wall of the main frame, the top of the support plate is connected with a U-shaped frame through bolts, the top of the U-shaped frame is provided with a hydraulic assembly, the top of the hydraulic assembly is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the top of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a fixed seat, the inside of the fixed seat is rotatably connected with a lever, the both ends of the lever are rotatably connected with connecting rods, and the connecting rods are rotatably connected with the bottom of the upper frame.

[0007] Preferably, the side support mechanism comprises a scale rod, the scale rod penetrates in the support plate, the bottom of the scale rod is fixedly connected with a connecting seat, the inside of the connecting seat is rotatably connected with a bent rod, the outside of the bent rod is rotatably connected with the side wall of the main frame, and the inside of the support plate is provided with a guide assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic assembly comprises a hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the U-shaped frame, and the drive end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom of the connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the guide assembly comprises a guide sleeve, the outer wall of the guide sleeve is arranged in the support plate, and the outer wall of the scale rod is slidably connected with the inner wall of the guide sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the inside of the main frame is fixedly connected with a fixed sleeve, and the inside of the fixed sleeve is threadedly connected with an anchor rod.

[0011] Preferably, the inside of the anchor rod is provided with a filling channel, and the top end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected with an anchor head.

[0012] Preferably, the inside of the anchor head is provided with a round hole, and the filling channel in the anchor rod is communicated with the round hole of the anchor head.

[0013] Preferably, the inside of the bottom plate is provided with a mounting hole, and the main frame is fixed by inserting a rod into the mounting hole.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the main frame is connected with a closing plate through bolts, and the closing plate is in contact with the filling channel of the anchor rod.

[0015] Preferably, the closing plate can seal the filling channel of the anchor rod, and the closing plate can prevent the slurry from flowing out.

[0016] The application provides a soft rock chamber deformation adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting equipment. 1、The application is characterized in that the U-shaped frame is installed on the supporting plate, the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the U-shaped frame, the supporting bottom is rotationally connected with two connecting rods, the two connecting rods are connected with a lever, when the collapse pressure appears on one side of the supporting top, the pressure will be converted into the supporting force on the other side through the lever, when the collapse pressure cannot be resisted on both sides, the connecting plate will be buffered through the hydraulic cylinder, so that the adaptive support can be realized according to the soft rock chamber deformation.

[0017] 2、When the connecting plate is buffered through the hydraulic cylinder, the connecting plate drives the scale rod to slide downwards, the collapse height of the supporting top can be observed through the scale on the scale rod, and the scale rod can guide the downward sliding of the connecting plate, the connecting seat is connected with the bottom of the scale rod, the connecting seat is connected with the supporting side through the bending rod, the pressure on the top can be converted into the supporting force on the side, and the overall anti-deformation ability of the equipment is improved.

[0018] 3、The hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic assembly is arranged between the two main body frames, the supporting plate provides the mounting position for the U-shaped frame between the two main body frames, then the U-shaped frame is fixed on the two adjacent supporting plates through bolts, and the U-shaped frame is used for fixing the hydraulic cylinder, so that the two upper frames can be supported by using one hydraulic cylinder, and the equipment installation cost is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the bottom plate of the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the supporting plate of the application; Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the U-shaped frame of the application; Figure 5 It is Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of A in the application; Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the bending rod of the application; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the fixed sleeve of the application.

