Chimney inclination monitoring process and data analysis method based on three-point circle center method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear facility structure inclination monitoring, and particularly relates to a chimney inclination monitoring process and data analysis method based on a three-point circle center method. A total station is adopted to measure coordinates of left and right tangent points and a middle point of a circular section of the chimney on three heights of the chimney based on a plumbing method, center coordinates of the three heights are calculated based on a three-point center method, and the inclination amount and the inclination direction of the chimney are determined according to the center of the middle height, the center of the top height and the center of the bottom height of the chimney. The inclination amount of the towering chimney is observed from different directions and different heights, the circle center positions of the sections of the chimney at different heights are calculated based on the three-point circle forming theory, and the inclination amount and the inclination direction of the chimney are comprehensively judged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of nuclear facility structure inclination monitoring, and particularly relates to a chimney inclination monitoring process and data analysis method based on a three-point circle center method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of modern nuclear industry, many high-rise circular structures appear in nuclear facilities, such as the reinforced concrete exhaust chimney of the first phase of the Qinshan nuclear power plant, the steel exhaust chimney shared by the nuclear islands of units 1-4 of the Fuqing nuclear power plant, the steel exhaust chimneys of the nuclear islands of units 1-4 of the Tianwan nuclear power plant, the exhaust chimneys of the nuclear island structures of research reactors, and the cooling towers of nuclear facilities. The above high-rise structures have strict requirements for verticality during construction and operation. Once the inclination rate exceeds the specification limit, the safety of the high-rise structure may be affected. In order to timely grasp the actual service state and structural safety of the nuclear power plant structure, regular structural detection and evaluation work needs to be carried out. For high-rise structures, inclination monitoring is an extremely important test index.

[0003] According to the Building Deformation Measurement Standard (JGJ8-2016), when observing the inclination of the building exterior, it is appropriate to use the total station instrument point projection method, horizontal angle observation method or forward intersection method for observation. The forward intersection method requires that the intersection angle meet 60°-120°, but the nuclear facility structures are arranged closely, and the field observation is often limited by the visibility condition, making it difficult to meet the test requirements of the intersection method. The total station instrument point projection method uses a high-precision horizontal reading instrument to test the horizontal reading between the top observation point and the bottom observation point of the high-rise structure on mutually perpendicular control axes, calculates the offset in two directions, and then synthesizes the vectors to determine the inclination rate and inclination angle. This method requires high-precision horizontal reading equipment and good visibility conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a chimney inclination monitoring process and data analysis method based on a three-point circle center method, which observes the inclination of a high-rise chimney from different directions and heights, calculates the positions of the circle centers of chimney cross sections at different heights based on the three-point circle center theory, and comprehensively judges the inclination and direction of the chimney.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A chimney inclination monitoring process and data analysis method based on a three-point circle center method: using a total station instrument based on the point projection method, measuring the coordinates of the left and right cut points and the middle point of the chimney circle cross section at three heights, calculating the circle center coordinates at the three heights based on the three-point circle center method, and determining the chimney inclination and inclination direction according to the circle centers at the middle height, the top height and the bottom height of the chimney.

[0007] The specific steps are as follows:

[0008] Step 1: Select stable control points A and B near the chimney as orientation points to determine the tilt observation coordinate system;

[0009] Step 2: Set up a total station at the observation point, use the orientation control points A and B for orientation, determine the coordinates of the observation point, measure the coordinates (X1, Y1) and (X2, Y2) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at the top elevation H1, and the corresponding horizontal angles θ1 and θ2. Calculate the horizontal angle θ3 of the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles, adjust the total station to the height H1 and the horizontal angle θ3, and record the coordinates (X3, Y3) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time.

[0010] Step 3: Without moving the total station, measure the coordinates (X4, Y4) and (X5, Y5) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at elevation H2 at the bottom of the chimney, as well as the corresponding horizontal angles θ4 and θ5. Calculate the horizontal angle θ6 at the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles. Adjust the total station to height H2 and horizontal angle to θ6, and record the coordinates (X6, Y6) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time.

