A fully automatic nucleic acid detection analysis system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnostic equipment technology, and more particularly to a fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system. The system includes a first temperature control module and a second temperature control module arranged opposite each other along a first direction, used to clamp and temperature control the amplification reaction region of the microfluidic chip from both sides. The first and second temperature control modules are staggered in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, thereby forming mutually offset accommodating spaces: the first accommodating space accommodates the actuation rod of the sample driving module, and the second accommodating space accommodates the fluorescence acquisition unit of the optical detection module. This invention, through the staggered layout of the temperature control modules, achieves compact integration of the three functional modules—driving, temperature control, and detection—in three-dimensional space, fundamentally solving the problems of large size and low integration in existing fully automated nucleic acid detection systems. Simultaneously, the clamping temperature control method from both sides facilitates uniform and stable heating, improving the accuracy and reliability of the detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of in vitro diagnostic equipment technology, and in particular to a fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of in vitro diagnostics, nucleic acid amplification detection (such as polymerase chain reaction, PCR) is highly accurate for pathogen detection and is often considered the gold standard. However, currently, nucleic acid amplification detection often requires multiple regional laboratories to complete this task, and it is time-consuming. Completing a single detection task requires the cooperation of multiple people, making the entire process complex, cumbersome, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and space-consuming. It requires professional laboratory personnel to operate, resulting in a very high overall cost. Generally, nucleic acid amplification detection experiments require sample pretreatment in a sample processing laboratory, followed by preparation of the experimental reaction system in a solution preparation room, and finally amplification and detection using a PCR instrument in the amplification laboratory. The detection process is time-consuming, and the amplification products are often at risk of leakage and contamination.

[0003] To address this issue, fully automated nucleic acid testing equipment has emerged on the market. For example, Chinese patent document CN111534427A discloses a fully automated testing instrument, which includes a temperature control module, a pump module, and a fluorescence signal acquisition module. However, the pump module of this device uses a direct-push drive where a push rod directly drives a piston. The temperature control module, pump module, and fluorescence detection module are basically arranged side-by-side or stacked within the mechanical frame. This stacked layout results in an increase in size in all directions, making the overall device bulky and difficult to implement on a desktop or portable form. Furthermore, the layout of the drive modules lacks deep spatial integration and reuse with the temperature control and detection modules, resulting in limited integration and difficulty in reducing size. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system that enables fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis, and solves the problems of large size and low integration of existing fully automated nucleic acid detection systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system for performing fully automated detection on a loaded microfluidic chip, the system comprising:

[0006] A first temperature control module and a second temperature control module are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction to clamp and temperature control the amplification reaction region of the microfluidic chip from both sides; wherein, the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module are staggered in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, such that a portion of the first temperature control module protrudes from the second temperature control module in the second direction to form a first receiving space, and a portion of the second temperature control module protrudes from the first temperature control module in the second direction to form a second receiving space;

[0007] The sample driving module includes a linearly movable actuator as a driving end, configured to apply a controllable squeezing force to the fluid driving unit of the microfluidic chip to drive the liquid inside the microfluidic chip; at least the actuator of the sample driving module is housed in the first receiving space and can approach and act on the fluid driving unit along an action path parallel to the second direction.

[0008] An optical detection module is used to perform optical detection on the amplification reaction region; at least the fluorescence acquisition unit of the optical detection module is housed within the second accommodating space.

[0009] Optionally, the sample driving module further includes a sample driving motor and a pressure sensor; the actuation rod is driven by the sample driving motor, the pressure sensor is used to detect the force applied by the actuation rod, and the system controller controls the operation of the sample driving motor in a closed loop according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor.

[0010] Optionally, the fluid drive unit is a flexible airbag on the microfluidic chip; the end of the actuator rod is configured as a planar contact head suitable for squeezing the flexible airbag.

[0011] Optionally, the fluid drive unit is a pushable plunger structure on the microfluidic chip; the end of the actuator rod is configured as a plunger connector that mates with the plunger structure.

[0012] Optionally, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system further includes a sample lysis module, which is located above the first temperature control module;

[0013] The sample lysis module includes a linear actuator, a pusher block driven by the linear actuator to perform linear motion, and a valve push rod assembly and a heat-conducting push rod assembly mounted on the pusher block. The valve push rod assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the valve on the microfluidic chip, and the heat-conducting push rod assembly is used to heat the lysis chamber of the microfluidic chip. In the direction of movement of the pusher block, the effective working length of the valve push rod assembly is greater than the effective working length of the heat-conducting push rod assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the valve push rod assembly includes an axially slidable first push rod and a first elastic buffer mechanism; the first elastic buffer mechanism provides an elastic preload force to the first push rod in the direction of the microfluidic chip;

[0015] The heat-conducting top rod assembly includes a second top rod, a cracking heating block connected to the end of the second top rod, a cracking heat-conducting block applied to the working surface of the cracking heating block, and an elastic heat-conducting layer applied to the working surface of the cracking heat-conducting block.

[0016] Optionally, the first elastic buffer mechanism includes a first sleeve, a first compression spring, and a first guide ring; the first push rod is axially slidably inserted into the first sleeve and limited by the first guide ring; the first compression spring is disposed between the push block and the first guide ring.

[0017] Optionally, the heat-conducting push rod assembly further includes a second sleeve and a second compression spring; the second push rod is axially slidably inserted into the second sleeve and limited by a second guide ring; the second compression spring is disposed between the push block and the second guide ring to provide elastic preload for the second push rod.

[0018] Optionally, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system further includes a mixing module, which is disposed above the first temperature control module and is used to apply a rotating magnetic field to the mixing chamber within the microfluidic chip.

[0019] Optionally, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a support framework;

[0020] The support frame includes a base plate and two support plates erected thereon and spaced apart; the first temperature control module is fixed to the two support plates; the second temperature control module is connected to the first temperature control module through a guide component and can move along the first direction; the system also includes a first elastic element disposed on the guide component, the first elastic element being used to provide the second temperature control module with an elastic clamping force toward the first temperature control module.