[0020] Wherein, 1, main frame; 2, upper frame; 3, anchor net body; 4, bottom plate; 5, self-adaptive adjusting mechanism; 51, support plate; 52, U-shaped frame; 53, hydraulic assembly; 531, hydraulic cylinder; 54, connecting plate; 55, fixed seat; 56, lever; 57, connecting rod; 6, side support mechanism; 61, scale rod; 62, connecting seat; 63, bent rod; 64, guide assembly; 641, guide sleeve; 7, fixed sleeve; 8, anchor rod; 9, anchor head; 10, closing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the embodiment of the present application provides a soft rock chamber deformation self-adaptive hydraulic anchor net supporting device, which comprises a main frame 1, the main frame 1 is the basic bearing structure of the whole supporting device, provides installation support for the upper frame 2, the anchor net body 3 and the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 5, ensures the basic stability of the supporting device, the top of the main frame 1 is fixedly connected with the upper frame 2, the upper frame 2 is in an arched structure, cooperates with the main frame 1 to form a supporting space, and simultaneously serves as a top installation carrier of the anchor net body 3 and bears the pressure transmission of the top of the chamber, the inner side of the main frame 1 and the inner side of the upper frame 2 are detachably connected with the anchor net body 3, the anchor net body 3 adopts a mesh structure, covers the inner sides of the main frame 1 and the upper frame 2, directly contacts with the soft rock chamber wall, disperses the pressure generated by the chamber deformation, and simultaneously prevents the rock block from falling off, the bottom of the main frame 1 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 4, the bottom plate 4 serves as a bottom support structure, increases the contact area with the bottom of the chamber, improves the stability of the whole device, and simultaneously is internally provided with installation holes which are fixed by inserting rods to prevent the device from shifting, the inner side of the main frame 1 is provided with a self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 5, and the side wall of the main frame 1 is provided with a side support mechanism 6. Specifically, the device takes the main frame 1 as the basic bearing structure, forms a supporting space in combination with the arched upper frame 2, directly adheres to the chamber wall in combination with the anchor net body 3 covering the inner side, disperses the chamber deformation pressure, avoids the rock block from falling off, simultaneously enhances the stability of the bottom of the device by the bottom plate 4 with installation holes, prevents the device from shifting, and further cooperates with the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 5 and the side support mechanism 6 of the side wall to realize the combination of the basic support of the soft rock chamber and the deformation self-adaptive support, and provides a structural basis for subsequent coping with the chamber deformation, transmitting and dispersing the pressure.

[0023] AsFigure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the adaptive adjustment mechanism 5 includes a support plate 51, which serves as the mounting base for the adaptive adjustment mechanism 5, providing fixed support for the U-shaped frame 52 and transmitting pressure to the main frame 1. The support plate 51 is externally fixedly connected to the side wall of the main frame 1. The top of the support plate 51 is bolted to the U-shaped frame 52, which is used to fix the hydraulic cylinder 531, providing installation positioning for the hydraulic cylinder 531 and enhancing the connection stability between the hydraulic component 53 and the support plate 51. The top of the U-shaped frame 52 is equipped with the hydraulic component 53, and a connecting plate 54 is fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic component 53. The connecting plate 54 serves as the connection carrier between the hydraulic cylinder 531 and the lever 56, transmitting the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder 531 to the lever 56 and integrating the transmission path of the top pressure. A fixing seat 55 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 54, providing rotation support for the lever 56. The lever 56 is rotatable around the fixed seat 55, which realizes the conversion of force. The lever 56 is rotatably connected inside the fixed seat 55. The lever 56 uses the principle of mechanics to convert the downward pressure of the collapse of one side of the upper frame 2 into the supporting force of the connecting rod 57 on the other side. Both ends of the lever 56 are rotatably connected to the connecting rod 57. The connecting rod 57 is used to connect the lever 56 and the upper frame 2, and transmit the supporting force of the lever 56 to the upper frame 2. At the same time, it rotates adaptively with the deformation of the upper frame 2 to ensure the effective transmission of force. The connecting rod 57 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper frame 2. The hydraulic component 53 includes a hydraulic cylinder 531. When the top of the chamber collapses and presses down, the hydraulic cylinder 531 can adaptively contract to absorb the pressure impact. At the same time, it can actively extend and retract to provide supporting force for the upper frame 2. The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 531 is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped frame 52, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 531 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 54. Specifically, the support plate 51 is fixed to the main frame 1 and supports the U-shaped frame 52. The hydraulic cylinder 531 of the hydraulic component 53 is stably installed with the help of the U-shaped frame 52. The hydraulic cylinder 531 is then connected to the fixed seat 55 by the connecting plate 54. The lever 56 supported by the fixed seat 55 and the connecting rods 57 at both ends are used to convert the collapse pressure on one side of the upper frame 2 into the supporting force of the connecting rod 57 on the other side, so as to evenly distribute the top pressure. Through the adaptive contraction and active extension of the hydraulic cylinder 531, the impact is buffered when the pressure exceeds the limit and the upper frame 2 is supported, so as to realize the adaptive pressure adjustment and stable support for the deformation of the top of the soft rock chamber.

