A hydraulic mechanical cavity creating device for coal seam permeability improvement and a method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to coal seam permeability enhancement technical field, and disclose a kind of hydraulic mechanical cavitation device for coal seam permeability enhancement and use method, comprising: rack, the rack is slidably installed with step module, hydraulic machine is slidably installed on the step module;The output end of the hydraulic machine is threadedly connected with first drill rod, the first drill rod is threadedly connected with second drill rod at one end away from the hydraulic machine, and drill-in assembly is connected at the end of the second drill rod away from the first drill rod;Expanding hole assembly is arranged in the second drill rod.By the cooperation of drill-in assembly and driving mechanism, drill bit can be drilled by mechanical impact, and the technical effect of permeability enhancement and cavitation is achieved.Compared with high-pressure water driving technology, the use of mechanical impact has the advantages of accurate control and stable operation, and also avoids the gas gushing, hole plugging and equipment hazards existing in hydraulic permeability enhancement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal seam permeability enhancement technology, specifically to a hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal seam permeability enhancement is an engineering measure that uses specific techniques to disrupt the original dense structure of the coal seam and construct an artificial fracture network, thereby reducing the resistance to gas flow and improving the permeability of the coal seam. Its core function is to solve the problem of difficult gas extraction in low-permeability coal seams. It can effectively reduce the gas pressure and content in the coal seam, prevent safety hazards such as gas outbursts, and improve gas extraction efficiency and concentration, thus providing a guarantee for safe mine production and the rational development of coalbed methane resources. Most existing mechanical cavity-making technologies for coal seam permeability enhancement use high-pressure water-assisted mechanical cutting to achieve borehole enlargement and permeability enhancement. Its working principle is to pressurize water through an underground high-pressure pump station and deliver it to the cavity-making device. The high-pressure water jet impacts and weakens the coal body, and then the high-pressure water drives the reaming cutter to expand radially. Combined with the rotation of the drill rod and axial advancement, the coal body is cut and squeezed. The generated coal chips are discharged with the high-pressure water backflow to form a cavity space, thereby improving the permeability of the coal seam and the efficiency of gas extraction.

[0003] However, the existing technology has the following problems:

[0004] In practical applications, existing high-pressure water-driven mechanical cavity-making technology suffers from poor reliability because the opening and closing of the cutting tools relies entirely on high-pressure water power. This makes the opening and closing of the cutting tools highly susceptible to fluctuations in water pressure, leading to malfunctions such as the cutting tools failing to fully open or retract. Furthermore, the strong impact of high-pressure water on the coal seam can cause instantaneous pressure relief, potentially inducing safety risks such as gas surges and borehole wall ruptures. In addition, the large amount of coal slurry generated during the operation can easily cause blockages in the borehole and cutting tool jamming, affecting the continuity of construction. Moreover, the pipeline system is subjected to high-pressure loads for a long time, posing risks such as pipe bursts and joint detachment. The equipment is difficult and costly to maintain, resulting in low overall operational safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic mechanical cavity-making device and its usage method for improving the permeability of coal seams in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and overcome the defects of the prior art, as detailed below.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a hydraulic mechanical cavity-making device for coal seam permeability enhancement, comprising: a frame, on which a stepping module is slidably mounted, and on which a hydraulic press is slidably mounted; a first drill rod is threadedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic press, a second drill rod is threadedly connected to the end of the first drill rod away from the hydraulic press, and a drilling assembly is connected to the end of the second drill rod away from the first drill rod; the drilling assembly includes a connector, which is threadedly connected to the second drill rod, and a drill bit is rotatably connected to the end of the connector away from the second drill rod; a hole-reaming assembly is provided inside the second drill rod, the hole-reaming assembly including two hole-reaming rods, which can ream the borehole through opening and closing movements; and a driving mechanism for driving the drilling assembly and the hole-reaming assembly is provided inside the first and second drill rods.

[0008] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a first round rod, a square rod, a second round rod, and a ratchet sleeve. The first round rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first drill rod. The square rod and the second round rod are both slidably connected inside the second drill rod. The square rod is connected to the second round rod. One end of the first round rod abuts against the output end of the hydraulic press, and the other end of the first round rod abuts against the square rod. A spring is provided between the first round rod and the inner wall of the first drill rod. Springs are also provided between the square rod and the second round rod and the inner wall of the second drill rod. The ratchet sleeve is unidirectionally rotatably connected to the end of the second round rod away from the square rod via a ratchet and pawl structure. A first sliding tongue is connected to the outer wall of the ratchet sleeve. A first arc-shaped groove is provided on the inner wall of the drill bit. The first sliding tongue is slidably connected to the first arc-shaped groove. When the first sliding tongue moves towards the drill bit, it can drive the drill bit to rotate unidirectionally using the first arc-shaped groove.