[0011] Step 4: Without moving the total station, measure the coordinates (X7, Y7) and (X8, Y8) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at elevation H3 in the middle of the chimney, as well as the corresponding horizontal angles θ7 and θ8. Calculate the horizontal angle θ9 of the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles. Adjust the total station to height H3 and horizontal angle to θ9, and record the coordinates (X9, Y9) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time.

[0012] Step 5: Substitute the projected coordinates of the observation points at the same elevation measured in Steps 2 to 4 into the circle equation;

[0013] Step Six: Calculate the coordinates (X, X) of the center of the circle at elevation H1 at the top of the chimney, based on the standard equation of a circle. H1 Y H1 The coordinates of the center of the circle at elevation H2 at the bottom of the chimney (X) H2 Y H2 The coordinates of the center of the circle at elevation H3 in the middle of the chimney (X) H3 Y H3 );

[0014] Step 7: Calculate the offsets e1 and e2 of the chimney in two directions based on the difference between the center coordinates at the top elevation H1 and the center coordinates at the bottom elevation H2. Combine the offsets in both directions to determine the total offset e0. The slope of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom is [value missing].

[0015] Step 8: Calculate the offsets e4 and e5 in two directions of the chimney based on the difference between the center coordinates at the middle elevation H3 and the center coordinates at the bottom elevation H2. Combine the offsets in both directions to determine the total offset e3. The slope of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom is [value missing].

[0016] Step 9: Compare the inclination rate Δ1 of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom of the chimney with the inclination rate Δ2 of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom of the chimney, and determine the deviation between the two.

[0017] Step 10: When it is necessary to change the total station setup point and remeasure, set up the total station on the axis perpendicular to the original total station observation axis, repeat the above measurement, test the inclination rate Δ3 and Δ4 of the observation point, compare and analyze the two sets of test values, and verify the accuracy of the chimney test results.

[0018] Step 11: Calculation process of relative error of the obtained inclination: Measure 3 points (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), and (X3, Y3) on the circular cross section at the same elevation;

[0019] Step 12: Establish the equation based on the circle equation, v i =x 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C;

[0020] Step Thirteen, in Under the given conditions, solve for [A, B, C] in the above equation. T ;

[0021] Step Fourteen: Calculate the center of the circle

[0022] Step 15: The positional error of the chimney's circular center point is: In the formula m D and r are the instrument ranging error and the chimney radius, respectively, and D 12 D 23 D 13 This refers to the distance from the measuring station to the three measuring points;

[0023] Step 16: The relative mean square error of the tilt amount is: In the formula m O1 m O2 These are the relative mean square errors of the bottom circle center and the top circle center, respectively.

[0024] Step five, the equation of the circle x. 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C=0, the formula for calculating the center of the circle.

[0025] Step nine, when the deviation is small and does not affect the structural safety evaluation, uses the segmented tilt rate to represent the chimney tilt monitoring results.

[0026] Step nine, when a large deviation affects the structural safety evaluation, requires changing the total station setup point and re-measuring.

[0027] Step eleven, the mathematical equation of the circle is x. 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C=0.

[0028] In step fifteen, the coordinate values ​​of each point on the circular cross-section are independent of each other.

[0029] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0030] Based on the theory of three points forming a circle, this invention calculates the center position of the chimney cross-section at different heights, comprehensively judges the chimney's tilt amount and tilt direction, reduces the workload of on-site chimney tilt observation and the possibility of chimney tilt observation errors caused by human error, and improves the safety and work efficiency of on-site chimney tilt observation.

[0031] This invention requires minimal on-site work. Technicians can determine the chimney's tilt and direction with minimal data without changing the total station's location. It also eliminates the need for technicians to work at heights, thus improving the efficiency and safety of on-site chimney inspection.

[0032] The principle of this invention is simple. Based on the principle that three points form a circle, technicians can use calculation software or drawing software to quickly calculate the coordinates of the center of the circle at different heights. After simple calculation and vector synthesis, the tilt amount and tilt direction of the chimney can be determined.

