Temperature self-adjusting method and device for DFB laser with TEC

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a temperature self-adjusting method and device for a DFB laser with a TEC, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the temperature of the DFB laser at each moment, and the voltage and current of a TEC circuit at each moment; determining a proportional gain compensation item of the PID controller in each parameter adjustment period; analyzing the difference between the temperature change trend of the DFB laser in the local time period in each parameter adjustment period and the overall temperature change trend, and determining an integral gain compensation item of a PID controller in each parameter adjustment period; based on the fluctuation of the instantaneous frequency of the voltage and the current in the TEC circuit in each parameter adjustment period, obtaining a differential gain compensation item of a PID controller in each parameter adjustment period; and adjusting parameters of the PID controller are respectively corrected by using the proportional gain compensation item, the integral gain compensation item and the differential gain compensation item so as to adjust the temperature of the DFB laser. Therefore, the stability of temperature adjustment of the DFB laser is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC. Background Technology

[0002] In the optoelectronic device manufacturing industry, DFB lasers, as a type of semiconductor laser, are widely used in optical communication, gas detection, and other applications, and have a promising market prospect. However, during operation, semiconductor lasers experience energy losses due to non-radiative recombination and radiative reabsorption, resulting in the conversion of electrical energy into heat. This causes the laser and its chip temperature to rise, significantly affecting the laser wavelength. TEC (Thermal Design Technology) is a semiconductor element that utilizes the Peltier effect for heating and cooling. Combined with temperature control algorithms, it regulates the laser temperature to ensure a sufficiently stable output laser wavelength, guaranteeing the normal, high-precision operation of the DFB laser.

[0003] As one of the most widely used control algorithms in industrial applications, the PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controller faces challenges in temperature control of DFB lasers with TEC (Transmission Controlled Laser). The thermal inertia of the TEC itself can cause response lag or overshoot in the PID controller. Furthermore, the frequent switching between cooling and heating states of the electronic components in the TEC control circuit due to response lag and overshoot issues amplifies the interference to the signal by the adjustment parameters in the PID controller. This further exacerbates the instability of the PID controller's temperature control of the DFB laser, thus affecting the temperature regulation effect of the DFB laser. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and apparatus for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC (Temperature Adjustment Device). The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC, the method comprising the following steps: The temperature of the DFB laser at various times, as well as the voltage and current in its TEC circuit at various times, are collected. The proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle is determined by the deviation between the temperature of the DFB laser and the target temperature at each moment within each tuning cycle of the PID controller, and the deviation between the power and the rated power in the TEC circuit. The difference between the temperature change trend of the DFB laser in local time periods and the overall temperature change trend in each parameter tuning cycle was analyzed, and the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle was determined. Based on the fluctuation of the instantaneous frequency of voltage and current in the TEC circuit during each parameter tuning cycle, the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is obtained. The proportional gain compensation term, integral gain compensation term, and derivative gain compensation term are used to correct the adjustment parameters of the PID controller, which are then used to regulate the temperature of the DFB laser.

[0005] In one embodiment, determining the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle includes: The deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at each moment is recorded as the first deviation, and the deviation between the power in the TEC circuit and the rated power at each moment is recorded as the second deviation. The ratio of the normalized result of the first deviation to the second deviation is calculated, and the mean of the ratios at all moments within each parameter tuning cycle is used as the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the DFB laser and the target temperature at each time point.

[0007] In one embodiment, the second deviation is the ratio of power to rated power in the TEC circuit at each time point.

[0008] In one embodiment, determining the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle includes: Each parameter tuning cycle is divided into local time periods. The fitting slope of the DFB laser temperature in each local time period is determined and denoted as the first slope. The fitting slope of the DFB laser temperature at all times in each parameter tuning cycle is denoted as the second slope. Based on the difference between the first slope and the second slope, and in combination with the second slope, the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is calculated.

[0009] In one embodiment, the expression for calculating the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is: In the formula, Let be the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller in the nth parameter tuning cycle, and exp() be an exponential function with the natural constant as the base. The second slope is the slope during the nth parameter tuning cycle. The slope is the first slope of the m-th local time interval in the n-th parameter tuning cycle, and M is the number of local time intervals in the n-th parameter tuning cycle.

[0010] In one embodiment, obtaining the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle includes: Calculate the average of the dispersion of the instantaneous frequency of the voltage and the dispersion of the instantaneous frequency of the current in the TEC circuit at all times within each parameter tuning cycle. The differential gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle is negatively correlated with the average value.