[0009] Preferably, the ratchet sleeve is hinged with two semi-conical rods, which are arranged in a mirror image and form a chisel rod. The drill bit has a circular hole, and both semi-conical rods pass through the circular hole of the drill bit.

[0010] Preferably, an abutment rod is movably connected inside the circular hole of the drill bit, and a gap is provided between the two semi-conical rods. The abutment rod is located in the gap between the two semi-conical rods, and the two semi-conical rods can be squeezed and unfolded by the abutment rod when they move toward the drill bit.

[0011] Preferably, the second drill rod has two long slots, and the two reaming rods are respectively hinged in the two long slots. A set of teeth is connected to the outer wall of the hinge part between the reaming rod and the second drill rod. Two racks are connected to the outer wall of the square rod. The two sets of teeth mesh with the two racks respectively. When the racks move, they can drive the reaming rod to swing outward of the second drill rod through a set of teeth.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the expanding rod away from the teeth is provided with a mounting hole, a short shaft is movably inserted into the mounting hole of the expanding rod, and a prism is connected to the short shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a spring is provided between the short shaft and the mounting hole of the expanding rod, a second sliding tongue is connected to the outer wall of the short shaft, a second arc-shaped groove is provided in the mounting hole of the expanding rod, the second sliding tongue is slidably connected to the second arc-shaped groove, and the short shaft can rotate by utilizing the cooperation between the second sliding tongue and the second arc-shaped groove when it extends and retracts in the mounting hole.

[0014] Preferably, the second drill rod is provided with a slag removal assembly, which includes a slip ring that is slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the second drill rod. A spring is provided between the slip ring and the second drill rod. A set of mounting plates are respectively connected to both ends of the slip ring. A row of paddles is hinged in a linear array on the mounting plates. Two sliding shafts are connected to the inner side of the slip ring. The inner walls of the two reaming rods are respectively provided with inclined sliding grooves. The two sliding shafts are slidably connected to the inclined sliding grooves of the two reaming rods. When the two reaming rods are opened, they can drive the slip ring to move away from the drill bit through the cooperation of the two inclined sliding grooves and the two sliding shafts.

[0015] Preferably, the mounting plate is equipped with a first limiting block and a second limiting block on both sides of each lever. The first limiting block is located on the side of the lever closer to the drill bit, and the first limiting block can hold the lever in place so that the lever is perpendicular to the mounting plate. The second limiting block is located on the side of the lever away from the drill bit, and the second limiting block can hold the lever in place so that the lever and the mounting plate form a 20-degree angle.

[0016] A method for using a hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Installation and fixing of the device. Fix the frame to the roadway with anchor bolts, and connect the first drill rod, the second drill rod and the joint by thread. Check the tightness of the connection.

[0018] Step 2: Adjust the operating parameters. Adjust the height and angle of the stepper module to align the drill bit with the working point.

[0019] Step 3: Start drilling operation, start the hydraulic press, drive the drill bit to rotate in one direction, and the stepping module synchronously drives the hydraulic press to step forward, thereby starting the drilling operation. During the drilling process, the first drill rod is added according to the drilling depth to extend the drilling length. The stepping module drives the hydraulic press to move to cooperate with the connection operation.

[0020] Step 4: Hole enlargement operation. The rack of the square rod meshes with the teeth of the hole enlarger rod, causing the hole enlarger rod to open. The expansion of the hole enlarger rod achieves increased permeability of the coal seam.

[0021] Step 5: Synchronous slag removal operation. When the two expanding rods open and close, they drive the slip ring to move back and forth. The paddles on the two sets of mounting plates continuously push the slag towards the orifice through the reciprocating movement.

[0022] Step Six: Finishing and Resetting the Work, shut down the hydraulic press, and the stepper module drives the first drill rod, the second drill rod, and the drilling components to withdraw from the borehole.

