Structural design method of cascade energy consumption damper

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for designing a cascade energy consumption damper structure. The method comprises the steps of target performance determination, scheme design and index solution, damper structure drawing and assembling, numerical value-test evaluation and skeleton curve recognition, data judgment, parameter iterative optimization and final sizing determination of a cascade damper. The method has the advantages that after a performance target is clarified, parameters of all parts of the damper can be preliminarily calculated through the structural design method, a damper model is constructed, the performance of the damper and the performance of the target are checked through a simulation model, the parameters of the damper are repeatedly optimized and iterated according to a simulation result, and the performance of the damper is improved. And finally, the damper formed by the structural parameters of all the parts can reach the expected target. According to the structural design method, the structural scheme can be continuously optimized, the calculation method is scientific and reasonable, and a theoretical basis is provided for practical application of the cascade energy consumption damper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy dissipation and vibration reduction in building structures, and relates to a design method for a stepped energy dissipation damper structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building engineering, to reduce the damage to structures caused by earthquakes and wind loads, various energy-dissipating and vibration-damping devices are typically installed in the main structure. Common types include viscous dampers, friction dampers, viscoelastic dampers, and metallic yield dampers. Viscous dampers rely on the damping effect of viscous fluids, offering high damping efficiency and low static stiffness. However, when large damping forces are required, multiple units often need to be connected in parallel, resulting in complex construction and high cost. Metallic yield dampers, on the other hand, rely on the plastic hysteretic deformation of components under seismic loading to dissipate energy. They are simple in structure, inexpensive, and easy to maintain, making them the most widely used displacement-dependent dampers. Typical forms include U-shaped steel plates, S-shaped steel plates, TADAS (triangular steel plates), and honeycomb shear dampers.

[0003] However, most existing metal dampers yield and dissipate energy during moderate earthquakes. This limits the increase in yield strength during major earthquakes, meaning the dampers cannot play a significant energy-dissipating role during such events. Some metal dampers only yield and dissipate energy during major earthquakes, while during moderate earthquakes they generally remain in an elastic state and do not dissipate energy. Therefore, these dampers cannot dissipate seismic energy during moderate earthquakes. Furthermore, many metal dampers remain in an elastic state during minor earthquakes and cannot dissipate energy. For example, the yield section of a U-shaped steel plate damper is mainly concentrated in the bending zone; the bending radius, plate thickness, and straight section length directly affect the initial stiffness and yield strength. The force-displacement relationship of these dampers is mostly bilinear, and the stiffness drops rapidly after yielding, reaching only about 1% of the initial stiffness. This results in the dampers being elastic under minor earthquakes, having limited energy dissipation under moderate earthquakes, and insufficient stiffness under major earthquakes. Although TADAS dampers can yield uniformly across the entire height of the plate and have a full hysteresis curve, they are complex to manufacture and install, and have poor vertical displacement coordination. While shear dampers such as honeycomb shear and corrugated steel plate dampers have high energy dissipation efficiency, they suffer from problems such as brittle fracture under major earthquakes and difficulty in adjusting the yield displacement. It is evident that traditional metal yield dampers generally face common defects such as a single yield point, difficulty in adjusting yield parameters, and insufficient structural adaptability.

[0004] To overcome the drawbacks of "single yielding," multi-stage (graded) yielding energy dissipation devices have gradually emerged in recent years, aiming to achieve the graded goal of "yielding first in small earthquakes and dissipating energy in small components, then yielding again in large earthquakes and dissipating energy in large components in a coordinated manner." However, existing devices still face technical bottlenecks in practical implementation. For example, CN111364635A, "A Multi-Yield Point Metal Shear Damper for Multiple Disasters and Multiple Performance Targets," controls the yielding sequence through the nesting of inner and outer ring shear components and inter-ring blocks. However, the yield force mainly depends on the plate thickness and material strength, with limited room for adjustment of geometric parameters, and the structure is bulky and complex to manufacture. CN107366367A, "A Segmented Metal Yielding Energy Dissipation Seismic Isolation Device and Installation Method," arranges multiple sets of U-shaped steel dampers around natural rubber bearings and uses a push-pull mechanism for segmented yielding. However, it relies on a large number of rubber bearings and multiple U-shaped components, resulting in heavy weight, high cost, and cumbersome post-earthquake replacement. CN214117078U, "A Multi-Stage Yielding Laminated Metal Damper," uses multiple laminated U-shaped steel plates and controls the yielding sequence by utilizing the difference in strength between inner and outer layers. However, the yield displacement is almost entirely determined by the difference in plate thickness, resulting in overall stiffness. The large degree of stiffness and the high difficulty of precise adjustment; Publication No. CN112761272A "A third-order metal yielding damper" relies on an arc plate to increase stiffness after yielding, but the parallel connection of multiple components brings problems such as complex structure and limited adjustment range; Publication No. CN110206184A "A composite graded yielding damper" relies on the sliding energy dissipation of friction plates, its friction coefficient is greatly affected by the environment, and the sliding gap and friction coefficient are difficult to control precisely, raising doubts about long-term reliability; Publication No. CN111945920A "A graded yielding damper" uses a combination of cantilever plates with different cross sections to achieve graded yielding, but the installation form is simple and the yield displacement is difficult to adjust; Publication No. CN118364655A "A method for constructing a restoring force model of a multi-level damping graded yielding damper" remains at the theoretical restoring force model and lacks an engineering structural scheme with adjustable geometric parameters.

[0005] While these solutions explore the concept of multi-stage yielding, they still suffer from problems such as slow initiation under minor earthquakes, insufficient stiffness under major earthquakes, difficulty in balancing efficient energy dissipation and structural safety under different earthquake magnitudes, reliance on block gaps, strong and weak steel plates, or friction layers to control the yielding sequence, poor independent adjustability of yield force and yield displacement, and the fact that the structures are often multi-layered, heavy, and have complicated manufacturing processes, making post-earthquake maintenance and component replacement difficult.

