Separation and recovery equipment for selenium and mercury in acid mud and recovery method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of selenium and mercury separation and recovery equipment, in particular to equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury in acid mud and a recovery method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a microwave reaction kettle, wherein a plurality of layers of clapboards for bearing acid mud and a discharging mechanism for driving the clapboards to lift and turn over in sequence are arranged in the microwave reaction kettle. Acid mud is fed through a feeding pipe, is flatly laid on each layer of partition plate and is heated by microwave energy in a vacuum environment, so that mercury and selenium are gasified step by step, and a gasified product is led out through an exhaust pipe and is condensed and recycled. And the treated residues are discharged in a manner of sequentially lifting and overturning the partition plates. The problem that the heat and mass transfer efficiency of a thick material layer is low is solved through thin layer heating, motion interference of a multi-layer structure is avoided through sequential overturning, and efficient and clean recovery of selenium and mercury and intensification of equipment are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of selenium and mercury separation and recovery equipment, and in particular to a selenium and mercury separation and recovery equipment and method for acid sludge. Background Technology

[0002] Acid sludge is a hazardous solid waste rich in valuable elements such as selenium and mercury, generated during the smelting of non-ferrous metals. Current technologies for treating acid sludge often suffer from problems such as incomplete recovery, high energy consumption, and secondary pollution. Particularly when using heating methods to recover selenium and mercury, simply piling the acid sludge into a thick layer inside the reactor results in severely uneven heating due to the limited microwave penetration. The surface material is prone to overheating and crusting, while the inner layer suffers from insufficient heating, leading to incomplete volatilization and ultimately low selenium and mercury recovery rates. Furthermore, if a multi-layered support structure is used to improve heating efficiency, during the unloading stage, if the spacing between layers is small and simultaneous unloading is attempted, adjacent partitions are prone to movement interference. This forces a larger interlayer spacing, reducing equipment space utilization and increasing equipment size and manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology by proposing a selenium and mercury separation and recovery device and method in acid mud that prevents uneven heating, low volatilization efficiency, and easy crusting caused by excessively thick material layers, while improving the space utilization of the equipment through a compact structural design.

[0004] On the one hand, this application proposes a selenium and mercury separation and recovery device in acid sludge, including a microwave reactor, multiple partitions installed inside the microwave reactor for carrying acid sludge, each partition including a plate body and a discharge hole provided on the plate body, a baffle fixedly installed on the edge of the plate body, and a retaining ring fixedly installed on the plate body and around the discharge hole, which is lower than the baffle.

[0005] The lifting and flipping component installed inside the microwave reactor drives multiple partitions to rise and flip sequentially from top to bottom.

[0006] Optionally, the lifting and tilting component includes a support plate fixedly installed inside the microwave reactor and a sliding groove provided on the support plate. Connecting shafts are fixedly installed on both sides of the plate, and sliders that are slidably connected to the sliding groove are installed on the connecting shafts.

[0007] Optionally, a gear is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft, and a rack meshing with the gear is fixedly installed inside the support plate.

[0008] Optionally, the lifting and tilting component includes a power mechanism for sequentially lifting multiple plates. The power mechanism includes multiple sliding rods slidably installed inside the microwave reactor. Each sliding rod corresponds to a plate and is connected to it via a traction rod. A connecting plate is fixedly installed at one end of each sliding rod, and a vertical rod is fixedly installed on the connecting plate. A rotating cylinder is rotatably installed inside the microwave reactor, and the rotating cylinder is provided with a sliding groove that is slidably connected to the multiple vertical rods.

[0009] Optionally, the slide groove includes a first slide groove at the bottom of the rotating drum and a second slide groove at the top of the rotating drum. A third slide groove is inclinedly provided on the rotating drum to connect the first slide groove and the second slide groove. A rolling element that is rotatably connected to the first slide groove, the second slide groove and the third slide groove is rotatably mounted on the upright.

[0010] Optionally, a motor is fixedly installed on the microwave reactor, and the output shaft of the motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the main rotating drum.

[0011] Optionally, the plate is fixedly equipped with connecting ears that connect to the traction rod, and the connecting ears on multiple plates from top to bottom are arranged in a spiral.