[0023] The beneficial effects are:

[0024] 1. This hydraulic mechanical cavity-making device for coal seam permeability enhancement, through the cooperation of the drilling components and the drive mechanism, enables the drill bit to drill through mechanical impact, achieving the technical effect of permeability enhancement and cavity making. Furthermore, the drill bit rotates during impact with the coal seam, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of the drill bit. Simultaneously, two semi-conical rods protrude from the drill bit and impact the coal seam, effectively chiseling the coal seam. After the two semi-conical rods insert into the coal seam, they undergo an expansion movement, widening the cracks in the coal seam and further accelerating drilling efficiency. Compared to high-pressure water-driven technology, the mechanical impact method offers advantages in precise control and stable operation, while also avoiding the gas surge, hole blockage, and equipment hazards associated with hydraulic permeability enhancement. It is suitable for complex coal seams and significantly improves the stability and safety of permeability enhancement and cavity making operations.

[0025] 2. This hydraulic mechanical cavity-making device for coal seam permeability enhancement, through the cooperation of the reaming assembly and the drive mechanism, enables two reaming rods to open synchronously while the drill bit is drilling. During the opening process, the two reaming rods contact and collide with the inner wall of the borehole, causing the reaming rods to impact and create gaps in the coal seam, thus achieving the permeability enhancement effect. Furthermore, after the ridge blocks on the reaming rods are embedded in the coal seam, they rotate to form more coal seam cracks, further enhancing the permeability enhancement effect.

[0026] 3. The hydraulic mechanical cavity-making device for coal seam permeability enhancement, through the setting of the slag discharge component, pushes the coal slag generated by the drill bit cutting to the outside of the borehole when the paddles on the two sets of mounting plates move away from the drill bit, thus avoiding the accumulation of coal slag at the bottom of the borehole and preventing the normal operation of the hole-enlarging component from being affected by blocking the drilling channel. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second drill pipe structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connector of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ratchet sleeve of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-conical rod structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second drill pipe of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the hole-expanding assembly structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the expanding rod of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the slag discharge assembly structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the slip ring structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the paddle structure of the present invention.

[0042] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0043] 1. Frame; 2. Stepper module; 3. Hydraulic press; 4. First drill rod; 5. Second drill rod;

[0044] 6. Drilling assembly; 61. Connector; 62. Drill bit; 63. Half-cone rod; 64. Abutment rod;

[0045] 7. Drive mechanism; 71. First round rod; 72. Square rod; 73. Second round rod; 74. Ratchet sleeve; 75. First sliding tongue;

[0046] 8. Hole reaming assembly; 81. Hole reaming rod; 82. Tooth; 83. Rack; 84. Short shaft; 85. Edge block; 86. Second sliding tongue;

[0047] 9. Slag discharge assembly; 91. Slip ring; 92. Mounting plate; 93. Paddle; 94. First limit block; 95. Second limit block; 96. Sliding shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] One embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0050] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 10 A hydraulic mechanical cavity-making device for coal seam permeability enhancement includes: a frame 1, a stepping module 2 slidably mounted on the frame 1, a hydraulic press 3 slidably mounted on the stepping module 2, a first drill rod 4 threadedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic press 3, a second drill rod 5 threadedly connected to the end of the first drill rod 4 away from the hydraulic press 3, and a drilling assembly 6 connected to the end of the second drill rod 5 away from the first drill rod 4. The drilling assembly 6 includes a connector 61 threadedly connected to the second drill rod 5, and a drill bit 62 rotatably connected to the end of the connector 61 away from the second drill rod 5. The frame 1 can be fixed in the roadway, providing a stable support foundation. The stepping module 2 slides with the frame 1 via a guide rail, and can drive... The hydraulic press 3 achieves precise feed adjustment along the frame 1 to meet the drilling needs of different depths. The stepping module 2 can also adjust the angle on the frame 1 to meet the drilling needs of different angles. The stepping module 2 is equipped with a drive device that can drive the hydraulic press 3 to move along the stepping module 2 to match the stepping requirements of the drilling operation. The threaded connection between the first drill rod 4 and the second drill rod 5 extends the length of the drill rod. There are multiple first drill rods 4, which can be flexibly disassembled and connected according to the drilling length through the threaded connection method, and flexibly combined according to the working depth. The joint 61 provides rotational support for the drill bit 62 through the rotating connection structure, so that the drill bit 62 can rotate independently relative to the joint 61.

