Multifunctional self-adaptive anchor rod system based on DNA bionic structure and construction method

Abstract

The multifunctional self-adaptive anchor rod system based on the DNA bionic structure comprises a drill bit unit, and a rod body unit is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit. The invention further discloses a construction method of the multifunctional self-adaptive anchor rod system based on the DNA bionic structure, and the construction method comprises the steps that 1, design parameters of the anchor rod system are determined, and the anchor rod system is assembled and debugged; 2, drilling installation is conducted, and a tight anchoring section is formed; 3, a supporting anchor rod is formed, and drainage and grouting cooperative work is conducted according to the supporting anchor rod; 4, curing is conducted, and a composite anchoring body is formed; and 5, an anchor rod pull-out test is conducted, and construction is completed. According to the anchor rod system and the construction method, the problems that the cooperative deformation capacity of a traditional rigid anchor rod and surrounding rock is weak, under the working condition of high ground stress or rock mass continuous flowing deformation, surrounding rock deformation can generate huge concentrated stress on the anchor rod, then the rod body is prone to being snapped or pulled out of slurry, and finally brittle failure is caused are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering support technology, specifically relating to a multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure, and also to a construction method for the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of social development, geotechnical engineering is gradually breaking through into deeper and more complex geological environments. The scale and complexity of geotechnical engineering projects such as hydraulic tunnels, transportation tunnels, deep-ground energy storage, slope protection, mining, and underground space development are increasing daily, placing unprecedented demands on the reliability, efficiency, and environmental adaptability of support technologies. As the "lifeline" in geotechnical engineering, the technical performance of anchor bolts directly affects project safety, construction efficiency, and long-term stability. However, conventional anchor bolts, which are widely used at present, have many limitations in both structure and function, making it difficult to fully meet the engineering needs under complex geological conditions in the new era.

[0003] Traditional mortar anchors or hollow grouting anchors are mostly rigid single-tube structures, and their primary function is grouting anchoring. When facing weak surrounding rock or fractured zones rich in fissure water or confined water, separate drainage pipes are often required, which adds extra construction steps and time. Existing grouting processes generally rely on the natural penetration and filling of grout between the rod and the borehole wall, resulting in slow grouting speed and the potential for "blind spots" or cavities due to uneven distribution of rock fissures, leading to an incomplete anchoring system and significantly reduced load-bearing capacity. Traditional rigid anchors have weak ability to deform in tandem with the surrounding rock. Under conditions of high ground stress or continuous rock rheology, the deformation of the surrounding rock will generate huge concentrated stress on the anchor, which can easily cause the rod to break or be pulled out of the grout, resulting in brittle failure and a lack of buffering capacity for the release of energy from the surrounding rock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure, which solves the problem that traditional rigid anchors have weak cooperative deformation ability with surrounding rock. Under high ground stress or continuous rock rheological conditions, the deformation of surrounding rock will generate huge concentrated stress on the anchor, which will easily lead to the anchor breaking or being pulled out of the grout, ultimately causing brittle failure.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a construction method for a multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structures.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a multifunctional adaptive anchor bolt system based on DNA biomimetic structure, including a drill bit unit, and a rod unit fixed to the tail of the drill bit unit.

[0007] The invention is further characterized by: The drill bit unit has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit. The anchor drill bit has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit. A wear-resistant steel sleeve is fitted on the outer side of the anchor drill bit. The wear-resistant steel sleeve has a hollow conical structure. The outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit has a spiral ridge along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the spiral ridge is trapezoidal, and the spiral ridge is located between the anchor drill bit and the wear-resistant steel sleeve.

[0008] The anchor drill bit has several drill bit enlargement holes, which are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit. The drill bit enlargement holes all penetrate the anchor drill bit, the spiral ridge and the wear-resistant steel sleeve. One end of the drill bit enlargement holes on the inner side of the anchor drill bit is connected to the rod unit.

