Single-shaft waste briquetting device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses waste treatment equipment and aims to provide a single-shaft waste briquetting device and a control method thereof, and the single-shaft waste briquetting device is capable of continuously machining, high in automation degree, high in machining safety and efficiency and capable of detecting the machining state of waste in real time. Materials are pushed through a spiral plate, automatic conveying and automatic punch forming of waste materials are achieved, the material conveying assembly and the material crushing assembly are concentrically and coaxially arranged and synchronously driven through a driving shaft, so that the material conveying and crushing structure is compact, the steps are consistent, after stacking is completed, the materials in a material pushing sliding groove are preliminarily compressed through a discharging device, and the material conveying and crushing efficiency is improved. And the whole process does not need manual intervention, the automation degree is high, and the waste material processing device is suitable for the technical field of waste material processing and processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a waste processing device, and more specifically, to a single-shaft waste briquetting device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] During the machining process of turning, metal scrap is inevitably generated. Because cutting fluid is added for cooling and lubrication during turning, the metal scrap is generally moist, soft, and fluffy, taking up a large space. The usual method for handling this scrap is to use a cart to pile it up in a corner and sell it after a certain amount has been accumulated. Due to the fluffy texture of the metal scrap, the overall footprint is large, and the recycling of iron filings is difficult. Therefore, researchers designed a briquetting machine, which compresses the metal scrap to expel the air and liquid inside, thereby forming denser block scrap. Compared with untreated scrap, the compressed scrap is easier to stack, occupies less space, and facilitates subsequent scrap recycling.

[0003] Currently, the method for handling waste materials in briquetting machines is usually to place the waste material into a molding die and then use a hydraulic press to press the waste material into a block. However, the feeding of waste material is usually done manually, resulting in poor overall processing continuity and low processing efficiency. In addition, there are no extra steps between placing and pressing the waste material, which makes it easy for workers to make mistakes and cause accidents during the processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a single-axis waste briquetting device and its control method that can perform continuous processing, have a high degree of automation, and have high processing safety and efficiency, and can detect the processing status of waste materials in real time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a single-shaft waste briquetting device, comprising a mounting base and a hopper disposed on the mounting base, wherein the hopper is provided with a conveying structure, the conveying structure including a material conveying component and a material crushing component, and a drive shaft is also provided in the hopper, wherein the material conveying component and the material crushing component are disposed on the drive shaft and are concentrically and coaxially disposed, a pressing component is also provided on one side of the hopper, and a material channel is also provided between the hopper and the pressing component, the material channel being disposed on a virtual extension line of the drive shaft toward the pressing component, and a baffle is also provided on the material channel.

[0006] The present invention is further configured such that: the material crushing assembly includes a plurality of cutters disposed on a drive shaft and a baffle plate disposed between each adjacent cutter, the rotation range of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter is matched with the inner wall of the hopper, the baffle plate is fixedly connected to the hopper, and a rotating bearing is also provided between the baffle plate and the drive shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the cutter has a mounting base plate for mounting on a drive shaft and a plurality of blades evenly arranged around the mounting base plate. The blades have a crushing arc that bends in the opposite direction of rotation. The crushing arc is configured to prevent material residue on the blades while crushing the material.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the hopper is provided with a pusher chute at a position matching the material channel, and the pusher chute is also provided with a discharge device. The discharge device includes a pusher structure located at the rear end of the pusher chute. The pusher structure includes a pusher cylinder and a pusher rod located on the pusher cylinder. The pusher cylinder drives the pusher rod to move along the length direction of the pusher chute.

[0009] Preferably, the depth of the pusher chute is greater than the rotation range of the outer circumference of the cutter, and a storage trough is provided between the pusher chute and the rotation range of the cutter. The storage trough is configured to store the material processed by the crushing component.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: the pressing assembly includes a head inner cylinder, a housing disposed on the outside of the head inner cylinder, and a pressing block structure disposed at the rear end of the housing; the pressing block structure includes a main oil cylinder, a drive cylinder disposed in the main oil cylinder, and a push shaft disposed on the drive cylinder; the push shaft moves back and forth within the head inner cylinder via the drive cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the housing away from the main oil cylinder is also provided with a forming component, the forming component including a forming chamber, a forming cylinder disposed on one side of the forming chamber, and a discharge slide disposed on the other side of the forming chamber.