[0051] In addition, a borehole reaming assembly 8 is provided inside the second drill rod 5. The borehole reaming assembly 8 includes two reaming rods 81. The two reaming rods 81 can ream the borehole through opening and closing movements. The two reaming rods 81 adopt a symmetrical design. When closed, they fit against the outer wall of the second drill rod 5 to reduce the travel resistance in the borehole. When reaming is performed, the reaming rods 81 apply radial expansion force to the inner wall of the borehole through opening and closing movements, thereby enlarging the initial borehole diameter, increasing the contact area between the coal seam and the borehole, destroying the original structure of the coal seam, reducing the gas extraction resistance, and thus achieving the core purpose of increasing the permeability of the coal seam. The borehole channel after reaming is more conducive to the flow and extraction of gases such as gas.

[0052] In addition, the first drill rod 4 and the second drill rod 5 are equipped with a drive mechanism 7 for driving the drilling assembly 6 and the reaming assembly 8. The drive mechanism 7 includes a first round rod 71, a square rod 72, a second round rod 73, and a ratchet sleeve 74. The first round rod 71 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first drill rod 4. The square rod 72 and the second round rod 73 are both slidably connected to the second drill rod 5. The square rod 72 is connected to the second round rod 73. One end of the first round rod 71 abuts against the output end of the hydraulic press 3, and the other end of the first round rod 71 abuts against the square rod 72. A spring is provided between rod 71 and the inner wall of the first drill rod 4. Springs are also provided between square rod 72 and the inner wall of the second round rod 73 and the second drill rod 5. The ratchet sleeve 74 is unidirectionally rotatably connected to the end of the second round rod 73 away from the square rod 72 through a ratchet and pawl structure. A first sliding tongue 75 is connected to the outer wall of the ratchet sleeve 74. A first arc-shaped groove is opened on the inner wall of the drill bit 62. The first sliding tongue 75 is slidably connected to the first arc-shaped groove. When the first sliding tongue 75 moves towards the drill bit 62, it can drive the drill bit 62 to rotate unidirectionally using the first arc-shaped groove.The first round rod 71 can move axially along the inner wall of the first drill rod 4 via a sliding connection. One end of it abuts against the output end of the hydraulic press 3, converting the axial pressure of the hydraulic press 3 into its own sliding power. The other end abuts against the square rod 72 to achieve power transmission. When multiple first drill rods 4 are installed, the multiple first round rods 71 ​​abut against each other, also playing the role of power transmission. The springs between the first round rod 71 and the inner wall of the first drill rod 4, and the springs between the square rod 72 and the second round rod 73 and the inner wall of the second drill rod 5, all play a reset role. When the hydraulic press 3... After startup, the output end of the hydraulic press 3 performs a telescopic impact motion, causing the output end of the hydraulic press 3 to drive the square rod 72 and the second round rod 73 to impact towards the drill bit 62 via the first round rod 71. When the output end of the hydraulic press 3 retracts and resets, the first round rod 71, the square rod 72, and the second round rod 73 reset due to the elastic force of the springs, causing the ratchet sleeve 74 connected to the second round rod 73 to also perform a telescopic impact motion. The square structure of the square rod 72 can prevent the square rod 72 body from rotating relative to the drill rod 5, ensuring... To ensure precise power transmission, the ratchet sleeve 74 and the second round rod 73 are connected by a ratchet pawl structure that restricts their unidirectional rotation. Specifically, the second round rod 73 can only drive the ratchet sleeve 74 to rotate in one direction. When the second round rod 73 moves towards the drill bit 62, the ratchet sleeve 74 moves synchronously. Its outer wall's first sliding tongue 75 slides within the first arc-shaped groove on the inner wall of the drill bit 62. The arc-shaped groove guides the axial movement, converting it into a unidirectional rotational motion of the drill bit 62. During this process, the ratchet pawl structure... The ratchet sleeve 74 is limited, preventing it from rotating. This allows the drill bit 62 to rotate when impacting the coal seam, thereby improving its cutting efficiency. When the ratchet sleeve 74 retracts and resets, the first sliding tongue 75 on the ratchet sleeve 74 slides along the first arc-shaped groove. At this time, the ratchet sleeve 74 and the first sliding tongue 75 rotate due to the counter-thrust force of the first arc-shaped groove. This prevents the ratchet sleeve 74 from driving the drill bit 62 to rotate when it moves away from the drill bit 62, thus ensuring the unidirectional rotational motion characteristic of the drill bit 62.