[0009] An active beacon is installed on the inner wall of the anchor drill bit, and the active beacon is wirelessly connected to an external receiver. The rod unit includes a grouting rod and a drainage rod. The bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit has a grouting rod mounting hole along the generatrix direction. The grouting rod is fixed in the grouting rod mounting hole. The bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit, which is symmetrical to the grouting rod mounting hole, has a drainage rod mounting hole along the generatrix direction. The drainage rod is fixed in the drainage rod mounting hole. The drainage rod is connected to several drill bit enlargements through the drainage rod mounting hole. Several connecting pipes are fixed between the grouting rod and the drainage rod. The two ends of the connecting pipes are respectively connected to the grouting rod and the drainage rod. Both ends of the connecting pipes are equipped with bidirectional pressure valves. Several grouting holes are opened on the grouting rod. The outer wall of the drainage rod is wrapped with a polyethylene film layer.

[0010] The grouting rod and the drainage rod have a double helix structure. The center point of several connecting pipes is located on the helical axis of the double helix structure. Several connecting pipes are perpendicular to the helical axis of the double helix structure. The shape of the grouting rod and the drainage rod satisfies the curves shown in equations (1) and (2). (1); (2); in, t For time or length parameters; R The radius of the spiral; Angular frequency, , p for z The rate of ascent in the direction.

[0011] The internal diameter of several grouting holes on the grouting rod is larger than the external diameter, and the total grouting area of ​​the grouting holes is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the grouting holes. The total grouting area is shown in formula (3). (3); in, Q This refers to the grouting pump flow rate; For flow coefficient; P This refers to the grouting pressure; For slurry density, A 总 The required area of ​​the slurry outlet.

[0012] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is a construction method for a multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structures, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Based on the geological survey results, determine the design parameters of the anchor bolt system, assemble the anchor bolt system according to the design parameters, and conduct debugging. Step 2: Drill holes and install the tested anchor system to form a tightly anchored section; Step 3: Expand the tightly anchored section to form the support anchor bolt, and carry out drainage and grouting work in conjunction with the support anchor bolt. Step 4: After grouting is completed, it is cured to form a composite anchor body; Step 5: Conduct an anchor pull-out test on the composite anchor body to verify that the anchoring force meets the design requirements, and complete the construction.

[0013] Another feature of the technical solution adopted in this invention is that: Step 1 is as follows: Step 1.1: Check the integrity of each component of the DNA biomimetic structure anchor system, and determine the grout ratio and anchor design parameters based on the geological conditions of the rock strata; the design parameters include hole diameter, depth, and spacing. Step 1.2: At the factory or on site, assemble the anchor drill bit, wear-resistant steel sleeve, active beacon, grouting rod and drainage rod, connecting pipe and two-way pressure valve into a complete DNA biomimetic structure multifunctional adaptive anchor system according to the design; Step 1.3: Power on and test the active beacon and external receiver to ensure stable and real-time transmission of displacement, acceleration, and direction data; Step 1.4: Calibrate and test the opening pressure threshold of the two-way pressure valve to ensure its accurate operation; Step 2 is as follows: Align the anchor drill bit with the borehole opening, drive the anchor system to rotate clockwise using the drilling rig, and use the wear-resistant steel sleeve at the tip to break the rock and drill until the designed depth is reached. The double-helix grouting rod and drainage rod are screwed in synchronously with the anchor drill bit to form a tight anchoring section.