[0011] In one embodiment, the negative of the average value is used as the exponent of an exponential function with the natural constant as the base, and the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle is the calculation result of the exponential function.

[0012] In one embodiment, the modification of the PID controller's adjustment parameters includes: The proportional gain compensation term, integral gain compensation term, and derivative gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle are multiplied by the corresponding initial values ​​of proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain, respectively, and these products are used as the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a temperature self-regulating device for a DFB laser with TEC, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0014] This application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application determines the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller based on the deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at various times, as well as the deviation between the TEC circuit power and the rated power. This significantly improves the PID controller's response speed to temperature errors. The dynamic adjustment of the proportional gain compensation term enhances the laser's ability to quickly correct for fluctuations in ambient temperature or changes in load, helping to avoid excessive temperature deviation from the target value. It also reduces hysteresis during temperature rise or fall, improving the real-time performance and accuracy of DFB laser temperature control, enabling the laser to reach steady-state temperature in a short time, and enhancing the precision and stability of temperature control. By analyzing the difference between the temperature change trend of the DFB laser in local time periods and the overall temperature change trend in each parameter adjustment cycle, the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller is determined. This helps to eliminate the steady-state error that occurs in the laser during long-term operation. The dynamic adjustment of the integral gain compensation term enhances the PID controller's ability to correct accumulated deviations, solves the problem of slow temperature drift or continuous oscillation in traditional PID controllers during long-term operation, avoids the phenomenon of continuous small deviations from the target in temperature control, and improves the temperature stability of the DFB laser. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the instantaneous frequency fluctuations of voltage and current in the TEC circuit, the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller was obtained, the noise interference level in the parameter tuning cycle was measured, the PID controller's ability to suppress sudden disturbances was enhanced, and the temperature reliability and consistency of the DFB laser in high-speed and high-precision applications were ensured. This application, by modifying the adjustment parameters of the PID controller, helps to suppress oscillations and overshoot during temperature changes, enhances the predictive ability for rapid temperature changes, and can anticipate the rising or falling trend of laser temperature, thereby avoiding temperature overshoot or oscillation. It improves the smoothness and response stability of laser temperature control, avoids laser output wavelength drift caused by temperature fluctuations, enhances the adaptability to environmental temperature disturbances, TEC load changes, and the laser's own thermal inertia, helps to reduce temperature deviation, improve steady-state temperature consistency, and significantly improves the long-term reliability and output performance stability of the laser. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a self-regulating temperature method for a DFB laser with TEC, as provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this application to achieve the intended inventive purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a temperature self-regulating method and apparatus for a DFB laser with TEC proposed in this application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the self-regulating temperature method and apparatus for a DFB laser with TEC provided in this application.

[0020] Please see Figure 1The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for self-temperature regulation of a DFB laser with TEC according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps: S1 collects the temperature of the DFB laser at various times, as well as the voltage and current in its TEC circuit at various times.

[0021] In this embodiment, the temperature of the DFB laser at various times is obtained by a resistance temperature detector inside the DFB laser. At the same time, the output voltage and current of the TEC driver chip of the DFB laser at various times are collected as the voltage and current of the TEC circuit at various times.

[0022] The temperature of the DFB laser at each moment, as well as the voltage and current in its TEC circuit at each moment, are collected synchronously. The collection frequency is set to 100Hz, but the implementer can set it according to the actual situation. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0023] S2, by taking into account the temperature deviation between the DFB laser and the target temperature at each moment within each parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller, and the power deviation between the TEC circuit and the rated power, the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is determined.

[0024] Considering the strong nonlinearity and time-varying instability in the temperature regulation control of DFB lasers with TEC (Thermal Inertia Control), the thermal inertia of the TEC operation itself introduces nonlinear effects into the temperature regulation of the DFB laser, leading to response lag or overshoot in the PID controller. Furthermore, TEC, based on the Peltier effect, controls the direction of current in the electronic components of its control circuit. Under the influence of overshoot, the electronic components in the circuit frequently switch between cooling and heating modes, and the interference caused to the signal is amplified by the adjustment parameters in the PID controller, further exacerbating the unstable oscillations in temperature control. This makes it difficult for traditional PID control algorithms to accurately control the laser temperature in DFB lasers with TEC.

