High and steep geological disaster slope anchor shot supporting device

Abstract

The application discloses a high and steep geological disaster slope anchor spraying supporting device and particularly relates to the technical field of slope construction. The device comprises a slope body, guide structures horizontally arranged on the upper and lower edges of the slope body, a travelling crane arranged in the path of the two guide structures, a spraying device fixedly connected to the end of the two travelling cranes and consistent with the slope gradient, a plurality of ingredient structures arranged on the inner surface of the spraying device, and an anchor spraying structure fixedly installed on the two adjacent ingredient structures and used for spraying mortar. The high-pressure gas auxiliary driving part is used for driving the operation of the device and ensuring the stable conveying of the mortar and gas. The driving part drives the mortar spraying assembly to swing, which can ensure the uniform coverage of the mortar on the slope. The swing adjustment is matched with different spraying speeds and moving speeds. The device can be adjusted according to the differences in the supporting thickness to meet different working conditions, thereby improving the slope supporting strength and stability and reducing the probability of geological disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope construction technology, and in particular to an anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes. Background Technology

[0002] The field of slope construction technology encompasses the research and application of technologies for excavation, reinforcement, protection, and monitoring of various slopes, covering engineering scenarios such as highways, railways, water conservancy, mining, and building foundation pits. Its core focuses on slope stability, using technical means to control deformation and prevent disasters such as collapses and landslides by analyzing the properties of soil and rock layers, geological structures, and hydrological conditions, combined with engineering requirements. The overall technical system covers surveying and design, obtaining parameters through geological drilling and geophysical exploration; excavation, employing layered or segmented excavation to reduce structural damage; reinforcement and protection, utilizing combinations of anchor bolts, anchor cables, shotcrete, and retaining walls; and monitoring, using displacement sensors and stress equipment to monitor dynamic changes in real time.

[0003] One type of anchor-sprayed concrete support device for steep geological hazard slopes refers to a specialized device for anchoring and shotcreting support of steep slopes at risk of geological hazards. The technical aspects addressed by this device include slope anchoring structure setup, uniform shotcrete coverage, reliable connection to the slope rock mass, and ease of construction. The anchoring structure includes an anchor rod, anchoring agent, and a fastening nut. The anchor rod is made of threaded steel; after drilling, the anchoring agent is filled and inserted into the anchor rod, which is then fixed with a nut after curing. For shotcreting, a spraying mechanism with a delivery pipe, nozzle, and compressed air interface is provided. The delivery pipe connects to a mixing device, and high-pressure air is connected to adjust the nozzle angle and pressure for uniform spraying. In addition to the anchor rod, an angle steel positioning bracket is used to connect to the rock mass, and the support device is fixed with expansion bolts. For ease of construction, the nozzle has a handheld operating lever with a control valve for easy direction adjustment and start / stop. A special wrench is provided for tightening the nuts on the anchor rod.

[0004] In existing technologies, anchor spraying operations rely on hand-held control levers to adjust the nozzles, lacking effective constraints on the movement trajectory of the equipment. This can easily lead to deviations in steep slope scenarios, resulting in low positioning accuracy and safety hazards. When spraying concrete, the coverage effect is controlled only by adjusting the nozzle angle and pressure, without enabling the spraying components to actively swing, making it difficult to ensure uniform mortar coverage. Furthermore, the operation method cannot be flexibly adjusted according to differences in spraying speed, movement speed, and support thickness, leading to unstable support quality. This fails to fully meet the support needs of steep slopes prone to geological disasters, increasing the risk of slope collapse, landslides, and other disasters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A high and steep geological disaster slope anchor spraying support device includes a slope body. The upper and lower edges of the slope body are provided with guide structures that are horizontal to the ground. A traveling vehicle is provided in the path of each of the two guide structures. The two traveling vehicles are fixedly connected to a spraying device with the same slope inclination at their close ends. Several material distribution structures are arranged in an array on the inner surface of the spraying device. An anchor spraying structure for spraying mortar is fixedly installed on two adjacent material distribution structures. The traveling vehicle located at the upper part is equipped with a connecting pipe connected to a mortar truck for supplying mortar to the spraying device. The inner surface of each guide structure is provided with a traction rope that is fixedly connected to the adjacent traveling vehicle and driven by an electric winch.

[0008] Preferably, the spraying equipment includes an air pump cabinet installed at the upper end of the spraying equipment. A relay cavity communicating with the connecting pipe is opened on the side of the inner cavity of the spraying equipment near the connecting pipe. Mortar pipes communicating with the relay cavity are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the spraying equipment. The ends of the two mortar pipes away from the relay cavity are respectively connected to each of the material preparation structures. The inner cavity of the spraying equipment is provided with air ducts communicating with each of the material preparation structures. The air inlet end of the air duct is connected to the air outlet of the air pump cabinet.

