Experimental system and method for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid atomization and measurement, and discloses an experimental system and method for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement. The system comprises a jet flow collision adjusting module used for providing fluid jet and adjusting jet parameters; the dynamic image recording module is used for recording dynamic images of fluid atomization and mixing; and the mixed component measuring module is used for collecting and measuring the components of the atomized and settled mixed fluid. The system improves the controllability and measurement precision of a fluid atomization experiment, is suitable for the fields of combustion research, chemical process, multi-component mixing, spray cooling and the like, and has a wide application prospect. Accurate control of action conditions, high-speed imaging in the atomization process and quantitative measurement of mixed components can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fluid atomization and measurement, and particularly relates to an experimental system and method for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of aerospace, automobile engine combustion systems, chemical process engineering, and spray cooling, liquid atomization and mixing technology has important application value. In particular, in the liquid rocket engine propulsion system, high-efficiency atomization can promote the full mixing and stable combustion of propellants, which is an important guarantee for achieving high specific impulse and sensitive response control.

[0003] Fluid jet interaction (such as double jet collision, droplet impact, etc.) has become a key research method in various atomization methods due to its relatively simple structure, fast response speed, and high atomization efficiency. By interacting different fluids at a certain angle or speed, a liquid film can be formed in the collision area and quickly broken into droplets, thereby significantly improving the spatial distribution uniformity and mixing efficiency of the fluid. However, current experimental research still faces the following challenges: (1) insufficient parameter control accuracy: key parameters such as jet speed, angle, and action position have a great impact on atomization results, and small deviations may cause experimental results to deviate significantly from expectations, affecting the stability and repeatability of the experiment; (2) difficulty in capturing dynamic processes: the liquid film rupture, droplet generation, and droplet evolution processes usually occur on a microsecond time scale, which puts high requirements on the time resolution and illumination conditions of the experimental system; (3) difficulty in component measurement: the mixed liquid after interaction often presents a non-uniform and complex component distribution, and how to achieve fast and accurate quantitative measurement is still a bottleneck problem in research.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental platform that integrates precise control, high-speed imaging, and component measurement, which can ensure high consistency of experimental conditions, record the atomization process completely, and effectively obtain the component information of the mixed liquid. With the development of optical measurement and sensing technology, especially the application of high-precision detection equipment such as refractometers, reliable support is provided for the rapid determination of the refractive index of the mixed liquid and the inversion of the component concentration.

[0005] Based on the above background, the present application proposes a new experimental system that integrates fluid interaction adjustment, atomization process imaging, and mixed component measurement, etc. multiple functional modules, which can realize high-precision control of flow and action parameters, high-speed visualization of the atomization process, and accurate measurement of mixed components, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies in controllability, visualization, and component analysis. SUMMARY

[0006] To overcome the problems in the related art, the embodiment of the present application provides an experimental system and method for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement, in particular to an experimental device for multi-fluid interaction atomization and a measurement method for mixed fluid components. The present application proposes a new experimental system, which integrates multiple functional modules such as fluid interaction adjustment, atomization process imaging and mixed component measurement, can realize high-precision control of flow and interaction parameters, high-speed visualization of the atomization process, and accurate measurement of mixed components, and effectively overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art in controllability, visualization and component analysis.

[0007] The technical solution is as follows: an experimental system for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement, comprising: a jet collision adjustment module for providing fluid injection and adjusting injection parameters; the jet collision adjustment module comprises: a first fluid jet adjustment device, the first fluid jet adjustment device comprises a first high-pressure gas source, a first pressure reducing valve is installed on the first high-pressure gas source, and the first high-pressure gas source provides a high-pressure gas source to the outside; the high-pressure gas source is delivered to a first fluid container through a first pressure-resistant pipeline; the first fluid in the first fluid container is pressurized to a first electromagnetic valve through the high-pressure gas source; the first fluid with pressure is delivered to a first needle through the first electromagnetic valve, and a first fluid jet is formed;