[0021] Optionally, a light-shielding plate is provided between the two support plates and below the first temperature control module. The light-shielding plate, together with the two support plates and the first temperature control module, forms a relatively enclosed dark chamber for accommodating the fluorescence collection unit of the optical detection module.

[0022] Optionally, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system further includes a pull-out module, which includes a drive unit and an actuating part. The actuating part is configured to selectively engage with the second temperature control module to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element and drive the second temperature control module away from the first temperature control module.

[0023] Optionally, the guide assembly includes a linear bearing fixed on the second temperature control module and a guide shaft passing through it. The guide shaft is connected to the first temperature control module and guides the second temperature control module to move smoothly along the first direction.

[0024] Optionally, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a balancing mechanism to provide anti-tilting force to balance the gravitational tilt caused by the second temperature control module being connected to the first temperature control module in a unilateral suspension state and to maintain the parallel relationship between the second temperature control module and the first temperature control module.

[0025] Optionally, the balancing mechanism includes a fixed block, a balancing guide rod connected to the second temperature control module, and a second elastic element acting between the fixed block and the second temperature control module;

[0026] The balance guide rod passes through the fixed block and is arranged parallel to the guide shaft. When the second temperature control module moves along the guide shaft, the second temperature control module moves along the balance guide rod, or the second temperature control module and the balance guide rod move together relative to the fixed block.

[0027] Optionally, the optical detection module is a linear scanning fluorescence detection module, including a scanning drive unit and a fluorescence acquisition unit; the scanning drive unit drives the fluorescence acquisition unit to move linearly along the arrangement direction of the amplification reaction chamber of the microfluidic chip.

[0028] Optionally, both the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module include a heat-conducting block. The heat-conducting block has multiple protrusions on the side facing the microfluidic chip, and the positions of the multiple protrusions correspond to the positions of the amplification reaction chambers of the microfluidic chip.

[0029] Optionally, both the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module further include a Peltier, which is attached to the side of the heat-conducting block away from the boss, for heating and / or cooling the heat-conducting block.

[0030] Optionally, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a housing, in which the first temperature control module, the second temperature control module, the sample driving module, and the optical detection module are all located.

[0031] The above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system provided by this invention, by arranging the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module opposite to each other along a first direction and staggered along a second direction, not only achieves temperature control by clamping the microfluidic chip from both sides, which is beneficial for uniform and efficient heat transfer to the chip reaction area, improving temperature control uniformity and reaction consistency; but also utilizes the space formed by the staggered arrangement of the two temperature control modules to respectively accommodate the actuator of the sample driving module and the fluorescence acquisition unit of the optical detection module. This layout achieves tight integration of core functional modules such as driving, temperature control, and detection in three-dimensional space, completely solving the size accumulation problem caused by the simple side-by-side or stacked layout of modules in traditional equipment at the system architecture level, significantly reducing the overall size of the device, improving system integration, and providing an innovative structural foundation for realizing desktop and portable fully automated nucleic acid detection equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the proportions and quantities of the components in the drawings may not be consistent with the actual product.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system in China;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system after removing its outer casing;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a support frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first temperature control module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second temperature control module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the diagram;

[0043] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample-driven module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample lysis module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the front view of one side of the execution end of the sample fragmentation module;

[0047] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the CC section in the image;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pull-out module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample lysis module, the mixing module and the microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 Enlarged schematic diagram of part D in the diagram;

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mixing module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample driving module, sample lysis module, mixing module and microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the picture:

[0055] 1: First temperature control module;

[0056] 2: Second temperature control module;

[0057] 3: Supporting framework;

[0058] 31: Base plate; 32: Support plate; 33: Light-shielding plate;

[0059] 4: Sample-driven module;

[0060] 41: Actuating rod; 42: Sample drive motor; 43: Pressure sensor;

[0061] 5: Optical inspection module;

[0062] 501: Detection module base plate; 502: Detection drive motor; 503: Synchronous pulley; 504: First idler pulley; 505: Second idler pulley; 506: Synchronous belt; 507: Linear guide rail; 508: Tensioning block; 509: Slider; 510: Fluorescence acquisition unit; 511: First zero-position photoelectric switch; 512: First limiting piece; 513: Pressure plate;

[0063] 6: Sample lysis module;

[0064] 61: Lead screw stepper motor; 62: Guide shaft; 63: Push block;

[0065] 64: Valve push rod assembly; 641: First sleeve; 642: First compression spring; 643: First guide ring; 644: First push rod; 645: Silicone sleeve; 646: First connecting screw;

[0066] 65: Heat-conducting push rod assembly; 651: Second guide sleeve; 652: Second push rod; 653: Mounting base; 654: Pyrolysis heating block; 655: Pyrolysis heat-conducting block; 656: Elastic heat-conducting layer; 657: Second guide pressure ring; 658: Second compression spring; 659: Second connecting screw;

[0067] 66: Second zero-position photoelectric switch; 67: Second limit plate; 68: Motor mount;

[0068] 7: Mixing module;

[0069] 71: DC motor; 72: Magnetic rotor; 721: Magnet; 73: Motor bracket;

[0070] 8: Pull out the module;

[0071] 81: Drive unit; 82: Actuating part; 83: Base; 84: Third zero-position photoelectric switch; 85: Third limit plate;

[0072] 9: Balancing mechanism;

[0073] 91: Fixed block; 92: Balance guide rod; 93: Second elastic element;

[0074] 10: Outer shell;

[0075] 101: Flip cover; 102: Display screen;

[0076] 11: Heat-conducting block; 111: Boss;

[0077] 12: Parthenon;

[0078] 13: Elastomer layer;

[0079] 14: Pressure plate; 141: Guide strip;

[0080] 15: Over-temperature protection module;

[0081] 16: Radiator; 161: Fins;

[0082] 17: Air duct; 171: Ventilation opening;

[0083] 18: Cooling fan;

[0084] 19: Vortex fan;

[0085] 20: Microfluidic chip; 201: Sample dispensing port; 202: Airbag; 203: Amplification reaction chamber;

[0086] 21: Guide assembly; 211: Linear bearing; 212: Guide shaft; 213: First elastic element;

[0087] 22: Main control board;

[0088] 23: Motor control board;

[0089] 24: Card slot module. Detailed Implementation

[0090] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] A fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system is used to perform fully automated detection on loaded microfluidic chips. For example... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a first temperature control module 1, a second temperature control module 2, a sample driving module 4, and an optical detection module 5.