[0012] Optionally, a feed pipe, an exhaust pipe, and multiple microwave feed pipes are fixedly installed on the microwave reactor, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are fixedly installed on the microwave reactor.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom of the microwave reactor is provided with a discharge port, and a rotary valve is fixedly installed on the discharge port.

[0014] On the other hand, this application proposes a method for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge, applied to the above-mentioned equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge. The method includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: The pretreated acid sludge is fed into the microwave reactor through the feed pipe. The acid sludge flows layer by layer from top to bottom through each partition and is controlled by the feed holes and baffles on them, eventually forming a uniform thin layer on multiple partitions.

[0016] Step 2: Close the feed inlet, evacuate the reactor to the required vacuum level through the extraction pipe, then apply microwave energy through the microwave feed tube and heat up according to the preset program to decompose and vaporize the mercury and selenium compounds in the acid sludge in stages.

[0017] Step 3: The mercury vapor and selenium vapor generated by vaporization are driven by the vacuum negative pressure inside the reactor and transported to the subsequent condensation system through the extraction pipe. Through staged condensation, liquid metallic mercury and solid crude selenium are recovered separately.

[0018] Step 4: After separation is completed, start the lifting and turning component. The power mechanism drives the drum to rotate. Through the special sliding groove structure on its surface, each layer of partition is lifted and turned in turn, so that the dried residue on it falls into the bottom of the vessel and is finally discharged from the system through the rotary valve.

[0019] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] This application effectively solves the problems of uneven heating, low volatilization efficiency, easy crusting and difficult unloading caused by excessively thick material layers in traditional processing methods by adopting a multi-layer partition structure to support acid sludge and combining microwave vacuum heating with a sequential lifting and turning unloading mechanism.

[0021] This design significantly improves heating uniformity and thermal energy utilization, ensuring efficient and thorough separation and recovery of selenium and mercury. At the same time, the compact structural design enhances equipment space utilization, achieving a balance between processing capacity and equipment miniaturization. The entire process is carried out in a closed loop, is environmentally friendly, highly automated, and has significant industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a selenium and mercury separation and recovery device;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a microwave reactor;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lifting and flipping component;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partition structure;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the rotating drum Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the rotating drum Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the partitions rotate synchronously.

[0032] Figure reference numerals: 1. Microwave reactor; 11. Feed pipe; 12. Evacuation pipe; 13. Microwave feed pipe; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Temperature sensor; 16. Rotary valve;

[0033] 2. Partition plate; 21. Plate body; 22. Feed hole; 23. Baffle plate; 24. Retaining ring; 25. Connecting shaft; 26. Connecting lug;

[0034] 3. Lifting and tilting component; 31. Support plate; 32. Slide groove; 33. Slider; 34. Gear; 35. Rack; 36. Power mechanism; 361. Slide rod; 362. Traction rod; 363. Connecting plate; 364. Upright pole; 365. Rotary drum; 3651. First slide groove; 3652. Second slide groove; 3653. Third slide groove; 366. Rolling element; 367. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Example: Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 7 As shown, this application proposes a device for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge, including a microwave reactor 1 and multiple partitions 2 installed inside the microwave reactor 1 to support the acid sludge. The microwave reactor 1 uses microwave energy as a heat source and heats the material in a vacuum environment. The microwaves in the microwave reactor 1 can penetrate the acid sludge and directly act on the polar molecules inside, achieving rapid and uniform heating of the material, which is much more efficient than the traditional external wall conduction heating method. When processing acid sludge, a by-product of smelting, the acid sludge is automatically conveyed into the partitions 2 inside the sealed microwave reactor by the automatic conveying system. The microwave reactor 1 is then evacuated to a high vacuum state, and the microwave system is then activated. The microwave energy instantly penetrates the acid sludge, causing the water, selenium, and mercury compound molecules inside to oscillate at high speed, thereby generating high temperature synchronously and rapidly throughout the material.

[0037] During this process, the mercury and selenium compounds in the acid sludge decompose due to heat. Because the boiling point is significantly reduced under vacuum, elemental mercury will first vaporize and volatilize at a lower temperature, such as 150-300℃. As the temperature is gradually raised to a higher range, such as 300-500℃, elemental selenium will also sublimate into a gaseous state. These two gaseous products are rapidly and directionally "extracted" from the reaction zone by the vacuum negative pressure established in the reactor and enter the connected condensation and recovery system.