[0006] While these solutions explore the concept of multi-stage yielding, they still suffer from problems such as slow initiation under minor earthquakes, insufficient stiffness under major earthquakes, difficulty in balancing efficient energy dissipation and structural safety under different earthquake magnitudes, reliance on block gaps, strong and weak steel plates, or friction layers to control the yielding sequence, poor independent adjustability of yield force and yield displacement, and the fact that the structures are often multi-layered, heavy, and have complicated manufacturing processes, making post-earthquake maintenance and component replacement difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to calculate the structural parameters of a cascade energy dissipation damper.

[0008] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: The stepped energy-dissipating damper includes a yield energy-dissipating component, a load-bearing component, and a stepped component. The load-bearing component includes upper and lower load-bearing plates, with the yield energy-dissipating component and the stepped component located between the upper and lower load-bearing plates. The yield energy-dissipating component includes an outer yield ring and an inner yield ring. Both the inner and outer yield rings are "racetrack-shaped" annular components composed of two straight sections and two arc-shaped sections. The inner yield ring is fitted onto the outer yield ring, and both the inner and outer yield rings have energy-dissipating grooves on their curved sections. The stepped component includes a limiting plate, a V-shaped drive shaft, and a fixed shaft, connected between the inner and outer yield rings. The V-shaped drive shaft can be displaced along the limiting plate. The structural design method of the stepped energy-dissipating damper includes the following steps: S1. Target Performance Determination: Determine the yield load of the outer yield ring. Inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio Permissible residual displacement and allowable maximum displacement need; S2. Scheme Design and Index Calculation: Based on the derived formulas, the initial values ​​of the geometric parameters of the outer yield ring, inner yield ring, and energy dissipation trough are determined, and the target first-stage yield displacement is clarified. Second-stage yield displacement The yield load of the outer yield ring is estimated based on S1. and inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and and equivalent damping ratio The target range; S3. Damper drawing and assembly: Based on the damper parameters initially determined in S2, draw the structure of each component of the stepped energy dissipation damper in the simulation software, assemble it into a stepped energy dissipation damper, and determine the constraint conditions. S4. Numerical-experimental evaluation and skeleton curve identification: S4a. Finite element loading: Establish a simulation model of a solid or shell-solid hybrid cascade energy-dissipating damper, load it according to the proposed low-cycle reciprocating and displacement control protocol, and obtain the corresponding time history diagram; S4b. Skeleton curve identification: Extract the positive and negative envelope diagrams from the reciprocating hysteresis curves, and use the yield criterion and staged linear fitting to identify the target parameters. S5. Judgment: Determine the yield load of the identified outer yield ring. and inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio Compare with the target range set in step S2. If the target range is met, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S6. S6. Parameter Iteration Optimization: Perform parameterized analysis and calculation and multi-objective optimization on the parameters of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring, and bring the optimized parameters into step 2. S7. Final Forming Determination of Cascade Energy Dissipation Dampers: Form the final drawing of the cascade energy dissipation dampers and determine the key technical points of manufacturing or assembly tolerances.

[0009] This invention utilizes simulation software to identify the target range based on actual requirements. Then, it iteratively optimizes the initial parameter values ​​through a cycle of simulation, verification, and further simulation based on relevant formulas, until the final parameters of the cascade energy-dissipating damper that meet the target range are obtained. This structural design method can quickly calculate the corresponding damper parameters for different load and stiffness requirements, providing theoretical support for the customization of cascade energy-dissipating dampers.

[0010] Preferably, the specific method for step S1 is as follows: determine the yield load of the outer yield ring. Inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio Permissible residual displacement and allowable maximum displacement Demand is determined based on actual needs.

[0011] Preferably, the specific method of step S2 includes: initial stiffness of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring. and The calculation methods include: Using formula and Calculate the bending moments of the outer and inner yield rings; Using formula

[0012] Calculate the moments of inertia of the outer and inner yield rings, considering the influence of the energy dissipation groove; Using formula

[0013] Calculate the deflection values ​​of the outer and inner yield ring arc segments; Using formula and Calculate the bending moment of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings; Using formula as well as

[0014] The corresponding deflections of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. Using formula

[0015]

[0016] The total deflections of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring were obtained respectively; Finally, use the formula

[0017]

[0018] Obtain the initial stiffness of the target parameters, the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring. and .

[0019] Preferably, the specific method of step S2 further includes: Outer yield ring and inner yield ring yield load The calculation methods include: Using formula and

[0020] The plastic bending moments of the outer and inner yield ring sections are obtained; Using formula and

[0021] The maximum effective bending moments of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. Using formula and

[0022] The yield loads of the circular arc segments of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained; Using formula and

[0023] The yield loads of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained; Using formula

[0024] The yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. and .

[0025] Preferably, the specific method of step S2 further includes: First-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement The calculation methods include: Using formula

[0026]

[0027] The first-stage yield displacement was obtained. Second-stage yield displacement .

[0028] Preferably, the specific method of step S2 further includes: Equivalent damping ratio The calculations include: Using formula

[0029]

[0030] The equivalent damping ratio is obtained.

[0031] Preferably, the specific method of step S2 further includes: based on the initial stiffness of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring. and Calculation methods, yield loads of outer and inner yield rings and Calculation method, first-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement Calculation method, equivalent damping ratio The calculation method involves reverse calculation of the radius of the outer yield ring's circular arc segment. Width of the arc segment Thickness of the arc segment Length of straight section Radius of the inner yield ring's circular arc segment Width of the arc segment Thickness of the arc segment Length of straight section Determine the materials used for the inner and outer yield rings, and determine the elastic modulus of the outer yield ring. Yield strength of outer yield ring material The elastic modulus of the inner yield ring is determined as follows: Yield strength of outer yield ring material Basic initial parameter values.

[0032] Preferably, the specific method of step S2 further includes: based on the specific target values ​​already defined in step S1, further defining the yield loads of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring. and Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio The target range is defined, and the specific fluctuation range of the target range depends on the actual engineering situation.

