Underground coal gangue separation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue separation, in particular to underground coal gangue separation equipment which comprises a belt elevator, an impurity screening assembly and a separation assembly. The impurity screening assembly is fixed to the discharging end of the belt elevator, and the other end of the impurity screening assembly communicates with the sorting assembly. The sorting assembly comprises a rotary screen, a grading discharging sliding plate and a coarse material discharging sliding plate. The drum screen is a horizontal rotary barrel, the axis of the drum screen is downwards inclined in the discharging direction along the impurity screening assembly, a plurality of sections of variable-diameter screen meshes with gradually-increased hole diameters are sequentially arranged in the drum screen in the axial direction, the bottom of the drum below each section of screen mesh is correspondingly connected with a grading discharging sliding plate, and the tail end of the drum screen is connected with a coarse material discharging sliding plate. With the rotation of the drum screen, coal gangue materials roll forward in the drum and are sequentially separated and discharged from the corresponding grading discharging sliding plates and the coarse material discharging sliding plates according to the particle sizes from small to large, all the assemblies are matched with one another and work stage by stage, the sorting precision is greatly improved, multi-stage sorting is achieved, and the sorting efficiency of the coal gangue is more effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal gangue sorting technology, and more particularly to an underground coal gangue sorting device. Background Technology

[0002] During mining, gangue carries some coal with it. The product of the combination of these two substances is called coal gangue. In order to separate coal resources from the ore, coal gangue needs to be sorted. Traditional sorting equipment relies on air jets to blow the ore. Because the different components of coal gangue have different weights, they travel different distances after being blown by the air jets, thus achieving the sorting effect. This sorting method has low precision. The varying sizes of coal gangue after mining also interfere with the sorting accuracy. Larger coal materials, due to their greater weight, may also fall into the gangue area, thus affecting the sorting results.

[0003] A search revealed that Chinese utility model patent CN222607242U, authorized by the patent, discloses a "coal gangue sorting and valve plate sorting device," which includes a support base, a feeding belt connected to the upper end of the support base, a sorting bin connected to one side of the support base, a collection bin connected to one side of the sorting bin, a conveyor frame connected inside the sorting bin, a conveyor belt connected to the conveyor frame, a collection box connected to one side of the conveyor frame, the collection box being placed in the collection bin, a partition being installed inside the collection bin, a fixing frame connected to the conveyor frame, and a spray valve frame connected to the fixing frame.

[0004] While existing sorting devices, including those mentioned above, can meet general sorting requirements, their sorting accuracy is limited in actual use because coal gangue has varying particle sizes and does not automatically separate from each other, but is transported together on the conveyor belt. This makes it difficult to control the particle size of the air blown (although industrial cameras can perform intelligent analysis of coal gangue, the blowing force cannot change instantaneously, while the conveyor belt runs continuously). Consequently, they cannot be used for multi-stage sorting.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an underground coal and gangue sorting equipment with high sorting accuracy and capable of multi-stage sorting. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an underground coal gangue sorting device, which solves the technical problems of low sorting accuracy and inability to perform multi-stage sorting in traditional sorting devices.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0010] This invention provides an underground coal gangue sorting device, including a belt conveyor, a screening component, and a sorting component. The belt conveyor is used to lift the coal gangue to a target position. The screening component is fixed to the discharge end of the belt conveyor and is used to screen out impurities from the coal gangue. Its other end is connected to the sorting component, which feeds the impurity-removed coal gangue into the sorting component.

[0011] The sorting assembly includes a drum screen, a grading and feeding slide, and a coarse material feeding slide. The drum screen is a horizontal rotating cylinder with its axis inclined downwards along the discharge direction. Inside, multiple sections of variable-diameter screens with increasing apertures are arranged axially. Each section of screen has a corresponding grading and feeding slide connected to the bottom of the drum to discharge coal gangue of the corresponding particle size. The end of the drum screen is connected to the coarse material feeding slide to discharge the remaining coarse coal gangue. As the drum screen rotates, the coal gangue material tumbles and moves forward inside the cylinder, and is separated and discharged sequentially from the corresponding grading and feeding slides according to its particle size, from smallest to largest.