[0025] In the temperature self-regulation of a DFB laser with TEC, this embodiment sets a control cycle and a parameter tuning cycle. Then, the voltage and current in the TEC circuit are controlled by a PID controller to adjust the temperature change of the DFB laser. The control cycle is the time period for the PID controller to control the voltage and current changes in the TEC, and the parameter tuning cycle is the time period for adjusting the three gain parameters of the PID controller: proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain. The duration of the control cycle and parameter tuning cycle can be set by the implementer according to the accuracy requirements of the DFB laser in the implementation scenario, without special restrictions. If higher accuracy is required, the control cycle and parameter tuning cycle can be reduced to achieve finer control. In this embodiment, the control cycle is set to 0.1s and the parameter tuning cycle is set to 3s.

[0026] The temperature regulation principle of TEC (Transient Current Control) is based on the Peltier effect, achieving cooling or heating by controlling changes in the current in a conductor. The temperature regulation is closely related to the current intensity and the thermal characteristics of the conductor. When TEC controls the temperature of a DFB laser, its thermal inertia manifests as a time delay in the laser's temperature response. When the current in the TEC changes, it takes a certain amount of time for the change to affect the DFB laser's temperature. This response lag is reflected in the proportional gain of the PID controller. When the value is large, it can easily cause overshoot during the temperature control process. The overshoot will be amplified when the temperature error just appears. Due to the effect of response lag, the actual controlled temperature will oscillate around the target temperature, resulting in inaccurate temperature control of the DFB laser.

[0027] Based on the above analysis, this embodiment constructs a proportional gain compensation term based on the error between the actual temperature of the DFB laser and the preset target temperature within each parameter tuning cycle, as well as the voltage and current magnitudes of the TEC control circuit. Specifically: First, the deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at each moment within each parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller is determined and denoted as the first deviation. The first deviation reflects the degree of deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at each moment. Specifically, it can be calculated using the absolute value of the difference, the square of the difference, the ratio, etc. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0028] In this embodiment, the deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at each moment during each parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller is calculated as follows: In the formula, The deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller is denoted as the first deviation. The target temperature of the DFB laser. The temperature of the DFB laser at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller. In this embodiment, the target temperature of the DFB laser is... Implementers can set it themselves according to the actual situation.

[0029] Furthermore, the deviation between the power and the rated power in the TEC circuit at each moment is determined and denoted as the second deviation, with the specific expression as follows: In the formula, The deviation between the power in the TEC circuit and the rated power at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller is denoted as the second deviation. The voltage in the TEC circuit at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller. The value represents the current in the TEC circuit at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller. This represents the power in the TEC circuit at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller. This indicates the rated power of the TEC.

[0030] The calculated second deviation represents the proportion of the cooling or heating performance of the TEC at the current moment relative to its rated operating state, reflecting the intensity of the TEC's work in regulating the DFB laser temperature. The closer the second deviation is to 1, the higher the TEC's operating power, and the greater its contribution to laser temperature regulation in the subsequent short period, i.e., the greater the regulation force. To avoid overshoot, the proportional gain of the PID controller needs to be reduced to prevent excessive regulation of the DFB laser temperature. Conversely, the closer the second deviation is to 0, the smaller the regulation force on the laser temperature in the subsequent short period.

[0031] The proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle is calculated by statistically analyzing the temperature error of the DFB laser and the operating power of the TEC during each tuning cycle. The specific calculation method is as follows: In the formula, This represents the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller in the nth parameter tuning cycle, where N is the number of data acquisition times in the nth parameter tuning cycle, and Sig() is the Sigmoid normalization function. This represents the deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller. This represents the deviation between the power in the TEC circuit and the rated power at time t during the nth parameter tuning cycle of the PID controller.

[0032] It should be understood that the proportional gain compensation term is directly proportional to the temperature deviation of the DFB laser during the tuning cycle and inversely proportional to the TEC operating power deviation. When the temperature deviation is larger, the proportional gain of the PID controller needs to be increased to achieve rapid adjustment of the laser temperature towards the target temperature; conversely, the proportional gain of the PID controller needs to be decreased to avoid overshooting due to excessive laser temperature adjustment. When the TEC operating power deviation is large during the tuning cycle, it indicates that the laser temperature will be significantly adjusted after the thermal inertia buffering of the TEC in a short period. In this case, the proportional gain of the PID controller needs to be decreased to avoid overshooting of the laser temperature; conversely, the proportional gain of the PID controller needs to be increased.

