System and method for improving fluidity of coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for improving fluidity of coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry, which comprises a crushing and mixing mechanism, a mineralization mechanism, a secondary mineralization mechanism, a conveying pipeline, a grouting mechanism and a main control system, the mineralization mechanisms are mutually connected in parallel and are respectively communicated with the secondary mineralization mechanism through conveying pipelines, the secondary mineralization mechanism is communicated with the grouting mechanism through a conveying pipeline, and the crushing and mixing mechanism, the mineralization mechanisms, the secondary mineralization mechanism, the conveying pipelines and the grouting mechanism are all electrically connected with the main control system. The using method comprises the five steps of coal gangue preprocessing, material preliminary mixing, filling body secondary mineralization, mineralized filling aggregate preparation and filling operation. The fluidity of the mineralized filling slurry is fundamentally improved, other additives for promoting the fluidity are not needed, the pipe blocking accident of the CO2 mineralized filling slurry can be avoided, and smooth mine filling is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining backfilling and mining, and particularly relates to a method for mineralizing and storing coal-based solid waste with carbon dioxide backfilling. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, extensive research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on novel, efficient carbon capture of solid waste and the preparation of high-performance carbon-fixed building materials. However, the current rate of resource utilization and co-processing of bulk solid waste in China is low, and carbon fixation methods and processes are immature.

[0003] Against this backdrop, carbon sequestration through backfilling has become a hot topic in the mining industry. Many scholars employ both direct and indirect mineralization methods to directly pump carbon dioxide backfill slurry into underground goaf areas. The backfill material fixes carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction; this technology not only sequesters CO2 but also improves the mechanical properties of the backfill. Some scholars have also improved material types and proportions to increase carbon sequestration. The core of this technology lies in enhancing the carbon sequestration capacity of the backfill and refining the carbon sequestration methods.

[0004] However, current bulk solid waste mineralization backfill materials have low carbon sequestration capacity, and carbon sequestration methods and processes are immature. Traditional methods involve injecting carbon dioxide into the backfill material or slurry through direct or indirect mineralization, fixing the carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction, and then pumping the mineralized slurry into the underground goaf. The drawback of this method is that, regardless of whether it's a wet or dry mineralization process, carbon dioxide mineralization of the backfill slurry affects its fluidity, leading to viscous slurry and potential pipe blockage, severely impacting mine backfilling and production efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solid waste solidification and carbon dioxide sequestration backfilling system and method that can ensure the smooth progress of mine backfilling and improve the carbon sequestration capacity of the backfill material.

[0005] Therefore, in order to address the shortcomings in current practical work, it is necessary to develop an improved fluidity system for coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry to meet the needs of practical work. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved fluidity system and method for using coal-based solid waste mineralized filling slurry. This invention, on the one hand, completes the mineralization of CO2 and filling slurry on the ground, which is safe and the process is simple and mature. It also assists the CO2 mineralization filling reactor in promoting the mineralization of CO2 and filling slurry, maximizing the carbon sequestration of the filling material. On the other hand, by first preparing mineralized filling aggregate and then filling it into the underground goaf, the fluidity of the mineralized filling slurry is fundamentally improved. No other fluidity-enhancing additives are needed, thus avoiding pipe blockage accidents caused by the CO2 mineralized filling slurry and promoting smooth mine filling.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an improved fluidity system for coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry: An improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry fluidity system includes a crushing and mixing mechanism, a mineralization mechanism, a secondary mineralization mechanism, a conveying pipeline, a grouting mechanism, and a main control system. The crushing and mixing mechanism is connected to the mineralization mechanism through the conveying pipeline. There is at least one mineralization mechanism. The mineralization mechanisms are connected in parallel and are respectively connected to the secondary mineralization mechanism through the conveying pipeline. The secondary mineralization mechanism is connected to the grouting mechanism through the conveying pipeline. The crushing and mixing mechanism, mineralization mechanism, secondary mineralization mechanism, conveying pipeline, and grouting mechanism are all electrically connected to the main control system. The mineralization mechanism includes a mixing reactor, a carbon dioxide mineralization chamber, a transfer mechanism, and a filling machine. There is at least one mixing reactor, which is connected to the filling machine through the conveying pipeline. The filling machine is connected to at least one carbon dioxide mineralization chamber through the transfer mechanism. Each filling machine and each carbon dioxide mineralization chamber it is connected to form a mineralization working group. At the same time, the mineralization working groups are connected in parallel.

[0008] Furthermore, both the crushing and mixing mechanism and the secondary mineralization mechanism include at least one crushing and screening machine. The secondary mineralization mechanism is further provided with at least one mineralized aggregate bin, and the crushing and screening machine of the secondary mineralization mechanism is connected to each mineralized aggregate bin. The mineralized aggregate bins are connected to the grouting mechanism through conveying pipes.