[0092] The first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2 are along the first direction ( Figure 2 The left and right sides (as shown) are arranged opposite each other to clamp the amplification reaction chamber 203 region of the microfluidic chip 20 from both sides (see... Figure 16 The first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2 are in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction ( ). Figure 2The components are staggered in the vertical direction (as shown). Specifically, the upper part of the first temperature control module 1 extends beyond the upper boundary of the second temperature control module 2 in the second direction, thus forming a cavity area, i.e., the first accommodating space, on its upper side. Similarly, the lower part of the second temperature control module 2 extends beyond the lower boundary of the first temperature control module 1 in the second direction, thus defining another cavity area, i.e., the second accommodating space, on its lower side.

[0093] The linearly movable actuator 41 of the sample driving module 4, as its driving execution end, is arranged and housed within the first receiving space. The actuator 41 is configured to move horizontally along a path parallel to the first direction, thereby approaching and acting on the fluid driving unit (such as the airbag 202) of the microfluidic chip 20 located between the two temperature control modules.

[0094] The fluorescence acquisition unit 510 of the optical detection module 5, as its optical acquisition end, is arranged and housed in the second accommodating space for optical detection of the amplification reaction region of the microfluidic chip 20.

[0095] The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system in this embodiment achieves clamp-type heating by setting the first and second temperature control modules opposite each other. Based on this, the staggered arrangement of the two largest volume modules (temperature control modules) creates two physical spaces that can accommodate other key functional modules (driving, detection). This layout enables deep reuse of functional modules in three-dimensional space, fundamentally avoiding the size accumulation caused by traditional side-by-side or stacked layouts, and forms the architectural foundation for the system's ultra-compact integration.

[0096] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 11 and Figure 20 The sample driving module 4 includes a sample driving motor 42, an actuator rod 41 driven by the motor, and a pressure sensor 43. In this embodiment, the sample driving motor 42 is a push rod type linear stepper motor. The actuator rod 41 is threadedly connected to the extension rod of the motor to achieve linear motion. The pressure sensor 43 is a thin-film pressure sensor, which is installed between the end of the actuator rod 41 and the microfluidic chip 20 to detect the force applied by the actuator rod 41 along its axial direction in real time with high precision. In one embodiment, the actuator rod 41 can also be the extension rod of the motor itself. In this embodiment, by introducing a pressure sensor and closed-loop control, precise flow and position control is achieved, fundamentally solving the problem of experimental failure caused by driving deviation, and significantly improving the accuracy and repeatability of detection.

[0097] In one embodiment, the system has a built-in controller (e.g., main control board 22, see...). Figure 4The signal from pressure sensor 43 is acquired in real time. A closed-loop control algorithm (such as a PID algorithm) is run in the controller. The algorithm uses a preset target pressure or pressure change curve as the set value and the actual value fed back by the pressure sensor as the process value. It calculates and outputs control signals (such as pulse frequency and direction) to adjust the operation of the sample drive motor 42 in real time.

[0098] In another embodiment, the sample driving module 4 includes a sample driving motor 42 and an actuator rod 41, and the pressure sensor 43 is no longer provided. In this embodiment, the sample driving motor 42 is a push rod type linear stepper motor. By calibrating the stroke of the motor with the applied pressure, the extrusion force applied to the fluid driving unit of the microfluidic chip 20 is adjusted and determined by the stroke of the motor's telescopic rod.

[0099] In one embodiment, when the fluid driving unit of the microfluidic chip 20 is a flexible airbag 202 (see...) Figure 16 and Figure 20 The actuating rod 41 of the sample driving module 4 has a planar contact head at its front end. This contact head is preferably a circular or rectangular plane, and its surface can be adhered to or covered with a layer of elastic material (such as silicone or polyurethane). Figure 4 and Figure 20 (Illustrative diagram). During operation, the actuator 41 moves horizontally, and its front-end planar contact head aligns with and smoothly presses against the air bladder 202 area of ​​the microfluidic chip 20. Controllable pressure is applied through closed-loop control, causing the air bladder to deform and generate precise hydraulic pressure within the closed flow channel, driving the internal liquid flow. The planar contact head provides a uniform force-bearing surface, and combined with the elastic layer on the surface, it can gently and evenly compress the flexible air bladder, effectively avoiding the risk of localized stress concentration or even rupture of the air bladder that may be caused by point contact or edge contact, ensuring the reliability of the driving action and the safety of the microfluidic chip 20.

[0100] In one embodiment, when the fluid drive unit of the microfluidic chip 20 is a pushable plunger structure, the front end of the actuator rod 41 of the sample drive module 4 is configured differently. Specifically, the front end of the actuator rod 41 is configured as a plunger connector. The specific shape of this connector matches the structure of the plunger tail, for example, it can be a concave tapered interface, a sleeve with a slot, or a suction cup with a permanent magnet. During operation, the actuator rod 41 advances, and the connector at its front end physically or magnetically engages with the plunger tail on the microfluidic chip, subsequently generating a fluid driving force by pushing the plunger. The dedicated connector ensures efficient and reliable force transmission between the drive rod and the microfluidic chip plunger, precise engagement, and avoids slippage or offset, making it particularly suitable for plunger-type microfluidic chips that require large thrust or precise displacement control.

[0101] In the above implementation of the sample driving module, the number of actuators 41 is adjusted according to the structure of the microfluidic chip 20. For example, the microfluidic chip 20 has two airbags 202 (see...). Figure 16 If there is only one airbag 202, then two actuator rods 41 are set accordingly. If there is only one airbag 202, then only one actuator rod 41 is set. When the fluid drive unit of the microfluidic chip 20 is a pushable plunger structure, the number of actuator rods 41 is set in the same way as above, and will not be repeated here. Preferably, each actuator rod 41 is driven by a sample drive motor 42.