[0024] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the side support mechanism 6 includes a scale rod 61. As the connecting plate 54 slides down, the scale rod 61 slides along the guide sleeve 641, providing vertical guidance for the connecting plate 54. The scale rod 61 has graduations, allowing for direct reading of the collapse and downward pressure height of the upper frame 2, facilitating observation of the chamber's deformation. The scale rod 61 passes through the support plate 51, and a connecting seat 62 is fixedly connected to its bottom. The connecting seat 62 provides rotational support for the bent rod 63, allowing the bent rod 63 to rotate around the connecting seat 62, thus converting top pressure into side support force. A bent rod is rotatably connected inside the connecting seat 62. The bending rod 63 converts the downward pressure transmitted from the scale rod 61 into a supporting force on the side wall of the main frame 1, enhancing the overall deformation resistance of the equipment. The bending rod 63 is externally rotatably connected to the side wall of the main frame 1. The support plate 51 is provided with a guide assembly 64, which includes a guide sleeve 641. The guide sleeve 641 restricts the sliding direction of the scale rod 61, ensuring that the scale rod 61 moves only in the vertical direction, thus improving the stability of the side support mechanism 6. The outer wall of the guide sleeve 641 is set inside the support plate 51, and the outer wall of the scale rod 61 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide sleeve 641. Specifically, by utilizing the sliding engagement between the guide sleeve 641 and the scale rod 61 in the guide assembly 64, the sliding direction of the scale rod 61 is restricted to ensure that it moves only in the vertical direction, providing stable guidance for the downward movement of the connecting plate 54. At the same time, the collapse pressure height of the upper frame 2 can be read intuitively through the scale on the rod body of the scale rod 61, realizing real-time monitoring of the degree of deformation of the chamber. Meanwhile, by utilizing the rotational connection between the bottom connecting seat 62 of the scale rod 61 and the bending rod 63, the downward pressure transmitted by the scale rod 61 is converted into a supporting force on the side wall of the main frame 1, effectively dispersing the top load and improving the overall deformation resistance of the equipment.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the main frame 1 is fixedly connected with a fixed sleeve 7, which provides an installation channel and positioning for the anchor rod 8, ensures the stability of the connection between the anchor rod 8 and the main frame 1, and guides the installation direction of the anchor rod 8. The anchor rod 8 is threadedly connected in the fixed sleeve 7, and is screwed into the chamber wall to fix the equipment. The anchor rod 8 is internally provided with a grouting channel, which can grout the anchor head 9 with grout to enhance the anchoring force of the anchor rod 8 and the chamber wall. The anchor rod 8 is fixedly connected with the anchor head 9 at the top end. After the anchor head 9 is screwed into the chamber wall with the anchor rod 8, it receives the grout from the grouting channel of the anchor rod 8 through the internal circular hole. The grout spreads into the rock mass around the anchor head 9, improves the bonding force between the anchor rod 8 and the chamber wall, and enhances the anchoring effect. The anchor head 9 is internally provided with a circular hole, and the grouting channel in the anchor rod 8 communicates with the circular hole of the anchor head 9. The inner wall of the main frame 1 is boltedly connected with a closure plate 10, which blocks the grouting channel of the anchor rod 8 to prevent the grout from overflowing from the channel during grouting, and improves the anchoring reliability. The closure plate 10 contacts the grouting channel of the anchor rod 8, and can seal the grouting channel of the anchor rod 8. The closure plate 10 can prevent the grout from flowing out. The bottom plate 4 is internally provided with an installation hole, and the main frame 1 is fixed by inserting a rod into the installation hole. Specifically, the fixed sleeve 7 provides an installation channel and positioning for the anchor rod 8, and cooperates with the installation hole of the bottom plate 4 to fix the rod, so as to realize the preliminary connection between the main frame 1 and the chamber wall. Then, the anchor rod 8 internally grouting channel is used to grout the anchor head 9 with grout. The grout spreads into the surrounding rock mass through the circular hole of the anchor head 9, enhances the anchoring force of the anchor rod 8 and the chamber wall, and blocks the grouting channel of the anchor rod 8 by the closure plate 10 to prevent the grout from overflowing, so as to realize the firm anchoring of the supporting equipment and the chamber rock mass, and ensure the installation stability of the whole equipment.