[0033] Preferably, the specific method of step S6 is as follows: Analyze the case where the parameters obtained from the simulation in S4b are not within the target range. If the yield load is deviated, prioritize adjusting the size parameters of the corresponding yield ring; if the initial stiffness of the yield ring is deviated, prioritize adjusting the material property parameters of the corresponding yield ring; if the damping ratio is deviated, prioritize adjusting the connection method; if the deviation is large, multi-objective optimization needs to be proposed, and the optimized data is re-imported into step S2 for simulation again until the data output in the final step S4 meets the target range.

[0034] Preferably, the specific method of step S7 is as follows: based on the various parameters of the damper that meet the target range determined in step S5, the final drawing of the stepped energy dissipation damper is formed, and the key points of manufacturing and configuration tolerance technology are determined, including the opening position and opening size of the fixing bolt holes of the upper and lower bearing plates, and the opening position and opening size of the bolt holes of the inner and outer yield rings.

[0035] The advantages of this invention are: (1) The device involved in this invention achieves graded stress and controllable yielding mechanism through the coupling design of inner and outer sets of yielding rings and stepped limiting components. When the structural displacement is less than the first stepped yielding displacement, the V-shaped drive shaft does not touch the limiting plate, and the outer yielding ring dissipates energy independently; when the displacement reaches the first stepped yielding displacement, the V-shaped drive shaft contacts the limiting plate, and the inner yielding ring begins to participate in deformation to form the second energy dissipation stage; when the displacement continues to increase to the second stepped yielding displacement, the inner and outer yielding rings yield together and enter the strong energy dissipation stage. This structure realizes the segmented energy absorption mechanism of "yielding first in small earthquakes and coordinating yielding in large earthquakes", which enables the damper to adaptively distribute energy dissipation under different earthquake magnitudes, significantly improving seismic toughness and safety redundancy.

[0036] (2) The stepped yield calculation and parameterized design method proposed in this invention derives the yield conditions and energy distribution ratios at each stage based on the relationship between the inner and outer ring stiffness, yield moment, and displacement, thus realizing the calculable matching of the damper's geometric parameters and mechanical properties. This method not only ensures the rationality of the multi-stage stress of the device but also facilitates the determination of the yield sequence and stiffness gradient through calculation during the design stage, improving the scientificity and reliability of the design. The structural design method of this invention establishes a mapping relationship between the yield ring geometric parameters, material properties, and limiting relationship and the damper's yield load, initial stiffness, and equivalent damping ratio performance index, constructing a structural calculation model with clear physical meaning. This method realizes a quantifiable design approach that derives structural parameters from performance requirements, solving the problem that existing dampers lack a unified calculation basis and rely on experience for parameter determination during the design stage. (3) The device of the present invention has a compact structure and good symmetry. It can be used alone or arranged in array in large-span spatial structures, bridges, frame nodes and curtain wall systems. By reasonably adjusting the thickness of the yield ring and the limiting gap, bidirectional energy dissipation control of vertical vibration and horizontal vibration can be achieved, which has wide engineering applicability and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cascade energy dissipation damper according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cascade energy dissipation damper of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a dimensioned drawing of the cascade energy-dissipating damper according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the hysteresis curve and skeleton curve of the cascade energy-dissipating yield damper according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a hysteresis curve diagram of the cascade energy-dissipating yield damper according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design method for a stepped energy-dissipating yield damper according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Numbering on the map: 1. Yield energy dissipation component; 2. Bearing component; 3. Step-by-step component; 11. Inner yield ring; 12. Outer yield ring; 111. Inner yield ring arc segment; 112. Inner yield ring upper straight segment; 113. Inner yield ring lower straight segment; 114. Inner yield ring energy dissipation groove; 121. Outer yield ring arc segment; 122. Outer yield ring upper straight segment; 123. Outer yield ring lower straight segment; 124. Outer yield ring energy dissipation groove; 21. Upper bearing plate; 22. Lower bearing plate; 23. Fixing bolt; 31. V-shaped drive shaft; 31a. First step yield displacement 31b, Second-stage yield displacement 32. Fixed shaft; 33. Upper limit plate; 34. Lower limit plate. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: Combination Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a stepped energy dissipation damper, including a yielding energy dissipation component 1, a load-bearing component 2, and a stepped component 3. The yielding energy dissipation component 1 includes an inner yielding ring 11 and an outer yielding ring 12; the load-bearing component 2 is used to connect the yielding energy dissipation component 1 to the external building structure; and the stepped component 3 is used to achieve stepped yielding.

[0041] Both the outer yield ring 12 and the inner yield ring 11 are "racetrack-shaped" annular components composed of two straight sections and two circular arc sections. The lower straight sections of the two yield rings overlap. The outer yield ring 12 is larger than the inner yield ring 11 and is fitted over the inner yield ring 11. Both the outer and inner yield rings have energy dissipation grooves on their circular arc sections.

[0042] Specifically, according to Figures 1-3 As shown, both the outer yield ring 12 and the inner yield ring 11 are metallic components, with the inner yield ring having a higher initial stiffness and yield force than the outer ring. The inner yield ring 11 consists of two rings with radii of... The inner yielding ring arc segment 111 and a segment of length 111 The inner yield ring consists of a straight upper section 112 and a non-connected lower straight section 113 of the inner yield ring; the outer yield ring 12 is composed of two radii of... The outer yield ring arc segment 121 and the two segments with lengths of The ring-shaped component consists of the upper straight section 122 of the outer yield ring and the lower straight section 123 of the outer yield ring. The inner yield ring 11 is fitted inside the outer yield ring 12, and the lower straight section 113 of the inner yield ring at the bottom overlaps with the lower straight section 123 of the outer yield ring at the bottom. The inner yield ring energy dissipation groove 114 located in the inner yield ring arc section 111 and the outer yield ring energy dissipation groove 124 located in the outer yield ring arc section 121 are both regular geometric hollows of a certain length that run through the yield ring along the thickness direction. Their shapes are not fixed and can be rectangular, elliptical, spindle-shaped, square with curved edges, teardrop-shaped, or other symmetrical shapes.