[0008] A dynamic image recording module is arranged for recording dynamic images of fluid atomization and mixing; the dynamic image recording module comprises a high-speed camera cooperating with an LED lamp, which captures the atomization and mixing process within a microsecond time scale during the mutual collision of the first fluid and the second fluid and the atomization process of the first fluid and the second fluid in the collision, and records the process;

[0009] A mixed component measurement module is arranged for collecting and measuring the mixed fluid components deposited after atomization; the mixed component measurement module is provided with a plurality of liquid collecting pipes, which are arranged at intervals at an interval distance; the mixed liquid deposited after atomization at different positions of the atomization process of the first fluid and the second fluid in the collision is collected through the plurality of liquid collecting pipes, the refractive index is measured by using an Abbe refractometer, and the component ratio of the mixed fluid is inversely deduced by combining a pre-established refractive index-concentration calibration curve.

[0010] Further, the first needle is mounted on the first adjustment sliding table, and the injection angle of the first needle is adjusted through the first adjustment sliding table; the speed of the first fluid jet at the first needle is realized by adjusting the outlet pressure of the first pressure reducing valve, and the injection timing of the first fluid is controlled by using the first electromagnetic valve.

[0011] Further, the first needle comprises a first nozzle; the first nozzle adopts a first fluid free jet pipe with a certain length, which is used to satisfy the free range of the first fluid in the first fluid free jet pipe; the first electromagnetic valve delivers the first fluid with pressure to the first nozzle.

[0012] Further, the first adjusting slide table comprises a first high-resolution translational slide table and a first rotational slide table arranged orthogonally, and the first needle is mounted on the first rotational slide table to realize accurate adjustment of the first fluid jet angle, the first nozzle spacing and the free jet length.

[0013] Further, the jet collision adjusting module further comprises a second fluid jet adjusting device; the second high-pressure gas source is provided with a second pressure reducing valve, the high-pressure gas source is delivered to the second fluid container through a second pressure-resistant pipeline, the second fluid in the second fluid container is pressurized and delivered to a second electromagnetic valve through the high-pressure gas source, the second fluid with pressure is delivered to a second needle through the second electromagnetic valve to form a second fluid jet, the second needle is mounted on a second adjusting slide table to adjust the jet angle of the second needle; the speed of the second fluid jet at the second needle is realized by adjusting the outlet pressure of the second pressure reducing valve, and the jet timing of the second fluid is controlled by using the second electromagnetic valve.

[0014] Further, the second needle comprises a second nozzle; the second nozzle adopts a second fluid free jet pipe with a certain length to satisfy the free jet range of the second fluid in the second fluid free jet pipe; the second electromagnetic valve delivers the second fluid with pressure to the second nozzle.

[0015] Further, the second adjusting slide table comprises a second high-resolution translational slide table and a second rotational slide table arranged orthogally, and the second needle is mounted on the second rotational slide table to realize adjustment of the second fluid jet angle, the second nozzle spacing and the free jet length.

[0016] Further, the Abbe refractometer comprises a prism; the different refractive indexes of the first fluid and the second fluid in the mixed fluid are refracted through the prism.

[0017] Another object of the present application is to provide a fluid atomization and mixed component measurement method, which is applied to the experimental system for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, gas source and pressure control, a group or multiple groups of high-pressure gas sources are configured to provide driving force for different fluids; after being adjusted by different pressure reducing valves, the gas sources are delivered to different fluid containers through different pressure-resistant pipelines to drive different fluids therein to form jets;

[0019] S2, fluid preparation, different kinds or different concentrations of fluids are respectively stored in different fluid containers; one end of the different fluid containers is connected with the high-pressure gas source for pressurization and driving, and the other end is connected with different needles to form free liquid jets;

[0020] S3, nozzle installation and position adjustment of different fluids, the needle of the nozzle of different fluids is fixed on different adjustment slides, and the injection angle, nozzle spacing and free jet length of different fluids are adjusted through different adjustment slides;

[0021] S4, jet velocity control and flow calibration, the jet velocity is controlled by adjusting the outlet pressure of different pressure reducing valves;

[0022] S5, timing management of the injection process, the injection time of different fluids is controlled by using different electromagnetic valves, and the timing control of the collision or interaction process of different fluids is completed;