[0102] In one embodiment, the fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system has a heating lysis function. See also Figures 12 to 14 as well as Figure 17 and Figure 18 The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a sample lysis module 6, which is positioned above the first temperature control module 1, further saving overall space. In this embodiment, the sample lysis module 6 can be directly fixed to the first temperature control module 1, or it can be modularly mounted on the first temperature control module 1 via a mounting plate. This module includes a lead screw stepper motor 61 as a linear actuator, a push block 63 driven by the lead screw stepper motor 61 to perform linear motion, and a valve push rod assembly 64 and a heat-conducting push rod assembly 65 mounted side-by-side on the push block 63. The valve push rod assembly 64 is used to control the opening and closing of the diaphragm valve on the microfluidic chip, and the heat-conducting push rod assembly 65 is used to heat the lysis chamber of the microfluidic chip. In this embodiment, in the moving direction of the push block 63 (i.e., towards the microfluidic chip), the effective working length of the valve push rod assembly 64 is designed to be greater than the effective working length of the heat-conducting push rod assembly 65. See [reference needed]. Figure 14 The "effective working length" here refers to the distance from the drive reference surface of push block 63 to its respective functional end face (valve rod contact surface, heat-conducting block working surface). This simple "length difference" mechanical design automatically and reliably achieves the "valve close first, then heat" timing logic during the continuous stroke of push block 63 in a single forward movement. This eliminates the need for complex segmented program control, improving the reliability and response speed of the action.

[0103] See Figure 12 and Figure 14In one specific embodiment, the valve push rod assembly 64 includes an axially sliding first push rod 644 and a first elastic buffer mechanism. This elastic buffer mechanism provides the first push rod 644 with a continuous elastic preload towards the microfluidic chip. This allows the first push rod 644 to continue moving forward after hitting the valve through buffering, providing a stable and gentle closing force and preventing rigid impacts from damaging the precision diaphragm valve. The thermally conductive push rod assembly 65 includes a second push rod 652, a pyrolysis heating block 654 connected to its end, a pyrolysis heat-conducting block 655 applied to the working surface of the heating block, and an elastic heat-conducting layer 656 applied to the working surface of the pyrolysis heat-conducting block 655. The elastic heat-conducting layer 656 ensures that the heating surface can fit tightly and uniformly with the curved surface of the microfluidic chip, maximizing heat transfer efficiency. In this embodiment, the elastic buffering of the valve push rod achieves reliable flexible valve control; the elastic interface of the heat-conducting block ensures efficient and uniform heating. Together, they achieve automation while maximizing the protection of the microfluidic chip and optimizing pretreatment performance.

[0104] Furthermore, in one specific embodiment, see [link to specific implementation]. Figure 14 The first elastic buffer mechanism includes a first sleeve 641, a first compression spring 642, and a first guide ring 643. A first push rod 644 is axially slidably inserted into the first sleeve 641 and limited by the first guide ring 643. For example, the first guide ring 643 is a hollow cylindrical block, and it is disposed inside the first sleeve 641, capable of axial movement along the inner wall of the first sleeve 641. The end of the first push rod 644 has a threaded hole, and a first connecting screw 646 passes through the first guide ring 643 and is threadedly connected to the first push rod 644. The first compression spring 642 is disposed inside the first sleeve 641, with one end abutting against the push block 63 and the other end abutting against the first guide ring 643. Therefore, under the action of the spring force, the first push rod 644 always tends to extend (towards the microfluidic chip) and can compress the spring and retract when subjected to a reverse force. A silicone sleeve 645 is installed at the front end of the first push rod 644 for soft contact. This resilient buffer mechanism is compact, stable in performance, and easy to assemble and maintain.

[0105] See Figure 14In one embodiment, the heat-conducting push rod assembly 65 further includes a second sleeve 651 and a second compression spring 658. The second push rod 652 is axially slidably inserted into the second sleeve 651 and is limited by a second guide ring 657 and a second connecting screw 659. The second compression spring 658 is disposed between the push block 63 and the second guide ring 657, providing an elastic preload force to the second push rod 652 toward the microfluidic chip. The front end of the second push rod 652 is sequentially connected to the pyrolysis heating block 654, the pyrolysis heat-conducting block 655, and the elastic heat-conducting layer 656 via a mounting base 653. In this embodiment, an elastic support is also introduced for the heat-conducting push rod, giving the entire heating head assembly a certain "floating" capability. This allows it to adapt to minor unevenness on the surface of the microfluidic chip, ensuring a tighter and more uniform fit between the elastic heat-conducting layer 656 and the microfluidic chip, further improving heating efficiency and temperature uniformity, while also buffering possible assembly errors or vibrations.

[0106] Regarding the above-described embodiments of the sample pyrolysis module 6, in one embodiment, the mounting base 653 is made of non-conductive plastic and serves as the mounting base for the pyrolysis heating block 654. The pyrolysis heating block 654 is a resistance heating block. The pyrolysis heat-conducting block 655 can be screwed or embedded in the pyrolysis heating block 654 for heat conduction. The elastic heat-conducting layer 656 is made of heat-conducting foam.

[0107] In one embodiment, see Figures 17 to 19 The mixing module 7 is positioned above and mounted on the first temperature control module 1. In an embodiment with a sample lysis module 6, the mixing module 7 and the sample lysis module 6 are arranged side-by-side. The mixing module 7 includes a DC motor 71 and a magnet rotor 72 driven by the motor. The magnet rotor 72 includes a motor drive rod and a magnet 721 embedded within the motor drive rod, the magnet 721 rotating with the motor drive. A motor bracket 73 secures the entire mixing module to the housing of the first temperature control module 1.

[0108] During operation, the DC motor 71 rotates, driving the external magnetic rotor 72 to rotate synchronously, thereby generating a rotating magnetic field. This magnetic field penetrates the microfluidic chip substrate, driving a magnetic mixing rotor (not shown in the figure) pre-placed within the microfluidic chip's mixing chamber to rotate at high speed, achieving efficient mixing of the liquid within the chamber. Integrating the mixing module onto the temperature control module further utilizes system space. The non-contact magnetic mixing method has no mechanical penetration, does not damage the microfluidic chip's seal, poses no risk of contamination, has a simple structure, reliable operation, and low power consumption.