[0033] This invention sets three independent data points at different elevations. When the chimney tilt changes uniformly along the height, technicians can verify the accuracy of the monitoring data themselves, reducing errors in chimney tilt monitoring data caused by human error. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 The process for monitoring chimney tilt based on the three-point circle center method is shown.

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of chimney tilt monitoring based on the three-point center method is shown;

[0036] Figure 3 A top-view schematic diagram of chimney tilt monitoring based on the three-point circle center method is shown;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the offset of the chimney's center is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, this invention provides a chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point centering method. Using a total station based on the point projection method, the coordinates of the left and right tangent points and the midpoint of the chimney's circular cross-section are measured at three heights. The center coordinates of the three heights are calculated using the three-point centering method. The chimney tilt amount and tilt direction are determined based on the center of the chimney at the midpoint, top, and bottom heights. Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0040] Step 1: Select stable control points A and B near the chimney as orientation points to determine the tilt observation coordinate system;

[0041] Step 2: Set up a total station at the observation point, use the orientation control points A and B for orientation, determine the coordinates of the observation point, measure the coordinates (X1, Y1) and (X2, Y2) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at the top elevation H1, and the corresponding horizontal angles θ1 and θ2. Calculate the horizontal angle θ3 of the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles, adjust the total station to the height H1 and the horizontal angle θ3, and record the coordinates (X3, Y3) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time.

[0042] Step 3: Without moving the total station, measure the coordinates (X4, Y4) and (X5, Y5) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at elevation H2 at the bottom of the chimney, as well as the corresponding horizontal angles θ4 and θ5. Calculate the horizontal angle θ6 at the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles. Adjust the total station to height H2 and horizontal angle to θ6, and record the coordinates (X6, Y6) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time.

[0043] Step 4: Without moving the total station, measure the coordinates (X7, Y7) and (X8, Y8) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at elevation H3 in the middle of the chimney, as well as the corresponding horizontal angles θ7 and θ8. Calculate the horizontal angle θ9 of the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles. Adjust the total station to height H3 and horizontal angle to θ9, and record the coordinates (X9, Y9) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time.

[0044] Step 5: Substitute the projected coordinates of the observation points at the same elevation measured in steps 2-4 into the circle equation:

[0045] x 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C=0;

[0046] The formula for calculating the center of the circle is:

[0047] Step Six: Calculate the coordinates (X, X) of the center of the circle at elevation H1 at the top of the chimney, based on the standard equation of a circle. H1 Y H1 The coordinates of the center of the circle at elevation H2 at the bottom of the chimney (X) H2 Y H2 The coordinates of the center of the circle at elevation H3 in the middle of the chimney (X) H3 Y H3 );

[0048] Step 7: Based on the difference between the coordinates of the center of the chimney at elevation H1 at the top and the center of the chimney at elevation H2 at the bottom, the offsets e1 and e2 of the chimney in two directions can be calculated. The offsets in the two directions can be vector-synthesized to determine the total offset e0. The slope of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom is [value missing].

[0049] Step 8: Based on the difference between the coordinates of the center of the chimney at elevation H3 at the middle and the center of the chimney at elevation H2 at the bottom, the offsets e4 and e5 in two directions can be calculated. The offsets in both directions are vectored together to determine the total offset e3. The slope of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom is [value missing].

[0050] Step 9: Compare the inclination rate Δ1 of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom of the chimney with the inclination rate Δ2 of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom of the chimney to determine the deviation between the two. When the deviation is small and does not affect the structural safety evaluation, the chimney inclination monitoring result can be represented by the segmented inclination rate. When the deviation between the two is large and affects the structural safety evaluation, the total station setting point needs to be changed and the measurement needs to be repeated.

[0051] Step 10: When it is necessary to change the total station setup point and re-measure, set up the total station on an axis perpendicular to the original total station observation axis, repeat the above measurements, and test the inclination rates Δ3 and Δ4 at the observation point. Compare and analyze the two sets of test values ​​to verify the accuracy of the chimney test results.