[0009] Furthermore, the mineralized aggregate bin includes a support frame, a mixing tank, a sealing cover, a control valve, an aeration mechanism, a gas booster pump, a stirring mechanism, and a pressure sensor. The mixing tank is embedded within the support frame and coaxially distributed with it, with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the mixing tank is connected to the sealing cover, forming a sealed cavity structure. At least two aeration mechanisms are located inside the mixing tank, connected to the inner side of the tank, and evenly distributed around its axis. These aeration mechanisms are connected in parallel and communicate with the gas booster pump via air guide pipes. The gas booster pump is further connected to an external carbon dioxide source via a guide pipe. The stirring mechanism is located... Inside the mixing tank, a component is coaxially distributed and connected to the bottom of the mixing tank. The bottom of the mixing tank has a discharge port and a through hole. One end of the air guide pipe is connected to each aeration mechanism through the through hole, and the other end is connected to a gas booster pump. The sealing cover has at least one solid material addition port and one exhaust port. Control valves are installed at the discharge port, solid material addition port, and exhaust port. The discharge port and solid material addition port are connected to the conveying pipeline through the control valves. At least one air pressure sensor is installed inside the mixing tank and is connected to the sealing cover. The control valves, gas booster pump, stirring mechanism, and air pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the main control system.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end face of the sealing cover is provided with several atomizing spray heads, and the atomizing spray heads are connected to the inside of the mixing tank. At the same time, each atomizing spray head is connected in parallel, and the sealing cover corresponding to the atomizing spray head is provided with a water inlet, which is connected to the water inlet through a guide pipe. A control valve is also provided at the water inlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the aeration mechanism includes a guide pipe, an aeration pipe, a guide plate, and an elastic hinge. There are several guide pipes, and adjacent guide pipes are connected by an aeration pipe. The guide pipes and aeration pipes are coaxially distributed. The outer side of the guide pipe is connected to at least two guide plates distributed around its axis. The guide plate is an arc-shaped plate structure coaxially distributed with the guide pipe. The lower end face of the guide plate is hinged to the outer side of the guide pipe through an elastic hinge. The upper half of the guide plate covers the aeration pipe, and the surface of the guide plate forms an angle of 0° to 60° with the outer side of the aeration pipe. Adjacent guide plates are connected to each other through an elastic connecting strip, and the elastic connecting strip is connected to the side surface of the guide plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the mixing reactor includes a support frame, a mixing tank, a sealing cover, a control valve, a carbon dioxide injection mechanism, a gas booster pump, a stirring mechanism, an electric heating mechanism, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor. The mixing tank is embedded within the support frame and coaxially distributed with it, with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the mixing tank is connected to the sealing cover, forming a sealed cavity structure. The bottom of the mixing tank has a discharge port and a gas injection port. The sealing cover has at least two solid material inlets and at least one liquid material inlet. Control valves are installed at both the inlet and the liquid material inlet, and the discharge port and the solid material inlet are connected to the conveying pipeline through the control valves. The gas injection port is connected to at least two carbon dioxide injection mechanisms through the gas guide pipe. The carbon dioxide injection mechanisms are connected to the bottom of the mixing tank and are evenly distributed around the axis of the mixing tank. The carbon dioxide injection mechanisms are connected to the gas booster pump through the gas guide pipe, and the gas booster pump is connected to the outer side of the support frame. There are at least two electric heating mechanisms, which are embedded in the side wall of the mixing tank and are evenly distributed around the axis of the mixing tank. The temperature and humidity sensor and the air pressure sensor are located inside the mixing tank and are respectively connected to the lower end face of the sealing cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide injection mechanism includes a support base, an aeration disc, a diversion hood, an elastic connecting band, and elastic support columns. The support base has an axial cross-section in the shape of a U-shape and is connected to the bottom of the mixing tank. The aeration disc is located inside the support base and is coaxially distributed with the support base. The diversion hood has an axial cross-section in the shape of a cone and is covered over the upper surface of the support base. Its lower surface is connected to the upper surface of the support base through at least three elastic support columns. The axis of the elastic support column is at an angle of 0° to 45° with the axis of the support base. At the same time, the bottom of the diversion hood and the upper surface of the support base have a gap with a width of not less than 2 mm. The elastic connecting band is a hollow cylindrical structure coaxially distributed with the support base and is covered over the support base. The lower surface of the elastic connecting band is connected to the lower surface of the support base, and the upper surface is connected to the lower surface of the diversion hood. At the same time, the elastic connecting band is provided with several vent holes with a diameter of not more than 1 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the main control system is a circuit system based on a programmable controller, and the main control system also has at least one common control interface, including but not limited to a display, potentiometer, switch, button and keyboard.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-flow conveying system includes a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source, a gas jet pump, a drive auger, a jet nozzle, a pipe compensator, an ultrasonic vibrator, drive pipes, conveying pipes, and a support base. The support base is a U-shaped frame structure, with several support bases coaxially distributed and a distance of 30-100 cm between adjacent support bases. There are at least two drive pipes and several conveying pipes. Each drive pipe and conveying pipe is connected to the bottom of at least one support base via an elastic base. The drive pipes and conveying pipes are connected by a pipe compensator. The system is interconnected and coaxially distributed. At least one drive pipe is connected to the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, and at least one remaining drive pipe is distributed at intervals between adjacent delivery pipes. At least one ultrasonic vibrator is provided on the outer surface of each delivery pipe. There is at least one drive auger, and each drive auger is located in a drive pipe and coaxially distributed with the drive pipe. At least two jet nozzles are provided in the drive pipe, and each jet nozzle is distributed in a spiral structure around the axis of the drive pipe. The axis of the jet nozzle intersects the axis of the drive pipe and forms an angle of 10° to 30°. The jet nozzles are connected in parallel to each other and are connected to a gas jet pump through a split pipe. The gas jet pump is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source.