[0014] Step 3 specifically involves: Step 3.1: Rotate the tightly anchored section counterclockwise to allow the grouting rod and drainage rod of the double helix structure to gradually expand in the rock strata, forming a support anchor rod; Step 3.2: When there is a need for drainage in the rock strata, open the drainage rod channel to guide the seepage water out of the rock strata. At the same time, connect the grouting pump to the grouting rod and pump the grout through the grouting rod. The grout seeps out from the grouting hole to fill the anchoring area. The grouting pressure must be lower than the drainage pressure to prevent the grout from entering the drainage rod. Step 3.3: When there is no need for drainage in the rock strata, connect the grouting pump to both the grouting rod and the drainage rod simultaneously through a three-way connector to achieve simultaneous grouting of the grouting rod and the drainage rod, thereby improving grouting efficiency. When the grouting pressure reaches the preset pressure threshold of the two-way pressure valve, the two-way pressure valve will automatically open, and the grout will flow bidirectionally through the connecting pipe to accelerate diffusion and filling. Step 4 is as follows: After the grouting volume reaches the design value, stop pumping. The grout pressure drops, causing the two-way pressure valve to close automatically to prevent backflow. Check the grouting density. If the grouting density does not reach the design value, perform secondary grouting. Let it stand for curing until the grout solidifies and forms a composite anchor body. If it is a drainage condition, retain the drainage rod as a long-term drainage channel. If there is no drainage requirement, close the outlet of the drainage rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a multifunctional adaptive anchor system and construction method based on a DNA biomimetic structure. By designing ordinary straight anchors into DNA biomimetic structure anchors, these anchors can more tightly adhere to the rock wall between holes through a reverse rotational opening installation method, expanding the support range. They can also quickly apply positive initial support force to the surrounding rock. More importantly, the connecting pipe in the middle section, together with the opening double helix structure, constitutes a highly efficient flexible buffer system. When the stratum stress changes or the surrounding rock undergoes significant deformation, this system can absorb and release energy through its own elastic deformation, effectively avoiding the risk of instantaneous breakage of traditional rigid anchors due to stress concentration. This significantly improves the long-term safety and stability of the support system under complex geological conditions. The pointed tip of the DNA biomimetic structure anchor of this invention... The threaded design enables it to quickly form holes as a "self-drilling" anchor, making it particularly suitable for fractured rock formations. This integrated "drilling-installation-support" design simplifies the construction process, improving construction speed and hole quality while optimizing overall cost and benefits. This invention combines four functions—grouting, drainage, drilling, and support—into one unit. The design of one pipe for grouting through seepage holes and another pipe for grouting or drainage without holes allows for flexible selection of operating modes based on actual geological conditions. In water-rich strata, grouting reinforcement and active drainage can be carried out simultaneously, fundamentally solving the problem of mutual interference between the two in traditional processes. In waterless strata, both rods can be grouted simultaneously, and when the grouting pressure reaches a critical value, the pressure valve of the connecting pipe automatically opens, forming an internal high-pressure circulation channel, greatly improving the reliability and efficiency of grouting. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the anchor drill bit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the radial structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the construction method for the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram, 1. Drill bit unit, 101. Anchor drill bit, 102. Wear-resistant steel sleeve, 103. Spiral rib, 104. Drill bit reaming, 105. Active beacon, 106. Grouting rod mounting hole, 107. Drainage rod mounting hole, 2. Rod body unit, 201. Grouting rod, 202. Drainage rod, 203. Connecting pipe, 204. Two-way pressure valve, 205. Grouting hole, 206. Polyethylene film layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structures provided by this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod body unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1. (As shown...) Figure 2As shown, the drill bit unit 1 has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit 101. The anchor drill bit 101 has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit 2 is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. A wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 is fitted onto the outer surface of the anchor drill bit 101. The wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 has a hollow conical structure and possesses wear-resistant properties, effectively reducing damage to the drill