[0023] S6, atomization imaging and optical diagnosis, after the collision or impact of different fluids, a liquid film, a mist or a liquid-liquid pool interaction area is formed, a high-speed camera is used to record the dynamic image of the process, and an LED lamp is used as backlight illumination to enhance the imaging clarity of the atomization boundary and the droplet distribution;

[0024] S7, mixed liquid collection, one or more liquid collecting pipes are arranged below the injection interaction area for collecting the mixed fluid which is settled or splashed;

[0025] S8, refractive index measurement and component backstepping, an Abbe refractometer is used to measure the refractive index of the mixed fluid in each liquid collecting pipe, and the proportion of different fluid components of the mixed fluid is backstepped according to the measured refractive index.

[0026] In step S4, according to the incompressible fluid flow equation and Bernoulli equation, the mass flow rate and the outlet pressure satisfy: wherein, is the flow coefficient obtained by experiment fitting, is the outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve, is the needle outlet area, is the fluid density, and the flow-pressure relationship curve of different fluid systems is established by experiment calibration respectively;

[0027] In step S8, the refractive index of the mixed fluid in each liquid collecting pipe is measured by using an Abbe refractometer, including: the mixed fluid is placed on the surface of a prism with a refractive index of , the maximum refraction angle is read, the refractive index of the mixed liquid is calculated according to the refraction law, and the expression is: .

[0028] In combination with all the technical solutions described above, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0029] First, this invention aims to achieve precise control of fluid jet parameters, high-resolution imaging of the atomization process, and accurate measurement of mixed liquid components. The system includes a jet collision adjustment module, a dynamic image recording module, and a mixed component measurement module. The system utilizes a gas source to drive the fluid to form a jet, adjusting the jet angle and range using a three-dimensional sliding stage and other devices. The atomization process is captured by a high-speed camera and a high-brightness light source. The mixed liquid is collected by a collection device, and physical characteristic parameters are acquired using optical measurement equipment (refractometer). Combined with pre-established calibration relationships, quantitative inversion of the mixed liquid components is achieved. This invention improves the controllability and measurement accuracy of fluid atomization experiments, and is applicable to combustion research, chemical processes, multi-component mixing, and spray cooling, with broad application prospects. This invention enables precise control of operating conditions, high-speed imaging of the atomization process, and quantitative measurement of mixed components.

[0030] Secondly, the spray visualization and component measurement experimental system of this invention can achieve high-speed imaging of the atomization process and simultaneous quantitative acquisition of components. Compared with traditional methods that can only acquire macroscopic atomization images or single-point components, it significantly improves experimental efficiency and data integrity. This technology provides a reliable experimental platform for aerospace engine and internal combustion engine atomization research, and is expected to shorten the research and development cycle and save experimental costs.

[0031] Third, for a long time, the "microscale liquid film breakup law" and "droplet component distribution characteristics" during spraying have not been able to be obtained simultaneously under the same experimental conditions, which has become a major challenge in studying the propellant ignition and combustion mechanism. This invention innovatively couples high-speed imaging with a component measurement module, and through optical synchronization and data fusion technology, achieves joint characterization of liquid film evolution and component changes, thus solving a long-standing technical bottleneck in this field. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flow rate calibration diagram of jet fluid under different pressures provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a refractive index calibration diagram of ethanol aqueous solutions with different mass fractions in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the jet impact atomization phenomenon in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 The figure shows the percentage (r%) of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after the impact of the two jets at Weber numbers of 60.0 and 104.6.

[0038] Figure 6 The figure shows the percentage (r%) of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after the impact of two jets at Weber numbers ranging from 163.7 to 1401.9.