[0009] Preferably, the mixing structure includes a fixing plate installed on the inner surface of the spraying equipment. The upper end of the fixing plate has a vent that communicates with the air duct. The inner side of the vent has a through hole that communicates with the anchor spraying structure. The upper part of the inner surface of the vent is rotatably connected to a drive shaft that is connected to the spraying equipment. The outer surface of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to an impeller located in the air inlet path of the vent. The inner surface of the fixing plate is symmetrically fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe that communicates with an adjacent anchor spraying structure. The upper end of the second connecting pipe is connected to a mortar pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor spray structure includes an installation box installed in the inner cavity of the spraying equipment. The top of the inner cavity of the installation box is provided with a drive assembly that is connected to the drive shaft. Ventilation assemblies are symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner surface of the installation box. Several spraying assemblies driven by hoses are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the ventilation assemblies on both sides. Several spraying assemblies are fixedly connected to a hose that communicates with the connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the ventilation component includes rectangular blocks symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting box. The inner surfaces of the two rectangular blocks are rotatably connected to a limiting shaft. The outer surface of the limiting shaft is arrayed with several clamps that restrict the position of the shotcrete components. The inner cavity of the limiting shaft is connected to the ventilation port and evenly distributes the air supplied by the ventilation port to each shotcrete component.

[0012] Preferably, the spraying assembly includes a connecting block installed on the outer surface of the limiting shaft. The inner cavity of the connecting block is connected to the inner cavity of the limiting shaft, and a one-way valve is provided at the connection point. A nozzle for spraying mortar is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting block and is connected to its inner cavity. The hose is connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle to provide mortar inward. A spherical groove is provided at the upper end of the connecting block and is slidably connected to the driving assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the driving assembly includes mounting blocks symmetrically installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the mounting box and a swing transmission assembly located between the two mounting blocks for driving the shotcrete assembly to swing. The upper part of the two mounting blocks on the side close to each other is provided with a swing driving component for driving the swing transmission assembly to swing, and the lower part of the two mounting blocks on the side close to each other is provided with a swing amplitude adjustment component for changing the swing amplitude of the swing transmission assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the swing transmission assembly includes a U-shaped block and a limiting rod rotatably mounted on the inner surface of two mounting blocks. The U-shaped block is slidably connected to the outer surface of the limiting rod. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the U-shaped block. A guide block is slidably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the mounting box. The lower end of the telescopic rod is spherical and slidably connected to the inner surface of the guide block. Several crossbars are fixedly connected in an array at the lower end of the guide block. A second telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of each of the crossbars at the position corresponding to the spherical groove. The lower end of the second telescopic rod is spherical and slidably connected to the inner surface of the adjacent spherical groove.

[0015] Preferably, the swing amplitude adjustment component includes arc-shaped grooves formed on the end faces of the two mounting blocks, with sliders slidably connected to the inner surfaces of the two arc-shaped grooves, and a screw fixedly connected to the inner surfaces of the two sliders. The portion of the screw located inside the U-shaped block is threadedly connected to a threaded ring driven by a motor, and the U-shaped block slides on the surfaces of the screw and the limiting rod when the threaded ring rotates.

[0016] Preferably, the swing drive component includes a sliding block slidably connected to the inner surface of the U-shaped block, a central ball slidably connected to the inner surface of the sliding block, a round rod slidably connected to the inner surface of the central ball, a short rotating arm and a long rotating arm fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the round rod respectively, and the ends of the short rotating arm and the long rotating arm away from the round rod respectively rotatably connected to the mounting block on the same side, the round rod, the long rotating arm and the short rotating arm are all eccentrically connected, the arm length of the short rotating arm is half the arm length of the long rotating arm, when the U-shaped block moves closer to the short rotating arm, the swing amplitude of the U-shaped block decreases, and when the U-shaped block moves closer to the long rotating arm, the swing amplitude of the U-shaped block increases.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention uses a drive-guided structure to move the equipment along a fixed path, effectively constraining the movement trajectory to prevent deviation, improving operational safety and positioning accuracy. High-pressure gas assists the operation of the drive components and ensures stable mortar and gas delivery. A one-way valve prevents mortar backflow and ensures smooth spraying. The drive components cause the spraying assembly to swing, ensuring uniform mortar coverage of the slope. With adjustable swing amplitude, it can adapt to different spraying and movement speeds. It can also be adjusted according to the difference in support thickness to meet the needs of different working conditions, ultimately improving the strength and stability of slope support and reducing the probability of geological disasters.