[0053] It is worth noting that two semi-conical rods 63 are hinged to the ratchet sleeve 74. The two semi-conical rods 63 are mirror-shaped and form a chisel rod. The drill bit 62 has a circular hole, and the two semi-conical rods 63 pass through the circular hole of the drill bit 62. The two mirror-shaped semi-conical rods 63 are brought together to form a complete cylindrical chisel rod. The circular hole on the drill bit 62 provides guidance and limit for the semi-conical rods 63, preventing them from deviating during drilling. When the ratchet sleeve 74 impacts towards the drill bit 62, the ratchet sleeve 74 drives the two semi-conical rods 63 to protrude out of the drill bit 62 and impact the coal seam, so that the two semi-conical rods 63 can play the role of chiseling the coal seam. After the coal seam is chiseled, it helps to break the drill bit 62, thereby improving drilling efficiency. When the ratchet sleeve 74 moves away from the drill bit 62, the two semi-conical rods 63 retract accordingly.

[0054] It is worth noting that an abutment rod 64 is movably connected inside the circular hole of the drill bit 62. A gap exists between the two semi-conical rods 63, and the abutment rod 64 is located within this gap. When the two semi-conical rods 63 move towards the drill bit 62, they are compressed and unfolded by the abutment rod 64. The abutment rod 64 is movably connected inside the circular hole of the drill bit 62. When the drill bit 62 rotates, the abutment rod 64 remains within the gap between the two semi-conical rods 63, forming a compression fulcrum. When the ratchet sleeve 74 drives the two semi-conical rods 63 to impact towards the drill bit 62, the two semi-conical rods 63 move closer to each other. Sliding along the outer wall of the contact rod 64, when the half-cone rod 63 is about to impact the coal seam, the part of the half-cone rod 63 that is hinged to the ratchet sleeve 74 contacts the contact rod 64, causing the two half-cone rods 63 to be squeezed by the contact rod 64 and swing outward synchronously, causing the tips of the two half-cone rods 63 that are in contact with the coal seam to separate from each other. After the two half-cone rods 63 are inserted into the coal seam, they undergo an expansion movement, which widens the cracks in the coal seam and further accelerates the drilling efficiency. When the two half-cone rods 63 retract, the outer walls of the two half-cone rods 63 slide along the circular hole of the drill bit 62. During this process, they are pushed by the edge of the circular hole and then come together again.

[0055] It is worth mentioning that two long slots are formed on the second drill rod 5, and two reaming rods 81 are respectively hinged in the two long slots. A set of teeth 82 is connected to the outer wall of the hinge part between the reaming rod 81 and the second drill rod 5. Two racks 83 are connected to the outer wall of the square rod 72. The two sets of teeth 82 mesh with the two racks 83 respectively. When the racks 83 move, they can drive the reaming rod 81 to swing outward of the second drill rod 5 through a set of teeth 82. The teeth 82 at the hinge part of the reaming rod 81 and the set of racks 83 on the outer wall of the square rod 72 form a meshing transmission mechanism. When the square rod 72 moves towards the second drill rod 5, the teeth 82 at the hinge part of the reaming rod 81 and the set of racks 83 on the outer wall of the square rod 72 form a meshing transmission mechanism. When the square rod 72 moves towards the drill bit 62, the square rod 72 drives the rack 83 to move synchronously. The rack 83 drives the reaming rod 81 to swing outward of the second drill rod 5 through a set of teeth 82, thereby achieving the effect of the two reaming rods 81 opening synchronously. During the opening process, the reaming rod 81 contacts and collides with the inner wall of the borehole, causing the reaming rod 81 to impact and create a gap in the coal seam, achieving the effect of increasing permeability. When the square rod 72 moves away from the drill bit 62, the two racks 83 drive the two square rods 72 to close through two sets of teeth 82, so that the square rods 72 fit against the outer wall of the second drill rod 5.

[0056] Furthermore, the end of the expanding rod 81 away from the tooth 82 is provided with a mounting hole, and a short shaft 84 is movably inserted into the mounting hole of the expanding rod 81. A prism block 85 is connected to the short shaft 84. The mounting hole at the end of the expanding rod 81 provides axial extension and retraction space for the short shaft 84. The prism block 85 on the short shaft 84 adopts a polygonal structure and has a strong coal breaking ability. When the expanding rod 81 extends, the prism block 85 can be embedded in the coal seam to assist in breaking the surrounding coal seam and enhance the coal breaking effect.

