Accelerating structure, accelerating tube, X-ray device and welding process of accelerating tube

Abstract

The invention provides an accelerating structure, an accelerating tube, an X-ray device and a welding process of the accelerating tube. The acceleration structure comprises a first body and a second body, the first body is provided with a plurality of first acceleration half cavities which are sequentially arranged in the first direction. The second body is provided with a plurality of second acceleration half cavities which are sequentially arranged in the first direction, and the second acceleration half cavities correspond to the first acceleration half cavities in a one-to-one mode. One of the first body and the second body is provided with a welding structure, the other one of the first body and the second body is provided with a welding surface matched with the welding structure, the first body and the second body are welded and fixed through the welding structure and the welding surface, and the corresponding first acceleration half cavity and the second acceleration half cavity define a complete acceleration cavity. According to the acceleration structure, miniaturization and light weight of the acceleration tube adopting the acceleration structure are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to accelerator tube technology, and more particularly to an accelerator structure, an accelerator tube, an X-ray device, and a welding process for the accelerator tube. Background Technology

[0002] X-ray sterilization and non-destructive testing technologies are developing rapidly. X-ray sterilization has strong penetrating power, is easy to operate, and leaves no toxic residue. X-ray non-destructive testing can detect defects in parts without contact with the workpiece, and the testing method is simple and does not damage the workpiece. However, in related technologies, X-ray devices are bulky, making them inconvenient for sterilizing and testing small areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a welding process for an accelerator structure, an accelerator tube, an X-ray device, and an accelerator tube, which is beneficial for miniaturization and weight reduction of the accelerator tube using this accelerator structure.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides an acceleration structure comprising: a first body and a second body; wherein the first body has a plurality of first acceleration semi-cavities arranged sequentially along a first direction; the second body has a plurality of second acceleration semi-cavities arranged sequentially along the first direction, the plurality of second acceleration semi-cavities corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of first acceleration semi-cavities; one of the first body and the second body has a welding structure, the other of the first body and the second body has a welding surface matching the welding structure, the first body and the second body are welded and fixed by the welding structure and the welding surface, and the corresponding first acceleration semi-cavities and second acceleration semi-cavities enclose each other to form a complete acceleration cavity.

[0005] The acceleration structure provided in this application comprises a first body and a second body, on which corresponding first and second acceleration semi-cavities can be fabricated respectively, facilitating the fabrication of the first and second acceleration semi-cavities and reducing fabrication difficulty. Furthermore, welding structures and welding surfaces are respectively provided on the first and second bodies, allowing them to be welded together in a single welding operation, thereby enabling the corresponding first and second acceleration semi-cavities to enclose and form a complete acceleration cavity. In this way, by providing welding grooves or other components of the acceleration tube that match the first and second bodies, other components of the acceleration tube can be fixedly connected to the acceleration structure through welding. Compared to disk-loaded waveguides in related technologies, the acceleration structure provided in this application can reduce the overall size of the acceleration tube, which is beneficial for miniaturization and weight reduction.

[0006] In some possible implementations of this application, the welding structure includes at least two first welding grooves disposed on the first body, the at least two first welding grooves being distributed on both sides of the first acceleration half-cavity along the long axis direction of the first acceleration half-cavity, and the second body having a welding surface corresponding to each first welding groove; along the first direction, the length of the first welding groove and the welding surface are both greater than or equal to the length of the portion where the plurality of first acceleration half-cavities are located; the long axis direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0007] In some possible implementations of this application, the first body also has a first positioning structure, and the second body has a second positioning structure that matches the first positioning structure. The first positioning structure and the second positioning structure cooperate to limit the relative position of the first body and the second body.

[0008] In some possible implementations of this application, the first positioning structure includes a receiving cavity formed on the first body, and along the fastening direction between the second body and the first body, the first acceleration half-cavity and the welding structure are both disposed on the bottom wall of the receiving cavity; the second positioning structure includes a protrusion formed on the second body, the protrusion matching the receiving cavity, and the second acceleration half-cavity and the welding surface both disposed on the protrusion; along the fastening direction, the depth of the receiving cavity is greater than the height of the protrusion, and the protrusion is located inside the receiving cavity; the fastening direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0009] In some possible implementations of this application, the first body includes multiple sidewalls that enclose and form a receiving cavity. A second welding groove is provided on the surface of the first sidewall away from the first acceleration half-cavity. The second welding groove corresponds to the first acceleration half-cavity and is used for welding a target. The first sidewall is perpendicular to a first direction. And / or, a third welding groove is provided on the surface of the second sidewall away from the first acceleration half-cavity. The third welding groove corresponds to the first acceleration half-cavity and is used for welding an adapter. The adapter is used to house an electron gun. The second sidewall is perpendicular to the first direction and is opposite to the first sidewall.

[0010] In some possible implementations of this application, the first body has multiple first tuning structures, each of which corresponds to an acceleration cavity spaced apart from each other; the second body has multiple second tuning structures, each of which corresponds to another acceleration cavity spaced apart from each other; and the acceleration cavities corresponding to the first tuning structures are adjacent to the acceleration cavities corresponding to the second tuning structures.

[0011] In some possible implementations of this application, the first body has a first input groove and a first output groove, the second body has a second input groove and a second output groove, the first input groove and the second input groove enclose to form a fourth welding groove that matches the input coupler; the first output groove and the second output groove enclose to form a fifth welding groove that matches the output coupler; the fourth welding groove and the fifth welding groove are located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides an acceleration tube, which includes: an input coupler, an output coupler, an adapter, a target, and an acceleration structure provided in any one of the first aspects; wherein, the input coupler is disposed on one side of the acceleration structure parallel to the first direction; the output coupler is disposed on the other side of the acceleration structure parallel to the first direction, and the output coupler and the input coupler are located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure; the adapter is disposed at one end of the acceleration structure perpendicular to the first direction, the adapter corresponds to the acceleration cavity, and the adapter is used to mount an electron gun; the target is disposed at the other end of the acceleration structure perpendicular to the first direction, and the target corresponds to the acceleration cavity.