[0033] S3. Analyze the difference between the temperature change trend of the DFB laser in a local time period and the overall temperature change trend in each parameter tuning cycle, and determine the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle.

[0034] Furthermore, an integral gain compensation term for the PID controller is constructed based on the laser temperature variation characteristics within each parameter tuning cycle. Specifically, each parameter tuning cycle is divided into M local time periods. For the laser temperature at all times within each local time period, this embodiment uses the least squares method to perform linear fitting on the laser temperature at all times within each local time period, obtaining the slope of the fitted line, which is denoted as the first slope. In addition, the least squares method is used to perform linear fitting on the laser temperature at all times within each parameter tuning cycle, obtaining the slope of the fitted line, which is denoted as the second slope. The least squares method is a known existing technique, and implementers can choose other feasible linear fitting algorithms; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this. In this embodiment, M=3, and implementers can set it according to their actual situation.

[0035] It should be understood that the first slope reflects the temperature change trend of the laser within each local time period, while the second slope reflects the overall temperature change trend of the laser within each parameter tuning cycle. Based on the difference between the first and second slopes, and in conjunction with the second slope, the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is calculated, with the specific expression as follows: In the formula, Let be the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller in the nth parameter tuning cycle, and exp() be an exponential function with the natural constant as the base. The second slope is the slope during the nth parameter tuning cycle. The slope is the first slope of the m-th local time interval in the n-th parameter tuning cycle, and M is the number of local time intervals in the n-th parameter tuning cycle.

[0036] In the calculation of the integral gain compensation term, the exponential function is used to scale the result of its exponent calculation to between 0 and 1, and is inversely proportional to the integral gain compensation term. This represents the absolute value of the second slope in the entire parameter tuning cycle. The larger the value, the faster the temperature changes within that tuning cycle. It is necessary to reduce the integral gain of the PID controller to avoid the integral term affecting the stability of temperature control. This indicates the first parameter in the parameter tuning cycle. The difference between the absolute value of the first slope in a local time period and the absolute value of the overall slope, after being accumulated and averaged, indicates that the larger the value, the more unstable the temperature change rate, and the poor stability of the PID controller in regulating the laser temperature. The temperature oscillates in a short period of time, so it is necessary to reduce the integral gain of the PID controller to avoid the continuous accumulation of errors in the integral term leading to overshoot.

[0037] S4. Based on the fluctuation of the instantaneous frequency of voltage and current in the TEC circuit during each parameter tuning cycle, obtain the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle.

[0038] Furthermore, since the TEC control circuit in the laser temperature regulation may frequently switch working states during heating and cooling, noise is inevitable. The derivative term in the PID controller is very sensitive to noise and can easily amplify the noise, interfering with the accuracy of laser temperature regulation.

[0039] Therefore, this embodiment analyzes the noise interference level within each tuning cycle based on the frequency domain characteristics of the voltage and current in the TEC, and constructs the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle, specifically as follows: Perform Fast Fourier Transform on the voltage and current at each moment in the TEC circuit during each parameter tuning cycle to obtain the instantaneous frequencies of the voltage and current at each moment. , ,in, Let t be the instantaneous frequency of the voltage during the nth parameter adjustment period. Let t be the instantaneous frequency of the current at time t during the nth parameter adjustment period.

[0040] The dispersion of the instantaneous frequency of the voltage and the dispersion of the instantaneous frequency of the current in the TEC circuit at all times within each parameter adjustment cycle are calculated respectively. The dispersion can be calculated by means of variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, etc. In this embodiment, variance is used as the method for calculating the dispersion, which reflects the fluctuation of the instantaneous frequency.

[0041] The expression for the derivative gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle is as follows: In the formula, Let be the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller in the nth parameter tuning cycle, and exp() be an exponential function with the natural constant as the base. Let be the instantaneous frequency of the voltage at all times during the nth parameter tuning cycle. Let be the instantaneous frequency of the current at all times during the nth parameter tuning cycle. This is the variance calculation function.

[0042] It should be understood that the differential gain compensation term can adjust the differential gain of the PID controller according to the noise level in each tuning cycle. The larger the instantaneous frequency variance of the voltage and current data in the entire tuning cycle, the greater the noise influence in that tuning cycle. In this case, the smaller the differential gain compensation term, the less noise is amplified by the differential term, and the more necessary it is to reduce the differential gain of the PID controller. Conversely, if the instantaneous frequency variance is small, the closer the differential gain compensation term is to 1, the smaller the noise influence in that tuning cycle, and the more normal the differential gain is to regulate the laser temperature.