[0057] Furthermore, a spring is provided between the short shaft 84 and the mounting hole of the expanding rod 81. A second sliding tongue 86 is connected to the outer wall of the short shaft 84, and a second arc-shaped groove is provided in the mounting hole of the expanding rod 81. The second sliding tongue 86 is slidably connected to the second arc-shaped groove. When the short shaft 84 extends or retracts in the mounting hole, it can rotate by utilizing the cooperation between the second sliding tongue 86 and the second arc-shaped groove. When the short shaft 84 is subjected to the axial pressure of the coal seam, the spring is compressed, and the short shaft 84 retracts into the mounting hole. When the expanding rod 81 is closed, the spring utilizes... The elastic force pushes the short shaft 84 to extend, and the second sliding tongue 86 forms a sliding fit with the second arc-shaped groove in the mounting hole. The arc-shaped groove has a spiral structure, which allows the axial extension and retraction of the short shaft 84 to be converted into circumferential rotation. When the short shaft 84 extends and retracts, the second sliding tongue 86 slides along the second arc-shaped groove, causing the short shaft 84 and the edge block 85 to rotate synchronously. The rotating edge block 85 can enhance the crushing effect on the coal seam, so that after the edge block 85 is embedded in the coal seam, it can form more coal seam cracks by rotating, thereby improving the permeability.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0059] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 11 - Figure 14The second drill rod 5 is equipped with a slag removal assembly 9, which includes a slip ring 91. The slip ring 91 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second drill rod 5. A spring is provided between the slip ring 91 and the second drill rod 5. A set of mounting plates 92 are connected to both ends of the slip ring 91. A row of levers 93 is hinged in a linear array on the mounting plates 92. Two sliding shafts 96 are connected to the inner side of the slip ring 91. The inner walls of the two reaming rods 81 are respectively provided with inclined sliding grooves. The two sliding shafts 96 are slidably connected to the inclined sliding grooves of the two reaming rods 81. When the two reaming rods 81 are opened, they can drive the slip ring 91 to move away from the drill bit 62 through the cooperation of the two inclined sliding grooves and the two sliding shafts 96. The two sets of mounting plates 92 at both ends of the slip ring 91 are symmetrically distributed. Each set of mounting plates 92 is arranged in a circumferential array. The levers 93 on one set of mounting plates 92 can cover most of the circumferential area of ​​the outer wall of the second drill rod 5. The sliding shafts 96 on the inner side of the slip ring 91 are connected to the inner wall of the reaming rods 81. The inclined grooves form a transmission pair. The inclination angle of the inclined grooves can efficiently convert the radial opening motion of the reaming rod 81 into the axial movement of the slip ring 91 through the sliding shaft 96. When the two reaming rods 81 open, the inner walls of the inclined grooves in the two reaming rods 81 generate axial thrust on the two sliding shafts 96 respectively, causing the two sliding shafts 96 to drive the slip ring 91 to move away from the drill bit 62. When the slip ring 91 moves, it drives the two sets of mounting plates 92 and the paddles 93 above them to move synchronously. When the paddles 93 move away from the drill bit 62, they push the slag produced by the drill bit 62 to the outside of the borehole, avoiding the accumulation of slag at the bottom of the borehole and avoiding the blockage of the drilling channel, which would affect the normal operation of the reaming assembly 8. When the two reaming rods 81 retract, the two inclined grooves drive the slip ring 91 to return to the direction closer to the drill bit 62 through the two sliding shafts 96. The spring between the slip ring 91 and the second drill rod 5 plays an elastic assist role in this process.

[0060] Furthermore, a first limiting block 94 and a second limiting block 95 are respectively installed on both sides of each lever 93 on the mounting plate 92. The first limiting block 94 is located on the side of the lever 93 closer to the drill bit 62, and can abut against the lever 93 to keep the lever 93 perpendicular to the mounting plate 92. The second limiting block 95 is located on the side of the lever 93 away from the drill bit 62, and can abut against the lever 93 to make the lever 93 form a 20-degree angle with the mounting plate 92. When the slip ring 91 moves away from the drill bit 62, the force of the slag on the lever 93 moves towards the side closer to the drill bit 62, and the lever 93 rotates around the hinge point until it is abutted by the first limiting block 94. At this time, the lever 93 remains perpendicular to the mounting plate 92. In this state, the lever... The contact area between the blade 93 and the inner wall of the borehole is the largest, and the slag pushing force is the strongest, which can efficiently remove the coal slag attached to the inner wall of the borehole. When the slip ring 91 returns to the direction closer to the drill bit 62, the force of the coal slag on the blade 93 moves away from the drill bit 62. The blade 93 rotates in the opposite direction around the hinge point until it is stopped by the second limit block 95. At this time, the blade 93 and the mounting plate 92 form a 20-degree angle, thereby reducing the frictional resistance between the blade 93 and the coal slag when the blade 93 returns to the original position, and preventing the coal slag from being carried back to the bottom of the borehole. When the slip ring 91 moves away from the drill bit 62 again, the coal slag exerts a force on the blade 93 through the angle between the blade 93 and the mounting plate 92, making the blade 93 vertical and ensuring that the bidirectional movement of the blade 93 can be carried out stably, so as to achieve continuous and efficient slag removal function.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0062] A method for using a hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement, employing the hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement described in the above embodiments, further includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Installation and fixing of the device. Fix the frame 1 to the roadway with anchor bolts. Connect the first drill rod 4, the second drill rod 5 and the joint 61 by thread. Check the tightness of the connection.