[0013] The accelerating tube provided in this application includes the accelerating structure provided by any of the above, and the input coupler and output coupler are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the accelerating structure. This can reduce the size of the accelerating tube, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and weight reduction of the accelerating tube. It also makes it easier to install waveguides and the like on the accelerating tube, and facilitates the layout of the entire accelerating tube in X-ray devices and the like.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides an X-ray device, which includes an electron gun and the aforementioned accelerating tube; wherein the electron gun is used to generate electrons; and the electron gun is disposed on a connector of the accelerating tube.

[0015] The X-ray device provided in this application includes the aforementioned accelerating tube, which reduces the size of the accelerating tube, thereby miniaturizing and lightening it. This, in turn, makes the X-ray device smaller and lighter, facilitating its use.

[0016] Fourthly, this application provides a welding process for an accelerator tube. The welding process is used to process the accelerator tube provided in the second aspect above. The welding process includes: welding a first body and a second body with a first solder to form an acceleration structure; welding an input coupler and the acceleration structure with a second solder; welding an output coupler and the acceleration structure with a second solder; the melting point of the second solder is higher than that of the first solder.

[0017] The welding process for the accelerator tube provided in this application improves the sealing performance of the weld between the primary and secondary components by using a first solder with a lower melting point, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of the acceleration chamber formed between the primary and secondary components. Furthermore, using a second solder with a higher melting point to weld the input coupler, output coupler, and other components onto the acceleration structure helps to increase the vacuum level of the acceleration chamber, thus improving the quality of the accelerator tube. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the accelerator tube provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first body in the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first body in the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second body in the accelerator tube provided in this application; Figure 6 This is a side view of the accelerator tube provided in this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the welding process for the accelerator tube provided in this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Acceleration structure; 11-First body; 111-First acceleration half-cavity; 112-Welding structure; 113-First positioning structure; 114-First sidewall; 115-Second welding groove; 116-Second sidewall; 117-Third welding groove; 118-First tuning structure; 119-First input groove; 110-First output groove; 12-Second body; 121-Second acceleration half-cavity; 122-Welding surface; 123-Second positioning structure; 124-Second tuning structure; 125-Second input groove; 126-Second output groove; 127-Welding hole; 2-Input coupler; 21-Input coupling cavity; 22-First welding flash; 3-Output coupler; 31-Output coupling cavity; 32-Second welding flash; 4-Adapter; 5-Target; 6-Evacuation connector; X-Snapping direction; Y-Major axis direction; Z-First direction.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" mentioned above are only used to distinguish between different options and do not represent the degree of superiority or inferiority of the options or their priority in the implementation process. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0023] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are defined relative to the positions in which the components are schematically placed in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the position of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0025] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0027] X-ray devices mainly consist of components such as accelerating tubes, electron guns, magnetrons, waveguides, and targets. Accelerating tubes are relatively long, so their length needs to be shortened to reduce the overall size of the X-ray device. Since accelerating tubes are typically disk-loaded waveguides, reducing their size requires consideration of the accelerating tube's acceleration structure and welding process.

[0028] This application provides an acceleration structure that can reduce the size of the acceleration structure, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of the acceleration tube. (See also...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 1 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first body in the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 1 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first body in the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 2 , Figure 5 This is a side view of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second body in the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 2 The acceleration structure provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the examples in the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment includes: a first body 11 and a second body 12; wherein, the first body 11 has a plurality of first acceleration semi-cavities 111 arranged sequentially along a first direction Z; the second body 12 has a plurality of second acceleration semi-cavities 121 arranged sequentially along the first direction Z, and the plurality of second acceleration semi-cavities 121 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first acceleration semi-cavities 111; one of the first body 11 and the second body 12 has a welding structure 112, and the other of the first body 11 and the second body 12 has a welding surface 122 that matches the welding structure 112; the first body 11 and the second body 12 are welded and fixed by the welding structure 112 and the welding surface 122, and the corresponding first acceleration semi-cavities 111 and second acceleration semi-cavities 121 enclose each other to form a complete acceleration cavity.

[0030] In some embodiments, the accelerating structure 1 can be configured to include a first body 11 and a second body 12, and the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be fixed together to form an accelerating structure 1 capable of accelerating an electron beam. For example, both the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be made of metal materials such as stainless steel, and both the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be configured as cuboid structures, and the required structures can be processed on the first body 11 and the second body 12 respectively.

[0031] For example, multiple first acceleration semi-cavities 111 can be machined on the surface of the first body 11 facing the second body 12. These multiple first acceleration semi-cavities 111 can be semi-ellipsoidal grooves. The multiple first acceleration semi-cavities 111 are arranged sequentially on the first body 11 along the first direction Z (the length direction of the first body 11). Semi-circular through holes can be provided on the cavity walls of two adjacent first acceleration semi-cavities 111 to allow communication between adjacent first acceleration semi-cavities 111 along the first direction Z through the through holes. For example, sixteen semi-ellipsoidal first acceleration semi-cavities 111 can be provided on the first body 11, with the minor axis of each first acceleration semi-cavity 111 being less than half the major axis. For instance, the major axis range of each semi-ellipsoidal first acceleration semi-cavity 111 can be set to 15.67 mm to 16.47 mm, and the minor axis range of each semi-ellipsoidal first acceleration semi-cavity 111 can be set to 3 mm to 5.6 mm, so that the first acceleration semi-cavities 111 become semi-ellipsoidal grooves with a flattening greater than 0.6426 and less than 0.8179.