[0012] This application also discloses a control method for a single-shaft waste briquetting device, including the following steps: S1, the device is started, the drive shaft drives the cutting blades of the conveying component and the crushing component to rotate, while the baffle plate is kept fixed by the rotating bearing; S2. Pour the material to be briquetized into the hopper, and the material conveying component pushes the material toward the crushing component; S3. The material is moved to the top of the pusher chute by the material conveying component. At the same time, the cutter pushes the material towards the baffle. The material is blocked by the baffle and forms a shearing force with the cutter. The shredded material falls into the pusher chute and stacks up. S4. After the material is stacked on the side of the pusher chute closest to the conveying component, the material and the shredded material continue to be pushed on the pusher chute, so that the material continues to be stacked inside the pusher chute. S5. After the material pushing chute is stacked, the pushing cylinder of the pushing structure drives the pushing rod to compress the material. After compression, the baffle of the material channel is opened, and the pushing structure pushes the compressed material into the pressing component. S6. The inner cylinder of the pressing assembly detects the amount of material. If the amount of material in the inner cylinder of the pressing assembly reaches the set value, it will jump to S7 to compress and discharge the material. Otherwise, the pushing structure will continue to push the compressed material into the pressing assembly. S7. The pressing structure of the pressing component pushes the material in the inner cylinder of the die head into the inside of the forming component. After the material is compressed and formed in the forming chamber of the forming component, the forming cylinder pushes the formed material through the discharge slide to complete the discharge, thus realizing the pressing and forming of waste material into blocks.

[0013] Preferably, step S4 further includes material quantity detection of the pusher chute, including the following steps: S41, a pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the hopper at the upper end of the material channel, and the start value of the pressure sensor is set to P0. S42. The crushing assembly continuously processes the material, while the pressure sensor detects the pressure it receives, with a detection value of P. S43. Detect the pressure. If P < P0, it is determined that the current material chute is not fully filled. The material conveying component and the crushing component continue to process the material. Otherwise, it is determined that the material in the current material chute is fully stacked and the material in the material chute is discharged.

[0014] Preferably, the compression molding method in step S7 further includes the following steps: S71, the pressure block structure pushes the material in the inner cylinder of the die head into the molding chamber, and at the same time, the detection component set in the molding chamber detects the pressure applied to it by the material; S72. The detection component sets the pressure increase rate threshold to V0. During the material forming process, the detection component detects the actual pressure increase rate as V. S73. Detect the growth rate. If V≤V0, it is determined that there is a gap in the material in the current forming chamber. The briquetting structure continues to push the material to compress. Otherwise, it is determined that the briquetting structure has completed compression and the finished product is discharged.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. This application, by setting up a conveying structure and a pressing component, wherein the conveying component of the conveying structure is set as a spiral plate, so that when the drive shaft rotates, the material is pushed by the spiral plate, realizing automatic transportation and automatic stamping of waste materials. The conveying component and the crushing component are set concentrically and coaxially and driven synchronously by the drive shaft, so that the conveying and crushing structure is compact and synchronized. At the same time, through the connection of the material channel and the pushing chute, the material can be automatically stacked in the pushing chute. After stacking, the material in the pushing chute is initially compressed by the discharge device, which facilitates the subsequent processing of the pressing component and the forming component. The whole process does not require manual intervention, has a high degree of automation, improves processing efficiency, avoids safety accidents caused by human operation errors, and improves the safety of the processing process. At the same time, the pressure sensor set in the hopper and the detection component set in the forming chamber can detect the amount of material in real time, so that the amount of raw material compressed is basically the same each time the material is compressed, thereby maintaining a high degree of consistency in the quality of each finished product.