[0039] Figure 7 The figure shows the percentage (r%) of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after the impact of the two jets at Weber numbers of 1588.4 and 1729.3.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Jet collision adjustment module; 2. Dynamic image recording module; 3. Mixed component measurement module; 4. First high-pressure gas source; 5. First pressure reducing valve; 6. First pressure-resistant pipeline; 7. First fluid container; 8. First solenoid valve; 9. First needle; 10. First adjustment slide; 11. First translation slide; 12. First rotary slide; 13. Second high-pressure gas source; 14. Second pressure reducing valve; 15. Second pressure-resistant pipeline; 16. Second fluid container; 17. Second solenoid valve; 18. Second needle; 19. Second adjustment slide; 20. Second nozzle; 21. Second translation slide; 22. Second rotary slide; 23. High-speed camera; 24. LED light; 25. Liquid collection tube; 26. Abbe refractometer; 27. Prism; 28. First nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] The innovation of this invention lies in the fact that by constructing an integrated experimental platform, this invention achieves the synergy of visual monitoring of the atomization process and quantitative analysis of components, breaking through the limitations of traditional experimental methods that are difficult to balance accuracy and real-time performance.

[0043] Example 1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a jet collision adjustment module 1, used to provide fluid injection and adjust injection parameters;

[0044] Dynamic image recording module 2 is used to record dynamic images of fluid atomization and mixing;

[0045] A mixed component measurement module 3 is used to collect and measure the mixed fluid components after atomization and sedimentation.

[0046] Exemplarily, the jet collision adjustment module 1 comprises: a first fluid jet adjustment device and a second fluid jet adjustment device; the first fluid can be water, and the second fluid can be an ethanol solution with different concentrations as a heterogenate.

[0047] The first fluid jet adjustment device comprises a first high-pressure gas source 4, a first pressure-reducing valve 5 installed on the first high-pressure gas source 4, a high-pressure gas source for providing an external high-pressure gas source, a high-pressure gas source delivered to a first fluid container 7 through a first pressure-resistant pipeline 6 (a pressure-resistant polyurethane pipe), a first fluid in the first fluid container 7 pressurized by the high-pressure gas source to a first electromagnetic valve 8, the first fluid with pressure delivered to a first needle 9 through the first electromagnetic valve 8 to form a first fluid jet, the first needle 9 installed on a first adjustment sliding platform 10 to adjust the jet angle of the first needle 9 through the first adjustment sliding platform 10; the speed of the first fluid jet at the first needle 9 can be achieved by adjusting the outlet pressure of the first pressure-reducing valve 5, and the jet timing of the first fluid can be controlled by using the first electromagnetic valve 8. Wherein, a fitting relationship between the first fluid mass flow and the outlet pressure of the first pressure-reducing valve 5 can be established through experiments to achieve controllable liquid supply.

[0048] Exemplarily, the first needle 9 comprises a first nozzle 28; the first nozzle 28 adopts a first fluid free jet pipe with a certain length to satisfy the free range of the first fluid in the first fluid free jet pipe; the first electromagnetic valve 8 delivers the first fluid with pressure to the first nozzle 28.

[0049] Exemplarily, the first adjustment sliding platform 10 comprises a first translation sliding platform 11 and a first rotation sliding platform 12 arranged orthogonally with high resolution, and the first needle 9 is installed on the first rotation sliding platform 12 to realize accurate adjustment of the first fluid jet angle, the first nozzle 28 spacing, and the free jet length. The translation resolution can reach 0.1 mm, and the rotation resolution can reach 0.1°. Through adjustment, controllable arrangement of single jet, multiple jets, or collision jets can be realized.

[0050] Exemplarily, the second fluid jet adjusting device comprises a second high-pressure gas source 13, a second pressure-reducing valve 14 installed on the second high-pressure gas source 13, a high-pressure gas source for providing a high-pressure gas source to the outside, a high-pressure gas source delivered to a second fluid container 16 through a second pressure-resistant pipeline 15 (a pressure-resistant polyurethane pipe), a second fluid in the second fluid container 16 pressurized by the high-pressure gas source to a second electromagnetic valve 17, a second fluid with pressure delivered to a second needle head 18 through the second electromagnetic valve 17 to form a second fluid jet, the second needle head 18 installed on a second adjusting sliding platform 19 to adjust the jet angle of the second needle head 18 through the second adjusting sliding platform 19; the speed of the second fluid jet at the second needle head 18 can be realized by adjusting the outlet pressure of the second pressure-reducing valve 14, and the jet timing of the second fluid can be controlled by using the second electromagnetic valve 17. Wherein, the fitting relationship between the second fluid mass flow and the outlet pressure of the second pressure-reducing valve 14 can be established through experiments to realize controllable liquid supply.