[0019] This invention, through the coordination of a guiding structure and a traveling crane, enables the spraying equipment to be precisely adjusted to the optimal anchor spraying position, improving operational safety and positioning accuracy. By coordinating the air pump cabinet, air ducts, and ventilation openings of the material distribution structure, the impeller and drive shaft are driven to rotate, achieving secondary power utilization and reducing the need for additional power sources. The coordination of the relay chamber, mortar pipe, and connecting pipe avoids mortar delivery pressure fluctuations and blockages, ensuring stable transmission. The installation box protects the internal components of the anchor spraying structure, the drive assembly enables automated oscillation of the spraying components, the ventilation assembly ensures uniform air supply, and the hoses ensure uninterrupted mortar delivery during oscillation, ultimately improving anchor spraying efficiency and quality, and enhancing slope support stability.

[0020] This invention provides stable support for the limiting shaft through the cooperation of the rectangular block of the ventilation component and the limiting shaft, preventing it from shaking during operation; the cooperation between the limiting shaft and the ventilation port evenly distributes high-pressure gas to each shotcrete component, ensuring consistent spraying pressure and improving the uniformity of anchor spraying; the clamp of the limiting shaft fixes the shotcrete component to prevent displacement and ensure accurate anchor spraying position; the connecting block of the shotcrete component connects the limiting shaft hose and the nozzle to achieve air-slurry convergence; the one-way valve of the connecting block prevents mortar backflow and avoids component blockage; the nozzle expands the spraying range, the hose ensures mortar supply, and the spherical groove of the connecting block ensures smooth swinging, thus improving the overall quality and efficiency of anchor spraying.

[0021] This invention provides stable installation support and precise swing drive for the shotcrete assembly through the cooperation of the mounting block, swing drive component, swing amplitude adjustment component, and swing transmission component in the drive assembly. The U-shaped block, limit rod, telescopic rod one, guide block, crossbar, and telescopic rod two of the swing transmission component realize stable power transmission and smooth swing of the shotcrete assembly. The arc groove, slider, screw, and threaded ring of the swing amplitude adjustment component, combined with the sliding block, center ball, round rod, short rotating arm, and long rotating arm of the swing drive component, precisely adjust the swing amplitude of the shotcrete assembly to meet the needs of anchor spraying under different working conditions and ensure the uniformity and quality of anchor spraying. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the spraying device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the guide structure and the vehicle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the spraying device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the ingredient distribution structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the anchor spraying structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation assembly and spraying assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing transmission component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the swing drive component and swing amplitude adjustment assembly of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Slope; 2. Guiding structure; 21. Traction rope; 3. Crane; 31. Connecting pipe 1; 4. Sprinkler equipment; 41. Relay chamber; 42. Air duct; 43. Mortar pipe; 5. Anchor spray structure; 51. Mounting box; 52. Drive assembly; 521. Mounting block; 522. Swing drive component; 5221. Short rotating arm; 5222. Round rod; 5223. Center ball; 5224. Sliding block; 5225. Long rotating arm; 523. Swing amplitude adjustment assembly; 5231. Screw; 5232. Threaded ring; 5233. Arc groove; 5234. Slider. 524. Swing transmission assembly; 5241. U-shaped block; 5242. Guide block; 5243. Telescopic rod one; 5244. Crossbar; 5245. Telescopic rod two; 5246. Limiting rod; 53. Shotcrete assembly; 531. Connecting block; 532. Nozzle; 533. Spherical groove; 534. One-way valve; 54. Hose; 55. Ventilation assembly; 551. Rectangular block; 552. Limiting shaft; 553. Clamp; 6. Batching structure; 61. Fixing plate; 62. Connecting pipe two; 63. Ventilation opening; 64. Impeller; 65. Drive shaft; 7. Air pump cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1: An anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes (see reference). Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes a slope 1, with guide structures 2 at the top and bottom edges of the slope 1, which are horizontal to the ground. The guide structures 2 provide a precise guide path for the subsequent movement of the vehicle 3, effectively preventing the vehicle 3 from deviating during the displacement process. The vehicle 3 is installed in the paths of the two guide structures 2. The vehicle 3 serves as the moving carrier of the spraying equipment 4, which can drive the spraying equipment 4 to flexibly adjust the working position. The ends of the two vehicles 3 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the spraying equipment 4 with the slope gradient. The design with the slope gradient ensures that the spraying equipment 4 always maintains the matching angle with the slope surface, ensuring the effectiveness of the anchor spraying operation.