[0052] Step 11: The calculation process for the relative mean square error of the tilt amount obtained by the above method is as follows:

[0053] The mathematical equation of a circle is x 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C=0, measure 3 points (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), and (X3, Y3) on the circular cross section at the same elevation;

[0054] Step 12: Establish the equation based on the circle equation, v i =x 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C;

[0055] Step Thirteen, in Under the given conditions, solve for [A, B, C] in the above equation. T ;

[0056] Step Fourteen, Center of the Circle:

[0057] Step 15: Since the coordinate values ​​of each point on the circular cross-section are independent, the positional error of the chimney's circular center point is: In the formula m D and r are the instrument ranging error and the chimney radius, respectively, and D 12 D 23 D 13 This represents the distance between the station and the three measuring points.

[0058] Step 16: The relative mean square error of the tilt amount is: In the formula m O1 m O2 These are the relative mean square errors of the bottom circle center and the top circle center, respectively.

[0059] according to Figure 1 The chimney tilt monitoring process based on the three-point circle center method first selects stable control points 4 and 5 near the chimney on site as orientation points to determine the tilt observation coordinate system.

[0060] Set up the total station 7 at a distance of 1.5 to 2.0 times the height of the chimney 6. After setting up the total station 7, select an observation point at the top of the chimney 6 and observe the left tangent point 1a, the right tangent point 1b, and the middle point 1c at the same height at the top of the chimney 6, and record the coordinates of 1a, 1b, and 1c. Without moving the total station 7, adjust the elevation angle of the total station 7 and select an observation point at the bottom of the chimney 6. Observe the left tangent point 2a, the right tangent point 2b, and the middle point 2c at the same height at the bottom of the chimney 6, and record the coordinates of 2a, 2b, and 2c. Without moving the total station 7, adjust the elevation angle of the total station 7 and select an observation point in the middle of the chimney 6. Observe the left tangent point 3a, the right tangent point 3b, and the middle point 3c at the same height in the middle of the chimney 6, and record the coordinates of 3a, 3b, and 3c.

[0061] The coordinate information of chimney 6 at different heights is shown in the table below.

[0062] Serial number X coordinate Y coordinate Z coordinate 1a 23623 2381 20770 1b 24570 4399 20770 1c 23162 3828 20770 2a 23621 2393 -741 2b 24557 4408 -741 2c 23157 3836 -741 3a 23616 2399 9570 3b 24557 4408 9570 3c 23152 3836 9570

[0063] Substitute the coordinates of the three points on the circular cross-section at the top, bottom, and middle of chimney 6, which are at the same height, into the equation of the circle x. 2 +y 2 The formula for calculating the center of a circle (Ax + By + C = 0). Center of the circle: The centers of the top, bottom, and middle sections of chimney 6 are obtained. The coordinates of the top center O1 are (24169, 3356), the bottom center O2 are (24164, 3365), and the middle center O3 are (24159, 3370).

[0064] Based on the centers of the top and bottom of chimney 6, the chimney offset e0 is calculated to be 10.30 mm, the inclination rate Δ1 of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom is 0.48‰, and the azimuth angle of the inclination is 60°. Based on the centers of the middle and bottom of chimney 6, the chimney offset e3 is calculated to be 7.07 mm, the inclination rate Δ2 of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom is 0.69‰, and the azimuth angle of the inclination is 45°.

[0065] Comparing the inclination rates Δ1 of the chimney top relative to the chimney bottom with Δ2 of the chimney middle relative to the chimney bottom, the deviation between the two is determined to be 0.21‰, which meets the requirements. Since the coordinate values ​​of each point on the circular cross-section are independent, the chimney center point position error is m. o The tolerance is ±2.1mm. Based on the inclination of the top of chimney 6 relative to its bottom, the inclination rate Δ1 of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom is 0.48‰, the azimuth angle of the inclination is 60°, and the chimney center point position error is m. o It is ±2.1mm.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions for some or all of the technical features, do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method, characterized in that: Using a total station based on the point projection method, the coordinates of the left and right tangent points and the middle point of the chimney's circular cross-section are measured at three heights. The center coordinates of the three heights are calculated based on the three-point center method. The chimney's tilt and tilt direction are determined based on the center of the middle height, the top height, and the bottom height.