[0064] Step 2: Adjust the working parameters. Adjust the height and angle of the stepper module 2 so that the drill bit 62 is aligned with the working point.

[0065] Step 3: Start drilling operation. Start hydraulic press 3 and drive drill bit 62 to rotate in one direction. Stepping module 2 synchronously drives hydraulic press 3 to step forward, and then drilling operation. During the drilling process, the first drill rod 4 is added according to the drilling depth to extend the drilling length. Stepping module 2 drives hydraulic press 3 to move to cooperate with the connection operation.

[0066] Step 4: Hole enlargement operation. The rack 83 of the square rod 72 engages with the teeth 82 of the hole enlargement rod 81, causing the hole enlargement rod 81 to open. The hole enlargement rod 81 expands to increase the permeability of the coal seam.

[0067] Step 5: Synchronous slag removal operation. When the two expanding rods 81 open and close, they drive the slip ring 91 to move back and forth. The paddles 93 on the two sets of mounting plates 92 continuously push the slag towards the orifice through the reciprocating movement.

[0068] Step 6: Finishing and resetting the work, shut down the hydraulic press 3, and the stepping module 2 drives the first drill rod 4, the second drill rod 5 and the drilling assembly 6 to withdraw from the borehole.

[0069] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for improving the permeability of coal seams, characterized in that, include: A frame (1) is provided, on which a stepper module (2) is slidably mounted, and on which a hydraulic press (3) is slidably mounted. The output end of the hydraulic press (3) is threadedly connected to a first drill rod (4), and the end of the first drill rod (4) away from the hydraulic press (3) is threadedly connected to a second drill rod (5). The end of the second drill rod (5) away from the first drill rod (4) is connected to a drilling assembly (6). The drilling assembly (6) includes a connector (61) which is threaded to the second drill rod (5), and a drill bit (62) is rotatably connected to the end of the connector (61) away from the second drill rod (5). The second drill rod (5) is provided with a hole-enlarging assembly (8), which includes two hole-enlarging rods (81). The two hole-enlarging rods (81) can enlarge the hole through opening and closing movements. The first drill rod (4) and the second drill rod (5) are provided with a drive mechanism (7) for driving the drilling assembly (6) and the reaming assembly (8); The drive mechanism (7) includes a first round rod (71), a square rod (72), a second round rod (73), and a ratchet sleeve (74). The first round rod (71) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first drill rod (4). The square rod (72) and the second round rod (73) are both slidably connected inside the second drill rod (5). The square rod (72) is connected to the second round rod (73). One end of the first round rod (71) abuts against the output end of the hydraulic press (3), and the other end of the first round rod (71) abuts against the square rod (72). A space is provided between the first round rod (71) and the inner wall of the first drill rod (4). Springs are provided between the square rod (72) and the second round rod (73) and the inner wall of the second drill rod (5). The ratchet sleeve (74) and the end of the second round rod (73) away from the square rod (72) are connected to each other in a unidirectional rotation through a ratchet and pawl structure. The outer wall of the ratchet sleeve (74) is connected to a first sliding tongue (75). The inner wall of the drill bit (62) is provided with a first arc-shaped groove. The first sliding tongue (75) is slidably connected to the first arc-shaped groove. When the first sliding tongue (75) moves toward the drill bit (62), it can drive the drill bit (62) to rotate in a unidirectional direction using the first arc-shaped groove. Two semi-conical rods (63) are hinged to the ratchet sleeve (74). The two semi-conical rods (63) are mirror images of each other and form a chisel rod. A round hole is opened on the drill bit (62), and both semi-conical rods (63) pass through the round hole of the drill bit (62).