[0109] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a support frame 3. The support frame 3 includes a base plate 31 and two support plates 32 erected on the base plate 31 and spaced apart. The first temperature control module 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the two support plates 32 with screws through mounting ears on both sides, forming the main load-bearing core of the system.

[0110] The second temperature control module 2 is connected to the first temperature control module 1 via a guide assembly 21 (see the embodiments described later) and can move relative to the first temperature control module 1 along a first direction (clamping direction). A first elastic element 213 (e.g., a compression spring sleeved on the guide shaft 212) is provided on the guide assembly 21. Figure 8 (Illustrative image). The first elastic element 213 is pre-compressed, thereby continuously applying an elastic clamping force to the second temperature control module 2, causing it to move toward the first temperature control module 1.

[0111] The support plate 32 includes a vertical section and a supporting section. The vertical section is connected to the base plate 31, and one end of the supporting section is connected to the vertical section to support the first temperature control module. The supporting section is spaced apart from the base plate 31, and the space between it and the base plate is used to install other modules (e.g., power supplies). The support frame 3 provides a stable and precise mounting reference for all modules. The guide assembly 21 ensures the smooth movement of the second temperature control module. The first elastic element 213 provides a constant, adaptive clamping preload, enabling the system to automatically adapt to microfluidic chips of different thicknesses and achieve reliable clamping. Simultaneously, this elastic force naturally has overload protection to prevent damage to the microfluidic chip. In this embodiment, the base plate 31 can be part of the housing or a separate substrate with a separate mounting surface for modular installation.

[0112] To reduce the impact of stray light on the optical detection module, in one embodiment, see [link to implementation details]. Figure 5 A light-shielding plate 33 is disposed between the two support plates 32 and below the first temperature control module 1. This light-shielding plate 33 is preferably a Z-shaped bent black ABS plate or a blackened aluminum plate. The light-shielding plate 33, together with the two support plates 32 and the bottom of the first temperature control module 1, forms a relatively enclosed dark chamber surrounding the fluorescence acquisition unit 510. This dark chamber effectively blocks and absorbs stray light from the bottom of the system (such as the main control board indicator light and the display backlight) and other directions, thereby improving the sensitivity, accuracy, and repeatability of the detection.

[0113] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 10The optical detection module 5 is a linear scanning fluorescence detection module. It includes a scanning drive unit and a fluorescence acquisition unit 510. The scanning drive unit specifically consists of a detection drive motor 502, a synchronous pulley 503, a first idler pulley 504, a second idler pulley 505, a synchronous belt 506, a linear guide rail 507, a tension block 508, and a slider 509. The detection drive motor 502 drives the synchronous belt 506 to move, which in turn causes the slider 509, which is fixed to the synchronous belt 506, to make precise linear movements along the linear guide rail 507.

[0114] The fluorescence acquisition unit 510 (existing device) is fixedly mounted on the slider 509. Therefore, when the detection drive motor 502 operates, the fluorescence acquisition unit 510 is driven to move along a straight path parallel to the arrangement direction of the multiple amplification reaction chambers 203 on the microfluidic chip 20, allowing for sequential excitation and acquisition of fluorescence signals at the bottom of each chamber. This single movable detection unit enables cyclic detection of multiple reaction chambers, significantly reducing system complexity and cost compared to equipping each chamber with an independent detector. The linear scanning method offers accurate positioning and high speed, making it ideal for integration into compact spaces.

[0115] See Figure 16 The microfluidic chip 20 used in this embodiment has a sample loading port 201, two air bladders 202, and four amplification reaction chambers 203. A lysis chamber (not shown) is connected to the sample loading port 201 and is used for lysis reaction. The lysis chamber is connected to the mixing chamber (not shown) via a diaphragm valve. A magnetic mixing rotor (not shown) is disposed in the mixing chamber, which is connected to the amplification reaction chambers 203. It should be noted that the microfluidic chip 20 used in this embodiment is not an improvement of the present invention, but rather existing technology.

[0116] The optical detection module 5 also includes a first zero-position photoelectric switch 511 and a first limiting piece 512 for feedback of travel position. The scanning drive unit is integrally mounted on a detection module substrate 501 for easy modularization. The wire clamping piece 513 is mounted on the detection module substrate 501 by screws for fixing cables. The scanning drive unit is integrally mounted on one side of the detection module substrate 501, which is fixed to two support plates 32. The first temperature control module 1 is mounted on the other side of the detection module substrate 501, i.e., the first temperature control module 1 is mounted on the support plate 32 via the detection module substrate 501.

[0117] In the embodiment with the light-shielding plate 33, the detection drive motor 502 is located outside the dark room (see [reference]). Figure 4 Specifically, it is installed on the detection module substrate 501 and is located on the same side as the first temperature control module 1.

[0118] In one embodiment, see Figure 8 The guide assembly 21 includes a linear bearing 211 fixed to the back plate of the second temperature control module 2, and a guide shaft 212 passing through the linear bearing 211. Both ends of the guide shaft 212 are fixedly connected to the back plate or support plate 32 of the first temperature control module 1 via bearing seats. The guide shaft 212 is parallel to a first direction.

[0119] When the second temperature control module 2 is subjected to force, it slides along the guide shaft 212 via its linear bearing 211, thereby achieving smooth, low-friction linear movement in the first direction. This structure ensures that the two temperature control modules maintain a good parallel alignment during opening and closing. Compared to the solution of using a guide rail structure to achieve relative movement of the two temperature control modules, the guide assembly structure in this embodiment is simpler and occupies less space. In this embodiment, the first elastic element 213 is sleeved on the guide shaft 212. The first elastic element 213 is a compression spring.