[0043] The load-bearing assembly 2 includes an upper load-bearing plate 21, a lower load-bearing plate 22, and fixing bolts 23. The upper load-bearing plate 21 is fixed to the upper wall of the straight section 122 of the outer yield ring by multiple fixing bolts 23; the lower load-bearing plate is fixed to the lower wall of the straight section 123 of the outer yield ring by multiple fixing bolts 23. The load-bearing assembly 2 is used to connect the damper to the building structure, serving as a force transmission path between the damper and the building. The fixing bolts 23 located on the lower load-bearing plate 22 pass through and fix the inner yield ring 11, the outer yield ring 12, and the lower load-bearing plate 22 from top to bottom, and the fixing bolts 23 are symmetrically arranged. The fixing bolts 23 located on the upper load-bearing plate 21 pass through and fix the upper load-bearing plate 21 and the outer yield ring 12 from top to bottom, and the fixing bolts 23 are symmetrically arranged.

[0044] The stepped assembly 3 is located between the outer yield ring 12 and the inner yield ring 11, and is used to achieve stepped yielding of the damper. The stepped assembly 3 includes a V-shaped drive shaft 31, a fixed shaft 32, an upper limit plate 33, and a lower limit plate 34; according to... Figure 2 As shown, the first yielding stage is provided with a first-stage yield displacement 31a (i.e., The second yielding stage is provided with a second-stage yield displacement 31b (i.e., The V-shaped drive shaft 31 is a V-shaped sleeve structure with a cylindrical center. Its upper part is welded and fixed to the inner side of the straight section 122 of the outer yield ring, and its hollow cylinder is fitted into the fixed shaft 32. The upper limit plate 33 and the lower limit plate 34 are square plate components with the same width as the inner yield ring 11 and long strip-shaped hollows in the middle. Both have protrusions in the width direction for limiting movement. The upper limit plate 33 is located on the outside of the straight section 112 of the inner yield ring, and the lower limit plate 34 is located on the inside of the straight section 112 of the inner yield ring. The fixed shaft 32 passes through the V-shaped drive shaft 31, the upper limit plate 33, the inner yield ring 11, and the lower limit plate 34 from top to bottom. The V-shaped drive shaft 31 and the fixed shaft 32 can slide left and right along the long strip-shaped hollows of the limit plates.

[0045] This application presents a structural design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper. This method allows for adjustments to the structural parameters of the yield energy-dissipating damper based on the specific engineering requirements for key damper performance parameters such as yield load, initial stiffness, and equivalent damping ratio. Combined with… Figures 1-3 The specific structural design method is as follows: 1. Calculation of the first stage of energy consumption When the device in this application is actually in operation, the outer yield ring 12 located on the outer ring is subjected to stress first, and the displacement of the V-shaped drive shaft 31 does not reach the first-stage yield displacement. At this stage, the damper is in the first stage of energy dissipation. During this stage, the outer yield ring 12 deforms within a certain range to absorb and dissipate energy, while the inner yield ring 11 does not participate in energy dissipation. When the displacement of the V-shaped drive shaft 31 and the outer yield ring 12 reaches the first stage of yield displacement... Afterwards, the outer yield ring 12 has yielded. Due to the action of the limiting plate, the inner yield ring 11 participates in energy dissipation, entering the second stage of energy dissipation. In this stage, the outer yield ring, which has already yielded, still has some residual stress and can participate in energy dissipation, working together with the inner yield ring to dissipate energy. When the displacement of the V-shaped drive shaft 31 reaches the second stage of yield displacement... Subsequently, both the outer and inner yield rings yielded. To more accurately determine the boundary between the first and second stage energy dissipation phases, different parameters were used to determine... , The specific values ​​are provided as a reference for designing dampers, and the following calculations are performed: (1) Model simplification and assumptions To simplify the analysis, before plastic deformation occurs, the material is assumed to be linearly elastic, and the stress at all points of the cross section conforms to the plane section assumption. Shear and axial deformation are neglected. A fixed horizontal load is applied to the upper bearing plate 21. P Or equivalent displacement, and the lower bearing plate 22 is fixed.

[0046] (2) Deflection analysis of the semi-circular arc segment of the outer yield ring In traditional calculations of bending deflection in a semi-circular arc, it is usually assumed that the moment of inertia of the cross section is constant. This corresponds to the ideal state of the structure without slots. However, in this invention, the energy dissipation slot is a through-type weakening structure with an elliptical or spindle-shaped form, arranged symmetrically on the inner and outer rings. Although it does not change the overall thickness of the rings, the energy dissipation slot actually forms a stress concentration area and a local moment of inertia reduction area. Therefore, the local moment of inertia must be considered during the calculation process. The adjustments were made to more closely reflect the actual stiffness characteristics.

[0047] The outer yield ring arc segment 121 has a radius of The elastic modulus is The central angle is The curved shape, with coordinates parameterized as angles Bending moment From external load P The projection of the force component over the arc length determines the angle (the fixed end of the semicircle is on the base plate). The tangential force of the micro-segment is The expression for the bending moment is:

[0048] Define the energy dissipation slot edge The expression for the moment of inertia, considering the influence of the energy dissipation tank, is as follows:

[0049] In the formula: The center angle of the slot; The width is half the angle of the slot; The attenuation coefficient reflects the degree of decrease in local stiffness.

[0050] Therefore, the deflection of the outer yield ring arc segment without a dissipation groove. The calculation is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Finally sorted into

[0053] use

[0054] Define the influence components of the energy dissipation tank:

[0055] The final deflection value of the outer yield ring arc segment is approximately:

[0056] when That is, a non-energy-consuming trough, whose original deflection is:

[0057] when The moment of inertia in the energy dissipation trough region is reduced, and the deflection is significantly increased, which can be regarded as a softening treatment.

