Kitchen garbage composting fermentation device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment equipment, and discloses a kitchen waste compost fermentation device and a using method thereof.The kitchen waste compost fermentation device comprises a fermentation box, a feeding port and a discharging port are formed in the fermentation box and used for inputting and outputting materials, the feeding port is located in the top, the discharging port is located in the bottom, and a feeding hopper is installed on the fermentation box; the feeding hopper is located at the top of the fermentation box and communicates with the feeding port, a crushing assembly is arranged on the feeding hopper and used for crushing the materials in the process that the materials enter the fermentation box through the feeding hopper, the composting barrel is arranged in the composting box and is driven to rotate through the rotating motor, and therefore in the composting operation, the composting efficiency is improved; by rotating the fermentation cylinder by a certain angle, the composting cylinder is arranged in an inclined manner, and then materials at a higher position in the fermentation cylinder roll towards a lower position under the action of gravity, so that the materials in the composting cylinder are turned over, and the fermentation uniformity of the materials is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of kitchen garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a kitchen garbage composting fermentation device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In people's daily production and living activities, a large amount of kitchen garbage is generated every day. If these kitchen garbage is directly landfilled, its high moisture and high organic matter characteristics will cause a series of environmental problems, such as soil and groundwater pollution by leachate, greenhouse gas emission such as methane to aggravate climate change, and serious damage to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is urgent to explore effective resource utilization approaches for kitchen garbage. In the existing technical system, kitchen garbage can be mixed with soil at a certain ratio, and through composting fermentation process, it can be converted into organic fertilizer beneficial to plant growth. In this way, the resource utilization of kitchen garbage can be realized, and the negative impact on the environment can be significantly reduced.

[0003] Currently, in the actual operation process of kitchen garbage composting, the commonly used method is to simply mix kitchen garbage with soil and then directly place it in an incubator for fermentation culture. However, this culture method is prone to cause clumping between kitchen garbage and soil during use, affecting the airflow in the incubator and causing temperature differences in different areas of the incubator, thereby hindering the full contact between microorganisms and materials in the fermentation system, causing uneven fermentation, and the temperature differences in different areas also affect the fermentation effect between microorganisms and materials, ultimately affecting the quality and use effect of the kitchen garbage composting fermentation product. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a kitchen garbage composting fermentation device and a use method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: The present application is a kitchen garbage composting fermentation device, which comprises a fermentation tank, a feeding port and a discharging port are provided on the fermentation tank for the input and output of materials, wherein the feeding port is located at the top and the discharging port is located at the bottom, a feeding hopper is installed on the fermentation tank, the feeding hopper is located at the top of the fermentation tank and communicates with the feeding port, a crushing assembly is provided on the feeding hopper, which is used to crush the materials during the process of entering the fermentation tank through the feeding hopper, a discharging frame is installed on the fermentation tank, the discharging frame is installed at the bottom of the fermentation tank and communicates with the discharging port; a fermentation cylinder is rotatably installed on the fermentation tank, the fermentation cylinder is used to receive and store the materials input from the feeding hopper, a through slot is provided on the fermentation cylinder for the entry and discharge of materials, a rotary motor is installed on the fermentation tank, the rotary motor is used to drive the rotation of the fermentation cylinder to realize the overturning of the materials in the fermentation cylinder.

[0006] Further, the arc-shaped bottom plate is rotatably installed in the fermentation box. In normal state, the arc-shaped bottom plate is arranged below the fermentation cylinder and above the discharge port of the fermentation box, and is in contact with the outer wall of the fermentation cylinder, and is used for plugging the discharge port of the fermentation box.

[0007] Further, the fermentation cylinder is provided with a shielding block. After the fermentation is completed, the rotating motor drives the fermentation cylinder to rotate, and then drives the shielding block to rotate, and drives the arc-shaped bottom plate to rotate under the action of the shielding block, so that the arc-shaped bottom plate rotates with the fermentation cylinder and is separated from the plugging of the discharge port. After rotating one hundred and eighty degrees, the through slot on the fermentation cylinder is aligned with the discharge port, and the material in the fermentation cylinder is discharged from the discharge port out of the fermentation box.