[0012] Optionally, both the grading discharge slide and the coarse material discharge slide include multiple rotatable rollers arranged side by side to form a guide discharge plate surface that contacts the coal gangue;

[0013] During the process of coal gangue being fed from the grading and coarse material feeding slides, multiple rollers will rotate accordingly.

[0014] Optionally, the screening assembly includes a perforated screen plate and a screening funnel. The screening funnel is fixed to the lower side of the discharge end of the belt elevator. The perforated screen plate is inclined downward along the horizontal conveying direction of the coal gangue and hinged to the top of the screening funnel, with its end extending into the interior of the sorting assembly.

[0015] Optionally, the sieving assembly also includes an oscillating power mechanism. The oscillating power mechanism is located between the perforated sieve plate and the sieving funnel, and is used to drive the perforated sieve plate to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

[0016] Optionally, the oscillation power mechanism includes a mounting block, a fixed rod, a drive rod, a connecting arm, a turntable, and a first drive assembly. The first drive assembly is fixed to the outer wall of the screening funnel, and its output end drives the connected turntable, which is vertically arranged. A horizontally extending drive rod is driven at the eccentric position of the turntable. The drive rod rotatably passes through one end of the connecting arm, and the other end of the connecting arm rotatably fits onto the horizontally arranged fixed rod. Both ends of the fixed rod are fixed to the bottom surface of the perforated screen plate by the mounting block.

[0017] Optionally, multiple connecting arms are provided at equal intervals along the axial direction of the fixed rod.

[0018] Optionally, a turbulence-disrupting component is included, which is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the discharge end of the belt conveyor and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the coal gangue. The height of the part of the turbulence-disrupting component that contacts the coal gangue is adjustable, so as to convey the coal gangue with controlled thickness.

[0019] Optionally, the turbulence-disrupting assembly includes a lifting seat, mounting ears, a turbulence-disrupting roller, and vertical cylinders. Two lifting seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge end of the belt elevator, with a mounting ear fixedly connected to the top of each seat. The two ends of the turbulence-disrupting roller are rotatably connected between the two mounting ears. A second drive assembly is fixed to the outer wall of either mounting ear, and its output end is connected to the turbulence-disrupting roller to drive its rotation. Two vertical cylinders are respectively vertically mounted at the bottom of the two lifting seats, with the piston rod of the vertical cylinder fixed to the lifting seat and its body fixed to the frame of the belt elevator.

[0020] Optionally, the turbulence assembly also includes a fixing plate, which is positioned parallel to the lower part of the lifting seat and has its sidewalls fixed to the frame of the belt conveyor. The upper end face of the vertical cylinder body is fixed to the fixing plate, and the piston rod passes through the fixing plate and is connected to the lifting seat. The piston rod and the fixing plate are slidably connected.

[0021] Optionally, the aerodynamic assembly also includes guide rods. Two guide rods are symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting seat and are respectively located on both sides of the piston rod, with their other ends penetrating the fixed plate vertically. The guide rods are slidably connected to the fixed plate.

[0022] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] This invention discloses an underground coal gangue sorting device. By installing a screening component at the discharge end of a belt conveyor, impurities in the coal gangue are effectively removed, providing high-quality feed material for subsequent grading and screening. The sorting component then performs grading and discharge. The sorting component includes a drum screen, multiple grading and discharge slides, and a coarse material discharge slide. The drum screen is a horizontal rotating cylinder with its axis inclined downwards along the discharge direction. Inside, multiple variable-diameter screens with increasing apertures are sequentially arranged axially. A grading and discharge slide is connected to the bottom of the drum below each screen section to discharge coal gangue of the corresponding particle size. The end of the drum screen is connected to the coarse material discharge slide to discharge any remaining coarse coal gangue. During operation, as the drum screen rotates, the coal gangue material tumbles and advances within the cylinder, separating and discharging sequentially from the corresponding grading and discharge slides according to its particle size, from smallest to largest. The components in this equipment work together in a step-by-step manner, which not only greatly improves the sorting accuracy and realizes multi-stage sorting, but also effectively improves the sorting efficiency of coal gangue. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment 1 of the underground coal gangue sorting equipment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the turbulence-inducing component in a coal gangue sorting device.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the oscillation power mechanism in the coal gangue sorting equipment;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of the sorting components in the coal gangue sorting equipment;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the sorting component.