2. The hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A contact rod (64) is movably connected inside the round hole of the drill bit (62). There is a gap between the two semi-conical rods (63). The contact rod (64) is located in the gap between the two semi-conical rods (63). When the two semi-conical rods (63) move towards the drill bit (62), they can be squeezed and unfolded by the contact rod (64).

3. The hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drill rod (5) has two long slots, and the two reaming rods (81) are respectively hinged in the two long slots. The outer wall of the hinge part of the reaming rod (81) and the second drill rod (5) is connected with a set of teeth (82). The outer wall of the square rod (72) is connected with two racks (83). The two sets of teeth (82) mesh with the two racks (83) respectively. When the racks (83) move, they can drive the reaming rods (81) to swing outward of the second drill rod (5) through a set of teeth (82).

4. A hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the expanding rod (81) away from the tooth (82) is provided with a mounting hole, and a short shaft (84) is movably inserted into the mounting hole of the expanding rod (81), and a prism block (85) is connected on the short shaft (84).

5. A hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spring is provided between the short shaft (84) and the mounting hole of the expanding rod (81). A second sliding tongue (86) is connected to the outer wall of the short shaft (84). A second arc-shaped groove is provided in the mounting hole of the expanding rod (81). The second sliding tongue (86) is slidably connected to the second arc-shaped groove. When the short shaft (84) extends and retracts in the mounting hole, it can rotate by utilizing the cooperation between the second sliding tongue (86) and the second arc-shaped groove.

6. A hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second drill rod (5) is provided with a slag removal assembly (9), which includes a slip ring (91). The slip ring (91) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second drill rod (5). A spring is provided between the slip ring (91) and the second drill rod (5). A set of mounting plates (92) are respectively connected to both ends of the slip ring (91). A row of paddles (93) are hinged in a straight array on the mounting plate (92). Two sliding shafts (96) are connected to the inner side of the slip ring (91). Inclined sliding grooves are opened on the inner walls of the two reaming rods (81). The two sliding shafts (96) are slidably connected to the inclined sliding grooves of the two reaming rods (81). When the two reaming rods (81) are opened, the slip ring (91) can be driven to move away from the drill bit (62) through the cooperation of the two inclined sliding grooves and the two sliding shafts (96).

7. A hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting plate (92) is equipped with a first limiting block (94) and a second limiting block (95) on both sides of each lever (93). The first limiting block (94) is located on the side of the lever (93) closer to the drill bit (62) and can abut against the lever (93) to keep the lever (93) perpendicular to the mounting plate (92). The second limiting block (95) is located on the side of the lever (93) away from the drill bit (62) and can abut against the lever (93) to make the lever (93) form a 20-degree angle with the mounting plate (92).

8. A method of using a hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement, characterized in that: The hydraulic mechanical cavity-forming device for coal seam permeability enhancement as described in claim 7 further includes the following steps: Step 1: Installation and fixing of the device. Fix the frame (1) to the roadway with anchor bolts. Connect the first drill rod (4), the second drill rod (5) and the joint (61) by thread. Check the tightness of the connection. Step 2: Adjust the working parameters. Adjust the height and angle of the stepping module (2) so that the drill bit (62) is aligned with the working point. Step 3: Start the drilling operation, start the hydraulic press (3), drive the drill bit (62) to rotate in one direction, and the stepping module (2) synchronously drives the hydraulic press (3) to step, and then the drilling operation is carried out. During the drilling process, the first drill rod (4) is added according to the drilling depth to extend the drilling length. The stepping module (2) drives the hydraulic press (3) to move to cooperate with the connection operation. Step 4: Hole enlargement operation. The rack (83) of the square rod (72) meshes with the teeth (82) of the hole enlargement rod (81), which drives the hole enlargement rod (81) to open. The hole enlargement rod (81) expands to achieve coal seam permeability enhancement. Step 5: Synchronous slag discharge operation. When the two expanding rods (81) open and close, they drive the slip ring (91) to move back and forth. The paddles (93) on the two sets of mounting plates (92) continuously push the slag towards the orifice through the reciprocating movement. Step 6: Finishing and resetting the work, shut down the hydraulic press (3), and the stepping module (2) drives the first drill rod (4), the second drill rod (5) and the drilling assembly (6) to withdraw from the borehole.

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