[0008] Further, a groove is formed in the arc-shaped bottom plate, and an arc-shaped rack is arranged in the groove. An agitating rod is rotatably installed on the fermentation cylinder, and an agitating blade is installed on the agitating rod. The agitating blade is in contact with the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder. An agitating gear is sleeved on the agitating rod, and the agitating gear is engaged with the arc-shaped rack. During the rotation of the fermentation cylinder, the agitating gear drives the agitating rod to rotate under the action of the annular rack, so that the agitating blade agitates the material.

[0009] Further, a cover is hingedly connected to the feeding hopper, and the cover is used for plugging the top of the feeding hopper. An air blower is installed on the fermentation box, and a gas guide frame is installed on the fermentation box. The gas guide frame is located on one side of the fermentation cylinder. An air outlet hole is formed in the gas guide frame. An air guide pipe one is installed on the air blower, and the air guide pipe one is communicated with the gas guide frame, so that the air guide frame is provided with air by the air blower.

[0010] Further, a filter box is installed on the fermentation box, and an activated carbon plate is arranged in the filter box. The filter box is communicated with the air inlet of the air blower. An air guide pipe two is installed on the filter box, and the air guide pipe two is communicated with the cover, so that a relatively closed air flow circulation is formed in the fermentation box.

[0011] Further, an adjusting plate is slidably installed on the gas guide frame. An adjusting hole is formed in the adjusting plate, and the adjusting hole is matched with the air outlet hole. In normal state, the adjusting hole is communicated with the air outlet hole. A return spring is arranged on the gas guide frame, and the return spring is used for keeping the adjusting plate in a stable state when the adjusting plate is not subjected to external force. An adjusting head is installed on the adjusting plate, and the adjusting head extends out of the fermentation box and is slidably connected with the fermentation box. A circular gear two is rotatably installed on the fermentation box, and a wave disc is arranged on the circular gear two. The wave disc is matched with the adjusting head. Under the action of the wave disc, the adjusting head pulls the adjusting plate to move, so that the air outlet hole and the adjusting hole present reciprocating and interlaced state, and the impact force of the air discharged from the air outlet hole is improved. The circular gear two is connected with the rotating motor by engagement and rotates with the rotating motor.

[0012] Further, the outer wall of the fermentation cylinder is provided with a ventilation assembly, so that the airflow can act on the material in the fermentation cylinder.

[0013] This invention relates to a method of using a kitchen waste composting and fermentation device, comprising the following steps: S1: Mix the kitchen waste to be composted with soil to form compost material, then place the material into the feed hopper, crush the material through the crushing component, and the crushed material enters the fermentation tank. S2: The material undergoes composting fermentation in the fermentation drum. The rotary motor is started to drive the fermentation drum to rotate within a small range, causing the fermentation drum to be tilted. This causes the material on one side of the fermentation drum to move towards the material on the lower side, thus completing the turning of the material. S3: During the rotation of the fermentation tank, the agitator gear drives the agitator rod and agitator blade to rotate under the action of the arc rack, so that the material at the lower part of the fermentation tank is agitated and the agglomeration of the material is reduced; S4: Start the blower to agitate the airflow. The airflow impacts the material inside the fermentation tank under the action of the air guide frame and exhaust port. The impact force is used to assist in turning the material over and breaking it up. S5: After the material fermentation is completed, the fermentation cylinder is rotated 180 degrees by the rotary motor. Under the action of the blocking block, the arc-shaped bottom plate is disengaged from the outlet, and the through groove on the fermentation cylinder is aligned with the outlet to discharge the fermented material.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the traditional composting operation where kitchen waste is directly piled up in the composting bin for fermentation, the present invention sets up a composting cylinder in the composting bin and drives the composting cylinder to rotate through a rotary motor. This makes it convenient to rotate the composting cylinder at a certain angle during the composting operation, so that the composting cylinder is tilted. Then, the material in the higher position of the composting cylinder rolls to the lower position under the action of gravity, thus completing the turning of the material in the composting cylinder, ensuring the uniformity of the fermentation of the material. At the same time, the turning of the material also reduces the temperature difference and ensures the fermentation effect of the material.

[0015] (2) By setting an arc-shaped bottom plate, the present invention can form a blockage between the fermentation cylinder and the discharge port of the fermentation box. After fermentation is completed, the fermentation cylinder is rotated 180 degrees, and the arc-shaped bottom plate is pushed to rotate with the fermentation cylinder by the blocking block on the fermentation cylinder. Finally, the through groove on the fermentation cylinder is aligned with the discharge port on the fermentation box, thereby discharging the material in the fermentation cylinder and improving the discharge efficiency of compost material.