[0038] In the subsequent staged condensation unit, the temperature is precisely controlled. The mercury vapor with a low boiling point is first liquefied in the low-temperature condenser and recovered as high-purity metallic mercury. Then, the selenium vapor is condensed in the slightly higher-temperature condenser to obtain solid crude selenium product. Finally, the residue remaining in the reactor is a harmless dried residue from which most of the mercury and selenium have been removed, which can be directly discharged.

[0039] It should be noted that precise control of the thickness of the acid sludge material in microwave reactor 1 is crucial. The thickness should not be too deep, mainly because microwave energy has a limited penetration depth into the material. When the acid sludge layer is too thick, it will lead to serious uneven heating. The material on the surface will heat up rapidly due to absorbing a large amount of microwave energy, and may even melt and form a hard shell. Meanwhile, the material in the deeper layers will not be heated enough due to the attenuation of microwave energy during penetration, and will not be able to reach the target temperature for effective decomposition and volatilization of mercury and selenium compounds. This situation will not only significantly reduce the recovery efficiency of mercury and selenium, but also increase the risk of the process because the hard shell on the surface will hinder the escape of the steam generated inside.

[0040] Therefore, the acid mud needs to be controlled at a moderate thickness, usually between 20 and 50 centimeters.

[0041] Furthermore, the partition 2 includes a plate body 21 and a discharge hole 22 provided on the plate body 21. A baffle 23 is fixedly installed on the edge of the plate body 21. A retaining ring 24 lower than the baffle 23 is fixedly installed on the plate body 21 and around the discharge hole 22. When feeding, the acid sludge will first enter the uppermost partition 2 and be supported by the plate body 21. As the thickness of the acid sludge gradually increases, the height of the acid sludge on the plate body 21 exceeds the retaining ring 24 and can flow downward through the discharge hole 22, eventually flowing to the lower plate body 21. During this process, the baffle 23 will restrict the acid sludge, preventing it from flowing out through the edge of the plate body 21.

[0042] Multi-layered baffles 2 are installed inside the reactor to support the acid sludge, distributing the total material into multiple independent thin layers. Each layer constitutes a highly efficient reaction unit, which greatly improves the uniformity of heating. Because the thickness of each layer of acid sludge is much smaller than the penetration depth of microwaves, it ensures that the bottom and surface materials can be heated synchronously and thoroughly, fundamentally avoiding the problems of surface crusting and insufficient heating of the bottom layer. It also provides an optimal path for the escape of mercury and selenium vapors. The volatiles generated in each layer can directly enter the wide gas phase space and be quickly removed by the vacuum system, greatly shortening the residence time and reducing the possibility of vapor condensation or secondary reactions inside. This directly improves the product recovery rate and purity. By utilizing vertical space, the single batch processing capacity is significantly improved without increasing the equipment diameter, realizing the miniaturization and intensification of the equipment.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 6 As shown, this embodiment also includes a lifting and flipping component 3 installed inside the microwave reactor 1. The lifting and flipping component 3 drives multiple partitions 2 to rise and flip from top to bottom. After the acid sludge is processed, the multiple partitions 2 are flipped to pour out the dried acid sludge, which facilitates the discharge of acid sludge. Vibrator elements can be installed on the partitions 2 to improve the efficiency and quality of material discharge.

[0044] refer to Figure 10 It should be noted that when using multiple partitions 2 and rotating all partitions synchronously, if the spacing between partitions 2 is small, the rotating partitions will physically collide with the adjacent fixed partitions due to their movement trajectory. To avoid this interference, the most direct method is to increase the static spacing between partitions 2. However, this will increase the ineffective space of the microwave reactor 1 and reduce the overall space utilization rate, resulting in a tall device that can only hold a limited amount of material.