[0058] parameter Controlling the slot width directly affects the deflection amplitude. Therefore, the presence of an energy-dissipating slot in the arc segment creates a stepped transformation in the overall mechanical response, and can be adjusted according to working conditions. value or Achieve multi-performance adjustment.

[0059] (3) Calculation of deflection of the straight section of the outer yield ring The length of the straight section 122 on the outer yield ring is Both ends are just connected to the semicircular arc and are subjected to horizontal force. P The semicircle will generate a bending moment. Since the force transmitted from the semicircle to the straight segment is shear force, the bending moment is linearly distributed along the straight segment. The origin is taken as the intersection of the straight segments. Let the bending moment be Then its expression is:

[0060] in P / 2 comes from symmetrical external loads P The strain energy is transferred in half to the straight segment, with each of the two semicircular arcs contributing half of the energy. The integral of the strain energy is:

[0061] because have to

[0062] Corresponding straight section deflection for:

[0063] (4) Calculation of total deflection, initial stiffness and displacement in the first stage of energy dissipation ① Calculation of total deflection in the first stage of energy consumption The total deflection of the first stage of energy dissipation is the overall deflection of the outer yield ring 12, which is the sum of the deflections of the bending and straight sections of the outer yield ring. Let the total deflection of the first stage of energy dissipation be... :

[0064] ② Calculation of initial stiffness of the outer yield ring Initial stiffness of outer yield ring 12 for:

[0065] This expression describes the relationship between the initial stiffness of the outer yield ring and its radius. ,length Related to, i.e., radius Larger, straight segment length The longer the length, the lower the stiffness.

[0066] ③ Calculation of total displacement in the first stage of energy consumption The first-stage energy dissipation displacement is calculated as follows: the plastic bending moment of each yield circle section is set as... Its formula is:

[0067] in It is the yield strength of the steel used in the outer yield ring. The width of the outer yield ring arc segment. The thickness of the outer yield ring arc segment; when the bending moment of the outer yield ring 12 reaches At that time, the outer yield ring 12 bends.

[0068] The yield criterion for the outer yield ring circular arc segment is: bending moment exist When it reaches its maximum value, at this time .

[0069] The yield load after introducing the energy dissipation groove is affected by the energy dissipation groove located in the middle of the arc segment. slot This will lead to a local weakening of the section stiffness and a slight decrease in the bending moment transfer capacity. Therefore, an influence coefficient needs to be introduced. Characterizing the reduction ratio of effective moment of inertia ( (The smaller the value, the more severe the weakening). At this point, the maximum effective bending moment is:

[0070] The corrected yield load for the outer yield ring arc segment is:

[0071] in, The specific value depends on the shape, size, and location of the energy dissipation tank. If the tank width is... , length is It can be estimated through finite element method or empirical value. .

[0072] The yield criterion for the straight section of the outer yield ring is: the bending moment of the straight section. At the end The value reaches its maximum at this point. Setting it equal to the plastic bending moment, we get...

[0073] The actual yield of the damper is determined by whether the straight or circular section reaches yield first. Here, we assume the first-stage yield load is... Therefore, the first-stage yield load is:

[0074] From the bilinear model, the first-stage yield displacement is the ratio of the first-stage yield load to the initial stiffness:

[0075] The final displacement is

[0076] 2. Calculation of parameters for the second stage of energy consumption (1) Deflection analysis of the semi-circular arc segment of the inner yield ring The main derivation process of the inner yield ring is basically the same as that of the outer yield ring.

[0077] The inner yield ring arc segment 221 has a radius of The elastic modulus is The central angle is The curved shape, with coordinates parameterized as angles Bending moment From external load P The projection of the force component over the arc length determines the angle (the fixed end of the semicircle is on the base plate). The tangential force of the micro-segment is The expression for the bending moment is:

[0078] Define the energy dissipation slot edge The expression for the moment of inertia, considering the influence of the energy dissipation tank, is as follows:

[0079] In the formula: The center angle of the slot; The width is half the angle of the slot; The attenuation coefficient reflects the degree of decrease in local stiffness.

[0080] Therefore, the deflection of the inner yield ring arc segment without a dissipation groove is calculated as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Finally sorted into

[0083] use

[0084] Define the influence components of the energy dissipation tank:

[0085] The final deflection value of the inner yield ring arc segment is approximately:

[0086] when That is, a non-energy-consuming trough, whose original deflection is:

[0087] when The moment of inertia in the energy dissipation trough region is reduced, and the deflection is significantly increased, which can be regarded as a softening treatment.

[0088] parameter Controlling the slot width directly affects the deflection amplitude. Therefore, the presence of an energy-dissipating slot in the arc segment creates a stepped transformation in the overall mechanical response, and can be adjusted according to working conditions. value or Achieve multi-performance adjustment.

[0089] (2) Calculation of deflection of the straight section of the inner yield ring The length of the straight section 112 on the inner yield ring is Both ends are just connected to the semicircular arc and are subjected to horizontal force. P The semicircle will generate a bending moment. Since the force transmitted from the semicircle to the straight segment is shear force, the bending moment is linearly distributed along the straight segment. The origin is taken as the intersection of the straight segments. Let the bending moment be Then its expression is:

[0090] in P / 2 comes from symmetrical external loads P The strain energy is transferred in half to the straight segment, with each of the two semicircular arcs contributing half of the energy. The integral of the strain energy is:

[0091] because have to

[0092] Corresponding deflection of the straight section of the inner yield ring for:

[0093] (3) Calculation of total deflection, initial stiffness and displacement in the second stage of energy dissipation ① Calculation of total deflection of the inner yield ring The total deflection of the yield ring in the second-stage energy dissipation stage is the sum of the deflections of the bending and straight sections of the inner yield ring. Let the total deflection of the yield ring in the second-stage energy dissipation stage be... :

[0094] ② Calculation of initial stiffness of the inner yield ring Initial stiffness of inner yield ring 11 for:

[0095] This expression indicates that if the inner yield ring 11 is made of a higher grade of steel (such as Q345) and has a smaller radius, it will... Enlarge To become smaller, thus Large, achieving high stiffness for the second-stage yielding.