[0016] (3) By setting up a stirring rod, the present invention enables the stirring rod and the stirring blades on it to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the composting cylinder under the combined action of the stirring gear and the ring rack. This can stir the material placed at the lower part of the composting cylinder, thereby reducing the probability of the material at the lowest point clumping due to the squeezing pressure of the material above, ensuring that the material is loose, and thus ensuring the fermentation effect of the material and microorganisms.

[0017] (4) The present invention is equipped with a blower on the fermentation box to provide airflow to the material in the fermentation box by blowing airflow, so as to ensure the normal fermentation of the material. At the same time, by setting up air guide pipe one and air guide pipe two, the airflow in the fermentation box can form a circulation. Under the action of activated carbon plate, some harmful gases in the airflow are absorbed, reducing the damage of the gas generated during the fermentation process to the surrounding environment. At the same time, the circulation of airflow can also keep the temperature in the fermentation box in a relatively stable state, reducing the impact of temperature difference on the fermentation of the material.

[0018] (5) In the process of using a blower to provide airflow to the fermentation tank, the present invention uses an air guide frame and its exhaust hole as the airflow input component. This allows the airflow to act on the fermentation cylinder and cause an impact on the tilted and turned material inside the fermentation cylinder. This can not only remove the material adhering to the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder through the impact, but also make the material more dispersed, ensuring the uniformity of the material. With the cooperation of the adjustment plate, adjustment head and wave plate, the intermittent space adjustment makes the airflow more impactful when it acts on the fermentation cylinder through the exhaust hole, forming a better impact effect on the material.

[0019] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fermentation tank in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fermentation tank in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped base plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blower and the cover in this invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the air guide frame in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wave disk structure in this invention.

[0022] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: In the diagram: 1. Fermentation box; 2. Feed hopper 2; 3. Crushing assembly; 4. Cover; 5. Fermentation cylinder; 6. Stirring gear; 7. Stirring rod; 8. Rotary motor; 9. Blower; 10. Filter box; 11. Activated carbon plate; 12. Air guide frame; 13. Adjusting plate; 14. Return spring; 15. Adjusting head; 16. Wave plate; 17. Arc-shaped bottom plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-8As shown, this invention is a kitchen waste composting and fermentation device, including a fermentation tank 1. The fermentation tank 1 is provided with an inlet and an outlet for material input and output, wherein the inlet is located at the top and the outlet is located at the bottom. A feeding hopper 2 is installed on the fermentation tank 1, located at the top of the fermentation tank 1 and connected to the inlet. A crushing component 3 is provided on the feeding hopper 2, which is constructed using existing technology and consists of two crushing rollers. Each crushing roller is fitted with a crushing gear, and the two crushing gears are meshed together. A crushing motor is installed on the feeding hopper 2, and the output shaft of the crushing motor is meshed with one of the crushing gears. It is used to crush the material as it enters the fermentation tank 1 through the feeding hopper 2. A discharge frame is installed on the fermentation tank 1. The fermentation tank 1 is installed at the bottom and connected to the discharge port. A fermentation cylinder 5 is rotatably installed on the fermentation tank 1. The fermentation cylinder 5 is used to receive and store the material input from the feed hopper 2. The fermentation cylinder 5 has a through groove for the material to enter and exit. A rotary motor 8 is installed on the fermentation tank 1. The rotary motor 8 is used to drive the fermentation cylinder 5 to rotate, thereby turning the material inside the fermentation cylinder 5. A rotary gear 1 is sleeved on one end of the fermentation cylinder 5. A rotary gear 2 is sleeved on the output shaft of the rotary motor 8. The rotary gear 1 and the rotary gear 2 are meshed and connected. An arc-shaped bottom plate 17 is rotatably installed inside the fermentation tank 1. Under normal conditions, the arc-shaped bottom plate 17 is located below the fermentation cylinder 5 and above the discharge port of the fermentation tank 1, and is in contact with the outer wall of the fermentation cylinder 5. It is used to block the discharge port on the fermentation tank 1.