[0043] S5 uses proportional gain compensation, integral gain compensation, and derivative gain compensation to correct the adjustment parameters of the PID controller, which is used to adjust the temperature of the DFB laser.

[0044] For each tuning cycle of the PID controller, the product of the proportional gain compensation term and the initial value of the PID controller's proportional gain is calculated as the final proportional gain of the PID controller. Similarly, the product of the integral gain compensation term and the initial value of the integral gain of the PID controller is calculated as the final integral gain of the PID controller. Finally, the product of the derivative gain compensation term and the initial value of the derivative gain of the PID controller is calculated as the final derivative gain of the PID controller. This completes the correction of the PID controller's proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain. In this embodiment, the PID controller's adjustment parameters are corrected once every tuning cycle. In this embodiment, the initial value of the PID controller's proportional gain is set to 2, the initial value of the integral gain is set to 0.08, and the initial value of the derivative gain is set to 0.5. Implementers can set these values ​​according to their actual needs; this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0045] The temperature of a DFB laser with TEC is regulated by a PID controller with modified adjustment parameters. The PID controller for temperature regulation is a well-known technology, and the specific process will not be described in detail.

[0046] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, this application embodiment also provides a temperature self-regulating device for a DFB laser with TEC, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the above-described methods for temperature self-regulating a DFB laser with TEC.

[0047] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, specific embodiments of this specification have been described above. Additionally, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired results. In some implementations, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The temperature of the DFB laser at various times, as well as the voltage and current in its TEC circuit at various times, are collected. The proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller for each tuning cycle is determined by the deviation between the temperature of the DFB laser and the target temperature at each time point within each tuning cycle of the PID controller, as well as the deviation between the power and the rated power in the TEC circuit. The difference between the temperature change trend of the DFB laser in local time periods and the overall temperature change trend in each parameter tuning cycle was analyzed, and the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle was determined. Based on the fluctuation of the instantaneous frequency of voltage and current in the TEC circuit during each parameter tuning cycle, the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is obtained. The proportional gain compensation term, integral gain compensation term, and derivative gain compensation term are used to correct the adjustment parameters of the PID controller, which are then used to regulate the temperature of the DFB laser.

2. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle includes: The deviation between the DFB laser temperature and the target temperature at each moment is recorded as the first deviation, and the deviation between the power in the TEC circuit and the rated power at each moment is recorded as the second deviation. The ratio of the normalized result of the first deviation to the second deviation is calculated, and the mean of the ratios at all moments within each parameter tuning cycle is used as the proportional gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle.

3. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the temperature of the DFB laser and the target temperature at each time point.

4. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The second deviation is the ratio of power to rated power in the TEC circuit at each time point.

5. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle includes: Each parameter tuning cycle is divided into local time periods. The fitting slope of the DFB laser temperature in each local time period is determined and denoted as the first slope. The fitting slope of the DFB laser temperature at all times in each parameter tuning cycle is denoted as the second slope. Based on the difference between the first slope and the second slope, and in combination with the second slope, the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is calculated.

6. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for calculating the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle is as follows: In the formula, Let be the integral gain compensation term of the PID controller in the nth parameter tuning cycle, and exp() be an exponential function with the natural constant as the base. The second slope is the slope during the nth parameter tuning cycle. The slope is the first slope of the m-th local time segment in the n-th parameter tuning cycle, and M is the number of local time segments in the n-th parameter tuning cycle.

7. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller for each parameter tuning cycle includes: Calculate the average of the dispersion of the instantaneous frequency of the voltage and the dispersion of the instantaneous frequency of the current in the TEC circuit at all times within each parameter tuning cycle. The differential gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle is negatively correlated with the average value.

8. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The negative of the average value is used as the exponent of an exponential function with the natural constant as the base, and the differential gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle is the calculation result of the exponential function.

9. The method for self-regulating the temperature of a DFB laser with TEC as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment parameters of the modified PID controller include: The proportional gain compensation term, integral gain compensation term, and derivative gain compensation term of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle are multiplied by the corresponding initial values ​​of proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain, respectively, and these products are used as the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain of the PID controller in each parameter tuning cycle.

10. A temperature self-regulating device for a DFB laser with TEC, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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