[0051] Exemplarily, the second needle head 18 comprises a second nozzle 20; the second nozzle 20 adopts a second fluid free jet pipe with a certain length for satisfying the free jet range of the second fluid in the second fluid free jet pipe; the second electromagnetic valve 17 delivers the second fluid with pressure to the second nozzle 20.

[0052] Exemplarily, the second adjusting sliding platform 19 comprises a high-resolution second translation sliding platform 21 and a second rotation sliding platform 22 arranged orthogonally, and the second needle head 18 is installed on the second rotation sliding platform 22 to realize the accurate adjustment of the second fluid jet angle, the second nozzle 20 spacing and the free jet length. The translation resolution can reach 0.1 mm, and the rotation resolution can reach 0.1°. The controllable arrangement of single jet, multiple jets or counter jet can be realized by adjusting.

[0053] Exemplarily, the angle formed by the first nozzle 28 and the second nozzle 20 can be adjusted by the first rotation sliding platform 12 and the second rotation sliding platform 22.

[0054] Exemplarily, the dynamic image recording module 2 comprises a high-speed camera 23 cooperating with an LED lamp 24 to capture and record the atomization and mixing process of the first fluid and the second fluid in the microsecond time scale within the mutual collision and atomization process of the first fluid and the second fluid in the collision, realizing the clear capture of the atomization details.

[0055] Exemplarily, the mixed component measuring module 3 is provided with a plurality of collecting pipes 25 arranged at interval distances; the mixed liquid after being atomized at different positions in the atomization process of the first fluid and the second fluid in the collision is collected by the plurality of collecting pipes 25, the refractive index is measured by using an Abbe refractometer 26, and the component proportion of the mixed fluid is inversely deduced by combining the pre-established refractive index-concentration calibration curve.

[0056] The Abbe refractometer 26 includes a prism 27; the prism 27 refracts the different refractive indexes of the first fluid and the second fluid in the mixed fluid.

[0057] In an application example, the present application can be applied to various fluids, including water, alcohol solution, organic solvent or other miscible liquid.

[0058] The calibration relationship between the liquid concentration and the optical characteristic parameter is established in advance through experiments, and the quantitative inversion of different component proportions is realized. Under experimental conditions, a plurality of liquid samples with known concentrations are selected, the refractive index parameters thereof are measured, and a calibration curve between the concentration and the refractive index is established. The calibration relationship serves as a basis for subsequent quantitative inversion of unknown component proportions. In actual measurement, only the optical characteristic parameter needs to be collected, and the actual concentration of the liquid mixture can be quickly and accurately calculated.

[0059] As known from the above embodiments, the present application constructs a comprehensive experimental platform integrating jet flow regulation, atomization imaging and component measurement; can realize high-precision regulation of jet flow velocity, angle and action distance, and ensure experimental repeatability; has microsecond-level high-speed imaging capability, and can record atomization and mixing details completely; uses refractive index measurement combined with a calibration curve to realize quantitative inversion of components, and significantly improves the precision and efficiency of mixed liquid component measurement; is suitable for studying the mixing behavior of various binary or multi-component fluid systems in the interaction and atomization process, and has wide popularization and application prospects.

[0060] In embodiment 2, the method for fluid atomization and mixed component measurement provided by the present application includes the following steps:

[0061] S1, gas source and pressure control, a group or a plurality of groups of high-pressure gas sources are configured to provide driving force for different fluids; the gas sources are adjusted through different pressure reducing valves, and then are delivered to different fluid containers through different pressure-resistant pipelines to drive different fluids in the containers to form jet flow;

[0062] S2, fluid preparation, different kinds or different concentrations of fluids can be respectively stored in different fluid containers; one end of each fluid container is connected with a high-pressure gas source for pressurization and driving, and the other end is connected with a different needle to form a free liquid jet flow. For example, the different fluids can be water-alcohol solution, fuel-oxidizer or other binary / multi-component mixed liquid systems.