2. The chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Select stable control points A and B near the chimney as orientation points to determine the tilt observation coordinate system; Step 2: Set up a total station at the observation point, use the orientation control points A and B for orientation, determine the coordinates of the observation point, measure the coordinates (X1, Y1) and (X2, Y2) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at the top elevation H1, and the corresponding horizontal angles θ1 and θ2. Calculate the horizontal angle θ3 of the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles, adjust the total station to the height H1 and the horizontal angle θ3, and record the coordinates (X3, Y3) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time. Step 3: Without moving the total station, measure the coordinates (X4, Y4) and (X5, Y5) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at elevation H2 at the bottom of the chimney, as well as the corresponding horizontal angles θ4 and θ5. Calculate the horizontal angle θ6 at the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles. Adjust the total station to height H2 and horizontal angle to θ6, and record the coordinates (X6, Y6) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time. Step 4: Without moving the total station, measure the coordinates (X7, Y7) and (X8, Y8) of the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section at elevation H3 in the middle of the chimney, as well as the corresponding horizontal angles θ7 and θ8. Calculate the horizontal angle θ9 of the midpoint between the two tangent points on the chimney cross-section based on the two horizontal angles. Adjust the total station to height H3 and horizontal angle to θ9, and record the coordinates (X9, Y9) of the observation point on the chimney cross-section at this time. Step 5: Substitute the projected coordinates of the observation points at the same elevation measured in Steps 2 to 4 into the circle equation; Step Six: Calculate the coordinates (X, X) of the center of the circle at elevation H1 at the top of the chimney, based on the standard equation of a circle. H1 Y H1 The coordinates of the center of the circle at elevation H2 at the bottom of the chimney (X) H2 Y H2 The coordinates of the center of the circle at elevation H3 in the middle of the chimney (X) H3 Y H3 ); Step 7: Calculate the offsets e1 and e2 of the chimney in two directions based on the difference between the center coordinates at the top elevation H1 and the center coordinates at the bottom elevation H2. Combine the offsets in both directions to determine the total offset e0. The slope of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom is... Step 8: Calculate the offsets e4 and e5 in two directions of the chimney based on the difference between the center coordinates at the middle elevation H3 and the center coordinates at the bottom elevation H2. Combine the offsets in both directions to determine the total offset e3. The slope of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom is [value missing]. Step 9: Compare the inclination rate Δ1 of the top of the chimney relative to the bottom of the chimney with the inclination rate Δ2 of the middle of the chimney relative to the bottom of the chimney, and determine the deviation between the two. Step 10: When it is necessary to change the total station setup point and remeasure, set up the total station on the axis perpendicular to the original total station observation axis, repeat the above measurement, test the inclination rate Δ3 and Δ4 of the observation point, compare and analyze the two sets of test values, and verify the accuracy of the chimney test results. Step 11: Calculation process of relative error of the obtained inclination: Measure 3 points (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), and (X3, Y3) on the circular cross section at the same elevation; step 12. Establish an equation based on the equation of a circle, v i =x 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C; Step Thirteen, in Under the given conditions, solve for [A, B, C] in the above equation. T ; Step Fourteen: Calculate the center of the circle Step 15: The positional error of the chimney's circular center point is: In the formula m D and r are the instrument ranging error and the chimney radius, respectively, and D 12 D 23 D 13 This refers to the distance from the measuring station to the three measuring points; Step 16: The relative mean square error of the tilt amount is: In the formula m O1 m O2 These are the relative mean square errors of the bottom circle center and the top circle center, respectively.

3. The chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step five, the equation of the circle x. 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C=0, the formula for calculating the center of the circle.

4. The chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step nine, when the deviation is small and does not affect the structural safety evaluation, uses the segmented tilt rate to represent the chimney tilt monitoring results.

5. The chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step nine, when a large deviation affects the structural safety evaluation, requires changing the total station setup point and re-measuring.

6. The chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step eleven, the mathematical equation of the circle is x. 2 +y 2 +Ax+By+C=0.

7. The chimney tilt monitoring process and data analysis method based on the three-point center method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step fifteen, the coordinate values ​​of each point on the circular cross-section are independent of each other.

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