[0025] A blocking block is installed on the fermentation cylinder 5. After fermentation, the rotary motor 8 drives the fermentation cylinder 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the blocking block to rotate. Under the action of the blocking block, the arc-shaped bottom plate 17 rotates, causing the arc-shaped bottom plate 17 to rotate with the fermentation cylinder 5 and disengage from the outlet. After rotating 180 degrees, the through groove on the fermentation cylinder 5 aligns with the outlet, and the material in the fermentation cylinder 5 is discharged from the fermentation box 1 through the outlet. The arc-shaped bottom plate 17 has a groove with an arc-shaped rack inside. A stirring rod 7 is rotatably installed on the fermentation cylinder 5, and stirring blades are installed on the stirring rod 7. The stirring blades contact the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder 5. A stirring gear 6 is sleeved on the stirring rod 7 and meshes with the arc-shaped rack. During the rotation of the fermentation cylinder 5, under the action of the ring rack, the stirring gear 6 drives the stirring rod 7 to rotate, causing the stirring blades to stir the material.

[0026] A cover 4 is hinged to the feed hopper 2 to seal the top of the feed hopper 2. A blower 9 is installed on the fermentation box 1, and an air guide frame 12 is installed on the fermentation box 1. The air guide frame 12 is located on one side of the fermentation cylinder 5 and has an exhaust hole. An air guide pipe is installed on the blower 9 and is connected to the air guide frame 12. The blower 9 provides gas to the air guide frame 12. A filter box 10 is installed on the fermentation box 1. An activated carbon plate 11 is installed in the filter box 10 and is connected to the air inlet of the blower 9. An air guide pipe 2 is installed on the filter box 10 and is connected to the cover 4, so that a relatively closed airflow circulation is formed in the fermentation box 1. Both the air guide pipe 1 and the air guide pipe 2 are made of flexible pipes.

[0027] An adjusting plate 13 is slidably mounted on the air guide frame 12. The adjusting plate 13 has an adjusting hole that matches the exhaust hole. Normally, the adjusting hole and exhaust hole are connected. A return spring 14 is provided on the air guide frame 12. The return spring 14 is used to keep the adjusting plate 13 in a stable position when no external force is applied. A T-shaped slide rail is mounted on the air guide frame 12. A T-shaped sliding plate is mounted on one side of the adjusting plate 13, and the T-shaped sliding plate is slidably connected to the T-shaped slide rail. Two baffles are mounted on the air guide frame 12. Two return springs 14 are provided, one on each side of the T-shaped sliding plate, with the two return springs 14 spaced far apart from each other. One end is connected to two baffles respectively. An adjustment head 15 is installed on the adjustment plate 13. The adjustment head 15 extends to the outside of the fermentation box 1 and is slidably connected to the fermentation box 1. A circular gear two is rotatably installed on the fermentation box 1. A wave plate 16 is provided on the circular gear two. The wave plate 16 is adapted to the adjustment head 15. Under the action of the wave plate 16, the adjustment head 15 pulls the adjustment plate 13 to move, so that the exhaust hole and the adjustment hole are interleaved, which increases the impact force of the gas discharged from the exhaust hole. The circular gear two is connected to the rotary motor 8 through meshing and rotates with the rotary motor 8. Specifically, the circular gear two is meshed with the rotary gear one.

[0028] The outer wall of the fermentation tank 5 is equipped with a ventilation component to facilitate airflow to the material inside the fermentation tank 5. The ventilation component may consist of ventilation holes or a filter screen, so that the fermentation tank 5 has a ventilation function.

[0029] In actual use, the fermentation device provided in this invention can be equipped with a heater on the fermentation tank 1, and a temperature sensor can be used to monitor the temperature inside the fermentation tank 1. Both the heater and the temperature sensor are constructed using existing technologies.