[0120] Since the second temperature control module 2 is connected to the first temperature control module 1 only through a guide shaft 212 on one side, its own weight will generate a torque that causes it to rotate around the guide shaft (i.e., the front end tilts downward). Therefore, in one embodiment, see... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system incorporates a balancing mechanism 9. This mechanism provides an anti-tilting force (or torque) opposite to the direction of the gravitational tilting moment, thereby balancing the effects of gravity. This ensures that the second temperature control module 2 maintains its parallel relationship with the first temperature control module 1 regardless of its position, whether moving or stationary. Actively counteracting the gravitational torque fundamentally solves the natural tilting problem of the single-sided suspension structure, ensuring uniform pressure distribution and close contact between the two temperature control modules when clamping the microfluidic chip, further improving heating uniformity and thus enhancing detection accuracy.

[0121] In one specific implementation, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The balancing mechanism 9 includes a fixed block 91, a balancing guide rod 92 connected to the second temperature control module 2, and a second elastic element 93 acting between the fixed block 91 and the second temperature control module 2 (or the balancing guide rod 92).

[0122] The fixing block 91 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 31 by screws or a mounting bracket. The balance guide rod 92 passes through a linear bearing or smooth hole in the second temperature control module 2 and is arranged parallel to the aforementioned guide shaft 212. The other end of the balance guide rod 92 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 91 (e.g., by thread). The second elastic element 93 is a compression spring sleeved on the balance guide rod 92, with one end abutting against the fixing block 91 and the other end abutting against the step or flange of the balance guide rod 92, or the second temperature control module 2.

[0123] When the second temperature control module 2 moves, it slides away from the fixed block 91 along the balance guide rod 92, and the spring is compressed or released, always providing an upward support force. The torque formed by this force is used to balance the gravitational torque.

[0124] Of course, in some other embodiments, the balance guide rod 92 can be slidably connected to the fixed block 91 and fixedly connected to the second temperature control module 2. When the second temperature control module 2 moves, it drives the balance guide rod 92 to move synchronously, and the spring is compressed or released, which can always provide an upward support force. The torque formed by this force is used to balance the gravitational torque.

[0125] In this embodiment, the balancing mechanism reliably achieves anti-tilting function at extremely low cost through a simple structure combining guide rods and springs. The structure is simple and compact, and does not occupy too much extra space.

[0126] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 15 The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a pull-out module 8. This module includes a drive unit 81 (such as a lead screw stepper motor) and an actuating part 82 (such as a tension block mounted on the lead screw) driven by the drive unit 81. The movement path of the actuating part 82 is configured to selectively engage or disengage from the second temperature control module 2.

[0127] When a microfluidic chip needs to be inserted or removed, the controller activates the drive unit 81, driving the actuator 82 to engage with the second temperature control module 2 and continue moving. The pulling force applied by the actuator 82 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic element 213 on the guide assembly 21, thereby driving the second temperature control module 2 away from the first temperature control module 1, opening the clamping space. After the microfluidic chip is inserted, the drive unit 81 moves in the opposite direction, the actuator 82 disengages from the second temperature control module 2, and the second temperature control module 2 automatically resets and clamps the microfluidic chip under the action of the first elastic element 213. This achieves complete automation of the microfluidic chip loading process, eliminating the need for manual movement of the temperature control module, improving the automation level, ease of operation, and user experience of the equipment, and avoiding the risk of uneven clamping force or damage that may result from manual operation.

[0128] The following example, using a telescopic lead screw stepper motor as the drive unit 81, further illustrates the working process of the pull-out module 8. (See also...) Figure 2When the microfluidic chip 20 needs to be inserted or removed, the telescopic lead screw stepper motor operates, and the actuator 82 moves linearly with the lead screw, abutting against the second temperature control module 2 and overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic element 213, pulling the second temperature control module 2 away from the first temperature control module 1. During this process, the second temperature control module 2 compresses the first elastic element 213, giving the first elastic element 213 a greater preload. At this time, the device enters the release state, facilitating the insertion and removal of the microfluidic chip 20. When clamping is required, the lead screw of the telescopic lead screw stepper motor moves in the opposite direction, causing the actuator 82 to move towards the first temperature control module 1. During this process, the first elastic element 213 gradually releases its elastic force, and the second temperature control module 2 automatically resets under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic element 213. The device enters the clamping state and continues to move until the actuator 82 disengages from the second temperature control module 2, allowing the second temperature control module 2 to clamp the microfluidic chip 20 under the action of the first elastic element 213. This implementation does not use rigid clamping, but achieves clamping through the elastic force of the first elastic element, thus avoiding damage to the microfluidic chip 20.

[0129] To further improve heating efficiency and heating uniformity, in one embodiment, see [link to embodiment]. Figures 6 to 9 Both the first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2 include a heat-conducting block 11. This heat-conducting block 11 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity (such as copper or aluminum alloy). Multiple protrusions 111 are machined on the side facing the microfluidic chip 20. The shape, size, and arrangement of these protrusions 111 precisely correspond to the amplification reaction chambers 203 on the microfluidic chip 20 to be tested. The top surface of the protrusions 111 serves as the final thermal contact surface. By concentrating the heat conduction area in the reaction chamber region of the microfluidic chip 20 through the protrusion design, heat exchange with non-reaction regions is significantly reduced, thereby lowering the overall heat capacity and achieving faster heating and cooling rates to meet the requirements of rapid PCR. Simultaneously, this also helps improve the temperature consistency between the various reaction chambers.

[0130] In one embodiment, see Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in the first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2, the side of the heat-conducting block 11 facing away from the boss 111 (i.e., the back side) is tightly fitted with a Peltier 12 (thermoelectric semiconductor device). The other side of the Peltier 12 is in close contact with the heat sink 16. By changing the direction and magnitude of the DC current input to the Peltier 12 through an external power drive controller, its working state can be controlled: when the current flows in one direction, one side of the Peltier 12 absorbs heat (cools), and the other side releases heat; when the current is reversed, the heat flow direction is also reversed. Therefore, the same Peltier 12 can achieve heating or cooling of the heat-conducting block 11. As a solid-state heat pump, the Peltier can achieve rapid and precise heating and cooling without any moving parts or refrigerant, with fast response speed, high temperature control accuracy, and compact structure.