[0016] A method for using an improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry fluidity system includes the following steps: S1, Coal gangue preprocessing: First, the coal gangue is crushed and screened and graded using a mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system. Gangue particles with a diameter of less than 3 mm are stored in the gangue bin of the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system for later use. S2, preliminary mixing of materials: First, the gangue particles prepared in step S1 are transported to the mineralization mechanism of the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, where they are mixed with water, cementing materials, alkaline carbon-fixing materials and carbon dioxide in proportion. The mixing process involves adding water twice and stirring twice. During the mixing process, the pressure is ensured to be no less than 7 MPa and the temperature to be no less than 30°C. After the slurry is fully mixed and mineralized, the CO2 mineralized filling slurry is poured into the cubic mold.

[0017] S3, secondary mineralization of the filling material: After the CO2 mineralized filling slurry reaches a certain strength, it is demolded to obtain the solidified CO2 mineralized filling material. Then, the CO2 mineralized filling material is transferred to the carbon dioxide mineralization chamber and mineralized and cured for 7-14 days in an environment with a carbon dioxide concentration of about 20%, thus achieving secondary mineralization and curing of the filling material. S4, prepare mineralized backfill aggregate. The solid CO2 mineralized backfill obtained in step S3 is crushed a second time to obtain granular material with a particle size of no more than 15mm, which is used as CO2 mineralized backfill aggregate in paste backfill. S5, filling operation: The CO2 mineralized filling aggregate prepared in step S4 is transported to the filling system, and after secondary mixing with water and cementitious materials in the filling system, it is transported to the filling operation area through a high-flow conveying system for filling operation, thereby realizing the permanent sequestration of carbon dioxide gas while carrying out the filling operation.

[0018] Furthermore, the high-flow conveying system includes a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source, a gas jet pump, a drive auger, a jet nozzle, a pipe compensator, an ultrasonic vibrator, drive pipes, conveying pipes, a support base, and a drive circuit. The support base is a U-shaped frame structure, with several support bases coaxially distributed and a distance of 30-100 cm between adjacent support bases. There are at least two drive pipes and several conveying pipes. Each drive pipe and conveying pipe is connected to the bottom of at least one support base via an elastic base. The drive pipes and conveying pipes are connected by pipes. The compensators are connected and coaxially distributed. Among the drive tubes, at least one drive tube is connected to the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, and the remaining drive tubes are distributed at intervals between adjacent delivery tubes. At the same time, each delivery tube has at least one ultrasonic vibrator on its outer surface. There is at least one drive auger, and each drive auger is located in a drive tube and coaxially distributed with the drive tube. At least two jet nozzles are provided in the drive tube, and each jet nozzle is distributed in a spiral structure around the axis of the drive tube. The axis of the jet nozzle intersects the axis of the drive tube and forms an angle of 10° to 30°. The jet nozzles are connected in parallel to each other and are connected to a gas jet pump through a split pipe. The gas jet pump is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source. The drive circuit is connected to the outer surface of one of the bearing seats and is electrically connected to the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source, the gas jet pump, the drive auger, and the ultrasonic vibrator, respectively.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, on the one hand, completes the mineralization of CO2 and filling slurry on the ground, which is safe and the process is simple and mature. It also assists the CO2 mineralization filling reactor to promote the mineralization of CO2 and filling slurry, which can maximize the carbon fixation of filling materials. On the other hand, by first preparing mineralized filling aggregate and then filling the mineralized filling aggregate into the underground goaf, the fluidity of mineralized filling slurry is fundamentally improved. It does not require other fluidity-enhancing additives, can avoid pipe blockage accidents of CO2 mineralized filling slurry, and promotes the smooth progress of mine filling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mineralization structure; Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a mineralized aggregate bin; Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of the aeration mechanism in its static state; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the aeration mechanism in operation. Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the mixing reactor; Figure 7A partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the carbon dioxide injection mechanism; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a high-flow conveying system. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drive tube. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system includes a crushing and mixing mechanism 1, a mineralization mechanism 2, a secondary mineralization mechanism 3, a conveying pipeline 4, a grouting mechanism 5, and a main control system 6. The crushing and mixing mechanism 1 is connected to the mineralization mechanism 2 through the conveying pipeline 4. There is at least one mineralization mechanism 2. Each mineralization mechanism 2 is connected in parallel and is connected to the secondary mineralization mechanism 3 through the conveying pipeline. The secondary mineralization mechanism 3 is connected to the grouting mechanism 5 through the conveying pipeline 4. The crushing and mixing mechanism 1, the mineralization mechanism 2, the secondary mineralization mechanism 3, the conveying pipeline 4, and the grouting mechanism 5 are all electrically connected to the main control system 6.