[0035] The inner surface of the spraying equipment 4 is arrayed with several material distribution structures 6. The material distribution structures 6 can realize the orderly distribution and transmission of mortar and high-pressure gas, ensuring the stable supply of material and gas to the subsequent anchor spraying structure 5. Two adjacent material distribution structures 6 are fixedly installed with the anchor spraying structure 5 for spraying mortar. The anchor spraying structure 5 is the core component that directly realizes mortar spraying and can evenly cover the slope surface with mortar. The overhead crane 3 located at the top is equipped with a connecting pipe 31 that is connected to the mortar truck to supply mortar to the spraying equipment 4.

[0036] During the anchor spraying process, the mortar truck moves synchronously with the traveling trolley 3, continuously supplying cement mortar to the spraying equipment 4 through the connecting pipe 31. During the maintenance phase, the connecting pipe 31 is connected to the water truck to supply water to the spraying equipment 4 for maintenance work. The connecting pipe 31 provides a continuous source of mortar for the spraying equipment 4, ensuring that the operation will not be interrupted due to lack of materials. The inner surface of the guide structure 2 is equipped with traction ropes 21 that are fixedly connected to the adjacent traveling trolley 3 and driven by an electric winch. The electric winch drives the traction ropes 21 to move the traveling trolley 3 along the path of the guide structure 2, thereby realizing the adjustment of the spraying equipment 4's position and significantly improving the operational flexibility and positioning accuracy of the device.

[0037] Example 2, based on Example 1, uses the guide structure 2 in conjunction with the trolley 3 to precisely adjust the spraying equipment 4 to the optimal anchor spraying position, improving operational safety and positioning accuracy; the air pump cabinet 7, air duct 42, and ventilation port 63 of the material distribution structure 6 work together to drive the impeller 64 and drive shaft 65 to rotate, achieving secondary power utilization and reducing the need for additional power sources; the relay chamber 41, mortar pipe 43, and connecting pipe 62 work together to avoid mortar delivery pressure fluctuations and blockages, ensuring stable transmission; the mounting box 51 protects the internal components of the anchor spraying structure 5, the drive component 52 enables the automatic swinging of the spraying component 53, the ventilation component 55 ensures uniform air supply, and the hose 54 ensures uninterrupted mortar delivery during swinging, ultimately improving anchor spraying efficiency and quality, and enhancing slope support stability.

[0038] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The spraying equipment 4 includes an air pump cabinet 7 installed at the top of the spraying equipment 4. The air pump cabinet 7 can generate high-pressure gas to provide the necessary power for mortar spraying. A relay chamber 41 is opened on the side of the inner cavity of the spraying equipment 4 near the connecting pipe 31 and communicates with the connecting pipe 31. The relay chamber 41 can temporarily store and initially buffer the mortar transported from the connecting pipe 31 to avoid pressure fluctuations when the mortar is directly transported. Mortar pipes 43 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the spraying equipment 4 and communicate with the relay chamber 41. The mortar pipes 43 serve as mortar transmission... The transmission channel can evenly deliver the mortar in the relay cavity to each batching structure 6. The ends of the two mortar pipes 43 away from the relay cavity 41 are respectively connected to each batching structure 6. The inner cavity of the spraying equipment 4 is equipped with air ducts 42 that are connected to each batching structure 6. The air ducts 42 are the transmission path of high-pressure gas, which can stably deliver the high-pressure gas generated by the air pump cabinet 7 to the batching structure 6. The air inlet end of the air duct 42 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump cabinet 7. This connection method can ensure the sealing of high-pressure gas transmission, reduce gas leakage, and ensure stable operating pressure.

[0039] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 The batching structure 6 includes a fixing plate 61 installed on the inner surface of the spraying equipment 4. The fixing plate 61 provides a stable installation base for each component of the batching structure 6, effectively improving the firmness of the component installation and preventing the components from loosening during operation and affecting the transmission stability. The upper end of the fixing plate 61 has a ventilation port 63 that communicates with the air duct 42. The ventilation port 63 can introduce the high-pressure gas transported by the air duct 42 into the interior of the batching structure 6. At the same time, when the high-pressure gas flows through the ventilation port 63, it can also drive the subsequent impeller 64 to rotate. The inner side of the ventilation port 63 has a through hole that communicates with the anchor spraying structure 5. The through hole provides a channel for the high-pressure gas to enter the anchor spraying structure 5. The upper part of the inner surface of the ventilation port 63 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 65 that is connected to the spraying equipment 4. The drive shaft 65 can transmit the power generated by the rotation of the impeller 64 to other linkage components of the spraying equipment 4, realizing the secondary utilization of power. The outer surface of the drive shaft 65 is fixedly connected to the impeller 64 located in the air inlet path of the vent 63. The impeller 64 rotates under the drive of high-pressure gas, thereby driving the drive shaft 65 to rotate, providing auxiliary power for the operation of subsequent components and reducing the use of additional power sources. The inner surface of the fixed plate 61 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 62, which is connected to the adjacent anchor spraying structure 5. The connecting pipe 62 can accurately deliver the mortar delivered by the mortar pipe 43 to the anchor spraying structure 5. The upper end of the connecting pipe 62 is connected to the mortar pipe 43. This connection design can ensure the continuity of mortar transmission and avoid mortar stagnation and blockage.