[0096] ③ Calculation of yield load of inner yield ring The plastic bending moment of each yield circle section is set as Its formula is:

[0097] in It is the yield strength of the steel used in the inner yield ring. The width of the inner yield ring arc segment. The thickness of the outer yield ring arc segment; when the bending moment of the inner yield ring 11 reaches At that time, the inner yield ring 11 bends.

[0098] The yield criterion for the inner yield ring circular arc segment is: bending moment exist When it reaches its maximum value, at this time .

[0099] The yield load after introducing the energy dissipation groove is affected by the energy dissipation groove located in the middle of the arc segment. slot This will lead to a local weakening of the section stiffness and a slight decrease in the bending moment transfer capacity. Therefore, an influence coefficient needs to be introduced. Characterizing the reduction ratio of effective moment of inertia ( (The smaller the value, the more severe the weakening). At this point, the maximum effective bending moment is:

[0100] The corrected yield load for the inner yield ring arc segment is:

[0101] in, The specific value depends on the shape, size, and location of the energy dissipation tank. If the tank width is... , length is It can be estimated through finite element method or empirical value. .

[0102] Yield criterion for the straight section of the inner yield ring: bending moment of the straight section At the end The value reaches its maximum at this point. Setting it equal to the plastic bending moment, we get...

[0103] The actual yielding of the damper is determined by whether the straight section or the circular arc section reaches yield first; therefore, the yield load of the inner yield ring is:

[0104] ④ Calculation of yield displacement in the second stage of energy dissipation From the bilinear model, the yield displacement of the second-stage energy dissipation stage is the sum of the yield displacement of the inner yield ring in the second-stage energy dissipation stage and the yield displacement of the outer yield ring in the first-stage energy dissipation stage, i.e.:

[0105] The yield displacement of the final second-stage energy dissipation phase is:

[0106] To simplify calculations, a new function form is defined here, namely

[0107] Ultimately simplified to:

[0108] By determining the first-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement These two values, in turn, determine the gap position between the V-shaped drive shaft 31 and the upper and lower limit plates, providing data support for the accurate yield displacement value under different load requirements and different parameters of the yield ring, which is conducive to realizing multi-level energy consumption under customized requirements.

[0109] 3. Calculation of equivalent damping ratio Specifically, the equivalent damping ratio is an important indicator for evaluating the energy dissipation performance of a damper, utilizing dissipated energy. The equivalent damping ratio is calculated by comparing the ratio of the elastic strain energy to the elastic strain energy.

[0110] in , .

[0111] In practical engineering applications, the constants and parameters in the formulas should be corrected and verified by combining finite element analysis and low-cycle reciprocating tests, especially when the material exhibits significant hardening behavior, the connecting plates are relatively flexible, or the device needs to withstand multiple cycles of load. Using the experimental-numerical calibration method, the fatigue life, deformation capacity, and connection stiffness of the energy dissipator can be evaluated, further optimizing the geometric dimensions and limiting yield displacement, thereby making the structural design more scientific and rigorous and improving the actual performance.

[0112] Example 2: Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, experiments further verify the feasibility of the structural design method of this application. This embodiment takes... =270 mm, =170 mm, =75 mm, =35 mm, =10 mm, =8 mm, b1=b2=80 mm.

[0113] Among them, the first gradient energy consumption stage ( ): The displacement of the V-type drive shaft 31 is less than or equal to the first-stage yield displacement. Only the outer yield ring 12 participates in the stress and yields. At this time, the initial stiffness of the damper is... That is, the initial stiffness of the outer yield ring. , representing the bending stiffness of the outer yield ring 12. The outer yield ring 12 yields first in the bending section, while the inner yield ring 11 remains elastic under the constraint of the V-shaped drive shaft 31.

[0114] Second gradient energy consumption stage ( The displacement of the V-shaped drive shaft 31 is greater than the first-stage yield displacement. Less than or equal to the second-stage yield displacement At this point, after the V-shaped drive shaft 31 contacts the limiting plate, the inner yield ring 11 begins to work in series with the outer yield ring 12. The initial stiffness of the inner yield ring at this time is... The overall stiffness of the damper is The overall stress is provided by the superposition of the residual stiffness of the outer yield ring 12 after yielding and the elastic stiffness of the inner yield ring 11 until the second-stage inner yield ring 11 reaches the yield state.

[0115] Plastic stage ( The displacement of the V-shaped drive shaft 31 is greater than the second-stage yield displacement. less than or equal to At this point, both the outer yield ring 12 and the inner yield ring 11 enter the plastic stage, and the overall stiffness decreases to As both the inner and outer rings yield, the area of ​​the hysteresis loop increases significantly, and the energy dissipation capacity reaches its maximum.

[0116] The first yield point can be obtained by calculating using the relevant formulas in Example 1. , )≈(10 mm, 110 kN), second yield point ( , )≈(30 mm, 160 kN), third yield point ( , (60 mm, 250 kN) ≈ (60 mm, 250 kN). Through experiments, under multiple cyclic loading, the hysteresis curve of the device in this application exhibits a distinct trapezoidal or pin-shaped pattern: the initial loading along the stiffness... Rise to , Then the stiffness jumps to ,exist , Another jump to stiffness occurred nearby. .

[0117] Because the energy dissipation groove in this application restricts the position of the plastic hinge, the unloading path is stable and exhibits significant residual deformation and springback, resulting in a prominent energy dissipation effect. Experimental results show that the device in this application has good tiered energy dissipation capability and can achieve yielding of the outer ring and inner ring in a predetermined order according to the formula.