[0030] In the process of using this invention, the material to be composted is first fed into the fermentation tank 1 through the feed hopper 2. During this process, the material is crushed by the crushing component 3 to ensure the uniformity of the material entering the fermentation tank 1. After the material enters the fermentation cylinder 5 through the feed hopper 22, fermentation can begin inside the fermentation cylinder 5. During fermentation, the rotary motor 8 is started to rotate the fermentation cylinder 5 slightly, causing the fermentation cylinder 5 to tilt. During this process, the material at higher positions in the fermentation cylinder 5 will move towards the material at lower positions, thereby creating a tumbling effect. This tumbling makes the material more uniform within the fermentation cylinder 5, and also allows the temperature in the material to dissipate better and faster, preventing the high temperature caused by the accumulation of fermentation material. At the same time, the blower 9 can be started to agitate the airflow, ensuring air circulation. The airflow through the air guide frame 12 and the exhaust port acts on the material inside the fermentation tank 1. The airflow impacts the material, causing it to detach from the fermentation cylinder 5. This also helps to better disperse and homogenize the material, and it also cools the material quickly. During the rotation of the mixing drum, the mixing gear and the arc-shaped rack drive the mixing rod and mixing blades to rotate, stirring the material located at the lower part of the fermentation cylinder 5. This prevents the material from clumping under pressure and further ensures the uniformity of the material. After the material fermentation is complete, the rotary motor 8 is started to rotate the mixing drum 180 degrees, causing the fermentation cylinder 5 to rotate and detach from the discharge port on the fermentation tank 1. At the same time, the through groove on the fermentation cylinder 5 is aligned with the discharge port on the fermentation tank 1, allowing the material to be discharged from the fermentation tank 1, thus completing the fermentation process.

[0031] This invention relates to a method of using a kitchen waste composting and fermentation device, comprising the following steps: S1: Mix the kitchen waste to be composted with soil to form compost material, then place the material into the feed hopper 2, crush the material through the crushing component 3, and the crushed material enters the fermentation tank 5. S2: The material is composted and fermented in the fermentation cylinder 5. The rotary motor 8 is started to drive the fermentation cylinder 5 to rotate within a small range, so that the fermentation cylinder 5 is tilted. Then, the material at the higher position on one side of the fermentation cylinder 5 moves to the material at the lower position, thus completing the turning of the material. S3: During the rotation of the fermentation tank 5, the stirring gear 6 drives the stirring rod 7 and stirring blades to rotate under the action of the arc rack, so that the material at the lower part of the fermentation tank 5 is stirred and the agglomeration of the material is reduced. S4: Start the blower 9 to agitate the airflow. The airflow impacts the material in the fermentation tank 5 under the action of the air guide frame 12 and the exhaust hole. The impact force is used to assist in turning the material over and at the same time to break up the material. S5: After the material fermentation is completed, the fermentation cylinder 5 is rotated 180 degrees by the rotary motor 8. Under the action of the blocking block, the arc-shaped bottom plate 17 is disengaged from the outlet, and at the same time, the through groove on the fermentation cylinder 5 is aligned with the outlet, and the fermented material in the fermentation cylinder 5 is discharged.

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A kitchen waste composting and fermentation device, comprising a fermentation tank (1), wherein the fermentation tank (1) is provided with an inlet and an outlet for material input and output, wherein the inlet is located at the top and the outlet is located at the bottom, characterized in that: A feeding hopper (2) is installed on the fermentation box (1). The feeding hopper (2) is located on the top of the fermentation box (1) and is connected to the feed inlet. A crushing component (3) is provided on the feeding hopper (2) to crush the material during the process of the material entering the fermentation box (1) through the feeding hopper (2). A discharge frame is installed on the fermentation box (1). The discharge frame is installed at the bottom of the fermentation box (1) and is connected to the discharge outlet. A fermentation cylinder (5) is rotatably mounted on the fermentation box (1). The fermentation cylinder (5) is used to receive and store the material input from the feed hopper (2). A through groove is opened on the fermentation cylinder (5) for the material to enter and exit. A rotary motor (8) is installed on the fermentation box (1). The rotary motor (8) is used to drive the fermentation cylinder (5) to rotate, so as to realize the flipping of the material in the fermentation cylinder (5).

2. The kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped bottom plate (17) is rotatably installed inside the fermentation tank (1). Under normal conditions, the arc-shaped bottom plate (17) is located below the fermentation cylinder (5) and above the discharge port of the fermentation tank (1), and is in contact with the outer wall of the fermentation cylinder (5). It is used to block the discharge port on the fermentation tank (1).