[0040] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6The anchor spray structure 5 includes a mounting box 51 installed inside the spraying equipment 4. The mounting box 51 provides a closed and stable installation space for each component of the anchor spray structure 5, effectively protecting the internal components from external impurities. A drive assembly 52, which is connected to the drive shaft 65, is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the mounting box 51. The drive assembly 52 can convert the power transmitted by the drive shaft 65 into the power to drive the spraying assembly 53 to swing, realizing the automated swinging of the spraying assembly 53. Ventilation assemblies 55 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner surface of the mounting box 51. The ventilation assemblies 55 can ventilate the high-pressure air. The air supply pressure of each shotcrete component 53 is uniformly distributed to each shotcrete component 53. Several shotcrete components 53 are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the ventilation components 55 on both sides. The shotcrete components 53 are the components that directly realize mortar spraying. The array distribution design can expand the anchor spraying coverage and improve the work efficiency. Several shotcrete components 53 are fixedly connected to a hose 54 that is connected to the connecting pipe 62. The hose 54 has good flexibility and can maintain the stable delivery of mortar during the swing of the shotcrete components 53, avoiding the interruption of mortar delivery due to swing.

[0041] In Example 3, based on Example 2, the rectangular block 551 of the ventilation component 55 and the limiting shaft 552 cooperate to provide stable support for the limiting shaft 552, preventing it from shaking during operation; the cooperation between the limiting shaft 552 and the ventilation port 63 distributes high-pressure gas evenly to each shotcrete component 53, ensuring consistent spraying pressure and improving the uniformity of anchor spraying; the clamp 553 of the limiting shaft 552 fixes the shotcrete component 53 to prevent displacement and ensure accurate anchor spraying position; the connecting block 531 of the shotcrete component 53 connects the hose 54 of the limiting shaft 552 and the nozzle 532 to achieve air-slurry convergence; the one-way valve 534 of the connecting block 531 prevents mortar backflow and avoids component blockage; the nozzle 532 expands the spraying range, the hose 54 ensures mortar supply, and the spherical groove 533 of the connecting block 531 ensures smooth swinging, thus improving the overall quality and efficiency of anchor spraying.

[0042] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7The ventilation component 55 includes rectangular blocks 551 symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting box 51. The rectangular blocks 551 provide stable support for the limiting shaft 552, ensuring that the limiting shaft 552 will not shake during operation. The inner surfaces of the two rectangular blocks 551 are rotatably connected to the limiting shaft 552. The inner cavity of the limiting shaft 552 is connected to the ventilation port 63, and a diversion structure is designed at the connection point to evenly distribute the air delivered by the ventilation port 63 to each shotcrete component 53, ensuring that the spraying pressure of each shotcrete component 53 is the same, thereby improving the uniformity of anchor spraying. Several clamps 553 are arrayed on the outer surface of the limiting shaft 552 to restrict the position of the shotcrete components 53. The clamps 553 can firmly fix the shotcrete components 53 on the limiting shaft 552, preventing the shotcrete components 53 from shifting due to vibration or pressure during operation, and ensuring accurate anchor spraying position.

[0043] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 The shotcrete assembly 53 includes a connecting block 531 mounted on the outer surface of the limiting shaft 552. The connecting block 531 connects the limiting shaft 552, the hose 54, and the nozzle 532, enabling the high-pressure gas and mortar to converge inside the shotcrete assembly 53. The inner cavity of the connecting block 531 communicates with the inner cavity of the limiting shaft 552, and a one-way valve 534 is provided at the connection point. The one-way valve 534 effectively prevents backflow of mortar during the spraying process, ensuring that the high-pressure gas can smoothly push the mortar towards the nozzle 532, avoiding blockage of components or interruption of operation due to backflow. The lower end of the connecting block 531 is fixedly connected to... The nozzle 532, which is connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle 532 for spraying mortar, has a fan-shaped outlet to expand the spray range of the mortar and increase the coverage area of ​​a single spray. The hose 54 is connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle 532 to supply mortar inward, which can continuously deliver mortar to the nozzle 532 and ensure the continuity of the spraying operation. The upper end of the connecting block 531 is provided with a spherical groove 533 that is slidably connected to the drive component 52. The spherical groove 533 adopts an arc design, which can provide flexible movement space when the drive component 52 drives the connecting block 531 to swing, ensuring smooth swinging action and reducing frictional wear between components.