[0030] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0031] 1: Belt Conveyor;

[0032] 2: Screening assembly; 21: Perforated sieve plate; 22: Screening funnel; 23: Vibration power mechanism; 231: Mounting block; 232: Fixing rod; 233: Drive rod; 234: Connecting arm; 235: Turntable; 236: First drive assembly; 237: Connecting frame;

[0033] 3: Sorting component; 31: Rotary drum screen; 32: Grading and feeding slide plate; 33: Coarse material feeding slide plate; 34: Roller;

[0034] 4: spoiler assembly; 41: lifting seat; 42: mounting ear; 43: spoiler roller; 44: second drive assembly; 45: vertical cylinder; 46: fixing plate; 47: guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" are used interchangeably. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0036] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides an underground coal gangue sorting device, including a belt conveyor 1, a screening assembly 2, a sorting assembly 3, and a turbulence-disrupting assembly 4. The belt conveyor 1 is used to lift the coal gangue to a target height. The turbulence-disrupting assembly 4 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the discharge end of the belt conveyor 1 and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the coal gangue. The height of the part of the turbulence-disrupting assembly 4 in contact with the coal gangue is adjustable, allowing the coal gangue to be conveyed with controlled thickness. The screening assembly 2 is fixed to the discharge end of the belt conveyor 1 and is used to screen out impurities from the coal gangue. Its other end is connected to the sorting assembly 3, feeding the cleaned coal gangue into the sorting assembly 3.

[0039] In operation, coal gangue is transported from underground to the target height by belt conveyor 1. The high-speed material flow at the discharge end first passes through the turbulence-disrupting component 4, which mechanically agitates the coal gangue layer to uniformly control its thickness between 5cm and 15cm (dynamically adjusted according to the sorting accuracy), preventing coal gangue accumulation from affecting subsequent screening. After thickness control, the coal gangue falls into the impurity-screening component 2 to separate impurities such as wood blocks, and then the impurity-removed coal gangue is sent to the sorting component 3 for screening.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the turbulence assembly 4 includes a lifting seat 41, mounting ears 42, a turbulence roller 43, a second drive assembly 44, a vertical cylinder 45, and a fixing plate 46. Two lifting seats 41 are symmetrically distributed and are respectively located on both sides of the discharge end of the belt elevator 1. A mounting ear 42 is fixedly connected to the top of each of the two lifting seats 41. The turbulence roller 43 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the coal gangue and spans above the discharge end of the belt elevator 1. Its two ends are rotatably connected to the two mounting ears 42 on both sides. Preferably, a circular through hole is provided at the connection position between the mounting ear 42 and the turbulence roller 43. A self-lubricating bushing is installed in this circular through hole, and the bushing and the turbulence roller 43 are clearance-fitted, so that the rotatable connection between the mounting ear 42 and the turbulence roller 43 is achieved through the rotatable connection between the bushing and the turbulence roller 43. However, this is not a limitation; a bearing can also be installed in this circular through hole, and the rotatable connection between the mounting ear 42 and the turbulence roller 43 can be achieved through the relative rotation between the inner and outer rings of the bearing.