[0045] Furthermore, the lifting and tilting component 3 includes a support plate 31 fixedly installed inside the microwave reactor 1, a sliding groove 32 provided on the support plate 31, and connecting shafts 25 fixedly installed on both sides of the plate 21. A slider 33, which is slidably connected to the sliding groove 32, is installed on the connecting shaft 25 to support and guide the partition 2, allowing the partition 2 to move vertically. A gear 34 is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft 25, and a rack 35 meshing with the gear 34 is fixedly installed inside the support plate 31. Through the cooperation of the gear 34 and the rack 35, the partition 2 can be tilted during its lifting and lowering motion within the microwave reactor. 1. A space is reserved at the top inside. When unloading, the topmost partition 2 is moved upward and flipped simultaneously. Since the partition 2 has risen a certain distance, it will not interfere with the movement of the partition 2 below during the flipping process. The remaining partitions 2 repeat the same steps to move upward and flip. This way, only a small top space needs to be reserved inside the microwave reactor 1 for flipping, so that multiple partitions 2 can maintain a small gap and there will be no movement interference during the flipping process. This greatly improves the space utilization rate inside the microwave reactor 1.

[0046] like Figures 2 to 6As shown, in this embodiment, the lifting and flipping component 3 also includes a power mechanism 36 for sequentially lifting multiple plates 21. The power mechanism 36 includes multiple sliding rods 361 slidably installed inside the microwave reactor 1. Each sliding rod 361 corresponds to a plate 21 and is connected by a traction rod 362. A connecting plate 363 is fixedly installed at one end of each sliding rod 361. A vertical rod 364 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 363. The rise of the vertical rod 364 can drive the connecting plate 363 to rise, thereby driving the sliding rods 361 and the traction rod 362 to move, thereby driving the partition 2 to rise. A rotating cylinder 365 is rotatably installed inside the microwave reactor 1. The rotating cylinder 365 is provided with a sliding groove that is slidably connected to the multiple vertical rods 364, which allows the multiple vertical rods 364 to move up and down along the trajectory of the sliding groove.

[0047] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The slide includes a first slide 3651 at the bottom of the rotating drum 365 and a second slide 3652 at the top of the rotating drum 365. A third slide 3653, connecting the first slide 3651 and the second slide 3652, is obliquely provided on the rotating drum 365. Rolling elements 366, slidably connected to the first slide 3651, the second slide 3652, and the third slide 3653, are rotatably mounted on the upright 364. Initially, when all rolling elements 366 are located inside the first slide 3651, this… When all the partitions 2 are in a state that can accommodate acid sludge, when the drum 365 rotates, multiple rolling elements 366 will jump up sequentially along the third slide groove 3653 to the inside of the second slide groove 3652. This process will drive the upright 364 to rise, thereby driving multiple partitions 2 to rise sequentially. When the partitions 2 are reset, flipping the rolling elements 366 will cause multiple rolling elements 366 to fall sequentially into the inside of the first slide groove 3651, thereby resetting multiple partitions 2 sequentially.

[0048] Among them, a motor 367 is fixedly installed on the microwave reactor 1. The output shaft of the motor 367 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating drum 365. The motor 367 can drive the rotating drum 365 to rotate and provide power for the flipping and rising of multiple partitions 2.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a connecting ear 26 connected to the traction rod 362 is fixedly installed on the plate 21. The connecting ears 26 on the multi-layer plate 21 from top to bottom are arranged in a spiral, which makes it possible for multiple traction rods 362 to not interfere with each other and facilitates installation.