[0044] Example 4: Based on Example 3, this example utilizes the cooperation of the mounting block 521, swing drive component 522, swing amplitude adjustment component 523, and swing transmission component 524 in the drive assembly 52 to provide stable installation support and precise swing drive for the shotcrete assembly 53. The U-shaped block 5241, limit rod 5246, telescopic rod one 5243, guide block 5242, crossbar 5244, and telescopic rod two 5245 of the swing transmission component 524 achieve stable power transmission and smooth swing of the shotcrete assembly 53. The arc groove 5233, slider 5234, screw 5231, and threaded ring 5232 of the swing amplitude adjustment component 523, combined with the sliding block 5224, center ball 5223, round rod 5222, short rotating arm 5221, and long rotating arm 5225 of the swing drive component 522, precisely adjust the swing amplitude of the shotcrete assembly 53 to meet the anchor spraying requirements under different working conditions and ensure the uniformity and quality of anchor spraying.

[0045] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 8 The drive assembly 52 includes mounting blocks 521 symmetrically mounted on the upper part of the inner cavity of the mounting box 51, and a swing transmission assembly 524 located between the two mounting blocks 521 for driving the shotcrete assembly 53 to swing. The mounting blocks 521 provide stable mounting support for the swing drive component 522 and the swing amplitude adjustment component 523, and at the same time provide a fulcrum for the swing of the swing transmission assembly 524, ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the drive assembly 52. ​​The swing transmission assembly 524 can transmit the swing power generated by the swing drive component 522 to the shotcrete assembly 53, realizing the swing action of the shotcrete assembly 53. The two mounting blocks 521 are mutually On the upper part of the two adjacent mounting blocks 521, a swing drive component 522 is provided to drive the swing transmission component 524 to swing. The swing drive component 522 serves as a power source and can generate the power to drive the swing transmission component 524 to swing, providing the basic driving force for the swing of the shotcrete component 53. On the lower part of the two adjacent mounting blocks 521, a swing amplitude adjustment component 523 is provided to change the swing amplitude of the swing transmission component 524. The swing amplitude adjustment component 523 can adjust the swing amplitude of the swing transmission component 524 according to the actual operation requirements, thereby changing the swing range of the shotcrete component 53 and meeting the anchor spraying requirements under different working conditions.

[0046] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9The swing transmission assembly 524 includes a U-shaped block 5241 and a limiting rod 5246 rotatably mounted on the inner surfaces of two mounting blocks 521. The limiting rod 5246 guides and limits the movement of the U-shaped block 5241, and also serves as the swing fulcrum of the U-shaped block 5241, ensuring that the U-shaped block 5241 can only slide along a set path. The U-shaped block 5241 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the limiting rod 5246. A telescopic rod 5243 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the U-shaped block 5241. The telescopic rod 5243 has telescopic characteristics and can flexibly adjust its length when the U-shaped block 5241 moves, ensuring that the power can be stably transmitted to the target. Guide block 5242 is slidably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of mounting box 51. Guide block 5242 can distribute the power transmitted by telescopic rod 5243 to each crossbar 5244 to achieve uniform power distribution. The lower end of telescopic rod 5243 is spherical and slidably connected to the inner surface of guide block 5242. The spherical design can reduce the friction between telescopic rod 5243 and guide block 5242, ensuring smooth power transmission. It also facilitates the adjustment of the position of U-shaped block 5241, so that it can be moved left and right by telescopic rod 5243 in different positions.

[0047] Several crossbars 5244 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide block 5242 in an array. The crossbars 5244 are intermediate carriers for power transmission, which can transmit the power of the guide block 5242 to the telescopic rod 5245. The lower ends of the crossbars 5244 are fixedly connected to the telescopic rods 5245 at the positions corresponding to the spherical grooves 533. The telescopic rods 5245 also have telescopic characteristics, which can adapt to the position changes when the shotcrete assembly 53 swings, ensuring stable power transmission. The lower end of the telescopic rods 5245 is spherical and slides with the inner surface of the adjacent spherical grooves 533. The spherical connection allows the telescopic rods 5245 to flexibly adjust the angle when driving the connecting block 531 to swing, avoiding jamming between components.

