Micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field and preparation method thereof
By designing a micro supercapacitor with triangular interdigital electrodes and a liquid crystal gel electrolyte, the problem of low energy density was solved, achieving higher energy storage performance and charge density, thus broadening the application scenarios.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511682133.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
AI Technical Summary
Interdigitated micro supercapacitors have low energy density, making it difficult to meet the needs of practical applications.
We designed triangular interdigitated electrodes with a tip effect and used a liquid crystal gel electrolyte to fabricate micro supercapacitors through laser etching and transfer technology, thereby enhancing the electric field and optimizing electrochemical performance.
This has improved the energy density of micro supercapacitors, achieving higher energy storage performance and charge density, and broadening their application scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN121565690A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of micro-nano manufacturing and energy storage technology, specifically relating to a micro supercapacitor with enhanced cutting-edge electric field and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Compared to lithium-ion batteries, interdigitated micro supercapacitors benefit from physically isolated electrode structures, eliminating the need for separators. They also exhibit high safety, high power density, long lifespan, environmental friendliness, and ease of integration, without significant safety incidents under impact or high-temperature conditions. However, interdigitated micro supercapacitors urgently need to overcome the technological bottleneck of low energy density. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a micro supercapacitor with tip electric field enhancement and its fabrication method. The present invention achieves electrode electric field enhancement by designing and fabricating triangular interdigitated electrodes with tip effect, thereby improving the energy density of the device.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A micro supercapacitor with enhanced cutting-edge electric field includes a substrate film, on the surface of which triangular interdigitated electrodes are disposed, and a liquid crystal gel electrolyte is disposed on the triangular interdigitated electrodes.
[0005] Preferably, the parameters of the triangular interdigital electrode include: Electrode length L is 3~20 mm, tip apex angle θ The angle is 10° to 50°, and the distance between the two triangular electrodes is... d The size is 40~500 μm.
[0006] Preferably, the substrate film is a PDMS transparent film substrate.
[0007] Preferably, the triangular interdigitated electrode is made of graphene.
[0008] Preferably, the liquid crystal gel electrolyte is an electrolyte composed of lauryl ether and lithium chloride in a molar mass ratio of 1:(4~8).
[0009] This invention also provides a method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field, comprising the following steps: Triangular interdigitated electrodes of graphene material were prepared on the surface of polyimide films using laser etching. The triangular interdigitated electrodes on the surface of the polyimide film are transferred to the surface of the substrate film. A liquid crystal gel electrolyte is coated on the surface of a substrate film with triangular interdigitated electrodes to obtain the tip-field enhanced micro supercapacitor.
[0010] Preferably, the parameters of the triangular interdigital electrode include: Electrode length L is 3~20 mm, tip apex angle θ The angle is 10° to 50°, and the distance between the two triangular electrodes is... d The size is 40~500 μm.
[0011] Preferably, the substrate film is a PDMS transparent film substrate, and the process of transferring the triangular interdigitated electrodes on the surface of the polyimide film to the surface of the substrate film includes: The polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and the hydrogen-containing silicone oil curing agent are mixed evenly, and then the mixture is spin-coated onto the surface of the polyimide film with triangular interdigitated electrodes. After curing and drying under vacuum conditions, the PDMS transparent film substrate is peeled off together with the triangular interdigitated electrodes to achieve the transfer of the triangular interdigitated electrodes.
[0012] Preferably, the liquid crystal gel electrolyte lauryl ether is mixed with lithium chloride in a molar mass ratio of 1:(4~8) to form the electrolyte.
[0013] Preferably, when coating the surface of the substrate film having triangular interdigitated electrodes with liquid crystal gel electrolyte, the liquid crystal gel electrolyte is placed on the surface of the triangular interdigitated electrodes by drop coating.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: In the micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field of this invention, compared with the conventionally designed rectangular electrode structure, the triangular interdigitated electrodes can exhibit a characteristic tip effect, achieving enhanced electric field and stronger surface charge density, which helps to collect more charge to enhance energy storage performance. Based on the above principle, it can be seen that this invention can improve the energy density of the device through the tip electric field enhancement effect.