bit caused by friction with the rock. Its main material is an alloy made using powder metallurgy, with tungsten carbide powder as the main component and cobalt and nickel metals as binders. The anchor drill bit 101... The outer surface of the conical structure is provided with a spiral ridge 103 along the circumferential direction. The spiral ridge 103 has a trapezoidal cross-section and is located between the anchor drill bit 101 and the wear-resistant rigid sleeve 102. The main function of the spiral ridge 103 is to break the rock and transport and discharge rock debris. Several drill bit reaming holes 104 are opened on the anchor drill bit 101. These holes are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit 101, and all penetrate the anchor drill bit 101, the spiral ridge 103, and the wear-resistant rigid sleeve 102. The drill bit reaming holes 104 are located on the inner surface of the anchor drill bit 101. One end of each anchor drill bit 101 is connected to the rod unit 2. In water-bearing formations, the drill bit reaming hole 104 on the anchor drill bit 101 allows water to pass through, cooling the anchor drill bit 101. In waterless formations, the drainage rod 202 injects water, which then flows to the drill bit reaming hole 104, thus cooling the drill bit. An active beacon 105 is installed on the inner wall of the anchor drill bit 101. The active beacon 105 is wirelessly connected to an external receiver. The power of the active beacon 105 is provided by a battery. The active beacon 105 is in deep sleep under normal conditions. When reading is required, a dedicated reading probe is lowered to a specific position at the borehole opening to send a specific frequency signal into the borehole. An excitation signal is used to wake up the active beacon 105 and read the anchor bolt's position information. The bolt unit 2 includes a grouting rod 201 and a drainage rod 202. A grouting rod mounting hole 106 is formed at the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor bolt drill bit 101 along the generatrix direction. The grouting rod 201 is fixedly connected to the grouting rod mounting hole 106. A drainage rod mounting hole 107 is formed at the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor bolt drill bit 101, symmetrical to the grouting rod mounting hole 106, along the generatrix direction. The drainage rod 202 is fixedly connected to the drainage rod mounting hole 107. The drainage rod 202 communicates with several drill bit enlargement holes 104 through the drainage rod mounting hole 107. Figure 3As shown, several connecting pipes 203 are fixedly connected between the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. The two ends of each connecting pipe 203 are respectively connected to the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. The connecting pipe 203 is a rigid hollow tube with elasticity, made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Under stress within a certain range, the connecting pipe 203 undergoes recoverable deformation. When the connecting pipe 203 is rotated clockwise with the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202, it is in a compressed state and has sufficient compressive and bending strength. After the anchor position is fixed, it is rotated counterclockwise to open, and the connecting pipe 203 then supports the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. Figure 4 As shown, several connecting pipes 203 are equipped with bidirectional pressure valves 204 at both ends. Several grouting holes 205 are provided on the grouting rod 201 to facilitate grout seepage. The outer wall of the drainage rod 202 is wrapped with a polyethylene film layer 206. The polyethylene film layer 206 has extremely high planar water conduction and drainage capacity in one direction, and extremely high water and soil blocking capacity in the vertical direction or another plane. It can quickly collect and guide intruding water to the drainage outlet, while preventing water from seeping back. The grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202 form a double helix structure, and the center point of several connecting pipes 203 is located on the helical axis of the double helix structure. The direction angle changes linearly with the z-axis. Several connecting pipes 203 are perpendicular to the spiral axis of the double helical structure. The shapes of the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202 satisfy the curves shown in equations (1) and (2). (1); (2); in, t For time or length parameters; R The radius of the spiral; Angular frequency, , p for z Rate of ascent in the direction; The internal diameter of several grouting holes 205 on the grouting rod 201 is larger than the external diameter, which is conducive to the collection and outflow of grout. At the same time, it can also prevent the backflow and blockage of external soil and rock particles. In order to ensure that the flow capacity provided by all grouting holes is greater than the grouting pumping capacity, the total grouting area of ​​the grouting holes 205 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the grouting holes. The total grouting area is shown in formula (3). (3); in, Q This refers to the grouting pump flow rate; For flow coefficient; P This refers to the grouting pressure; For slurry density, A 总 The required area of ​​the slurry outlet.