[0041] Furthermore, the second drive assembly 44 is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting ear 42 on either side, and its output end is connected to the turbulence roller 43 to drive the turbulence roller 43 to rotate. The second drive assembly 44 is preferably a motor. Two vertical cylinders 45 are respectively vertically mounted at the bottom ends of the two lifting seats 41. The piston rod of the vertical cylinder 45 is fixed to the lifting seat 41, and the body of the vertical cylinder 45 is fixed to the frame of the belt elevator 1. That is, two vertical cylinders 45 are symmetrically arranged in the turbulence assembly 4 to drive the two lifting seats 41 to rise and fall synchronously. In use, the two vertical cylinders 45 are symmetrically arranged at the left and right ends of the turbulence roller 43 and driven by a synchronous air circuit / servo control system to ensure that the displacement error of the lifting seats 41 on both sides is ≤0.5mm, so that the turbulence roller 43 always remains parallel to the surface of the belt elevator 1, thus avoiding material accumulation or screening problems caused by the tilting of the turbulence roller 43. Preferably, the vertical cylinder 45 is connected to the frame of the belt elevator 1 via a fixing plate 46. The fixing plate 46 is parallel to the lower part of the lifting seat 41, and its sidewall is fixed to the frame of the belt elevator 1. The main body of the vertical cylinder 45 is located below the fixing plate 46, and its upper end face is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing plate 46. The piston rod of the vertical cylinder 45 passes through the fixing plate 46 and is connected to the lifting seat 41. The piston rod and the fixing plate 46 are slidably connected. The vertical cylinder 45 and the frame of the belt elevator 1 are transitionally connected via the fixing plate 46, which can shorten the distance from the fixing point of the vertical cylinder 45 to the top of its piston rod and improve the stability of the vertical cylinder 45 during operation. Preferably, the turbulence assembly 4 also includes guide rods 47. Two guide rods 47 are symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting seat 41 and are respectively located on both sides of the piston rod. The other end of the guide rods 47 away from the lifting seat 41 passes through the fixing plate 46 in a vertical direction. The guide rods 47 and the fixing plate 46 are slidably connected. In use, a pair of guide columns 47 (a total of 4 columns) are symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of each of the two lifting seats 41, forming a "two-cylinder four-column" support system with the two symmetrically distributed vertical cylinders 45, constructing a statically determinate mechanical structure that can support and guide the lifting seats 41, further improving the stability of the lifting seats 41.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the turbulence component 4 is installed, the second drive component 44 drives the turbulence roller 43 to rotate, which agitates the coal gangue and intercepts it, thereby controlling the conveying thickness of the coal gangue and ensuring uniform conveying. Furthermore, the height of the turbulence roller 43 can be adjusted using the vertical cylinder 45, which can adjust the conveying thickness of the coal gangue.

[0043] During operation, the vertical cylinder 45 is height-adjusted according to actual production needs and the characteristics of the coal gangue. Before starting the equipment, the operator sends a command to the vertical cylinder 45 through the control system based on factors such as the particle size and accumulation of the coal gangue. The piston rod of the vertical cylinder 45 will extend and retract. Since the piston rod is fixedly connected to the lifting seat 41, the extension and retraction of the piston rod will drive the lifting seat 41 to move up and down. The two lifting seats 41 are symmetrically distributed, thus maintaining the synchronous rise or fall of the lifting seats 41 on both sides. This allows for precise adjustment of the vertical distance between the turbulence roller 43 and the coal gangue on the belt elevator 1. For example, when the coal gangue particles are large and the accumulation is thick, the piston rod retracts, causing the turbulence roller 43 to descend and get closer to the coal gangue on the belt elevator 1, thereby enhancing the disturbance effect on the coal gangue. Conversely, when the coal gangue particles are small and the accumulation is thin, the piston rod extends, causing the turbulence roller 43 to rise, avoiding excessive disturbance to the coal gangue.