[0015] Furthermore, compared to commonly used liquid aqueous electrolytes and solid / quasi-solid gel electrolytes, this invention employs a lithium chloride-based liquid crystal electrolyte. This liquid crystal electrolyte retains good fluidity and continuity while maintaining a relatively ordered mesoporous structure, providing favorable diffusion dynamics and transport channels for electrolyte ions. This effectively alleviates the problems of high freezing point of liquid aqueous electrolytes and slow ion diffusion of solid / quasi-solid electrolytes, and is more conducive to improving the electrochemical energy storage performance of energy storage devices. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a micro supercapacitor structure with enhanced tip electric field provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fabrication process of a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1-polyimide film, 2-interdigitated triangular electrode, 3-PDMS transparent film substrate, 4-liquid crystal gel electrolyte. Detailed Implementation
[0017] In the following, specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on these detailed descriptions, those skilled in the art will be able to clearly understand and implement this application. Without departing from the principles of this application, features from various embodiments can be combined to obtain new implementations, or certain features from some embodiments can be substituted to obtain other preferred implementations.
[0018] This invention addresses the problem of low energy density in micro supercapacitors by proposing a micro supercapacitor with enhanced cutting-edge electric field, thereby developing a micro energy storage device with high energy density and further expanding its application scenarios.
[0019] Reference Figure 1 The present invention relates to a micro supercapacitor with enhanced cutting-edge electric field, comprising a substrate film, a triangular interdigitated electrode on the surface of the substrate film, wherein each individual electrode of the triangular interdigitated electrode is triangular in shape, and a liquid crystal gel electrolyte is disposed on the triangular interdigitated electrode. The substrate film may be a PDMS transparent film substrate; the material of the triangular interdigitated electrode may be graphene; and the liquid crystal gel electrolyte may be an electrolyte formed by mixing lauryl ether and lithium chloride in a molar mass ratio of 1:(4~8).
[0020] The method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to the present invention includes the following steps: Design electrode length L, tip apex angle θ A triangular interdigitated graphene electrode with an enhanced tip electric field, where the electrode spacing d can be adjusted, is described in reference. Figure 1 The electrode length L can be adjusted within the range of 3~20 mm, and the electrode tip apex angle... θ The angle can be adjusted within the range of 10° to 50°, and the distance d between the two triangular electrodes can be adjusted within the range of 40 to 500 μm.
[0021] See Figure 2 Patterned graphene material interdigitated triangular electrodes 2 (i.e., the above-mentioned triangular interdigitated electrodes) are prepared on the surface of polyimide (PI) films using laser etching technology. The interdigitated triangular electrodes 2 also serve as current collectors. Specifically, those skilled in the art can prepare graphene electrodes with different conductivity by controlling the processing power and scanning rate of laser etching. This invention does not impose specific limitations.
[0022] See Figure 2 Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) prepolymer and hydrogen-containing silicone oil curing agent are mixed at a volume ratio of (9.5~10.5):1, and then the mixture is spin-coated onto the surface of the graphene electrode (i.e., interdigitated triangular electrode 2) at a speed of 500±10 rpm to form a PDMS transparent film substrate 3. See Figure 2 After vacuuming for 28-32 minutes and drying at 80±2 ℃ for 175-185 minutes, the PDMS transparent film substrate 3 is peeled off together with the graphene electrode to achieve the transfer of the graphene electrode. See Figure 2 A liquid crystal gel electrolyte 4 made of lithium chloride-nonionic surfactant was used to obtain the micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field of the present invention. In the present invention, the liquid crystal gel electrolyte 4 is a liquid crystal gel electrolyte prepared by mixing lauryl ether and lithium chloride in a molar mass ratio of 1:(4~8), and the liquid crystal electrolyte is placed on the surface of the graphene electrode by drop coating. The electrochemical performance of the micro supercapacitor can be optimized by adjusting the lauryl ether / lithium chloride ratio.
[0023] The principle of the above technical solution of the present invention is as follows: To prepare the interdigitated triangular electrode 2, a laser was applied to the surface of the polyimide film 1 to achieve in-situ preparation of the patterned electrode. To prepare the flexible and transparent micro supercapacitor, a PDMS transparent film substrate 3 was further spin-coated onto the surface of the film with the graphene electrode etched by the spin coating method, and the graphene electrode was transferred to the PDMS transparent film substrate by the glass transfer method. Furthermore, the liquid crystal lauryl ether / lithium chloride electrolyte 4 was dropped onto the surface of the graphene electrode by the drop coating method for subsequent electrochemical performance testing.