[0020] Example 1 The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1.

[0021] Example 2 The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod body unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1. (As shown...) Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit unit 1 has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit 101. The anchor drill bit 101 has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit 2 is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. A wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 is fitted on the outer side of the anchor drill bit 101. The wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 has a hollow conical structure. A spiral rib 103 is provided on the outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the spiral rib 103 is trapezoidal, and the spiral rib 103 is located between the anchor drill bit 101 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102.

[0022] Example 3 The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod body unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1. (As shown...) Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit unit 1 has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit 101. The anchor drill bit 101 has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit 2 is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. A wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 is fitted on the outer side of the anchor drill bit 101. The wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 has a hollow conical structure. A helical ridge 103 is provided on the outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the helical ridge 103 is trapezoidal. The spiral rib 103 is located between the anchor drill bit 101 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102; the anchor drill bit 101 has several drill bit enlargement holes 104, which are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit 101, and all drill bit enlargement holes 104 penetrate the anchor drill bit 101, the spiral rib 103 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102, and one end of each drill bit enlargement hole 104 on the inner side of the anchor drill bit 101 is connected to the rod unit 2.

[0023] Example 4 The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod body unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1. (As shown...) Figure 2As shown, the drill bit unit 1 has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit 101. The anchor drill bit 101 has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit 2 is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. A wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 is fitted on the outer side of the anchor drill bit 101. The wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 has a hollow conical structure. A spiral ridge 103 is provided along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. The cross-section of the spiral ridge 103 is trapezoidal. The spiral ridge 103 is located between the anchor drill bit 101 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102. Between the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102; the anchor drill bit 101 is provided with several drill bit enlargement holes 104, which are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit 101. The drill bit enlargement holes 104 all penetrate the anchor drill bit 101, the spiral ridge 103 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102. One end of the drill bit enlargement holes 104 on the inner side of the anchor drill bit 101 is connected to the rod unit 2. An active beacon 105 is installed on the inner wall of the anchor drill bit 101. The active beacon 105 is wirelessly connected to an external receiver. Example 5 The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod body unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1. (As shown...) Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit unit 1 has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit 101. The anchor drill bit 101 has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit 2 is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. A wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 is fitted on the outer side of the anchor drill bit 101. The wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 has a hollow conical structure. A spiral rib 103 is provided on the outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the spiral rib 103 is trapezoidal and the spiral rib 103 is located between the anchor drill bit 101 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102. Several drill bit reaming holes 104 are opened on the anchor drill bit 101. The several drill bit reaming holes 104 are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit 101 and all drill bit reaming holes 104 penetrate the anchor drill bit 101 and the spiral rib 102. The ridge 103 and wear-resistant steel sleeve 102, and several drill bit enlargement holes 104 are all connected to the rod unit 2 at one end of the inner side of the anchor drill bit 101; an active beacon 105 is installed on the inner wall of the anchor drill bit 101, and the active beacon 105 is wirelessly connected to an external receiver; the rod unit 2 includes a grouting rod 201 and a drainage rod 202. A grouting rod mounting hole 106 is opened at the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 along the generatrix direction. The grouting rod 201 is fixed in the grouting rod mounting hole 106. A drainage rod mounting hole 107 is opened at the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 symmetrical to the grouting rod mounting hole 106 along the generatrix direction. The drainage rod 202 is fixed in the drainage rod mounting hole 107 and is connected to several drill bit enlargement holes 104 through the drainage rod mounting hole 107. Figure 3As shown, several connecting pipes 203 are fixedly connected between the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. The two ends of each connecting pipe 203 are respectively connected to the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. Figure 4 As shown, several connecting pipes 203 are equipped with bidirectional pressure valves 204 at both ends, several grouting holes 205 are opened on the grouting rod 201, and the outer wall of the drainage rod 202 is wrapped with a polyethylene film layer 206.