[0044] After the second drive assembly 44 is started, its power output end drives the turbulence roller 43 to rotate between the two mounting ears 42. The mounting ears 42 provide stable rotational support for the turbulence roller 43, ensuring that the turbulence roller 43 can operate smoothly and efficiently. When the coal gangue on the belt elevator 1 passes under the turbulence roller 43, the rotating turbulence roller 43 will come into contact with the coal gangue. The surface structure and rotational speed of the turbulence roller 43 will produce a specific disturbance effect on the coal gangue, flattening and breaking up the originally thick coal gangue layer, so that the coal gangue continues to be conveyed on the belt elevator 1 with a uniform thickness. Preferably, the surface of the turbulence roller 43 can be designed with a structure with protrusions or grooves, which can better interact with the coal gangue during rotation and enhance the turbulence effect.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the screening assembly 2 includes a perforated screen plate 21, a screening funnel 22, and an oscillating power mechanism 23. The screening funnel 22 is fixed to the lower side of the discharge end of the belt conveyor 1. The perforated screen plate 21 is inclined, positioned downwards along the horizontal conveying direction of the coal gangue at the top of the screening funnel 22, with its end extending into the sorting assembly 3 for feeding material. Simultaneously, the perforated screen plate 21 is hinged to the top of the screening funnel 22. The oscillating power mechanism 23 is located between the perforated screen plate 21 and the screening funnel 22, driving the perforated screen plate 21 to reciprocate vertically, thereby removing small particles of impurities from the coal gangue through the screening assembly 2.

[0046] The oscillation power mechanism 23 includes mounting blocks 231, fixing rods 232, drive rods 233, connecting arms 234, turntables 235, and a first drive assembly 236. Two mounting blocks 231 are symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the perforated screen plate 21, and the fixing rods 232 are fixed between the two mounting blocks 231. Alternatively, both ends of the fixing rods 232 are fixed to the bottom surface of the perforated screen plate 21 via mounting blocks 231. The first drive assembly 236 is fixed to the top surface of the connecting frame 237, which in turn fixes the connecting frame 237 to the outer wall of the screening funnel 22. This installation method ensures the stability of the first drive assembly 236 during operation. The output end of the first drive assembly 236 is connected to the turntable 235 to drive the turntable 235 to rotate. The turntable 235 is vertically arranged, and the first drive assembly 236 is preferably a motor. Then, a horizontally extending drive rod 233 is driven at the eccentric position of the turntable 235. The drive rod 233 is fixedly connected to the eccentric position of the turntable 235. The drive rod 233 rotatably passes through one end of the connecting arm 234, and the other end of the connecting arm 234 rotatably fits onto a horizontally positioned fixed rod 232, wherein the fixed rod 232 is parallel to the drive rod 233. The connection structure between the connecting arm 234 and the fixed rods 232 and 233 at both ends is the same. It can be understood that both ends of the connecting arm 234 are rotatably fitted onto the fixed rod 232 and the drive rod 233 respectively; that is, the fixed rod 232 passes through the connecting arm 234 and forms a rotating structure at the end through which it passes; the drive rod 233 also passes through the connecting arm 234 and forms a rotating structure at the end through which it passes.

[0047] In use, the operator activates the first drive assembly 236. With the activation of the first drive assembly 236, its output drives the turntable 235 to rotate. Since the drive rod 233 is fixed at an eccentric position on the turntable 235, when the turntable 235 moves in a circular motion under the drive of the first drive assembly 236, the drive rod 233 also moves in a circular motion along with the turntable 235. This eccentric design is key to converting the circular motion of the first drive assembly 236 into the reciprocating oscillating motion of the porous screen plate 21. The drive rod 233 passes through one end of the connecting arm 234, and the two form a rotating structure. Simultaneously, the fixed rod 232 passes through the other end of the connecting arm 234, also forming a rotating structure. When the drive rod 233 moves in a circular motion, it transmits the motion to the fixed rod 232 through the connecting arm 234. The connecting arm 234 plays a role in motion conversion and transmission in this process, converting the circular motion of the drive rod 233 into the arc-shaped reciprocating motion of the fixed rod 232. The fixed rod 232 is connected to the perforated screen plate 21 via two mounting blocks 231. Because the perforated screen plate 21 is hinged, when the fixed rod 232 reciprocates along an arc, it drives the perforated screen plate 21 to oscillate along the arc path. This oscillation causes the coal gangue falling on it to be continuously thrown up and down, increasing the chance of contact between the coal gangue and the screen holes, thus improving screening efficiency. Preferably, multiple connecting arms 234 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the fixed rod 232. This design further enhances the driving effect of the oscillation power mechanism 23 on the perforated screen plate 21, making the oscillation of the perforated screen plate 21 more uniform and stable, and improving the structural stability.