[0032] In another example, multiple second acceleration cavities 121 can be machined on the surface of the second body 12 facing the first body 11. These multiple second acceleration cavities 121 can be semi-ellipsoidal grooves identical to the first acceleration cavities 111. The multiple second acceleration cavities 121 are arranged sequentially along the first direction Z on the second body 12. Semi-circular through holes can be provided on the cavity walls of adjacent second acceleration cavities 121 to allow communication between adjacent second acceleration cavities 121 along the first direction Z. The second acceleration cavities 121 on the second body 12 correspond one-to-one with the first acceleration cavities 111 on the first body 11, and the corresponding second acceleration cavities 121 have the same structure as the first acceleration cavities 111. For example, the corresponding second acceleration cavities 121 and the first acceleration cavities 111 can be set as mirror-symmetrical structures. For instance, sixteen semi-ellipsoidal second acceleration cavities 121 can be provided on the second body 12, with the minor axis of each second acceleration cavity 121 being less than half the major axis. For example, the major axis of each semi-ellipsoidal second acceleration half-cavity 121 is set to range from 15.67 mm to 16.47 mm, and the minor axis of each semi-ellipsoidal second acceleration half-cavity 121 is set to range from 3 mm to 5.6 mm, so that the second acceleration half-cavity 121 becomes a semi-ellipsoidal groove with a flattening greater than 0.6426 and less than 0.8179. In this way, after the first body 11 and the second body 12 are stacked along the fastening direction X, the corresponding second acceleration half-cavities 121 and first acceleration half-cavities 111 can be enclosed to form a complete ellipsoidal acceleration cavity.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be welded together by a welding process. For example, matching welding structures 112 and welding surfaces 122 can be respectively provided on the opposite surfaces of the first body 11 and the second body 12 to weld and fix the first body 11 and the second body 12 together by welding structures 112 and welding surfaces 122.

[0034] For example, a welding structure 112 can be provided on the surface of the first body 11 facing the second body 12 along the fastening direction X, and correspondingly, a welding surface 122 can be provided on the surface of the second body 12 facing the first body 11 along the fastening direction X. Alternatively, a welding surface 122 can be provided on the surface of the first body 11 facing the second body 12 along the fastening direction X, and correspondingly, a welding structure 112 can be provided on the surface of the second body 12 facing the first body 11 along the fastening direction X. The welding structure 112 and the welding surface 122 can respectively surround all the first acceleration half-cavities 111 and all the second acceleration half-cavities 121, and the two opposing surfaces of the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be welded together by planar welding through the welding structure 112 and the welding surface 122, so that all the first acceleration half-cavities 111 and all the second acceleration half-cavities 121 are located in a closed environment.

[0035] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment includes a first body 11 and a second body 12. Corresponding first acceleration semi-cavities 111 and 121 can be machined on the first body 11 and the second body 12 respectively, facilitating the machining of the first acceleration semi-cavities 111 and 121 and reducing machining difficulty. Furthermore, welding structures 112 and welding surfaces 122 are respectively provided on the first body 11 and the second body 12, facilitating the welding of the first body 11 and the second body 12 into a single unit through a single welding operation. This allows the corresponding first acceleration semi-cavities 111 and 121 to enclose and form a complete acceleration cavity. In this way, by providing welding grooves or similar features on the first body 11 and the second body 12 that match other components of the acceleration tube, other components of the acceleration tube can be fixedly connected to the acceleration structure 1 by welding. Compared to disk-loaded waveguides in related technologies, the acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment can reduce the overall size of the acceleration tube, which is beneficial for miniaturization and weight reduction of the acceleration tube.

[0036] In some possible embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the welding structure 112 includes at least two first welding grooves disposed on the first body 11. The at least two first welding grooves are distributed on both sides of the first acceleration half-cavity 111 along the long axis direction Y. The second body 12 has a welding surface 122 corresponding to each first welding groove. Along the first direction Z, the length of the first welding groove and the welding surface 122 are both greater than or equal to the length of the portion where the multiple first acceleration half-cavities 111 are located. The long axis direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0037] In some embodiments, the welding structure 112 may be configured to include a plurality of first welding grooves, and the welding surface 122 may be configured as a plane corresponding to the first welding grooves. For example, the first welding groove may be configured as a groove with an approximately "U" shaped cross-section.

[0038] For example, along the major axis direction Y of the first acceleration half-cavity 111, first welding grooves can be provided on both sides of the first acceleration half-cavity 111 of the first body 11. For instance, one first welding groove can be provided on one side of the first acceleration half-cavity 111, and two first welding grooves can be provided on the other side of the first acceleration half-cavity 111; or, two first welding grooves can be provided on each side of the first acceleration half-cavity 111, and the first welding grooves on both sides of the first acceleration half-cavity 111 can extend along the first direction Z, and the length of all the first welding grooves extending along the first direction Z is greater than the sum of the lengths of all the first acceleration half-cavities 111 along the first direction Z. Alternatively, first welding grooves can be provided at both ends of the first acceleration half-cavity 111 along the first direction Z, that is, at least two first welding grooves extending along the major axis direction Y can be provided, so that four first welding grooves surrounding all the first acceleration half-cavities 111 can be connected end to end in sequence to surround all the first acceleration half-cavities 111. Correspondingly, a welding surface 122 corresponding to each first welding groove can be provided on the surface of the second body 12 facing the first body 11, or the entire surface of the second body 12 facing the first body 11 can be set as a flat welding surface 122. Then, the edge of the first welding groove and the corresponding welding surface 122 can be welded and fixed by welding, such as using a low-temperature solder with a low melting point.