[0024] Example 6 The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drill bit unit 1, and a rod body unit 2 is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit 1. (As shown...) Figure 2 As shown, the drill bit unit 1 has a hollow conical structure and includes an anchor drill bit 101. The anchor drill bit 101 has a hollow conical structure, and the rod unit 2 is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101. A wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 is fitted on the outer side of the anchor drill bit 101. The wear-resistant steel sleeve 102 has a hollow conical structure. A helical ridge 103 is provided on the outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the helical ridge 103 is trapezoidal. The spiral rib 103 is located between the anchor drill bit 101 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102; the anchor drill bit 101 is provided with a number of drill bit enlargement holes 104, which are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit 101, and all drill bit enlargement holes 104 penetrate the anchor drill bit 101, the spiral rib 103 and the wear-resistant steel sleeve 102, and one end of each drill bit enlargement hole 104 on the inner side of the anchor drill bit 101 is connected to the rod unit 2; An active beacon 105 is installed on the inner wall of the anchor drill bit 101. The active beacon 105 is wirelessly connected to an external receiver. The active beacon 105 is powered by a battery. The active beacon 105 is in deep sleep under normal conditions. When reading is required, a dedicated reading probe is lowered to a specific position at the borehole opening and sends a specific frequency excitation signal into the hole to wake up the active beacon 105 and read the anchor bolt position information. The rod unit 2 includes a grouting rod 201 and a drainage rod 202. The bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 has a grouting rod mounting hole 106 along the generatrix direction. The grouting rod 201 is fixed in the grouting rod mounting hole 106. A drainage rod mounting hole 107 is provided at the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit 101 symmetrical to the grouting rod mounting hole 106, along the generatrix direction. The drainage rod 202 is fixed in the drainage rod mounting hole 107. The drainage rod 202 communicates with several drill bit enlargement holes 104 through the drainage rod mounting hole 107. Figure 3As shown, several connecting pipes 203 are fixedly connected between the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. The two ends of each connecting pipe 203 are respectively connected to the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. The connecting pipe 203 is a rigid hollow tube with elasticity, made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Under stress within a certain range, the connecting pipe 203 undergoes recoverable deformation. When the connecting pipe 203 is rotated clockwise with the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202, it is in a compressed state and has sufficient compressive and bending strength. After the anchor position is fixed, it is rotated counterclockwise to open, and the connecting pipe 203 then supports the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202. Figure 4 As shown, several connecting pipes 203 are equipped with bidirectional pressure valves 204 at both ends, several grouting holes 205 are opened on the grouting rod 201, and the outer wall of the drainage rod 202 is wrapped with a polyethylene film layer 206; the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202 have a double helical structure, the center point of several connecting pipes 203 is set on the helical axis of the double helical structure, and several connecting pipes 203 are perpendicular to the helical axis of the double helical structure. The shapes of the grouting rod 201 and the drainage rod 202 satisfy the curves shown in equations (1) and (2); (1); (2); in, t For time or length parameters; R The radius of the spiral; Angular frequency, , p for z Rate of ascent in the direction; The internal diameter of several grouting holes 205 on the grouting rod 201 is larger than the external diameter, and the total grouting area of ​​the grouting holes 205 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the grouting holes. The total grouting area is shown in formula (3). (3); in, Q This refers to the grouting pump flow rate; For flow coefficient; P This refers to the grouting pressure; For slurry density, A 总 The required area of ​​the slurry outlet.

[0025] Example 7 The construction method of the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the geological survey results, determine the design parameters of the anchor bolt system, assemble the anchor bolt system according to the design parameters, and conduct debugging. Step 2: Drill holes and install the tested anchor system to form a tightly anchored section; Step 3: Expand the tightly anchored section to form the support anchor bolt, and carry out drainage and grouting work in conjunction with the support anchor bolt. Step 4: After grouting is completed, it is cured to form a composite anchor body; Step 5: Conduct an anchor pull-out test on the composite anchor body to verify that the anchoring force meets the design requirements, and complete the construction.