[0050] In this embodiment, an electric heating element is installed on the inner wall of the microwave reactor 1. In a vacuum environment, due to the extremely rarefied gas molecules, convective heat transfer, a highly efficient heat transfer method under normal pressure, essentially disappears. This results in the possibility that the temperature of the inner wall, top cover, and support plate surface that is not in contact with the material may be low. Since the temperature of these surfaces is much lower than that of the acid sludge and support plate, mercury and selenium vapors volatilized from the acid sludge will immediately condense into solids or liquids upon encountering the inner wall or top cover with a temperature much lower than their dew point, adhering to these surfaces. This causes the target product to be lost inside the reactor instead of entering the designated condenser. This problem can be solved by setting an electric heating element.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a feed pipe 11, an extraction pipe 12, and multiple microwave feed pipes 13 are fixedly installed on the microwave reactor 1. A pressure sensor 14 and a temperature sensor 15 are fixedly installed on the microwave reactor 1. The feed pipe 11 is connected to the pretreatment and conveying equipment at the front end, and is responsible for accurately and sealedly feeding the acid sludge to be treated into the microwave reactor 1. The extraction pipe 12 is connected to the condensation recovery and vacuum maintenance device at the rear end. By drawing a vacuum, an oxygen-free and low-pressure environment is created inside the reactor, which significantly reduces the volatilization temperature of mercury and selenium. At the same time, it serves as a high-speed channel for volatile products, directionally and rapidly conveying the vaporized mercury and selenium vapors to the subsequent condenser for separation and collection. Multiple microwave feed pipes 13... 3 are the system's energy sources. They are connected to the microwave generator and are responsible for efficiently introducing microwave energy into the reactor cavity. Multiple designs are used to feed energy from different directions, which are superimposed to form a uniform microwave field, ensuring that the acid sludge in each area of ​​the reactor can be heated synchronously and uniformly, fundamentally avoiding local overheating or heating dead zones. The pressure sensor 14 monitors the vacuum degree in the microwave reactor 1 in real time and accurately, and the temperature sensor 15 monitors the temperature of the acid sludge material. Through real-time feedback of temperature signals, it enables the control system to intelligently adjust the output of microwave power, thereby constructing a precise heating program to ensure that mercury and selenium can be volatilized and separated step by step and completely within their respective optimal temperature ranges.

[0052] Furthermore, the bottom of the microwave reactor 1 is provided with a discharge port, and a rotary valve 16 is fixedly installed on the discharge port. When discharging, the rotary valve 16 is opened to discharge the dried acid sludge.

[0053] On the other hand, this application proposes a method for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge, applied to the above-mentioned equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: The pretreated acid sludge is fed into the microwave reactor 1 through the feed pipe 11. The acid sludge flows from top to bottom through each partition 2, and is controlled by the discharge hole 22 and the baffle ring 24 on it, and finally forms a uniform thin layer on multiple partitions 2.

[0055] Step 2: Close the feed inlet and evacuate the reactor to the required vacuum level through the evacuation pipe 12. Then, apply microwave energy through the microwave feed pipe 13 and heat up according to the preset program to decompose and vaporize the mercury and selenium compounds in the acid sludge in stages.

[0056] Step 3: The mercury vapor and selenium vapor generated by vaporization are driven by the vacuum negative pressure inside the reactor and transported to the subsequent condensation system through the extraction pipe 12. Through staged condensation, liquid metallic mercury and solid crude selenium are recovered separately.

[0057] Step 4: After separation is completed, start the lifting and flipping component 3. The power mechanism 36 drives the rotating drum 365 to rotate. Through the special sliding groove structure on its surface, each layer of partition 2 is lifted and flipped in sequence, so that the dried residue on it falls into the bottom of the vessel and is finally discharged from the system through the rotary valve 16.

[0058] Working principle: Acid sludge is fed into the microwave reactor 1 through the feed pipe 11 and layered on multiple partitions 2. Microwave energy is introduced through multiple microwave feed pipes 13, and the acid sludge is rapidly and uniformly heated in a vacuum environment (established by a vacuum system connected to the evacuation pipe 12 and monitored by a pressure sensor 14). During the heating process, the mercury and selenium compounds in the acid sludge decompose upon heating and vaporize sequentially due to the lower boiling point under vacuum conditions. Mercury vapor first volatilizes in the lower temperature range, and then selenium vapor sublimates in the higher temperature range. The gasification products are driven by vacuum negative pressure and directionally transported to the subsequent condensation system for recovery through the suction pipe 12. After the reaction is completed, the rotating drum 365 is driven to rotate by the power mechanism 36 of the lifting and turning component 3. The special sliding groove structure on it cooperates with the rolling element 366 on the upright 364 to lift each layer of partition 2 in sequence and turn it over by the meshing of gear 34 and rack 35, so as to realize the unloading of the dried residue. The residue is finally discharged through the bottom rotary valve 16. The temperature sensor 15 monitors the material temperature in real time to ensure the accuracy of the process.