[0039] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment has multiple first welding grooves on the first body 11, which serve as welding structures 112, and a welding surface 122 corresponding to the first welding grooves on the second body 12. During the welding process of the first body 11 and the second body 12, molten metal can flow in the first welding grooves, thereby controlling the molten pool and ensuring that the weld metal uniformly fills the weld, thus improving the weld strength and sealing performance. Furthermore, the length of the first welding grooves and the welding surface 122 along the first direction Z is greater than the length of the portion where all the first acceleration half-cavities 111 are located, so that the weld between the first body 11 and the second body 12 can surround all acceleration cavities, thereby improving the sealing performance of the acceleration cavities.

[0040] In some possible embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first body 11 also has a first positioning structure 113, and the second body 12 has a second positioning structure 123 that matches the first positioning structure 113. The first positioning structure 113 and the second positioning structure 123 cooperate to limit the relative position of the first body 11 and the second body 12.

[0041] In some embodiments, matching positioning structures can be provided on the first body 11 and the second body 12 respectively, so as to limit the relative position of the first body 11 and the second body 12 by the cooperation of the positioning structures. For example, a first positioning structure 113 can be provided on the first body 11, and a second positioning structure 123 matching the first positioning structure 113 can be provided on the second body 12.

[0042] For example, positioning posts serving as the first positioning structure 113 can be provided on the surface of the first body 11 facing the second body 12. Correspondingly, positioning holes matching the positioning posts can be provided on the surface of the second body 12 facing the first body 11. For instance, at least two positioning posts can be provided on the first body 11, and positioning holes matching each positioning post can be provided on the second body 12. The positioning posts can then be inserted into the positioning holes along the engagement direction X to restrict the relative movement of the first body 11 and the second body 12 along the first direction Z and the major axis direction Y.

[0043] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment has corresponding first positioning structure 113 and second positioning mechanism respectively provided on the first body 11 and the second body 12. During the welding process of the first body 11 and the second body 12, the relative movement of the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be restricted by the cooperation of the first positioning structure 113 and the second positioning structure 123. This can restrict the first body 11 and the second body 12 to a uniquely determined position, thereby improving the accuracy of the docking of the corresponding first acceleration half cavity 111 and the second acceleration half cavity 121, which is beneficial to improving the structural accuracy of the acceleration structure 1.

[0044] In some possible embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first positioning structure 113 includes a receiving cavity formed on the first body 11. Along the fastening direction X between the second body 12 and the first body 11, the first acceleration half-cavity 111 and the welding structure 112 are both disposed on the bottom wall of the receiving cavity. The second positioning structure 123 includes a protrusion formed on the second body 12. The protrusion matches the receiving cavity. The second acceleration half-cavity 121 and the welding surface 122 are both disposed on the protrusion. Along the fastening direction X, the depth of the receiving cavity is greater than the height of the protrusion, and the protrusion is located inside the receiving cavity. The fastening direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first positioning structure 113 and the second positioning structure 123 on the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be configured as a structure of matching grooves and protrusions, so as to restrict the movement of the first body 11 and the second body 12 in three mutually perpendicular directions by the cooperation of the protrusions and grooves.

[0046] For example, an approximately rectangular receiving cavity can be provided on the first body 11, which can be a groove formed by recessing from the first body 11 along the fastening direction X. Correspondingly, a cuboid protrusion matching the rectangular receiving cavity can be provided on the second body 12, which can be a cuboid protrusion formed by cutting the second body 12 around the fastening direction X.

[0047] In another example, the first acceleration half-cavity 111 and the welding structure 112 can both be disposed on the bottom wall of the receiving cavity on the first body 11. The bottom wall of the receiving cavity is a wall surface on the first body 11 that encloses the receiving cavity and is perpendicular to the fastening direction X. The second acceleration half-cavity 121 and the welding surface 122 can both be disposed on the surface of the protrusion on the second body 12 that is perpendicular to the fastening direction X. Along the fastening direction X, the depth of the receiving cavity can be set to be greater than or equal to the height of the protrusion. The depth of the receiving cavity is the distance from the bottom wall of the receiving cavity to the opening of the receiving cavity. For example, the depth of the receiving cavity can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, or 2 mm greater than the height of the protrusion. The protrusion can then be inserted into the receiving cavity to limit the relative position of the first body 11 and the second body 12, and the protrusion can be tightly fitted to the bottom wall of the receiving cavity along the fastening direction X.

[0048] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment has a receiving cavity on the first body 11 serving as a first positioning structure 113, and a protrusion on the second body 12 serving as a second positioning structure 123. Positioning of the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be achieved by inserting the protrusion into the receiving cavity. Furthermore, the depth of the receiving cavity is greater than the height of the protrusion, allowing the protrusion to fit tightly against the bottom wall of the receiving cavity. This ensures that the walls of the corresponding first acceleration half-cavity 111 and second acceleration half-cavity 121 are in close contact, which improves the sealing performance and structural accuracy of the acceleration cavity formed by the first acceleration half-cavity 111 and the second acceleration half-cavity 121.