[0026] Example 8 The construction method of the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure proposed in this embodiment is based on the above-mentioned multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the geological survey results, determine the design parameters of the anchor bolt system, assemble the anchor bolt system according to the design parameters, and conduct debugging. Specifically: Step 1.1: Check the integrity of each component of the DNA biomimetic structure anchor system, and determine the grout ratio and anchor design parameters based on the geological conditions of the rock strata; the design parameters include hole diameter, depth, and spacing. Step 1.2: At the factory or on site, assemble the anchor drill bit, wear-resistant steel sleeve, active beacon, grouting rod and drainage rod, connecting pipe and two-way pressure valve into a complete DNA biomimetic structure multifunctional adaptive anchor system according to the design; Step 1.3: Power on and test the active beacon and external receiver to ensure stable and real-time transmission of displacement, acceleration, and direction data; Step 1.4: Calibrate and test the opening pressure threshold of the two-way pressure valve to ensure its accurate operation; Step 2: Drill holes and install the tested anchor system to form a tightly anchored section; Specifically, the anchor drill bit is aligned with the borehole opening, and the anchor system is driven to rotate clockwise by the drilling rig. The wear-resistant steel sleeve at the tip breaks the rock and drills until the designed depth is reached. The grouting rod and drainage rod with the double helix structure are screwed in synchronously with the anchor drill bit to form a tight anchoring section. Step 3: Expand the tightly anchored section to form the support anchor bolt, and carry out drainage and grouting work in conjunction with the support anchor bolt. Specifically: Step 3.1: Rotate the tightly anchored section counterclockwise to allow the grouting rod and drainage rod of the double helix structure to gradually expand in the rock strata, forming a support anchor rod; Step 3.2: When there is a need for drainage in the rock strata, open the drainage rod channel to guide the seepage water out of the rock strata. At the same time, connect the grouting pump to the grouting rod and pump the grout through the grouting rod. The grout seeps out from the grouting hole to fill the anchoring area. The grouting pressure must be lower than the drainage pressure to prevent the grout from entering the drainage rod. Step 3.3: When there is no need for drainage in the rock strata, connect the grouting pump to both the grouting rod and the drainage rod simultaneously through a three-way connector to achieve simultaneous grouting of the grouting rod and the drainage rod, thereby improving grouting efficiency. When the grouting pressure reaches the preset pressure threshold of the two-way pressure valve, the two-way pressure valve will automatically open, and the grout will flow bidirectionally through the connecting pipe to accelerate diffusion and filling. Step 4: After grouting is completed, it is cured to form a composite anchor body; Specifically: after the grouting volume reaches the design value, stop pumping. The grout pressure drops, causing the two-way pressure valve to close automatically to prevent backflow. Check the grouting density. If the grouting density does not reach the design value, perform secondary grouting. Let it stand for curing until the grout solidifies and forms a composite anchor body. If it is a drainage condition, retain the drainage rod as a long-term drainage channel. If there is no drainage requirement, close the outlet of the drainage rod. Step 5: Conduct an anchor pull-out test on the composite anchor body to verify that the anchoring force meets the design requirements, and complete the construction.

Claims

1. A multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structures, characterized in that, It includes a drill bit unit (1), and a rod body unit (2) is fixedly connected to the tail of the drill bit unit (1).

2. The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit unit (1) has a hollow conical structure. The drill bit unit (1) includes an anchor drill bit (101). The anchor drill bit (101) has a hollow conical structure. The rod unit (2) is fixed to the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit (101). The outer side of the anchor drill bit (101) is fitted with a wear-resistant steel sleeve (102). The wear-resistant steel sleeve (102) has a hollow conical structure. The outer side of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit (101) is provided with a spiral ridge (103) along the circumferential direction. The cross section of the spiral ridge (103) is trapezoidal. The spiral ridge (103) is located between the anchor drill bit (101) and the wear-resistant steel sleeve (102).

3. The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor drill bit (101) has several drill bit enlargement holes (104). The several drill bit enlargement holes (104) are all opened along the side of the conical structure perpendicular to the anchor drill bit (101). The several drill bit enlargement holes (104) all penetrate the anchor drill bit (101), the spiral ridge (103) and the wear-resistant steel sleeve (102). One end of the several drill bit enlargement holes (104) on the inner side of the anchor drill bit (101) is connected to the rod unit (2).

4. The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, An active beacon (105) is installed on the inner wall of the anchor drill bit (101), and the active beacon (105) is wirelessly connected to an external receiver.

5. The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rod unit (2) includes a grouting rod (201) and a drainage rod (202). The bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit (101) has a grouting rod mounting hole (106) along the generatrix direction. The grouting rod (201) is fixedly connected to the grouting rod mounting hole (106). A drainage rod mounting hole (107) is symmetrically located at the bottom of the conical structure of the anchor drill bit (101) along the generatrix direction. The drainage rod (202) is fixedly connected to the drainage rod mounting hole (107). The grouting rod (201) is connected to several drill bit enlargement holes (104) through the drainage rod mounting hole (107). Several connecting pipes (203) are fixed between the grouting rod (201) and the drainage rod (202). The two ends of the several connecting pipes (203) are respectively connected to the grouting rod (201) and the drainage rod (202). Two-way pressure valves (204) are installed at both ends of the several connecting pipes (203). Several grouting holes (205) are opened on the grouting rod (201). The outer wall of the drainage rod (202) is wrapped with a polyethylene film layer (206).