[0131] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the two temperature control modules have basically symmetrical structures and the same principle.

[0132] Each temperature control module includes a core heat-conducting block 11, the back of which (the side facing away from the microfluidic chip 20) is tightly attached to a Peltier 12. The other side of the Peltier 12 is in close contact with a heat sink 16. The heat sink 16 is preferably an aluminum extrusion or copper-aluminum composite with dense fins 161, which efficiently dissipates (or absorbs) the heat (or cold) generated by the Peltier 12 during operation into the air.

[0133] A duct 17 serves as the main body of the temperature control module. The duct 17 is typically a U-shaped or rectangular air guide shroud formed by bending sheet metal. The heat sink 16 itself constitutes the entire sidewall of the duct 17 facing the heat guide block 11 (i.e., the inner side). In other words, the fins 161 of the heat sink extend completely into and are exposed in the internal cavity of the duct 17. Alternatively, the heat sink 16 can also be a separate component, tightly attached to the flat wall surface of the inner side of the duct 17 by thermal adhesive or screws.

[0134] At one end of air duct 17 (such as...) Figure 6 , Figure 7 At one end of the duct 17, a cooling fan 18 is installed. At the other end of the duct 17, a vent 171 is provided. When the cooling fan 18 is working, it draws in external cooling air through the vent 171. The airflow flows along the duct 17 and is forced across the surface of the fins 161 of the radiator 16, quickly carrying away the heat on the fins (from the hot end of the Peltier 12). The hot air is then exhausted outside the device by the fan (through the grille on the housing 10). When the Peltier 12 is working in cooling mode, this airflow is used to cool the radiator 16 (which is the heat-absorbing end of the Peltier at this time).

[0135] In addition, an independent vortex fan 19 can also be integrated into the first temperature control module 1 (see Figure 6 Its air outlet can be directed at the microfluidic chip 20 to rapidly cool the lysis chamber area of ​​the microfluidic chip 20 after the sample lysis step, thereby accelerating the cooling process and improving detection efficiency.

[0136] To protect the Peltier and further improve heating efficiency, in one embodiment, see [reference needed]. Figure 9 An elastomer layer 13 and a pressure plate 14 are sequentially provided on the outer side of the heat-conducting block 11. Both the elastomer layer 13 and the pressure plate 14 are provided with holes or notches for the boss 111 to pass through. Preferably, see Figure 6 As shown, two guide bars 141 are provided on the pressure plate 14 of one of the temperature control modules at intervals to guide and limit the position of the microfluidic chip 20.

[0137] To improve safety, each temperature control module can also be equipped with an over-temperature protection module 15. The over-temperature protection module 15 has a temperature-sensing fuse. When the temperature exceeds the preset safe temperature, the fuse blows and stops supplying power to the Peltier.

[0138] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a card insertion module 24. This module 24 serves as the loading and positioning mechanism for the microfluidic chip during the detection process. It is positioned between the first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2, corresponding to the heating area. The card insertion module 24 is fixed to the first temperature control module 1. The card insertion module 24 is a channel open at both ends. Its structure and position are configured such that when the microfluidic chip 20 is inserted, it can guide the chip to accurately enter the predetermined position, thereby being held by the first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2. The channel has cutouts at positions corresponding to the sample lysis module 6, the mixing module 7, and the sample driving module 4, allowing the execution ends of these modules to pass through and perform corresponding operations on the microfluidic chip 20. Preferably, a detection switch (such as a micro switch, photoelectric switch, or pressure sensor) is installed below or on one side of the card slot module 24 to detect in real time whether the microfluidic chip 20 has been placed in place; the detection signal is transmitted to the system controller to determine whether to allow the subsequent experimental process to start, thereby ensuring the positional accuracy of the chip before detection and the reliability of the system operation.

[0139] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system also includes a housing 10. The housing 10 is an injection-molded or sheet metal-molded box, and its internal space accommodates the support frame 3, the first temperature control module 1, the second temperature control module 2, the sample driving module 4, the optical detection module 5, the sample lysis module 6, the mixing module 7, and all other electronic and electrical components.

[0140] The front of the housing 10 typically features a flip cover 101 for easy insertion and removal of the microfluidic chip 20. A touchscreen display 102 is integrated on the top or front of the housing 10 for human-computer interaction, parameter setting, and result display. The housing 10 also includes necessary elements such as a power switch and interfaces.

[0141] The enclosure provides physical protection, electromagnetic shielding, electrical safety, and an aesthetically pleasing commercial appearance for the internal precision mechanisms. It also integrates a complex mechatronics system into a robust, reliable, standalone instrument, facilitating transportation, installation, and use.

[0142] In this embodiment, the system also includes conventional components necessary to achieve its full functionality, such as: a power module (installed in the second accommodating space to power the motors, Peltiers, and controllers), a main control board 22 (integrating the system controller, which can be installed on the base plate 31), a motor control board 23, various sensor signal conditioning circuits, and internal connection harnesses, etc. The selection, layout, and connection methods of these components are conventional designs that can be implemented by those skilled in the art according to system requirements, and will not be described in detail here.

[0143] In this embodiment, the motors / drive units are mainly located above the two temperature control modules. For ease of connection and proper layout, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 4 and Figure 11 A motor control board 23 is provided, which is located below the sample drive module 4 and installed on the second temperature control module 2. It is connected to the main control board 22 via a flexible flat cable.

[0144] Based on this embodiment, during use, the user opens the flip cover 101, and the system automatically or via a button activates the pull-out module 8, opening the temperature control module clamping space. After the user places the microfluidic chip 20 with the sample added, the flip cover is closed, the pull-out module resets, and the second temperature control module 2 automatically clamps the microfluidic chip 20 under the action of the elastic element. Subsequently, the system runs fully automatically according to the preset program: 1) The sample lysis module 6 operates, closing the valve and heating the lysis sample; 2) The sample driving module 4 and the mixing module 7 work together to drive the lysed sample to the mixing chamber for mixing; 3) The sample driving module 4 then precisely drives the mixed PCR reaction system to the amplification reaction chamber 203 and pressurizes it to prevent the generation of air bubbles; 4) The first temperature control module 1 and the second temperature control module 2 execute the preset PCR temperature control program; 5) Simultaneously, the optical detection module 5 scans back and forth, performing real-time fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis on each amplification reaction chamber 203. After the entire process is completed, the system prompts completion, and the user can remove the microfluidic chip 20 and view the test report on the display screen.