[0049] In some possible embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a side view of the accelerator tube provided in this application, as shown in the diagram. Figure 2 , Figure 3 ,and Figure 6 As shown, the first body 11 includes multiple sidewalls that enclose and form a receiving cavity. The surface of the first sidewall 114, which is away from the first acceleration half-cavity 111, is provided with a second welding groove 115. The second welding groove 115 corresponds to the first acceleration half-cavity 111 and is used to weld the target 5. The first sidewall 114 is perpendicular to the first direction Z. The surface of the second sidewall 116, which is away from the first acceleration half-cavity 111, is provided with a third welding groove 117. The third welding groove 117 corresponds to the first acceleration half-cavity 111 and is used to weld the adapter 4. The adapter 4 is used to house the electron gun. The second sidewall 116 is perpendicular to the first direction Z and is opposite to the first sidewall 114.

[0050] In some embodiments, when a receiving cavity is provided on the first body 11, a plurality of sidewalls can be formed around the first body 11, and the receiving cavity is formed by the plurality of sidewalls and a bottom wall. For example, structures for mounting other components can be provided on the first sidewall 114 and the second sidewall 116, which are perpendicular to the first direction Z, to facilitate the assembly of other components with the acceleration structure 1.

[0051] For example, the target 5 can be mounted on the first sidewall 114. A second welding groove 115 can be provided on the surface of the first sidewall 114 away from the first accelerating half-cavity 111, that is, a second welding groove 115 matching the target 5 can be provided on the outer surface of the first sidewall 114. For example, if the target 5 is cylindrical, the second welding groove 115 can be configured as a two-part structure. That is, a cylindrical groove matching the target 5 can be provided on the first sidewall 114, and an annular groove can be provided at the bottom of the cylindrical groove. The circular groove and the annular groove can together serve as the second welding groove 115. The second welding groove 115 corresponds to the first accelerating half-cavity 111. A through hole can be provided at the bottom of the second welding groove 115, allowing the accelerating cavity to communicate with the inside of the second welding groove 115 through the through hole. This allows electrons to pass through the accelerating cavity and reach the target 5 welded within the second welding groove 115.

[0052] In another example, an adapter 4 for mounting the electron gun can be provided on a second sidewall 116 opposite to the first sidewall 114. A third welding groove 117 can then be provided on the surface of the second sidewall 116 away from the first acceleration chamber 111; that is, a third welding groove 117 matching the adapter 4 can be provided on the outer surface of the second sidewall 116. For example, if the portion connecting the adapter 4 to the second sidewall 116 is cylindrical, the third welding groove 117 can be set as an annular groove matching the cylindrical portion. The third welding groove 117 corresponds to the first acceleration chamber 111, and a through hole can be provided at the bottom of the third welding groove 117 so that electrons generated by the electron gun can reach the acceleration chamber through this through hole. The cylindrical portion of the adapter 4 can be inserted into the third welding groove 117, and the adapter 4 can be welded and fixed to the second sidewall 116.

[0053] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment has a second welding groove 115 on the first sidewall 114, which facilitates the welding and fixing of the target 5 to the first body 11 through the second welding groove 115. Furthermore, a third welding groove 117 is provided on the second sidewall 116, which facilitates the welding and fixing of the adapter 4 to the first body 11 through the third welding groove 117. The target 5 and the adapter 4 can also seal both ends of the acceleration cavity along the first direction Z, which helps improve the sealing performance of the acceleration cavity.

[0054] In some possible embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the accelerator tube provided in this application. Figure 2 like Figure 7 As shown, the first body 11 has a plurality of first tuning structures 118, each of which corresponds to an acceleration cavity spaced apart. The second body 12 has a plurality of second tuning structures 124, each of which corresponds to another acceleration cavity spaced apart. The acceleration cavity corresponding to the first tuning structure is adjacent to the acceleration cavity corresponding to the second tuning structure 124.

[0055] In some embodiments, a tuning structure can be provided on the acceleration structure 1 to control the distribution of the electromagnetic field in the acceleration cavity, so that the electrons can obtain a uniform and stable acceleration force in the acceleration cavity.

[0056] For example, a portion of the tuning structures can be disposed on the first body 11, and another portion on the second body 12. For instance, in the case where the acceleration structure 1 has sixteen acceleration cavities, eight first tuning structures 118 can be disposed on the first body 11, and eight second tuning structures 124 can be disposed on the second body 12. Along the first direction Z, from the third welding groove 117 to the second welding groove 115, the eight first tuning structures 118 can be spaced apart on the first body 11, with each first tuning structure 118 corresponding to an acceleration cavity spaced apart. Similarly, the eight second tuning structures 124 can be spaced apart on the second body 12, with each second tuning structure 124 corresponding to an acceleration cavity spaced apart, and the acceleration cavities corresponding to the first tuning structures 118 and the second tuning structures 124 are adjacent. For example, the eight first tuning structures 118 can correspond to the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, thirteenth, fifteenth, and seventeenth accelerating cavities that are spaced apart, respectively, while the eight second tuning structures 124 can correspond to the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, twelfth, fourteenth, sixteenth, and eighteenth accelerating cavities that are spaced apart, respectively.

[0057] In another example, the first tuning structure 118 and the second tuning structure 124 can be disposed on opposite sides of the first body 11 and the second body 12, so that there is a greater distance between the first tuning structure 118 and the second tuning structure 124.

[0058] In another example, multiple acceleration cavities can be configured as ellipsoidal cavities of different sizes. For instance, the major axes of the multiple acceleration cavities can be made the same or nearly the same, such as setting the major axis of each acceleration cavity to 15.67 mm to 16.47 mm. The minor axes of the multiple acceleration cavities can be made to gradually change sequentially along the first direction Z. For example, from the direction from the third welding groove 117 to the second welding groove 115, the minor axes of the sixteen acceleration cavities can be gradually reduced. The minor axis of the acceleration cavity closest to the third welding groove 117 can be set to 5.6 mm, the minor axis of the acceleration cavity closest to the second welding groove 115 can be set to 3 mm, and the minor axes of the other acceleration cavities can be set to be greater than 3 mm and less than 5.6 mm. Correspondingly, the first tuning structure 118 and the second tuning structure 124 can be configured to match the size of the acceleration cavities.