6. The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grouting rod (201) and the drainage rod (202) have a double helix structure. The center point of each of the connecting pipes (203) is located on the helical axis of the double helix structure. Each of the connecting pipes (203) is perpendicular to the helical axis of the double helix structure. The shapes of the grouting rod (201) and the drainage rod (202) satisfy the curves shown in equations (1) and (2). （1）； （2）； in, t For time or length parameters; R The radius of the spiral; Angular frequency, , p for z The rate of ascent in the direction.

7. The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The internal diameter of several grouting holes (205) on the grouting rod (201) is larger than the external diameter, and the total grouting area of ​​the grouting holes (205) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the grouting holes. The total grouting area is as shown in formula (3). （3）； in, Q This refers to the grouting pump flow rate; For flow coefficient; P This refers to the grouting pressure; For slurry density, A 总 The required area of ​​the slurry outlet.

8. A construction method for a multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structures, characterized in that, The multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 7 includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the geological survey results, determine the design parameters of the anchor bolt system, assemble the anchor bolt system according to the design parameters, and conduct debugging. Step 2: Drill holes and install the tested anchor system to form a tightly anchored section; Step 3: Expand the tightly anchored section to form the support anchor bolt, and carry out drainage and grouting work in conjunction with the support anchor bolt. Step 4: After grouting is completed, it is cured to form a composite anchor body; Step 5: Conduct an anchor pull-out test on the composite anchor body to verify that the anchoring force meets the design requirements, and complete the construction.

9. The construction method of the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 1 specifically involves: Step 1.1: Check the integrity of each component of the DNA biomimetic structure anchor system, and determine the grout ratio and anchor design parameters based on the geological conditions of the rock strata; the design parameters include hole diameter, depth, and spacing. Step 1.2: At the factory or on site, assemble the anchor drill bit, wear-resistant steel sleeve, active beacon, grouting rod and drainage rod, connecting pipe and two-way pressure valve into a complete DNA biomimetic structure multifunctional adaptive anchor system according to the design; Step 1.3: Power on and test the active beacon and external receiver to ensure stable and real-time transmission of displacement, acceleration, and direction data; Step 1.4: Calibrate and test the opening pressure threshold of the two-way pressure valve to ensure its accurate operation; Step 2 specifically involves aligning the anchor drill bit with the borehole opening, driving the anchor system to rotate clockwise using the drilling rig, and using the wear-resistant steel sleeve at the tip to break the rock and drill until the designed depth is reached. The grouting rod and drainage rod with the double helix structure are simultaneously screwed in with the anchor drill bit to form a tightly anchored section.

10. The construction method of the multifunctional adaptive anchor system based on DNA biomimetic structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 3 specifically involves: Step 3.1: Rotate the tightly anchored section counterclockwise to allow the grouting rod and drainage rod of the double helix structure to gradually expand in the rock strata, forming a support anchor rod; Step 3.2: When there is a need for drainage in the rock strata, open the drainage rod channel to guide the seepage water out of the rock strata. At the same time, connect the grouting pump to the grouting rod and pump the grout through the grouting rod. The grout seeps out from the grouting hole to fill the anchoring area. The grouting pressure must be lower than the drainage pressure to prevent the grout from entering the drainage rod. Step 3.3: When there is no need for drainage in the rock strata, connect the grouting pump to both the grouting rod and the drainage rod simultaneously through a three-way connector to achieve simultaneous grouting of the grouting rod and the drainage rod, thereby improving grouting efficiency. When the grouting pressure reaches the preset pressure threshold of the two-way pressure valve, the two-way pressure valve will automatically open, and the grout will flow bidirectionally through the connecting pipe to accelerate diffusion and filling. Step 4 specifically involves: stopping pumping after the grouting volume reaches the design value, causing the two-way pressure valve to automatically close due to the drop in grout pressure to prevent backflow, checking the grouting density, and performing secondary grouting if the grouting density does not reach the design value, allowing the grout to cure until a composite anchor solid is formed. If it is a drainage condition, the drainage rod is retained as a long-term drainage channel. If there is no drainage requirement, the outlet of the drainage rod is sealed.

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