[0118] Example 3: Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the application of a tiered energy-dissipating yield damper structural design method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0119] This invention provides a method for designing a cascade energy-dissipating damper structure, comprising: S1. Target Performance Determination: Determine the yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings. Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio ζ, allowable residual displacement, and allowable maximum displacement Requirements, etc. Step S1 specifically involves: Based on the actual needs of the project, clarifying the requirements for the outer yield ring yield load. Inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio ζ, allowable residual displacement, and allowable maximum displacement Target requirements for key damper performance parameters.

[0120] S2. Scheme Design and Index Solving: Initially determine the geometric parameters of the outer yield ring, inner yield ring, and energy dissipation trough, and clarify the target first-stage yield displacement. Second-stage yield displacement Based on S1, the preliminary yield load of the outer yield ring is estimated. and inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and The target interval. The specific process of step S2 is as follows: ① Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and The calculation methods include: Using formula and Calculate the bending moments of the outer and inner yield rings; Using formula

[0121] Calculate the moments of inertia of the outer and inner yield rings, considering the influence of the energy dissipation groove; Using formula

[0122] Calculate the deflection values ​​of the outer and inner yield ring arc segments; Using formula and Calculate the bending moment of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings; Using formula as well as

[0123] The corresponding deflections of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. Using formula

[0124]

[0125] The total deflections of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring were obtained respectively; Finally, use the formula

[0126]

[0127] ② Yield loads of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring The calculation methods include: Using formula and

[0128] The plastic bending moments of the outer and inner yield ring sections are obtained; Using formula and

[0129] The maximum effective bending moments of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. Using formula and

[0130] The yield loads of the circular arc segments of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained; Using formula and

[0131] The yield loads of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained; Using formula

[0132] The yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. and .

[0133] ③ First-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement The calculation methods include: Using formula

[0134]

[0135] The first-stage yield displacement was obtained. Second-stage yield displacement .

[0136] ④ Equivalent damping ratio The calculations include: Using formula

[0137]

[0138] The equivalent damping ratio is obtained.

[0139] ⑤ Back-calculated parameters: based on the initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings. and Calculation methods, yield loads of outer and inner yield rings and Calculation method, first-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement Calculation method, equivalent damping ratio The calculation method utilizes the formula determined in step S1. and , and as well as The target value is used to calculate the radius of the outer yield ring's circular arc segment. Width of the arc segment Thickness of the arc segment Length of straight section Radius of the inner yield ring's circular arc segment Width of the arc segment Thickness of the arc segment Length of straight section Determine the materials used for the inner and outer yield rings, and determine the elastic modulus of the outer yield ring. Yield strength of outer yield ring material The elastic modulus of the inner yield ring is determined as follows: Yield strength of outer yield ring material Basic initial parameter values, etc.

[0140] ⑥ Define the target range: Based on the specific target values ​​defined in step S1, further define the yield loads of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring. and Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio The target range is defined, and the specific fluctuation range of the target range depends on the actual engineering situation.

[0141] S3. Drawing and Assembly of the Step-by-Step Damper Structure: Based on the damper parameters initially determined in S2, draw the structure of each component of the step-by-step energy-dissipating damper in the simulation software, assemble them into a step-by-step energy-dissipating damper, and determine the constraint conditions. The specific process of step S3 is as follows: Based on the initial parameters of the inner yield ring and outer yield ring initially determined in step S2, draw the inner yield ring, outer yield ring, limiting device, and other components in the simulation software, assemble them, and determine the constraint conditions.

[0142] S4. Numerical Analysis – Experimental Evaluation and Skeleton Curve Identification: S4a. Finite Element Loading: Establish a simulation model of a solid or shell-solid hybrid stepped damper, load it according to the proposed low-cycle reciprocating and displacement control protocol, and obtain the corresponding time history diagram; S4b. Skeleton Curve “Identification”: Extract the positive and negative envelope diagrams from the reciprocating hysteresis curve, and identify the parameters using the yield criterion and piecewise linear fitting. The specific process of step S4 is as follows: Establish a simulation model of a solid or shell-solid hybrid stepped energy dissipation damper in the simulation software, load the model with low-cycle reciprocating and displacement control according to the protocol, and obtain the corresponding time history diagram; using the relevant experimental data obtained in the experiment, extract the positive and negative envelope diagrams from the reciprocating hysteresis curve, and use the yield criterion and piecewise linear fitting to identify the yield load of the outer yield ring. Inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio parameter.

[0143] S5. Target Comparison: Identify the yield load of the outer yield ring. and inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio The parameters are compared with the target range set in step S2 to determine whether they are satisfied. If satisfied, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S6. The specific process of step S5 is as follows: the parameters identified in step S4b are compared with the target range of the target performance determined in step S2 to determine whether the identified parameters are within the target range. If they are within the target range, proceed directly to step S7; if the parameters are not within the target range, proceed to step S6.

[0144] S6. Parameter Iterative Optimization: Perform parametric analysis and multi-objective optimization on the geometric parameters of the outer and inner yield rings, connection parameters, and limiting component parameters. The specific process of step S6 is as follows: Analyze the cases where the parameters obtained from the simulation in step S4 are not within the target range. If the yield load deviates, prioritize adjusting the corresponding yield ring's dimensional parameters; if the initial stiffness of the yield ring deviates, prioritize adjusting the corresponding yield ring's material property parameters; if the equivalent damping ratio deviates, prioritize adjusting the connection method; if the deviation is large, multi-objective optimization is required. The optimized data is then re-imported into step S3, and the simulation is repeated until the data output in step S4 finally conforms to the target range.

[0145] S7. Finalization of the stepped damper: The final drawing of the stepped damper is generated, and key technical points such as manufacturing / assembly tolerances are determined. The specific process of step S7 is as follows: Based on the damper parameters that meet the target range determined in step S5, the final drawing of the stepped energy-dissipating damper is generated, and key technical points for manufacturing and configuration tolerances are determined, including the opening positions and sizes of the upper and lower bearing plate fixing bolt holes, and the opening positions and sizes of the inner and outer yield ring bolt holes.