[0026] Working principle: During installation, the main frame 1 is first fixed by the installation hole of the bottom plate 4 and the rod, and then the anchor rod 8 is screwed into the chamber wall and the grouting channel is blocked by the closure plate 10. The fixed sleeve 7 provides guidance for the screwing of the anchor rod 8. The grouting channel in the anchor rod 8 is used to grout the anchor head 9 with grout, and the grout adheres to the soft rock chamber wall, thereby completing anchoring. At the same time, the anchor net body 3 is attached to the chamber wall to form a basic support, and the U-shaped frame 52 in the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 5 is boltedly connected to the support plate 51. The U-shaped frame 52 provides an installation base for the hydraulic assembly 53. When the soft rock chamber top deforms and collapses, the upper frame 2 is subjected to unilateral downward pressure. The unilateral downward pressure is transmitted to the lever 56 through the connecting rod 57. The lever 56 takes the fixed seat 55 as a fulcrum, converts the unilateral downward pressure into a supporting force of the other connecting rod 57, realizes the balanced dispersion of the top pressure, and if the pressure on both sides exceeds the supporting limit of the connecting rod 57, the continuous downward pressure of the upper frame 2 will drive the connecting plate 54 to press the hydraulic cylinder 531. The hydraulic cylinder 531 absorbs the pressure impact by self-adaptive contraction, completes the buffering of the top deformation, and can realize self-adaptive support according to the deformation of the soft rock chamber; Meanwhile, the connecting plate 54 is pressed down, and the scale rod 61 in the side support mechanism 6 is driven to slide vertically along the guide sleeve 641 in the guide assembly 64. The scale of the scale rod 61 can directly observe the height of the upper frame 2, so as to obtain the degree of deformation of the chamber. The scale rod 61 slides through the connecting seat 62 to drive the bending rod 63 to rotate. The bending rod 63 converts the top pressing force into a supporting force on the side wall of the main body frame 1, thereby improving the overall anti-deformation ability of the equipment.

Claims

1. A deformation-adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device for soft rock chambers, comprising a main frame (1), characterized in that, The main frame (1) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper frame (2), and the anchor mesh body (3) is detachably connected to both the inner side of the main frame (1) and the inner side of the upper frame (2). The bottom plate (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main frame (1). The inner side of the main frame (1) is provided with an adaptive adjustment mechanism (5), and the side wall of the main frame (1) is provided with a side support mechanism (6). The adaptive adjustment mechanism (5) includes a support plate (51), which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main frame (1). A U-shaped frame (52) is bolted to the top of the support plate (51). A hydraulic component (53) is provided on the top of the U-shaped frame (52). A connecting plate (54) is fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic component (53). A fixed seat (55) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (54). A lever (56) is rotatably connected inside the fixed seat (55). A connecting rod (57) is rotatably connected to both ends of the lever (56). The connecting rod (57) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper frame (2).

2. The soft rock chamber deformation adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side support mechanism (6) includes a scale rod (61) that passes through the inside of the support plate (51). A connecting seat (62) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the scale rod (61). A bent rod (63) is rotatably connected inside the connecting seat (62). The bent rod (63) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the main frame (1) on the outside. A guide component (64) is provided inside the support plate (51).

3. The adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device for soft rock chamber deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic assembly (53) includes a hydraulic cylinder (531), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped frame (52), and the driving end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate (54).

4. The adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device for soft rock chamber deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide assembly (64) includes a guide sleeve (641), the outer wall of which is disposed inside the support plate (51), and the outer wall of the scale rod (61) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide sleeve (641).

5. The adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device for soft rock chamber deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve (7), and the fixed sleeve (7) is threadedly connected to an anchor rod (8).

6. The adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device for soft rock chamber deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anchor rod (8) has a filling channel inside, and the top of the anchor rod (8) is fixedly connected to an anchor head (9).

7. The adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device for soft rock chamber deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anchor head (9) has a round hole inside, and the filling channel inside the anchor rod (8) is connected to the round hole of the anchor head (9).

8. The soft rock chamber deformation adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (4) has mounting holes inside, and the main frame (1) is fixed by inserting a rod through the mounting holes.

9. The soft rock chamber deformation adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the main frame (1) is connected to a sealing plate (10) by bolts, and the sealing plate (10) is in contact with the filling channel of the anchor rod (8).

10. The soft rock chamber deformation adaptive hydraulic anchor mesh support device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sealing plate (10) can seal the filling channel of the anchor rod (8) and prevent the slurry from flowing out.

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