[0145] Any aspects of this invention not described in detail are common knowledge or prior art in the field.

[0146] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and in the absence of conflict between solutions, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0147] Furthermore, without departing from the scope of the present invention, modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions of some of the technical features, shall not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system for automatically detecting loaded microfluidic chips, characterized in that, The system includes: A first temperature control module and a second temperature control module are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction to clamp and temperature control the amplification reaction region of the microfluidic chip from both sides; wherein, the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module are staggered in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, such that a portion of the first temperature control module protrudes from the second temperature control module in the second direction to form a first receiving space, and a portion of the second temperature control module protrudes from the first temperature control module in the second direction to form a second receiving space; The sample driving module includes a linearly movable actuator as a driving end, configured to apply a controllable squeezing force to the fluid driving unit of the microfluidic chip to drive the liquid inside the microfluidic chip; at least the actuator of the sample driving module is housed in the first receiving space and can approach and act on the fluid driving unit along an action path parallel to the second direction. An optical detection module is used to perform optical detection on the amplification reaction region; at least the fluorescence acquisition unit of the optical detection module is housed within the second accommodating space. It also includes a support frame; the support frame includes a base plate and two support plates erected thereon and spaced apart; the first temperature control module is fixed on the two support plates; the second temperature control module is connected to the first temperature control module through a guide component and can move along the first direction; the system also includes a first elastic element disposed on the guide component, the first elastic element being used to provide the second temperature control module with an elastic clamping force toward the first temperature control module; It also includes a pull-out module, which includes a drive unit and an actuation part, the actuation part being configured to selectively engage with the second temperature control module to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic element and drive the second temperature control module away from the first temperature control module.

2. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample driving module also includes a sample driving motor and a pressure sensor; the actuation rod is driven by the sample driving motor, the pressure sensor is used to detect the force applied by the actuation rod, and the system controller controls the operation of the sample driving motor in a closed loop according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor.

3. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fluid drive unit is a flexible airbag on the microfluidic chip; the end of the actuator rod is configured as a planar contact head suitable for squeezing the flexible airbag.

4. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fluid drive unit is a pushable plunger structure on the microfluidic chip; the end of the actuator rod is configured as a plunger connector that mates with the plunger structure.

5. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sample lysis module, which is disposed above the first temperature control module; The sample lysis module includes a linear actuator, a pusher block driven by the linear actuator to perform linear motion, and a valve push rod assembly and a heat-conducting push rod assembly mounted on the pusher block. The valve push rod assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the valve on the microfluidic chip, and the heat-conducting push rod assembly is used to heat the lysis chamber of the microfluidic chip. In the direction of movement of the pusher block, the effective working length of the valve push rod assembly is greater than the effective working length of the heat-conducting push rod assembly.

6. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve push rod assembly includes an axially sliding first push rod and a first elastic buffer mechanism; the first elastic buffer mechanism provides an elastic preload force to the first push rod in the direction of the microfluidic chip; The heat-conducting top rod assembly includes a second top rod, a cracking heating block connected to the end of the second top rod, a cracking heat-conducting block applied to the working surface of the cracking heating block, and an elastic heat-conducting layer applied to the working surface of the cracking heat-conducting block.

7. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first elastic buffer mechanism includes a first sleeve, a first compression spring, and a first guide ring; the first push rod is axially slidably inserted into the first sleeve and limited by the first guide ring; the first compression spring is disposed between the push block and the first guide ring.

8. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The heat-conducting push rod assembly also includes a second sleeve and a second compression spring; the second push rod is axially slidably inserted into the second sleeve and limited by a second guide ring; the second compression spring is disposed between the push block and the second guide ring to provide elastic preload for the second push rod.

9. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mixing module, which is disposed above the first temperature control module and is used to apply a rotating magnetic field to the mixing chamber in the microfluidic chip.

10. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A light-shielding plate is provided between the two support plates and below the first temperature control module. The light-shielding plate, together with the two support plates and the first temperature control module, forms a relatively enclosed dark chamber for accommodating the fluorescence collection unit of the optical detection module.

11. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding assembly includes a linear bearing fixed on the second temperature control module and a guide shaft passing through it. The guide shaft is connected to the first temperature control module and guides the second temperature control module to move smoothly along the first direction.

12. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes a balancing mechanism to provide anti-tilt force to balance the gravitational tilt caused by the second temperature control module being connected to the first temperature control module in a unilateral suspension state and to maintain the parallel relationship between the second temperature control module and the first temperature control module.

13. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The balancing mechanism includes a fixed block, a balancing guide rod connected to the second temperature control module, and a second elastic element acting between the fixed block and the second temperature control module; The balance guide rod passes through the fixed block and is arranged parallel to the guide shaft. When the second temperature control module moves along the guide shaft, the second temperature control module moves along the balance guide rod, or the second temperature control module and the balance guide rod move together relative to the fixed block.

14. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical detection module is a linear scanning fluorescence detection module, including a scanning drive unit and a fluorescence acquisition unit; the scanning drive unit drives the fluorescence acquisition unit to move linearly along the arrangement direction of the amplification reaction chamber of the microfluidic chip.

15. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module include a heat-conducting block. The heat-conducting block has multiple protrusions on the side facing the microfluidic chip, and the positions of the multiple protrusions correspond to the positions of the amplification reaction chambers of the microfluidic chip.

16. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 15, characterized in that: Both the first temperature control module and the second temperature control module further include a Peltier, which is attached to the side of the heat-conducting block away from the boss, and is used to heat and / or cool the heat-conducting block.

17. The fully automated nucleic acid detection and analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a housing, in which the first temperature control module, the second temperature control module, the sample driving module, and the optical detection module are all disposed.

Images