[0063] S3, Nozzle installation and position adjustment for different fluids: Different fluid nozzles are fixed to different adjusting slides. The injection angle, nozzle spacing, and free jet length of different fluids are adjusted by adjusting the different adjusting slides. In the experimental system, a hierarchical control system based on geometric inverse mapping and online visual feedback is set up. The translation and rotation positions of the adjusting slides are controlled collaboratively by a low-level PID actuator, a mid-level model predictive controller, and a high-level optimization algorithm based on the experimental objectives. The vision module acquires the jet centerline, collision point, and liquid film position information in real time. The high-level algorithm performs parameter identification and optimization iteration based on the visual information, thereby achieving precise control and online adaptive correction of the injection angle, nozzle spacing, and free jet length.

[0064] For example, the adjusting slide includes two orthogonally arranged high-resolution translational slides and one rotary slide, enabling precise adjustment of the injection angle, nozzle spacing, and free jet length. Translational resolution can reach 0.1 mm, and rotary resolution can reach 0.1°. Controllable arrangement of single, multiple, or colliding jets can be achieved through adjustment.

[0065] S4, jet velocity control and flow calibration. The jet velocity is controlled by adjusting the outlet pressure of different pressure reducing valves. Based on the incompressible fluid flow equation and Bernoulli's equation, the mass flow rate... Export pressure satisfy: ,in, The flow coefficient is obtained through experimental fitting. The outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve. The area of ​​the needle exit point. The fluid density. Flow-pressure relationship curves can be established for different fluid systems through experimental calibration.

[0066] S5, the timing management of the injection process, utilizes different solenoid valves to control the injection time of different fluids, thus achieving timing control of the collision or interaction process of different fluids. Multiple independently controlled solenoid valves are configured in the experimental system, each connected to the supply lines of different fluids. Using a programmable logic controller (such as FPGA, PLC, or host computer software) combined with an improved timing control algorithm, the opening sequence, duration, and delay parameters of the solenoid valves are set to achieve precise timing scheduling of different fluid injections. This algorithm not only enables collisions and interactions between two or more fluids within a specific time window but also dynamically corrects injection parameters based on real-time sensor feedback (such as pressure, flow rate, or optical signals), thereby ensuring the repeatability and controllability of the fluid interaction process. This system supports injection switching with millisecond-level accuracy.

[0067] S6, Atomization Imaging and Optical Diagnosis: Different fluids can form liquid films, droplets, or droplet-liquid pool interaction zones after collision or impact. A high-speed camera 23 records dynamic images of this process. Combined with an improved adaptive frame rate and exposure control algorithm, the acquisition parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the jet speed and optical intensity to achieve high-resolution image recording of key moments. Simultaneously, with real-time image processing algorithms, information such as the impact liquid film contour, the size of the atomized droplets, and the velocity distribution of the flow field are automatically extracted. LED lights 24 are used as backlight illumination to enhance the imaging clarity of the atomization boundary and droplet distribution.

[0068] For example, high-speed cameras can achieve frame rates of thousands to tens of thousands of frames per second.

[0069] S7, Mixed Liquid Collection: One or more rows of collection pipes 25 are arranged below the spray zone to collect the mixed fluid that settles or splashes down. The spacing and number of collection pipes 25 can be flexibly adjusted according to the spray angle and atomization coverage.

[0070] S8, Refractive index measurement and component inference: The refractive index of the mixed fluid in each collection tube 25 is measured using an Abbe refractometer 26, and the proportion of different fluid components in the mixed fluid is inferred from the measured refractive index.

[0071] For example, measuring the refractive index of the mixed fluid in each collecting tube 25 using an Abbe refractometer 26 includes: placing the mixed fluid in a container with a refractive index of [missing information]. The surface of prism 27 is used to read the maximum refraction angle. Calculate the refractive index of the mixed liquid based on the law of refraction. The expression is: Before the experiment, a calibration curve of refractive index versus concentration is established for the target fluid system (e.g., the concentration versus refractive index curve of the second fluid in the mixed fluid). After the experiment, the measured refractive index n2 can be mapped to the calibration curve, thereby deducing the component ratio of the first fluid and the second fluid, and realizing quantitative analysis of the composition of the mixed fluid.