[0048] After the screening component 2 is installed, the coal gangue material after thickness control falls into the screening component 2. The screening component 2 achieves three major breakthroughs: high-efficiency screening, intelligent anti-clogging, and low-consumption stability through the innovative design of vertical vibration + inclined screen plate. It is especially suitable for complex working conditions with high humidity and many impurities in underground mines. Compared with the ground vibrating screen, it reduces the coal carrying rate of gangue by more than 30%, providing high-quality feed for the subsequent classification and screening of the sorting component 3. Specifically, the coal gangue material after thickness control falls into the perforated screen plate 21. The vibration power mechanism 23 drives the perforated screen plate 21 to vibrate, improving the screening efficiency. The screen hole size of the perforated screen plate 21 is preset between 40mm and 80mm to separate impurities such as wood blocks. The impurities are discharged through the bottom discharge port of the screening funnel 22. Coal gangue with a particle size >80mm slides along the screen surface into the subsequent sorting component 3 to achieve coarse pre-separation.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the sorting component 3 includes a drum screen 31, a grading and feeding slide 32, and a coarse material feeding slide 33. The drum screen 31 is a horizontal rotating cylinder, its axis inclined downwards along the discharge direction of the screening component 2, preferably at an angle between 5° and 10°. The drum screen 31 is located at the tail end of the belt elevator 1, and the discharge end of the screening component 2 extends into the interior of the drum screen 31. Inside the drum screen 31, multiple sections of variable-diameter screens with increasing apertures are arranged axially, preferably five sections at equal intervals (apertures such as 90mm, 100mm, 120mm, 140mm, and 160mm). A grading and feeding slide 32 is connected to the bottom of the drum below each section of screen to discharge coal gangue of the corresponding particle size. The end of the drum screen 31 is connected to the coarse material feeding slide 33 to discharge the remaining ultra-coarse coal gangue. During the screening process of the drum screen 31, it needs to be driven by a motor to rotate at a low speed, preferably between 8-15 rpm. As the drum screen 31 rotates, the coal gangue material tumbles and moves forward inside the drum, and is thrown up and screened as the drum rotates. Coal gangue of different particle sizes can be separated and discharged in sequence from the corresponding grading discharge slide 32 and coarse material discharge slide 33 according to their particle size from small to large. For example, as mentioned above, the drum screen 31 is divided into five sections of variable-diameter screens (apertures of 90mm, 100mm, 120mm, 140mm, and 160mm). Coal gangue with a particle size of 80mm-90mm (the particle size of the screened coal gangue is generally greater than or equal to 80mm) exits from the first section, coal gangue with a particle size of 90mm-100mm exits from the second section, and so on. Coal gangue with a particle size of 140mm-160mm exits from the fifth section and is fed from different grading discharge slides 32. Ultra-coarse coal gangue with a particle size >160mm is directly discharged into the gangue bin from the coarse material discharge slide 33. The drum screen 31 can perform multi-stage screening of coal gangue with high sorting accuracy.