[0059] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment has a first tuning structure 118 on the first body 11 and a second tuning structure 124 on the second body 12. The first tuning structure 118 and the second tuning structure 124 are respectively positioned to correspond to acceleration cavities spaced apart. This allows for a greater distance between the first tuning structure 118 and the second tuning structure 124. It also allows for a larger spacing between adjacent first tuning structures 118 along the first direction Z and between adjacent second tuning structures 124 along the first direction Z. This reduces the influence between adjacent first tuning structures 118 and adjacent second tuning structures 124, thereby improving the stability of the acceleration structure 1.

[0060] In some possible embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first body 11 has a first input groove 119 and a first output groove 110, and the second body 12 has a second input groove 125 and a second output groove 126. The first input groove 119 and the second input groove 125 enclose to form a fourth welding groove that matches the input coupler 2; the first output groove 110 and the second output groove 126 enclose to form a fifth welding groove that matches the output coupler 3; the fourth welding groove and the fifth welding groove are located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure 1.

[0061] In some embodiments, corresponding mounting structures can be provided on the first body 11 and the second body 12 respectively, so as to facilitate the mounting of other components of the acceleration tube on the acceleration structure 1. For example, structures for mounting the input coupler 2 and the output coupler 3 can be provided on the acceleration structure 1 respectively.

[0062] For example, a first input groove 119 can be provided on the first body 11, that is, the first input groove 119 can be provided on a side wall of the first body 11 parallel to the first direction Z, and the first input groove 119 can extend along the long axis direction Y to communicate with the first acceleration half cavity 111 closest to the third welding groove 117. Correspondingly, a second input groove 125 matching the first input groove 119 can be provided on the second body 12, that is, the second input groove 125 can be provided on the protrusion of the second body 12 along the long axis direction Y, and the second input groove 125 can extend along the long axis direction Y to communicate with the second acceleration half cavity 121 closest to the third welding groove 117. In this way, after the first body 11 and the second body 12 are fastened and welded together, the first input groove 119 and the second input groove 125 can be surrounded to form a fourth welding groove. The shape of the fourth welding groove matches the shape of the input coupler 2, so that the input coupler 2 can be welded and fixed to the acceleration structure 1 through the fourth welding groove.

[0063] In another example, a first output groove 110 can be provided on the first body 11, that is, the first output groove 110 can be provided on the other side wall of the first body 11 parallel to the first direction Z, and the first output groove 110 can extend along the long axis direction Y to communicate with the first acceleration half cavity 111 closest to the second welding groove 115. Correspondingly, a second output groove 126 matching the first output groove 110 can be provided on the second body 12, that is, the second output groove 126 can be provided on the protrusion of the second body 12 along the long axis direction Y, and the second output groove 126 can extend along the long axis direction Y to communicate with the second acceleration half cavity 121 closest to the second welding groove 115. In this way, after the first body 11 and the second body 12 are fastened and welded together, the first output groove 110 and the second output groove 126 can be made to form a fifth welding groove. The shape of the fifth welding groove matches the shape of the output coupler 3, so that the input coupler 2 can be welded and fixed to the acceleration structure 1 through the fifth welding groove.

[0064] In another example, a structure for mounting the air extraction connector 6 can be provided on the second body 12. For instance, a welding hole 127 penetrating the second body 12 can be provided along the engagement direction X. The welding hole 127 can communicate with the second input groove. The welding hole 127 can be set as a circular through hole that matches the air extraction connector 6, so that the air extraction connector 6 can be welded and fixed to the acceleration structure 1 through the welding hole 127.

[0065] The acceleration structure 1 provided in this application embodiment has a first input groove 119 and a second input groove 125, which can be enclosed by the first input groove 119 and the second input groove 125 to form a fourth welding groove that matches the input coupler 2, thereby facilitating the welding of the input coupler 2 to the acceleration structure 1 through the fourth welding groove. Furthermore, the first body 11 and the second body 12 have a first output groove 110 and a second output groove 126, which can be enclosed by the first output groove 110 and the second output groove 126 to form a fifth welding groove that matches the output coupler 3, thereby facilitating the welding of the output coupler 3 to the acceleration structure 1 through the fifth welding groove. This improves the sealing performance of the connection between the input coupler 2 and the output coupler 3 and the acceleration structure 1. Simultaneously, the fourth welding groove and the fifth welding groove are located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure 1, facilitating the welding of the input coupler 2 and the output coupler 3, and reducing interference between various components.

[0066] In addition, embodiments of this application provide an accelerating tube, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the accelerating tube includes: an input coupler 2, an output coupler 3, a connector 4, a target 5, and an accelerating structure 1 provided in any of the above embodiments; wherein, the input coupler 2 is disposed on one side of the accelerating structure 1 parallel to the first direction Z; the output coupler 3 is disposed on the other side of the accelerating structure 1 parallel to the first direction Z, and the output coupler 3 and the input coupler 2 are located on opposite sides of the accelerating structure 1; the connector 4 is disposed at one end of the accelerating structure 1 perpendicular to the first direction Z, and the connector 4 corresponds to the accelerating cavity, and the connector 4 is used to set the electron gun; the target 5 is disposed at the other end of the accelerating structure 1 perpendicular to the first direction Z, and the target 5 corresponds to the accelerating cavity.