[0048] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10The swing amplitude adjustment component 523 includes arc-shaped grooves 5233 formed on the end faces of the mounting blocks 521 on both sides. The arc-shaped grooves 5233 provide an arc-shaped path for the movement of the sliders 5234, which can adapt to the swing trajectory of the U-shaped block 5241. The inner surfaces of the two arc-shaped grooves 5233 are slidably connected to the sliders 5234. The sliders 5234 can move synchronously with the swing of the U-shaped block 5241, and can also support the screw 5231 to ensure the stability of the screw 5231. The inner surfaces of the two sliders 5234 are fixedly connected to the screw 5231. The screw 5231 provides a threaded path for the movement of the threaded ring 5232, which is driven by the thread. To achieve relative position adjustment with the threaded ring 5232, the screw 5231 located inside the U-shaped block 5241 is threadedly connected to the threaded ring 5232 driven by a motor. When the motor drives the threaded ring 5232 to rotate on the surface of the screw 5231, the threaded ring 5232 will drive the U-shaped block 5241 to slide along the surface of the limiting rod 5246, thereby achieving position adjustment of the U-shaped block 5241. When the threaded ring 5232 rotates, the U-shaped block 5241 slides on the surfaces of the screw 5231 and the limiting rod 5246. This dual guide design can ensure the stability of the movement process of the U-shaped block 5241, avoid deviation, and thus improve the accuracy of swing amplitude adjustment.

[0049] For further details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10The swing drive component 522 includes a sliding block 5224 slidably connected to the inner surface of the U-shaped block 5241. The sliding block 5224 can convert the eccentric motion of the round rod 5222 into the swing power of the U-shaped block 5241, and can slide flexibly on the inner surface of the U-shaped block 5241 to adapt to the displacement margin and stroke difference caused by the eccentric motion. A center ball 5223 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the sliding block 5224. The center ball 5223 has multi-directional rotation characteristics and can flexibly adjust its angle when the round rod 5222 moves to ensure that no stress concentration occurs during power transmission. A round rod 5222 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the center ball 5223. The round rod 5222 can convert the rotation of the short rotating arm 5221 and the long rotating arm 5225 into linear motion, thereby driving the center ball 5223 and the sliding block 5224 to move. The short rotating arm 5221 and the long rotating arm 5225 are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the round rod 5222, respectively. The short rotating arm 5221 and the long rotating arm 5225 are connected by... Eccentric rotation generates driving force, providing power for the movement of the round rod 5222. The ends of the short rotating arm 5221 and the long rotating arm 5225, away from the round rod 5222, are respectively rotatably connected to the mounting block 521 on the same side. This rotatable connection method ensures the stable rotation of the short rotating arm 5221 and the long rotating arm 5225. The round rod 5222, the long rotating arm 5225, and the short rotating arm 5221 are all eccentrically connected. The eccentric connection design allows the short rotating arm 5221 and the long rotating arm 5225 to drive the round rod when they rotate. 5222 generates reciprocating motion. The arm length of the short rotating arm 5221 is half the arm length of the long rotating arm 5225. This arm length difference design can achieve differentiated adjustment of the swing amplitude. When the U-shaped block 5241 moves closer to the short rotating arm 5221, the swing amplitude of the U-shaped block 5241 decreases. When the U-shaped block 5241 moves closer to the long rotating arm 5225, the swing amplitude of the U-shaped block 5241 increases. This meets the swing amplitude requirements of the shotcrete assembly 53 under different operating scenarios and improves the adaptability of the device.

[0050] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high and steep geological disaster slope anchor spraying support device, comprising a slope body (1), characterized in that: The upper and lower edges of the slope (1) are provided with guide structures (2) that are horizontal to the ground. There are two guide structures (2) with trolleys (3) in their paths. The two trolleys (3) are fixedly connected to a spraying device (4) with the same slope at their close ends. Several material distribution structures (6) are arranged in an array on the inner surface of the spraying device (4). An anchor spraying structure (5) for spraying mortar is fixedly installed on two adjacent material distribution structures (6). The trolley (3) at the top is equipped with a connecting pipe (31) that is connected to the mortar truck to supply mortar to the spraying device (4). The inner surface of the guide structure (2) is provided with a traction rope (21) that is fixedly connected to the adjacent trolley (3) and driven by an electric winch. The batching structure (6) includes a drive shaft (65) that is connected to the spraying equipment (4). The anchor spraying structure (5) includes a mounting box (51) installed in the inner cavity of the spraying equipment (4). A drive assembly (52) connected to the drive shaft (65) is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the mounting box (51). Ventilation assemblies (55) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner surface of the mounting box (51). Several spraying assemblies (53) driven by hoses (54) are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the ventilation assemblies (55) on both sides. The drive assembly (52) includes mounting blocks (521) symmetrically mounted on the upper part of the inner cavity of the mounting box (51) and a swing transmission assembly (524) located between the two mounting blocks (521) for driving the spraying assembly (53) to swing. The upper part of the two mounting blocks (521) on the side close to each other is provided with a swing drive component (522) for driving the swing transmission assembly (524) to swing. The lower part of the two mounting blocks (521) on the side close to each other is provided with a swing amplitude adjustment component (523) for changing the swing amplitude of the swing transmission assembly (524).

2. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying equipment (4) includes an air pump cabinet (7) installed on the upper end of the spraying equipment (4). The inner cavity of the spraying equipment (4) is provided with a relay cavity (41) connected to the connecting pipe (31) on the side. The inner cavity of the spraying equipment (4) is symmetrically fixedly connected with mortar pipes (43) connected to the relay cavity (41). The ends of the two mortar pipes (43) away from the relay cavity (41) are respectively connected to each batching structure (6). The inner cavity of the spraying equipment (4) is provided with air ducts (42) connected to each batching structure (6). The air inlet end of the air duct (42) is connected to the air outlet of the air pump cabinet (7).

3. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing structure (6) includes a fixing plate (61) installed on the inner surface of the spraying equipment (4). The upper end of the fixing plate (61) is provided with a vent (63) communicating with the air duct (42). The inner side of the vent (63) is provided with a through hole communicating with the anchor spraying structure (5). The drive shaft (65) is rotatably installed on the upper part of the inner surface of the vent (63). The outer surface of the drive shaft (65) is fixedly connected with an impeller (64) located in the air inlet path of the vent (63). The inner surface of the fixing plate (61) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a connecting pipe (62) communicating with the adjacent anchor spraying structure (5). The upper end of the connecting pipe (62) is connected with the mortar pipe (43). Several spraying components (53) are fixedly connected with a hose (54) communicating with the connecting pipe (62).

4. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation assembly (55) includes rectangular blocks (551) symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the mounting box (51). The inner surfaces of the two rectangular blocks (551) are rotatably connected to a limiting shaft (552). The outer surface of the limiting shaft (552) is arrayed with several clamps (553) that restrict the position of the shotcrete assembly (53). The inner cavity of the limiting shaft (552) is connected to the ventilation port (63) and evenly distributes the air sent in by the ventilation port (63) to each shotcrete assembly (53).

5. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shotcrete assembly (53) includes a connecting block (531) installed on the outer surface of the limiting shaft (552). The inner cavity of the connecting block (531) is connected to the inner cavity of the limiting shaft (552), and a one-way valve (534) is provided at the connection point. A nozzle (532) for spraying mortar is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting block (531) and is connected to its inner cavity. The hose (54) is connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle (532) to provide mortar inward. A spherical groove (533) is opened at the upper end of the connecting block (531) and is slidably connected to the swing transmission assembly (524).

6. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The swing transmission assembly (524) includes a U-shaped block (5241) and a limiting rod (5246) rotatably mounted on the inner surface of two mounting blocks (521). The U-shaped block (5241) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the limiting rod (5246). A telescopic rod (5243) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the U-shaped block (5241). A guide block (5242) is slidably connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the mounting box (51). The lower end of the telescopic rod (5243) is spherical and slidably connected to the inner surface of the guide block (5242). Several crossbars (5244) are fixedly connected in an array at the lower end of the guide block (5242). A telescopic rod (5245) is fixedly connected to the lower end of each of the crossbars (5244) at the position corresponding to the spherical groove (533). The lower end of the telescopic rod (5245) is spherical and slidably connected to the inner surface of the adjacent spherical groove (533).

7. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing amplitude adjustment component (523) includes arc-shaped grooves (5233) formed on the end faces of the mounting blocks (521) on both sides. Sliders (5234) are slidably connected to the inner surfaces of the two arc-shaped grooves (5233). Screws (5231) are fixedly connected to the inner surfaces of the two sliders (5234). The portion of the screw (5231) located inside the U-shaped block (5241) is threadedly connected to a threaded ring (5232) driven by a motor. When the threaded ring (5232) rotates, the U-shaped block (5241) slides on the surfaces of the screw (5231) and the limiting rod (5246).

8. The anchor-sprayed support device for steep geological disaster slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing drive component (522) includes a sliding block (5224) slidably connected to the inner surface of the U-shaped block (5241). A central ball (5223) is slidably connected to the inner surface of the sliding block (5224), and a round rod (5222) is slidably connected to the inner surface of the central ball (5223). A short rotating arm (5221) and a long rotating arm (5225) are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the round rod (5222), respectively. The short rotating arm (5221) and the long rotating arm (5225) are located away from the round rod (5222). One end of the rod (5222), the long rotating arm (5225), and the short rotating arm (5221) are rotatably connected to the mounting block (521) on the same side. The short rotating arm (5221) is half the length of the long rotating arm (5225). When the U-shaped block (5241) moves closer to the short rotating arm (5221), the swing amplitude of the U-shaped block (5241) decreases. When the U-shaped block (5241) moves closer to the long rotating arm (5225), the swing amplitude of the U-shaped block (5241) increases.

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