[0050] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the grading and feeding slide 32 includes multiple rotatably arranged rollers 34. These rollers 34 are arranged side-by-side to form a guide plate surface that contacts the coal gangue, with adjacent rollers 34 being tangential. During the process of coal gangue being fed from the grading and feeding slide 32, the rollers 34 rotate accordingly. Furthermore, when the grading and feeding slide 32 receives the graded material from the drum screen 31, the rollers 34, through their tangential rotation and dynamic guiding design, solve the problems of easy clogging and rapid wear of traditional feeding slides. Simultaneously, the coarse material feeding slide 33 can also be configured with the same structure as the grading and feeding slide 32, i.e., the coarse material feeding slide 33 also includes multiple rotatably arranged rollers 34, which are arranged side-by-side to form a guide plate surface that contacts the coal gangue, with adjacent rollers 34 being tangential.

[0051] It should be noted that the belt conveyor 1, the first drive assembly 236 (preferably a motor), the second drive assembly 44 (preferably a motor), and the vertical cylinder 45 are all commercially available conventional equipment with built-in power switches. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections according to their needs. Their working principles are common knowledge well-known to those skilled in the art and have been fully disclosed in the prior art, and will not be elaborated upon further here. Furthermore, the circuit connections involved in this invention are conventional methods used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments; they belong to widely used prior art.

[0052] The working principle and usage process of this coal gangue sorting equipment are briefly described below:

[0053] During use, coal gangue is transported from underground to the target height by belt elevator 1. The high-speed material flow at the discharge end first passes through the turbulence component 4. The turbulence component 4 uses mechanical disturbance to uniformly control the thickness of the coal gangue layer to 5cm-15cm (dynamically adjusted according to the sorting accuracy), avoiding material accumulation that affects subsequent screening.

[0054] After the material thickness is controlled, it falls into the screening component 2. The perforated screen plate 21 and the oscillation power mechanism 23, which are inclined at the top of the screening component 2, start to work to screen and remove impurities from the coal gangue. It is especially suitable for complex working conditions with high humidity and many impurities in underground mines. It reduces the coal carrying rate of gangue by more than 30% compared with the ground vibrating screen, and provides high-quality feed for subsequent grading and screening by the drum screen 31.

[0055] The material then enters the drum screen 31, where it is thrown up and screened as the drum rotates. Coal gangue with a particle size of 80mm-90mm exits in the first section, coal gangue with a particle size of 90mm-100mm exits in the second section, and so on. Coal gangue with a particle size of 140mm-160mm exits in the fifth section and is fed from different grading discharge slides 32. Coarse coal gangue with a particle size >160mm is directly discharged into the gangue bin from the coarse material discharge slide 33.

[0056] The underground coal gangue sorting equipment shown in this embodiment uses a second drive assembly 44 to drive a turbulence drum 43 to rotate, agitating the coal gangue. The flow drum 43 also intercepts the coal gangue, controlling the conveying thickness and ensuring uniform transport. The height of the turbulence drum 43 can be adjusted using a vertical cylinder 45 to regulate the conveying thickness. A screening assembly 2 efficiently removes small particles of impurities from the coal gangue, providing high-quality feed for subsequent processes. Finally, a drum screen 31 performs multi-stage screening of the coal gangue with high accuracy. The components work together in a step-by-step manner, significantly improving sorting accuracy, achieving multi-stage sorting, and effectively increasing the sorting efficiency of the coal gangue.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground coal gangue sorting device, characterized in that, It includes a belt conveyor (1), a screening assembly (2), and a sorting assembly (3); The belt conveyor (1) is used to lift coal gangue to the target position; The screening component (2) is fixed to the discharge end of the belt elevator (1) and is used to screen out impurities in the coal gangue. Its other end is connected to the sorting component (3) to send the coal gangue after impurity removal into the sorting component (3). The sorting component (3) includes a drum screen (31), a grading and feeding slide (32), and a coarse material feeding slide (33). The drum screen (31) is a horizontal rotating cylinder with its axis inclined downwards along the discharge direction of the screening component (2). Inside, multiple variable-diameter screens with increasing apertures are arranged in sequence along the axial direction. The bottom of the drum below each screen is connected to a corresponding grading discharge slide plate (32) for discharging coal gangue of the corresponding particle size. The end of the drum screen (31) is connected to the coarse material discharge slide plate (33) for discharging the remaining coarse coal gangue. As the drum screen (31) rotates, the coal gangue material rolls forward in the cylinder and is separated and discharged from the corresponding grading discharge slide plate (32) and coarse material discharge slide plate (33) in sequence according to its particle size from small to large.

2. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The graded feeding slide (32) and the coarse material feeding slide (33) both include multiple rotatably arranged rollers (34), and the multiple rollers (34) are arranged side by side to form a guide feeding plate surface that contacts the coal gangue; During the process of coal gangue being fed from the graded feeding slide (32) and the coarse material feeding slide (33), the multiple rollers (34) will rotate accordingly.

3. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sieving assembly (2) includes a porous sieve plate (21) and a sieving funnel (22). The screening funnel (22) is fixed to the lower side of the discharge end of the belt elevator (1); The porous screen plate (21) is inclined downward along the horizontal conveying direction of the coal gangue and hinged to the top of the screening funnel (22), with its end extending into the interior of the sorting component (3).

4. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The sieving assembly (2) also includes an oscillation power mechanism (23); The oscillation power mechanism (23) is located between the porous sieve plate (21) and the sieve funnel (22) and is used to drive the porous sieve plate (21) to oscillate back and forth in the vertical direction.

5. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The oscillation power mechanism (23) includes a mounting block (231), a fixing rod (232), a driving rod (233), a connecting arm (234), a turntable (235), and a first driving assembly (236). The first driving component (236) is fixed to the outer wall of the sieve funnel (22), and its output end is driven to connect to the turntable (235), which is vertically arranged; The eccentric position transmission of the turntable (235) is provided by the horizontally extending drive rod (233). The drive rod (233) is rotatably inserted through one end of the connecting arm (234), and the other end of the connecting arm (234) is rotatably sleeved on the horizontally arranged fixing rod (232). The two ends of the fixing rod (232) are respectively fixed to the bottom surface of the porous sieve plate (21) by the mounting block (231).

6. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting arm (234) is provided at equal intervals along the axial direction of the fixed rod (232).

7. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a turbulence component (4); The turbulence component (4) is mounted on the upper side of the discharge end of the belt elevator (1) and is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the coal gangue. The height of the part of the turbulence component (4) in contact with the coal gangue is adjustable, so as to convey the coal gangue with controlled thickness.

8. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The turbulence assembly (4) includes a lifting seat (41), mounting ears (42), turbulence rollers (43), (44) and a vertical cylinder (45). The two lifting seats (41) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the discharge end of the belt elevator (1), and a mounting ear (42) is fixedly connected to their top ends respectively. The two ends of the turbulence roller (43) are rotatably connected between the two mounting ears (42); The second drive assembly (44) is fixed to the outer wall of any of the mounting ears (42), and its output end is connected to the turbulence roller (43) for driving the turbulence roller (43) to rotate; The two vertical cylinders (45) are respectively vertically disposed at the bottom ends of the two lifting seats (41). The piston rod of the vertical cylinder (45) is fixed to the lifting seat (41), and its main body is fixed to the frame of the belt elevator (1).

9. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The turbulence assembly (4) also includes a fixing plate (46); The fixing plate (46) is arranged parallel to the lower part of the lifting seat (41), and its side wall is fixed to the frame of the belt elevator (1); The upper end face of the main body of the vertical cylinder (45) is fixed to the fixed plate (46), and the piston rod passes through the fixed plate (46) and is connected to the lifting seat (41). The piston rod is slidably connected to the fixed plate (46).

10. The underground coal gangue sorting equipment as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The turbulence assembly (4) also includes a guide rod (47). The two guide rods (47) are symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting seat (41) and respectively located on both sides of the piston rod, with the other end of each rod penetrating the fixing plate (46) in a vertical direction. The guide rod (47) is slidably connected to the fixing plate (46).

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