[0067] In some embodiments, an input coupler 2, an output coupler 3, an adapter 4, and a target 5 can be arranged in the accelerating tube. The input coupler 2 can efficiently and stably introduce external signals or energy into the accelerating cavity, achieving signal isolation, impedance matching, and power distribution. The output coupler 3 can isolate high-voltage circuits from other devices and achieve efficient signal or energy transmission. The adapter 4 can be used to mount the electron gun on the accelerating tube, and the target 5 can generate X-rays, etc.

[0068] For example, the input coupler 2 can be configured to include an input coupling cavity 21 and a first welding flash 22. The input coupling cavity 21 matches the fourth welding groove, and the input coupling cavity 21 can be welded and fixed to the fourth welding groove. The first welding flash 22 is fixed to the end of the input coupling cavity 21 away from the acceleration structure 1. The first welding flash 22 can be configured to have an approximately disc-shaped structure, and the first welding flash 22 can be welded and fixed to the input waveguide window, etc.

[0069] In another example, the output coupler 3 can be configured to include an output coupling cavity 31 and a second welding flash 32. The output coupling cavity 31 matches the fifth welding groove, and the output coupling cavity 31 can be welded and fixed to the fifth welding groove. The second welding flash 32 is fixed to the end of the output coupling cavity 31 away from the acceleration structure 1. The second welding flash 32 can be configured as an approximately disk-shaped structure, and the second welding flash 32 can be welded and fixed to the waveguide. The output coupler 3 and the input coupler 2 can be located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure 1, and respectively at both ends of the acceleration structure 1 along the first direction Z. The first welding flash 22 and the second welding flash 32 are respectively provided on the input coupler 2 and the output coupler 3, which can ensure the stability of the operating environment of the acceleration tube.

[0070] In another example, one part of the adapter 4 can be configured to match the third welding groove 117, and the other part of the adapter 4 can be configured to match the electron gun. The adapter 4 can be welded into the third welding groove 117, and the electron gun can be fixed to the accelerating tube via the adapter 4. For example, the electron gun can be welded to the adapter 4 using welding processes such as argon arc welding.

[0071] In another example, the target can be made of metals such as molybdenum, rhodium, or tungsten. The target can be configured to match the structure of the second welding groove 115, allowing it to be welded and fixed within the second welding groove 115. The adapter 4 and the target can be located on two end faces of the acceleration structure 1 perpendicular to the first direction Z. Through the settings in the above embodiments, the overall structural dimensions of the acceleration tube provided in this application can be within the range of: length less than or equal to 140mm, width less than or equal to 70mm, and height less than or equal to 70mm. By selecting the materials, the overall weight of the acceleration tube can be less than or equal to 1.5kg.

[0072] The accelerating tube provided in this application includes the accelerating structure 1 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the input coupler 2 and the output coupler 3 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the accelerating structure 1. This can reduce the size of the accelerating tube, which is beneficial for miniaturization and weight reduction of the accelerating tube. It also makes it easier to install waveguides and the like on the accelerating tube, and facilitates the layout of the entire accelerating tube in X-ray devices and the like.

[0073] This application also provides an X-ray device, which includes an electron gun and an accelerating tube provided in the above embodiment; wherein the electron gun is used to generate electrons; the electron gun is disposed on the adapter 4 of the accelerating tube.

[0074] In some embodiments, the electron gun of the X-ray device can be a directly heated cathode electron gun or an indirect heated cathode electron gun. The structure of the portion of the adapter 4 that mounts the electron gun can be configured according to the structure of the electron gun, so as to facilitate mounting the electron gun on the adapter 4 and placing the electron gun on the accelerating tube provided in the above embodiment. After the electron beam generated by the electron gun is accelerated by the accelerating structure 1, the electron beam strikes the target 5, thereby generating an X-ray beam, which can be used to sterilize or detect items.

[0075] The X-ray device provided in this application includes the accelerating tube provided in the above embodiments. Therefore, the structure of the accelerating tube can be reduced, thereby miniaturizing and lightening the accelerating tube, which in turn can make the X-ray device miniaturized and lightened, facilitating the use of the X-ray device.

[0076] This application embodiment also provides a welding process for an accelerator tube, which is used to process the accelerator tube provided in the above embodiments, referring to... Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the welding process for the accelerator tube provided in this application. This welding process can be achieved through steps S101 to S103, as described below. Figure 8 The examples in the text will be used to illustrate this.

[0077] S101. The first body and the second body are welded together with the first solder to form an acceleration structure.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be machined using a machine tool such as a five-axis milling machine to machine large rectangular receiving cavities and protrusions on the first body 11 and the second body 12. The first body 11 and the second body 12 can be positioned using large flat surfaces on the first body 11 and the second body 12, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the first acceleration half-cavity 111 and the second acceleration half-cavity 121. After the machining of the first body 11 and the second body 12 is completed, the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be welded together using the welding structure 112 and the welding surface 122.

[0079] For example, a first solder with a low melting point can be used to weld the first body 11 and the second body 12 together in one step through the welding structure 112 and the welding surface 122, thereby fixing the first body 11 and the second body 12 into one piece. This can reduce the risk of gaps forming in the acceleration cavity between the first body 11 and the second body 12. For example, the first solder can be a tin-bismuth alloy solder with a melting point below 200°C.

[0080] S102, The input coupler and the acceleration structure are welded together using a second solder.

[0081] In some embodiments, after the first body 11 and the second body 12 are welded together to form an integral acceleration structure 1, the input coupler 2 can be welded and fixed to the acceleration structure 1 via a fourth welding groove on the acceleration structure 1. A second solder with a high melting point can be used to weld the input coupler 2 and the acceleration structure 1. For example, a second solder containing a tin-silver-copper alloy with a melting point higher than 200°C can be used to weld the input coupler 2 and the acceleration structure 1.