[0023] In this embodiment, the mineralization mechanism 2 includes a mixing reactor 201, a carbon dioxide mineralization chamber 202, a transfer mechanism 203, and a filling machine 204. There is at least one mixing reactor 201, which is connected to the filling machine 204 through a conveying pipe 4. The filling machine 204 is connected to at least one carbon dioxide mineralization chamber 202 through the transfer mechanism 203. Each filling machine 204 and each carbon dioxide mineralization chamber 202 connected to it constitute a mineralization working group, and the mineralization working groups are connected in parallel.

[0024] An improved fluidity system for coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry is disclosed. The high-flow conveying system includes a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source, a gas jet pump, a drive auger, a jet vent, a pipe compensator, an ultrasonic vibrator, drive pipes, conveying pipes, and a support base. The support base is a U-shaped frame structure, with several support bases coaxially distributed and a spacing of 30-100 cm between adjacent support bases. There are at least two drive pipes and several conveying pipes. Each drive pipe and conveying pipe is connected to the bottom of at least one support base via an elastic base. The components are connected and coaxially distributed via a pipe compensator. At least one drive pipe is connected to the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, and at least one remaining drive pipe is distributed at intervals between adjacent delivery pipes. At least one ultrasonic vibrator is provided on the outer side of each delivery pipe. There is at least one drive auger, and each drive auger is located in a drive pipe and coaxially distributed with the drive pipe. At least two jet nozzles are provided in each drive pipe, and each jet nozzle is distributed in a spiral structure around the axis of the drive pipe. The axis of the jet nozzle intersects the axis of the drive pipe at an angle of 10° to 30°, and the jet nozzles are connected in parallel to each other. They are connected to a gas jet pump through a branch pipe, and the gas jet pump is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source.

[0025] In this embodiment, the transfer mechanism 203 is any one or more of belt conveyors and stackers.

[0026] In this embodiment, both the crushing and mixing mechanism 1 and the secondary mineralization mechanism 3 include at least one crushing and screening machine. The secondary mineralization mechanism 3 is further provided with at least one mineralized aggregate bin 7. The crushing and screening machine of the secondary mineralization mechanism 3 is connected to each mineralized aggregate bin 7, and the mineralized aggregate bin 7 is connected to the grouting mechanism 5 through the conveying pipe 4.

[0027] Specifically, the mineralized aggregate bin 7 includes a support frame 71, a mixing tank 72, a sealing cover 73, a control valve 74, an aeration mechanism 75, a gas booster pump 76, a stirring mechanism 77, and a pressure sensor 78. The mixing tank 72 is embedded within the support frame 71 and is coaxially distributed with it, with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the mixing tank 72 is connected to the sealing cover 73, forming a sealed cavity structure. At least two aeration mechanisms 75 are located within the mixing tank 72, connected to its inner surface, and evenly distributed around its axis. These aeration mechanisms 75 are connected in parallel and communicate with the gas booster pump 76 via an air guide pipe 79. The gas booster pump 76 is connected to the outer surface of the support frame 71 and communicates with an external carbon dioxide gas source via a guide pipe. The stirring mechanism 77 is located within the mixing tank. Inside 72, a component is coaxially distributed with and connected to the bottom of the mixing tank 72. The bottom of the mixing tank 72 is provided with a discharge port 701 and a through hole 702. One end of the air guide pipe 79 is connected to each aeration mechanism 75 through the through hole 702, and the other end is connected to the gas booster pump 76. The sealing cover 73 is provided with at least one solid material addition port 703 and an exhaust port 704. Control valves 74 are provided at the discharge port 701, the solid material addition port 703 and the exhaust port 704. The discharge port 701 and the solid material addition port 703 are connected to the conveying pipeline 4 through the control valves 74. At least one air pressure sensor 78 is provided inside the mixing tank 72 and is connected to the sealing cover 73. The control valves 74, the gas booster pump 76, the stirring mechanism 77 and the air pressure sensor 78 are all electrically connected to the main control system 6.