[0059] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A device for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge, characterized in that, The device comprises: a microwave reaction kettle (1), a plurality of partitions (2) for carrying acid sludge installed in the microwave reaction kettle (1), the partition (2) comprises a plate body (21), a discharging hole (22) arranged on the plate body (21), a baffle (23) fixedly installed on the edge of the plate body (21), and a baffle ring (24) fixedly installed on the plate body (21) and located around the discharging hole (22) and lower than the baffle (23); a lifting and overturning component (3) installed in the microwave reaction kettle (1), which drives a plurality of partitions (2) to rise and overturn from top to bottom.

2. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting and overturning component (3) comprises a support plate (31) fixedly installed in the microwave reaction kettle (1), a sliding groove (32) arranged in the support plate (31), and a connecting shaft (25) fixedly installed on both sides of the plate body (21), wherein a sliding block (33) connected with the sliding groove (32) is installed on the connecting shaft (25).

3. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 2, characterized in that, A gear (34) is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft (25), and a rack (35) engaged with the gear (34) is fixedly installed in the support plate (31).

4. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting and overturning component (3) comprises a power mechanism (36) for sequentially lifting a plurality of plate bodies (21), the power mechanism (36) comprises a plurality of slide rods (361) slidably installed in the microwave reaction kettle (1), the slide rods (361) correspond to the plate bodies (21) one by one and are connected by a traction rod (362), one end of the slide rod (361) is fixedly installed with a connecting plate (363), the connecting plate (363) is fixedly installed with a vertical rod (364), a rotating drum (365) is rotatably installed in the microwave reaction kettle (1), and a sliding groove is arranged on the rotating drum (365) and connected with a plurality of vertical rods (364).

5. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sliding groove comprises a first sliding groove (3651) arranged at the bottom of the rotating drum (365), a second sliding groove (3652) arranged at the top of the rotating drum (365), and a third sliding groove (3653) arranged obliquely on the rotating drum (365) and connecting the first sliding groove (3651) and the second sliding groove (3652), and a rolling body (366) is rotatably installed on the vertical rod (364) and slidably connected with the first sliding groove (3651), the second sliding groove (3652) and the third sliding groove (3653).

6. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 5, characterized in that, A motor (367) is fixedly installed on the microwave reaction kettle (1), and an output shaft of the motor (367) is coaxially fixedly connected with the rotating drum (365).

7. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 6, characterized in that, A connecting lug (26) connected with the traction rod (362) is fixedly installed on the plate body (21), and the connecting lugs (26) on the plate bodies (21) from top to bottom are arranged in a spiral.

8. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 7, characterized in that, A feeding pipe (11), an air exhaust pipe (12) and a plurality of microwave feeding pipes (13) are fixedly installed on the microwave reaction kettle (1), and a gas pressure sensor (14) and a temperature sensor (15) are fixedly installed on the microwave reaction kettle (1).

9. The equipment for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 8, characterized in that, A discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the microwave reaction kettle (1), and a rotary valve (16) is fixedly installed on the discharge port.

10. A method for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge, applied to the device for separating and recovering selenium and mercury from acid sludge according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: the pretreated acid sludge is sent into the microwave reactor (1) through the feeding pipe (11), and the acid sludge flows through each baffle (2) from top to bottom, and is controlled by the discharging hole (22) and the blocking ring (24) on the baffle (2), and finally forms a uniform thin layer on the multiple baffles (2); Step two: close the feeding port, and the reactor is pumped to the required vacuum degree through the exhaust pipe (12), microwave energy is applied through the microwave feeding pipe (13), and the temperature is raised according to the preset program, so that the mercury and selenium compounds in the acid sludge are decomposed and gasified in stages; Step three: the mercury vapor and selenium vapor generated by gasification are driven by the vacuum negative pressure in the reactor, transported to the subsequent condensation system through the exhaust pipe (12), and recovered to obtain liquid mercury and solid selenium through staged condensation; Step four: after the separation is completed, the lifting and overturning part (3) is started, the power mechanism (36) drives the rotating drum (365) to rotate, and through the special sliding groove structure on the surface of the rotating drum (365), each layer of baffle (2) is lifted and overturned in turn, so that the dry residues on the baffle (2) fall into the bottom of the reactor, and finally the residues are discharged from the system through the rotary valve (16).

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