3. The kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A blocking block is installed on the fermentation cylinder (5). After fermentation is completed, the rotary motor (8) drives the fermentation cylinder (5) to rotate, which in turn drives the blocking block to rotate. Under the action of the blocking block, the arc-shaped bottom plate (17) rotates, so that the arc-shaped bottom plate (17) follows the fermentation cylinder (5) to rotate and is released from the blockage of the discharge port. After rotating 180 degrees, the through groove on the fermentation cylinder (5) is aligned with the discharge port, and the material in the fermentation cylinder (5) is discharged from the fermentation box (1) through the discharge port.

4. The kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the arc-shaped bottom plate (17), and an arc-shaped rack is provided in the groove. A stirring rod (7) is rotatably installed on the fermentation cylinder (5), and stirring blades are installed on the stirring rod (7). The stirring blades contact the inner wall of the fermentation cylinder (5). A stirring gear (6) is sleeved on the stirring rod (7). The stirring gear (6) meshes with the arc-shaped rack. During the rotation of the fermentation cylinder (5), under the action of the ring rack, the stirring gear (6) drives the stirring rod (7) to rotate, so that the stirring blades stir the material.

5. The kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cover (4) is hinged to the feed hopper (2). The cover (4) is used to seal the top of the feed hopper (2). A blower (9) is installed on the fermentation box (1). A gas guide frame (12) is installed on the fermentation box (1). The gas guide frame (12) is located on one side of the fermentation cylinder (5). An exhaust hole is opened on the gas guide frame (12). A gas guide pipe is installed on the blower (9). The gas guide pipe is connected to the gas guide frame (12). Gas is supplied to the gas guide frame (12) through the blower (9).

6. The kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter box (10) is installed on the fermentation box (1). An activated carbon plate (11) is installed inside the filter box (10). The filter box (10) is connected to the air inlet of the blower (9). A second air guide pipe is installed on the filter box (10). The second air guide pipe is connected to the cover (4), so that a relatively closed airflow circulation is formed inside the fermentation box (1).

7. A kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An adjusting plate (13) is slidably installed on the air guide frame (12). An adjusting hole is provided on the adjusting plate (13). The adjusting hole is adapted to the exhaust hole. Under normal conditions, the adjusting hole is connected to the exhaust hole. A reset spring (14) is provided on the air guide frame (12). The reset spring (14) is used to keep the adjusting plate (13) in a stable position when it is not subjected to external force. An adjusting head (15) is installed on the adjusting plate (13). The adjusting head (15) extends to the outside of the fermentation box (1) and is slidably connected to the fermentation box (1). A circular gear II is rotatably installed on the fermentation box (1). A wave plate (16) is provided on the circular gear II. The wave plate (16) is adapted to the adjusting head (15). Under the action of the wave plate (16), the adjusting head (15) pulls the adjusting plate (13) to move, so that the exhaust hole and the adjusting hole are interleaved, which increases the impact force of the gas discharged from the exhaust hole. The circular gear II is connected to the rotary motor (8) through meshing and rotates with the rotary motor (8).

8. The kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A ventilation component is provided on the outer wall of the fermentation tank (5) to facilitate airflow to the material inside the fermentation tank (5).

9. The method of using the kitchen waste composting and fermentation device according to claim 8, comprising the following steps: S1: Mix the kitchen waste to be composted with soil to form compost material, then place the material into the feed hopper (2), crush the material through the crushing component (3), and the crushed material enters the fermentation tank (5); S2: The material is composted in the fermentation cylinder (5). The rotary motor (8) is started to drive the fermentation cylinder (5) to rotate within a small range, so that the fermentation cylinder (5) is tilted. Then, the material at the higher position on one side of the fermentation cylinder (5) moves to the material at the lower position, thus completing the turning of the material. S3: During the rotation of the fermentation tank (5), under the action of the arc rack, the stirring gear (6) drives the stirring rod (7) and stirring blade to rotate, so that the material at the lower part of the fermentation tank (5) is stirred, reducing the agglomeration of the material; S4: Start the blower (9) to blow the airflow. The airflow impacts the material in the fermentation tank (5) under the action of the air guide frame (12) and the exhaust hole. The impact force is used to assist the material to turn over and at the same time to break up the material. S5: After the material fermentation is completed, the fermentation cylinder (5) is rotated 180 degrees by the rotary motor (8). Under the action of the blocking block, the arc-shaped bottom plate (17) is disengaged from the outlet, and the through groove on the fermentation cylinder (5) is aligned with the outlet to discharge the fermented material in the fermentation cylinder (5).

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