[0028] Meanwhile, the lower end face of the sealing cover 72 is provided with a plurality of atomizing spray heads 705, and the atomizing spray heads 705 are connected to the inside of the mixing tank 72. At the same time, each atomizing spray head 705 is connected in parallel, and a water inlet 706 is provided on the sealing cover 73 corresponding to the atomizing spray head 705, and is connected to the water inlet 706 through a guide pipe. A control valve 74 is also provided at the water inlet 706.

[0029] Meanwhile, the aeration mechanism 75 includes a guide pipe 751, an aeration pipe 752, a guide plate 753, and an elastic hinge 754. Several guide pipes 751 are provided, with adjacent guide pipes 751 connected by an aeration pipe 752. The guide pipes 751 and aeration pipes 752 are coaxially distributed. The outer surface of each guide pipe 751 is connected to at least two guide plates 753 arranged around its axis. The guide plates 753 are connected to the guide pipes 751. 1. A coaxially distributed arc-shaped plate structure, wherein the lower end face of the guide plate 753 is hinged to the outer side of the guide pipe 751 through an elastic hinge 754, the upper half of the guide plate 753 covers the aeration pipe 752, and the plate surface of the guide plate 753 forms an angle of 0° to 60° with the outer side of the aeration pipe 752, and adjacent guide plates 753 are connected to each other through an elastic connecting strip 755, and the elastic connecting strip 755 is connected to the side surface of the guide plate 753.

[0030] Furthermore, the mixing reactor 201 includes a support frame 71, a mixing tank 72, a sealing cover 73, a control valve 74, a carbon dioxide injection mechanism 21, a gas booster pump 76, a stirring mechanism 77, an electric heating mechanism 22, a temperature and humidity sensor 23, and a pressure sensor 78. The mixing tank 72 is embedded within the support frame 71 and coaxially distributed with it, with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the mixing tank 72 is connected to the sealing cover 73, forming a sealed cavity structure. The bottom of the mixing tank 72 has a discharge port 701 and a gas injection port 24. The sealing cover 73 has at least two solid material inlets 25 and at least one liquid material inlet 26. The discharge port 701, gas injection port 24, and solid material inlet 25 are all connected to the sealing cover 73. Control valves 74 are provided at both the material feeding port 25 and the liquid material feeding port 26. The discharge port 701 and the solid material feeding port 25 are connected to the conveying pipeline 4 through the control valves 74. The gas injection port 24 is connected to at least two carbon dioxide injection mechanisms 21 through the gas guide pipe. The carbon dioxide injection mechanisms 21 are connected to the bottom of the mixing tank 72 and are evenly distributed around the axis of the mixing tank 72. The carbon dioxide injection mechanisms 21 are connected to the gas booster pump 76 through the gas guide pipe, and the gas booster pump 76 is connected to the outer side of the support frame. At least two electric heating mechanisms 22 are embedded in the side wall of the mixing tank 72 and are evenly distributed around the axis of the mixing tank 72. The temperature and humidity sensor 23 and the air pressure sensor 78 are located inside the mixing tank 72 and are respectively connected to the lower end face of the sealing cover 73.

[0031] As specifically noted, the carbon dioxide injection mechanism 21 includes a support base 211, an aeration disc 212, a flow divider 213, an elastic connecting belt 755, and elastic support columns 215. The support base 211 has an axial cross-section in the shape of a U-shape and is connected to the bottom of the mixing tank 72. The aeration disc 212 is located inside the support base 211 and is coaxially distributed with it. The flow divider 213 has an axial cross-section in the shape of a cone and covers the upper surface of the support base 211. Its lower surface is connected to the support base 211 via at least three elastic support columns 215. 1. The upper end face is connected, and the axis of the elastic bearing column 215 forms an angle of 0° to 45° with the axis of the bearing base 211. At the same time, the bottom of the diverter hood 213 and the upper end face of the bearing base 211 are provided with a gap of not less than 2 mm. The elastic connecting strip 755 is a hollow cylindrical structure coaxially distributed with the bearing base 211, covering the bearing base 211. The lower end face of the elastic connecting strip 755 is connected to the lower end face of the bearing base 211, and the upper end face is connected to the lower end face of the diverter hood 213. At the same time, the elastic connecting strip 755 is provided with several vent holes 214 with a diameter of not more than 1 mm.

[0032] In a further optimized manner, the top of the flow divider 213 is provided with at least three flow guide grooves 216 that are evenly distributed around its axis and arranged in an "S" structure.