[0072] To verify the effectiveness of the system of the present invention, experiments were conducted using water and ethanol solutions of different concentrations as heterogeneous dual jets, such as... Figure 1 As shown. Specific conditions are as follows:

[0073] Nozzle inner diameter: ;

[0074] The collision angle is set at 60°, and the free jet length is 6mm.

[0075] Flow-pressure curves for solutions with different ethanol concentrations were obtained through experimental calibration, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the flow coefficient C obtained from the fitting is listed in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1. Flow coefficients in the fitting functions for different jet fluid flow rates

[0077] The jetting time was set to 1 second; the high-speed camera was set to 6000 fps, the exposure time to 5 μs, and the backlight power to 250W. The jet impact atomization images under different Weber impact numbers are as follows: Figure 3 As shown;

[0078] A collection tube 25 was arranged along the axis of symmetry 20 cm below the impact point to collect the mixed liquid and measure the refractive index. Before the experiment, the refractive index-concentration relationship curves of ethanol-water solutions with different ethanol mass fractions were calibrated as follows: Figure 4 As shown, after the experiment, the ethanol mass fraction of the mixture in each collecting tube 25 can be deduced from the measured refractive index (applicable concentration range: 0%~80%). Dual-jet (in...) Figure 1 In the diagram, u1 represents jet 1, u2 represents jet 2 (jet 1 is water, jet 2 is a 50 wt.% ethanol solution), and the percentage (r%) of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after impact at different Weber numbers is shown below. Figures 5-7 As shown.

[0079] Figure 5 The percentage (r%) of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after impaction by two jets at Weber numbers of 60.0 and 104.6. Figure 6 The percentage (r%) of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after impaction of two jets at Weber numbers ranging from 163.7 to 1401.9. Figure 7 The percentage r of jet 2 in the mixed fluid at different measurement points after the two jets collide with each other at Weber numbers of 1588.4 and 1729.3.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components, characterized in that, The system includes: a jet collision adjustment module (1) for providing fluid jet and adjusting jet parameters; the jet collision adjustment module (1) includes: a first fluid jet adjustment device. The first fluid jet adjustment device includes a first high-pressure gas source (4), a first pressure reducing valve (5) installed on the first high-pressure gas source (4) to provide high-pressure gas to the outside. The high-pressure gas source is transported to the first fluid container (7) through the first pressure-resistant pipeline (6). The first fluid in the first fluid container (7) is pressurized to the first solenoid valve (8) through the high-pressure gas source. The first fluid with pressure is transported to the first needle (9) through the first solenoid valve (8) to form a first fluid jet; The dynamic image recording module (2) is used to record dynamic images of fluid atomization and mixing. The dynamic image recording module (2) includes a high-speed camera (23) and an LED light (24) to capture and record the atomization and mixing process of the first fluid and the second fluid colliding with each other and the atomization process of the first fluid and the second fluid in the collision within a microsecond time scale. The mixed component measurement module (3) is used to collect and measure the mixed fluid components that settle after atomization. The mixed component measurement module (3) is equipped with multiple collection tubes (25), which are arranged at intervals. The mixed liquid that settles after atomization at different positions during the collision atomization process of the first fluid and the second fluid is collected through the multiple collection tubes (25). The refractive index is measured using an Abbe refractometer (26), and the component ratio of the mixed fluid is deduced by combining the pre-established refractive index-concentration calibration curve.

2. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first needle (9) is installed on the first adjusting slide (10). The injection angle of the first needle (9) is adjusted by the first adjusting slide (10). The speed of the first fluid jet at the first needle (9) is achieved by adjusting the outlet pressure of the first pressure reducing valve (5). The injection timing of the first fluid is controlled by the first solenoid valve (8).

3. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first needle (9) includes a first nozzle (28); the first nozzle (28) adopts a first fluid free jet tube of a certain length to satisfy the free range of the first fluid in the first fluid free jet tube; the first solenoid valve (8) delivers the first fluid with pressure to the first nozzle (28).

4. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first adjustment slide (10) includes a high-resolution first translation slide (11) and a first rotation slide (12) arranged orthogonally. The first needle (9) is mounted on the first rotation slide (12) to achieve precise adjustment of the first fluid injection angle, the first nozzle (28) spacing and the free jet length.

5. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet collision adjustment module (1) also includes a second fluid jet adjustment device; including a second high-pressure gas source (13), a second pressure reducing valve (14) installed on the second high-pressure gas source (13), the high-pressure gas source is delivered to the second fluid container (16) through the second pressure-resistant pipeline (15), the second fluid in the second fluid container (16) is pressurized to the second solenoid valve (17) through the high-pressure gas source, the second fluid with pressure is delivered to the second needle (18) through the second solenoid valve (17) to form a second fluid jet, the second needle (18) is installed on the second adjustment slide (19), the injection angle of the second needle (18) is adjusted through the second adjustment slide (19); by adjusting the outlet pressure of the second pressure reducing valve (14), the speed of the second fluid jet at the second needle (18) is realized, and the injection timing of the second fluid is controlled by the second solenoid valve (17).

6. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second needle (18) includes a second nozzle (20); the second nozzle (20) adopts a second fluid free jet tube of a certain length to satisfy the free range of the second fluid in the second fluid free jet tube; the second solenoid valve (17) delivers the pressurized second fluid to the second nozzle (20).

7. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second adjustment slide (19) includes a high-resolution second translation slide (21) and a second rotation slide (22) arranged orthogonally. The second needle (18) is mounted on the second rotation slide (22) to realize the adjustment of the second fluid injection angle, the second nozzle (20) spacing and the free jet length.

8. The experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Abbe refractometer (26) includes a prism (27); the different refractive indices of the first and second fluids in the mixed fluid are refracted through the prism (27).

9. A method for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components, characterized in that, This method is applied to the experimental system for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the method includes: S1, air source and pressure control, by configuring one or more sets of high-pressure air sources to provide driving force for different fluids; after the air source is regulated by different pressure reducing valves, it is delivered to different fluid containers through different pressure-resistant pipelines to drive the different fluids in them to form a jet; S2, fluid preparation: different types or concentrations of fluids are stored in different fluid containers; one end of each fluid container is connected to a high-pressure gas source for pressurization, and the other end is connected to different needles to form a free liquid jet; S3, Nozzle installation and position adjustment for different fluids: The nozzles for different fluids are fixed on different adjustment slides. The spray angle, nozzle spacing and free jet length of different fluids are adjusted by adjusting the different adjustment slides. S4, jet velocity control and flow calibration, the jet velocity is controlled by adjusting the outlet pressure of different pressure reducing valves; S5, timing management of the injection process, uses different solenoid valves to control the injection time of different fluids, and completes the timing control of the collision or interaction process of different fluids. S6, Atomization Imaging and Optical Diagnosis: After different fluids collide or impact each other, they form liquid films, droplets or droplet-liquid pools that spray into each other. A high-speed camera (23) is used to record dynamic images of this process. LED lights (24) are used as backlight illumination to enhance the imaging clarity of the atomization boundary and droplet distribution. S7, Mixed liquid collection, one or more rows of collection pipes (25) are arranged below the spray action zone to collect the mixed fluid that settles or splashes down; S8, Refractive index measurement and component inference: The refractive index of the mixed fluid in each collection tube (25) is measured using an Abbe refractometer (26), and the proportion of different fluid components in the mixed fluid is inferred from the measured refractive index.

10. The method for measuring fluid atomization and mixed components according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S4, based on the incompressible fluid flow rate equation and Bernoulli's equation, the mass flow rate is... Export pressure satisfy: ,in, The flow coefficient is obtained through experimental fitting. The outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve. The area of ​​the needle exit point. For fluid density, flow rate-pressure relationship curves were established for different fluid systems through experimental calibration; In step S8, measuring the refractive index of the mixed fluid in each collecting tube (25) using an Abbe refractometer (26) includes: placing the mixed fluid in a container with a refractive index of [missing information]. The surface of the prism (27) is used to read the maximum refraction angle. Calculate the refractive index of the mixed liquid based on the law of refraction. The expression is: .

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