[0146] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" used in the invention are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0147] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing a cascade energy-dissipating damper structure, characterized in that, The stepped energy-dissipating damper includes a yield energy-dissipating component, a load-bearing component, and a stepped component. The load-bearing component includes upper and lower load-bearing plates, with the yield energy-dissipating component and the stepped component located between the upper and lower load-bearing plates. The yield energy-dissipating component includes an outer yield ring and an inner yield ring, both of which are "racetrack-shaped" annular components composed of two straight sections and two arc-shaped sections. The inner yield ring is fitted inside the outer yield ring, and both the inner and outer yield rings have energy-dissipating grooves in their arc-shaped sections. The stepped component includes a limiting plate, a V-shaped drive shaft, and a fixed shaft, located between the inner and outer yield rings. The V-shaped drive shaft can make horizontal displacements along the limiting plate. The structural design method of the stepped energy-dissipating damper includes the following steps: S1. Target Performance Determination: Determine the yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings. , Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio Permissible residual displacement and allowable maximum displacement need; S2. Scheme Design and Index Calculation: Based on the derived formulas, the initial values ​​of the geometric parameters of the outer yield ring, inner yield ring, and energy dissipation trough are determined, and the target first-stage yield displacement is clarified. Second-stage yield displacement The yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings are estimated based on S1. , Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and and equivalent damping ratio The target range; S3. Damper drawing and assembly: Based on the damper parameters initially determined in S2, draw the structure of each component of the stepped energy dissipation damper in the simulation software, assemble it into a stepped energy dissipation damper, and determine the constraint conditions. S4. Numerical-experimental evaluation and skeleton curve identification: S4a. Finite element loading: Establish a simulation model of a solid or shell-solid hybrid cascade energy-dissipating damper, load it according to the proposed low-cycle reciprocating and displacement control protocol, and obtain the corresponding time history diagram; S4b. Skeleton curve identification: Extract the positive and negative envelope diagrams from the reciprocating hysteresis curves, and use the yield criterion and staged linear fitting to identify the target parameters. S5. Judgment: Determine the yield loads of the identified outer and inner yield rings. , Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio Compare with the target range set in step S2. If the target range is met, proceed to step S7; otherwise, proceed to step S6. S6. Parameter Iteration Optimization: Perform parameterized analysis and multi-objective optimization on the parameters of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring, and then bring the optimized parameters into step 3. S7. Final Forming Determination of Cascade Energy Dissipation Dampers: Form the final drawing of the cascade energy dissipation dampers and determine the key technical points of manufacturing or assembly tolerances.

2. The design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for step S1 is as follows: Determine the yield load of the outer yield ring Inner yield ring yield load Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio Permissible residual displacement and allowable maximum displacement The specific value will be determined based on actual needs.

3. The design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific methods for step S2 include: Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and The calculation methods include: Using formula and Calculate the bending moments of the outer and inner yield rings; Using formula Calculate the moments of inertia of the outer and inner yield rings considering the influence of the energy dissipation groove; Using formula Calculate the deflection values ​​of the outer and inner yield ring arc segments; Using formula and Calculate the bending moment of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings; Using formula as well as The corresponding deflections of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. Using formula The total deflections of the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring were obtained respectively; Finally, use the formula Obtain the initial stiffness of the target parameters, the outer yield ring and the inner yield ring. and .

4. The design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method of step S2 also includes: Outer and inner yield ring yield loads The calculation methods include: Using formula and The plastic bending moments of the outer and inner yield ring sections are obtained; Using formula and The maximum effective bending moments of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. Using formula and The yield loads of the circular arc segments of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained; Using formula and The yield loads of the straight sections of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained; Using formula The yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings are obtained. and .

5. The design method for a stepped energy-dissipating damper structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific method of step S2 also includes: First-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement The calculation methods include: Using formula The first-stage yield displacement was obtained. Second-stage yield displacement .

6. The design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The specific method of step S2 also includes: Equivalent damping ratio The calculations include: Using formula 、 The equivalent damping ratio is obtained.

7. The design method for a stepped energy-dissipating damper structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method of step S2 also includes: Based on the initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Calculation methods, yield loads of outer and inner yield rings and Calculation method, first-stage yield displacement Second-stage yield displacement Calculation method, equivalent damping ratio The calculation method utilizes the formula determined in step S1. and , and as well as The target value is used to calculate the radius of the outer yield ring's circular arc segment. Width of the arc segment Thickness of the arc segment Length of straight section Radius of the circular arc segment of the inner yield ring Width of the arc segment Thickness of the arc segment Length of straight section Determine the materials used for the inner and outer yield rings, and determine the elastic modulus of the outer yield ring. Yield strength of outer yield ring material The elastic modulus of the inner yield ring is determined as follows: Yield strength of outer yield ring material Basic initial parameter values.

8. The structural design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method of step S2 also includes: Based on the specific target values ​​defined in step S1, the yield loads of the outer and inner yield rings are further clarified. and Initial stiffness of the outer and inner yield rings and Equivalent damping ratio The target range is defined, and the specific fluctuation range of the target range depends on the actual engineering situation.

9. The structural design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for step S6 is as follows: For cases where the parameters obtained from the S4b simulation are not within the target range, an analysis is conducted. If the yield load deviates, the size parameters of the corresponding yield ring are adjusted first. If the initial stiffness of the yield ring deviates, the material property parameters of the corresponding yield ring are adjusted first. If the equivalent damping ratio deviates, the connection method is adjusted first. If the deviation is large, multi-objective optimization is required. The optimized data is then re-imported into step S3, and the simulation is repeated until the data output in the final step S4 meets the target range.

10. The structural design method for a cascade energy-dissipating damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for step S7 is as follows: Based on the damper parameters that meet the target range determined in step S5, the final drawing of the stepped energy dissipation damper is formed, and the key points of manufacturing and configuration tolerances are determined, including the opening position and size of the bolt holes for fixing the upper and lower bearing plates, and the opening position and size of the bolt holes for the inner and outer yield rings.

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