[0033] During material mixing, the mixture comes into direct contact with the top of the diversion hood. Under the action of impact and pressure, the elastic support column of the diversion hood is driven to undergo elastic compression and store energy. When the pressure decreases, the elastic support column drives the diversion hood to rise and reset under the action of elastic potential energy and the gas pressure discharged from the aeration disc. This prevents the material from accumulating and solidifying into lumps on the top of the diversion hood, and also prevents the mixture from causing damage to the aeration disc structure.

[0034] Furthermore, during operation, the angle between the elastic support column and the axis of the support base allows the diverter to rotate under the drive of the elastic support column during the descent or ascent of the diverter, thereby enabling the diverter to rotate and adjust within a small range and thus improving the ability to clean materials adhering to the top surface of the diverter.

[0035] In this embodiment, the main control system 6 is a circuit system based on a programmable controller. The main control system also has at least one common control interface, including but not limited to a display, potentiometer, switch, button and keyboard.

[0036] Figure 8 to Figure 10 As shown, a method for using an improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry fluidity system includes the following steps: S1, Coal gangue preprocessing: First, the coal gangue is crushed and screened and graded using a mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system. Gangue particles with a diameter of less than 3 mm are stored in the gangue bin of the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system for later use. S2, preliminary mixing of materials: First, the gangue particles prepared in step S1 are transported to the mineralization mechanism of the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, where they are mixed with water, cementing materials, alkaline carbon-fixing materials and carbon dioxide in proportion. The mixing process involves adding water twice and stirring twice. During the mixing process, the pressure is ensured to be no less than 7 MPa and the temperature to be no less than 30°C. After the slurry is fully mixed and mineralized, the CO2 mineralized filling slurry is poured into the cubic mold.

[0037] S3, secondary mineralization of the filling material: After the CO2 mineralized filling slurry reaches a certain strength, it is demolded to obtain the solidified CO2 mineralized filling material. Then, the CO2 mineralized filling material is transferred to the carbon dioxide mineralization chamber and mineralized and cured for 7-14 days in an environment with a carbon dioxide concentration of about 20%, thus achieving secondary mineralization and curing of the filling material. S4, prepare mineralized backfill aggregate. The solid CO2 mineralized backfill obtained in step S3 is crushed a second time to obtain granular material with a particle size of no more than 15mm, which is used as CO2 mineralized backfill aggregate in paste backfill. S5, filling operation: The CO2 mineralized filling aggregate prepared in step S4 is transported to the filling system, and after secondary mixing with water and cementitious materials in the filling system, it is transported to the filling operation area through a high-flow conveying system for filling operation, thereby realizing the permanent sequestration of carbon dioxide gas while carrying out the filling operation.

[0038] Points that need to be emphasized, such as Figures 2-8 As shown, the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system in step S1 Specifically, the high-flow conveying system includes a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source 101, a gas jet pump 102, a drive auger 103, a jet outlet 104, a pipe compensator 105, an ultrasonic vibrator 106, a drive pipe 107, a conveying pipe 108, a support base 109, and a drive circuit 100. The support base 109 is a U-shaped frame structure. Several support bases 109 are coaxially distributed, with a spacing of 30-100 cm between adjacent support bases. There are at least two drive pipes 107 and several conveying pipes 108. Each drive pipe 107 and conveying pipe 108 is connected to the bottom of at least one support base 109 via an elastic base. The drive pipes 107 and conveying pipes 108... Eight chambers are connected and coaxially distributed via pipe compensators 105. At least one drive pipe 107 is connected to the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system. The remaining drive pipes 107 are spaced apart between adjacent delivery pipes 108. Each delivery pipe 108 has at least one ultrasonic vibrator 106 on its outer surface. At least one drive auger 103 is present, each located within a drive pipe 107 and coaxially distributed with it. Each drive pipe 107 also has at least two jet nozzles 104, arranged in a spiral structure around the axis of the drive pipe 107. The axis of the jet nozzles 104 intersects the axis of the drive pipe 107 at an angle of 10°–30°. The angle is formed, and each jet outlet 104 is connected in parallel to each other. It is connected to the gas jet pump 102 through the diversion pipe. The gas jet pump 102 is connected to the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source 101. The drive circuit 100 is connected to the outer side of one of the bearing seats 109, and is electrically connected to the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source 101, the gas jet pump 102, the drive auger 103, and the ultrasonic vibrator 106 respectively.