[0082] S103, The output coupler and the acceleration structure are welded by a second solder; the melting point of the second solder is higher than that of the first solder.

[0083] In some embodiments, after the input coupler 2 and the acceleration structure 1 are welded, the output coupler 3 can be welded and fixed to the acceleration structure 1 via a fifth welding groove on the acceleration structure 1. The same solder used to weld the input coupler 2 can be used to weld the output coupler 3 and the acceleration structure 1. For example, a second solder containing a tin-silver-copper alloy with a melting point higher than 200°C can be used to weld the output coupler 3 and the acceleration structure 1.

[0084] For example, the air extraction connector 6, the target 5, the adapter 4, etc. can all be welded onto the acceleration structure 1 using a second solder with a high melting point.

[0085] The welding process of the accelerator tube provided in this application improves the sealing performance of the weld between the first body 11 and the second body 12 by using a first solder with a lower melting point, thereby improving the sealing performance of the acceleration cavity formed between the first body 11 and the second body 12. Furthermore, using a second solder with a higher melting point to weld the input coupler 2, output coupler 3, etc., onto the acceleration structure 1 helps to increase the vacuum level of the acceleration cavity, thus improving the quality of the accelerator tube.

[0086] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and scope of this application are included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An acceleration structure, characterized in that, The acceleration structure includes: A first body, having a plurality of first acceleration semi-cavities arranged sequentially along a first direction; The second body has a plurality of second acceleration semi-cavities arranged sequentially along the first direction, and the plurality of second acceleration semi-cavities correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first acceleration semi-cavities; one of the first body and the second body has a welding structure, and the other of the first body and the second body has a welding surface that matches the welding structure; the first body and the second body are welded and fixed by the welding structure and the welding surface, and the corresponding first acceleration semi-cavities and second acceleration semi-cavities enclose each other to form a complete acceleration cavity.

2. The acceleration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding structure includes at least two first welding grooves disposed on the first body, the at least two first welding grooves being distributed on both sides of the first acceleration half-cavity along the long axis direction of the first acceleration half-cavity, and the second body having a welding surface corresponding to each of the first welding grooves; along the first direction, the length of the first welding grooves and the welding surface are both greater than or equal to the length of the portion where the plurality of first acceleration half-cavities are located; the long axis direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The acceleration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first body also has a first positioning structure, and the second body has a second positioning structure that matches the first positioning structure. The first positioning structure and the second positioning structure cooperate to limit the relative position of the first body and the second body.

4. The acceleration structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first positioning structure includes a receiving cavity formed on the first body, and along the fastening direction between the second body and the first body, the first accelerating half-cavity and the welding structure are both disposed on the bottom wall of the receiving cavity; the second positioning structure includes a protrusion formed on the second body, the protrusion matching the receiving cavity, and the second accelerating half-cavity and the welding surface both disposed on the protrusion; along the fastening direction, the depth of the receiving cavity is greater than the height of the protrusion, and the protrusion is located inside the receiving cavity; the fastening direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

5. The acceleration structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first body includes multiple sidewalls that enclose and form a receiving cavity. A second welding groove is provided on the surface of the first sidewall away from the first acceleration half-cavity. The second welding groove corresponds to the first acceleration half-cavity and is used to weld the target. The first sidewall is perpendicular to the first direction. And / or, a third welding groove is provided on the surface of the second sidewall of the plurality of sidewalls away from the first acceleration half-cavity, the third welding groove is opposite to the first acceleration half-cavity, the third welding groove is used to weld the adapter, the adapter is used to set the electron gun, the second sidewall is perpendicular to the first direction and opposite to the first sidewall.

6. The acceleration structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first body has a plurality of first tuning structures, each of which corresponds to an acceleration cavity spaced apart. The second body has a plurality of second tuning structures, each of which corresponds to another acceleration cavity spaced apart. The acceleration cavity corresponding to the first tuning structure is adjacent to the acceleration cavity corresponding to the second tuning structure.

7. The acceleration structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first body has a first input groove and a first output groove, and the second body has a second input groove and a second output groove. The first input groove and the second input groove enclose each other to form a fourth welding groove that matches the input coupler. The first output groove and the second output groove enclose each other to form a fifth welding groove that matches the output coupler. The fourth welding groove and the fifth welding groove are located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure.

8. An accelerating tube, characterized in that, The acceleration tube includes: The acceleration structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7; An input coupler is disposed on the side of the acceleration structure parallel to the first direction; An output coupler is disposed on the side of the acceleration structure parallel to the first direction, and the output coupler and the input coupler are located on opposite sides of the acceleration structure. An adapter is disposed at one end of the acceleration structure perpendicular to the first direction, the adapter corresponds to the acceleration cavity, and the adapter is used to mount the electron gun; The target is disposed at the other end of the acceleration structure perpendicular to the first direction, and the target corresponds to the acceleration cavity.

9. An X-ray device, characterized in that, The X-ray device includes: An electron gun, used to generate electrons; The accelerating tube of claim 8, wherein the electron gun is disposed on the adapter of the accelerating tube.

10. A welding process for an accelerator tube, characterized in that, The welding process is used to process the accelerating tube according to claim 8, and the welding process includes: The first body and the second body are welded together using a first solder to form an acceleration structure; The input coupler is connected to the acceleration structure by welding a second solder; The output coupler is welded to the acceleration structure using a second solder; the melting point of the second solder is higher than that of the first solder.

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