[0024] Example This embodiment provides a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field and its fabrication method according to the present invention, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Design the electrode length L and tip angle θ Interdigitated graphene electrodes with adjustable electrode spacing d, referencing... Figure 1 The electrode length L is 6 mm, the apex angle θ of the electrode tip is 10°, and the distance d between the two triangular electrodes is 100 μm; Step 2: Patterned interdigitated triangular electrodes 2 are fabricated on the PI surface using laser etching technology. These interdigitated triangular electrodes 2 also serve as current collectors. Specifically, the processing power (4.5 W) and scanning rate (10 cm / s) of the laser etching are controlled. -1This enables the in-situ preparation of the graphene electrode in this embodiment; Step 3: Mix polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) prepolymer and hydrogen-containing silicone oil curing agent at a volume ratio of 10:1, and then spin-coat the mixture onto the surface of the graphene electrode at a speed of 500±10 rpm to form PDMS transparent film substrate 3. Step 4: After vacuuming the PI-graphene-PDMS structure obtained in Step 3 for 0.5 hours and drying it at 80 °C for 3 hours, the PDMS film substrate and the graphene electrode are peeled off together to realize the transfer of the graphene electrode from the PI film to the PDMS substrate. Step 5: Mix lauryl ether and lithium chloride at a mass ratio of 1:6 to prepare an electrolyte, thereby preparing a liquid crystal electrolyte. Then, place the electrolyte on the surface of the graphene electrode obtained in step 4 using a drop-coating method to obtain the micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field in this embodiment.
[0025] The main technical specifications of the tip-field enhanced micro supercapacitor obtained in this embodiment, after testing, are as follows: Electrochemical energy storage performance: The energy storage area capacity is 3.9 mF cm⁻¹. -2 The areal energy density is 1.03 μWh / cm². -2 It improves the performance of micro supercapacitors with rectangular electrodes of the same area by about 1.2 times.
[0026] This invention improves the area capacitance of the device by designing and fabricating an electrode structure with enhanced tip electric field and developing a liquid crystal electrolyte, thereby increasing the energy density per unit area of the device.
[0027] The development of the above-mentioned micro supercapacitor provided by this invention can promote further improvement in the performance of micro energy storage devices.
[0028] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field, characterized in that, It includes a substrate film, on the surface of which a triangular interdigitated electrode is provided, and a liquid crystal gel electrolyte is provided on the triangular interdigitated electrode.
2. The micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters of the triangular interdigital electrode include: Electrode length L is 3~20 mm, tip apex angle θ The angle is 10° to 50°, and the distance between the two triangular electrodes is... d The size is 40~500 μm.
3. A micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The substrate film is a PDMS transparent film substrate.
4. A micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The triangular interdigitated electrode is made of graphene.
5. A micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The liquid crystal gel electrolyte is an electrolyte composed of lauryl ether and lithium chloride in a molar mass ratio of 1:(4~8).
6. A method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field, characterized in that, The process includes the following: Triangular interdigitated electrodes of graphene material were prepared on the surface of polyimide films using laser etching. The triangular interdigitated electrodes on the surface of the polyimide film are transferred to the surface of the substrate film. A liquid crystal gel electrolyte is coated on the surface of a substrate film with triangular interdigitated electrodes to obtain the tip-field enhanced micro supercapacitor.
7. The method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 6, characterized in that, The parameters of the triangular interdigital electrode include: Electrode length L is 3~20 mm, tip apex angle θ The angle is 10° to 50°, and the distance between the two triangular electrodes is... d The size is 40~500 μm.
8. A method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The substrate film is a PDMS transparent film substrate. The process of transferring the triangular interdigitated electrodes on the surface of the polyimide film to the surface of the substrate film includes: The polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and the hydrogen-containing silicone oil curing agent are mixed evenly, and then the mixture is spin-coated onto the surface of the polyimide film with triangular interdigitated electrodes. After curing and drying under vacuum conditions, the PDMS transparent film substrate is peeled off together with the triangular interdigitated electrodes to achieve the transfer of the triangular interdigitated electrodes.
9. A method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The liquid crystal gel electrolyte lauryl ether is mixed with lithium chloride in a molar mass ratio of 1:(4~8) to form an electrolyte.
10. The method for fabricating a micro supercapacitor with enhanced tip electric field according to claim 9, characterized in that, When coating a liquid crystal gel electrolyte onto the surface of a substrate film having triangular interdigitated electrodes, the liquid crystal gel electrolyte is placed on the surface of the triangular interdigitated electrodes using a drop-coating method.