[0039] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, on the one hand, completes the mineralization of CO2 and filling slurry on the ground, which is safe and the process is simple and mature. It also assists the CO2 mineralization filling reactor to promote the mineralization of CO2 and filling slurry, which can maximize the carbon fixation of filling materials. On the other hand, by first preparing mineralized filling aggregate and then filling the mineralized filling aggregate into the underground goaf, the fluidity of mineralized filling slurry is fundamentally improved. It does not require other fluidity-enhancing additives, can avoid pipe blockage accidents of CO2 mineralized filling slurry, and promotes the smooth progress of mine filling.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the terms "connection", "installation", "fixing", "setting", etc. are interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component without affecting the relationship between components and the technical effect. It can also be an integral connection or a partial connection. In such cases, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention or invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An improved fluidity system for coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry, characterized in that, The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system includes a crushing and mixing mechanism, a mineralization mechanism, a secondary mineralization mechanism, a conveying pipeline, a grouting mechanism, and a main control system. The crushing and mixing mechanism is connected to the mineralization mechanism via the conveying pipeline. There is at least one mineralization mechanism, and each mineralization mechanism is connected in parallel and connected to the secondary mineralization mechanism via a conveying pipeline. The secondary mineralization mechanism is connected to the grouting mechanism via a conveying pipeline. The crushing and mixing mechanism, mineralization mechanism, secondary mineralization mechanism, conveying pipeline, and grouting mechanism are all electrically connected to the main control system. The mineralization mechanism includes a mixing reactor, a carbon dioxide mineralization chamber, a transfer mechanism, and a filling machine. There is at least one mixing reactor, which is connected to the filling machine via a conveying pipeline. The filling machine is connected to at least one carbon dioxide mineralization chamber via the transfer mechanism. Each filling machine and each connected carbon dioxide mineralization chamber constitute a mineralization working group, and the mineralization working groups are connected in parallel.

2. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the crushing and mixing mechanism and the secondary mineralization mechanism include at least one crushing and screening machine. The secondary mineralization mechanism is further provided with at least one mineralized aggregate bin. The crushing and screening machine of the secondary mineralization mechanism is connected to each mineralized aggregate bin, and the mineralized aggregate bin is connected to the grouting mechanism through a conveying pipeline.

3. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mineralized aggregate bin includes a support frame, a mixing tank, a sealing cover, a control valve, an aeration mechanism, a gas booster pump, a stirring mechanism, and a pressure sensor. The mixing tank is embedded within the support frame and coaxially distributed with it, with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the mixing tank is connected to the sealing cover, forming a sealed cavity structure. At least two aeration mechanisms are located inside the mixing tank, connected to the inner side of the tank, and evenly distributed around its axis. These aeration mechanisms are connected in parallel and communicate with the gas booster pump via air guide pipes. The gas booster pump is further connected to an external carbon dioxide gas source via a guide pipe. The stirring mechanism is located within the mixing tank... Inside the tank, a component is coaxially distributed with the mixing tank and connected to the bottom of the mixing tank. The bottom of the mixing tank has a discharge port and a through hole, and the air guide pipe is connected to each aeration mechanism at one end through the through hole and to the gas booster pump at the other end. The sealing cover has at least one solid material addition port and one exhaust port. Control valves are installed at the discharge port, solid material addition port and exhaust port, and the discharge port and solid material addition port are connected to the conveying pipeline through the control valves. At least one air pressure sensor is installed inside the mixing tank and is connected to the sealing cover. The control valve, gas booster pump, stirring mechanism and air pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the main control system.

4. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end face of the sealing cover is provided with several atomizing spray heads, and the atomizing spray heads are connected to the inside of the mixing tank. At the same time, each atomizing spray head is connected in parallel, and the sealing cover corresponding to the atomizing spray head is provided with a water inlet, which is connected to the water inlet through a guide pipe. A control valve is also provided at the water inlet.

5. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aeration mechanism includes a guide pipe, an aeration pipe, a guide plate, and an elastic hinge. There are several guide pipes, and adjacent guide pipes are connected by an aeration pipe. The guide pipes and aeration pipes are coaxially distributed. The outer side of the guide pipe is connected to at least two guide plates distributed around its axis. The guide plate is an arc-shaped plate structure coaxially distributed with the guide pipe. The lower end face of the guide plate is hinged to the outer side of the guide pipe through an elastic hinge. The upper half of the guide plate covers the aeration pipe, and the surface of the guide plate forms an angle of 0° to 60° with the outer side of the aeration pipe. Adjacent guide plates are connected to each other through an elastic connecting strip, and the elastic connecting strip is connected to the side surface of the guide plate.

6. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing reactor includes a support frame, a mixing tank, a sealing cover, a control valve, a carbon dioxide injection mechanism, a gas booster pump, a stirring mechanism, an electric heating mechanism, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor. The mixing tank is embedded within the support frame and coaxially distributed with it, with its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the mixing tank is connected to the sealing cover, forming a sealed cavity structure. The bottom of the mixing tank has a discharge port and a gas injection port. The sealing cover has at least two solid material inlets and at least one liquid material inlet. The discharge port, gas injection port, solid material inlet, and... Control valves are installed at the liquid material inlet, and the discharge port and solid material inlet are connected to the conveying pipeline through control valves. The gas injection port is connected to at least two carbon dioxide injection mechanisms through a gas guide pipe. The carbon dioxide injection mechanisms are connected to the bottom of the mixing tank and are evenly distributed around the axis of the mixing tank. The carbon dioxide injection mechanisms are connected to a gas booster pump through a gas guide pipe, and the gas booster pump is connected to the outer side of the support frame. There are at least two electric heating mechanisms, which are embedded in the side wall of the mixing tank and are evenly distributed around the axis of the mixing tank. The temperature and humidity sensor and the air pressure sensor are located inside the mixing tank and are respectively connected to the lower end face of the sealing cover.

7. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide injection mechanism includes a support base, an aeration disc, a diversion hood, an elastic connecting band, and elastic support columns. The support base has an axial cross-section in the shape of a U-shape and is connected to the bottom of the mixing tank. The aeration disc is located inside the support base and is coaxially distributed with the support base. The diversion hood has an axial cross-section in the shape of a cone and is covered over the upper surface of the support base. Its lower surface is connected to the upper surface of the support base through at least three elastic support columns. The axis of the elastic support column is at an angle of 0° to 45° with the axis of the support base. At the same time, the bottom of the diversion hood and the upper surface of the support base have a gap with a width of not less than 2 mm. The elastic connecting band is a hollow cylindrical structure coaxially distributed with the support base and is covered over the support base. The lower surface of the elastic connecting band is connected to the lower surface of the support base, and the upper surface is connected to the lower surface of the diversion hood. The elastic connecting band also has several vent holes with a diameter of not more than 1 mm.

8. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control system is a circuit system based on a programmable controller. The main control system also has at least one common control interface, including but not limited to a display, potentiometer, switch, button and keyboard.

9. The method of using the improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry fluidity system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using the improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry fluidity system includes the following steps: S1, Coal gangue preprocessing: First, the coal gangue is crushed and screened and graded using a mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system. Gangue particles with a diameter of less than 3 mm are stored in the gangue bin of the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system for later use. S2, preliminary mixing of materials: First, the gangue particles prepared in step S1 are transported to the mineralization mechanism of the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, and mixed with water, cementing materials, alkaline carbon fixation materials and carbon dioxide in proportion. The mixing process is carried out by adding water twice and stirring twice. During the mixing process, the pressure is ensured to be no less than 7MPa and the temperature is no less than 30℃. After the slurry is fully mixed and mineralized, the CO2 mineralized filling slurry is poured into the cubic mold. S3, secondary mineralization of the filling material: After the CO2 mineralized filling slurry reaches a certain strength, it is demolded to obtain the solidified CO2 mineralized filling material. Then, the CO2 mineralized filling material is transferred to the carbon dioxide mineralization chamber and mineralized and cured for 7-14 days in an environment with a carbon dioxide concentration of about 20%, thus achieving secondary mineralization and curing of the filling material. S4, prepare mineralized backfill aggregate. The solid CO2 mineralized backfill obtained in step S3 is crushed a second time to obtain granular material with a particle size of no more than 15mm, which is used as CO2 mineralized backfill aggregate in paste backfill. S5, filling operation: The CO2 mineralized filling aggregate prepared in step S4 is transported to the filling system, and after secondary mixing with water and cementitious materials in the filling system, it is transported to the filling operation area through a high-flow conveying system for filling operation, thereby realizing the permanent sequestration of carbon dioxide gas while carrying out the filling operation.

10. The improved coal-based solid waste mineralization filling slurry flowability system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The high-flow conveying system includes a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source, a gas jet pump, a drive auger, a jet nozzle, a pipe compensator, an ultrasonic vibrator, drive pipes, conveying pipes, a support base, and a drive circuit. The support base is a U-shaped frame structure, with several support bases coaxially distributed and a distance of 30-100 cm between adjacent support bases. There are at least two drive pipes and several conveying pipes. Each drive pipe and conveying pipe is connected to the bottom of at least one support base via an elastic base. The drive pipes and conveying pipes are connected by a pipe compensator. The system is interconnected and coaxially distributed. At least one drive pipe is connected to the mineralization and storage carbon dioxide filling system, and at least one remaining drive pipe is spaced apart between adjacent delivery pipes. Each delivery pipe has at least one ultrasonic vibrator on its outer surface. There is at least one drive auger, each located within a drive pipe and coaxially distributed with it. Each drive pipe also has at least two jet nozzles, arranged in a spiral structure around the drive pipe axis. The axis of each jet nozzle intersects the axis of the drive pipe at an angle of 10°–30° and is connected in parallel. The system is connected to a gas jet pump via a branch pipe. The gas jet pump is connected to a high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source. The drive circuit is connected to the outer surface of one of the support seats and electrically connected to the high-pressure carbon dioxide gas source, the gas jet pump, the drive auger, and the ultrasonic vibrator, respectively.

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