[0016] 2. Furthermore, the crushing assembly of this application includes several baffles fixed to the hopper and several cutters mounted on the drive shaft for rotation. The material is moved into the crushing assembly by the conveying assembly. The cutters of the crushing assembly push the material toward the baffles, and at the same time, a shearing force is formed between the cutters and the baffles, realizing continuous crushing of fluffy, soft, fibrous metal waste. This effectively reduces the volume of the material and ensures the discharge of some liquid in the material, thus reducing the material volume and facilitating the falling of the crushed material into the pusher chute, providing good raw material extrusion for subsequent compression. Generally, during the operation of the conveying assembly and the crushing assembly, the material is pushed by the conveying assembly and cut by the crushing assembly. The shredded material first falls into the pusher chute near the conveying component. If the material continues to accumulate, after the pusher chute at the current position is filled, the material pushed by the conveying component will move towards the material channel through the filled pusher chute, so that the pusher chute is gradually filled away from the conveying component. When the pusher chute is filled, the material pushed by the conveying component will move above the pusher chute, eventually causing the material to come into contact with the inner wall of the hopper. The filling status of the material in the pusher chute is determined by detecting the pressure value received by the pressure sensor. At the same time, the baffle of the material channel is opened or closed according to the filling status to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the entire process and maintain the smoothness of the overall processing flow.

[0017] 3. Simultaneously, this application provides a pushing chute between the hopper and the pressing assembly. After the material is shredded by the crushing assembly, it accumulates in the storage tank. Once the amount of material in the pushing chute reaches a preset value, it is initially compressed by the pushing rod and then conveyed to the pressing assembly for further processing. This ensures that the amount of material conveyed to the pressing assembly each time is sufficient and uniform, avoiding uneven material distribution that leads to different finished product quality. During the stamping process, the material in the pushing chute is pushed into the inner cylinder of the die head by the pushing rod. To facilitate the material's entry, the top of the pushing rod is equipped with a cutter head that matches the curvature of the inner wall of the die head's inner cylinder. After the pushing rod abuts against the inner cylinder of the die head, it can cut off the portion of the material that has not entered the inner cylinder of the die head, preventing the connection of excess material. After the material is pushed into the inner cylinder of the die head, it is again pushed into the forming assembly by the pushing shaft of the pressing block structure for further compression, ensuring the processing effect of the material.

[0018] 4. Furthermore, during the briquetting process, the amount of material in the pusher chute is determined by detecting the material quantity. Since the pressure sensor is positioned higher than the pusher chute, when the pressure sensor detects a pressure value P≥P0, it is determined that the pusher chute is fully filled and the material is stacked on top of the pusher chute. The discharge chute then needs to discharge the material. The pusher cylinder pushes the pusher rod to push the material in the pusher chute into the inner cylinder of the machine head. After the pusher rod retracts, the material above the pusher chute falls into the pusher chute, facilitating subsequent processing. During the compression process, a detection component is installed in the molding chamber to detect the pressure increase during material compression. The compression state of the material is monitored. Specifically, when the material in the molding chamber is initially compressed, it is relatively loose. During compression, the gas and liquid inside the material are expelled first, and the detection component is buffered. At this time, the pressure increase rate detected by the detection component is relatively slow. After further compression, the gaps inside the material disappear, the overall density increases, and the buffering effect on the detection component decreases, thus making the pressure increase rate detected by the detection component faster. By setting a threshold for the increase rate, when the detection component detects a pressure increase rate V > V0, it indicates that the current material compression is complete, and the material is discharged to avoid energy waste and equipment overload. This improves the density uniformity and quality consistency of the finished briquettes, achieving controllability and optimization of the processing process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of an embodiment of a single-shaft waste briquetting device and its control method according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another embodiment of the single-shaft waste briquetting device and its control method according to the present invention; Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of a specific structure of an embodiment of a single-axis waste briquetting device and its control method according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method of an embodiment of a single-shaft waste briquetting device and its control method according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the material quantity detection method of the pusher chute in an embodiment of a single-shaft waste briquetting device and its control method according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a compression molding method according to an embodiment of a single-axis waste briquetting device and its control method of the present invention; The attached diagram shows the following labels: 1. Mounting base; 2. Hopper; 21. Pushing chute; 22. Pushing structure; 221. Pushing cylinder; 222. Pushing rod; 3. Material conveying assembly; 4. Crushing assembly; 41. Cutter; 42. Baffle plate; 43. Rotary bearing; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Pressing assembly; 61. Inner cylinder of the machine head; 62. Machine housing; 63. Pressing block structure; 7. Material channel; 71. Baffle plate; 8. Forming assembly; 81. Forming chamber; 82. Forming cylinder; 83. Discharge chute. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 6 The embodiments of the single-shaft waste briquetting device and its control method of the present invention are further described below.

[0021] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as “up,” “down,” “left,” and “right” are used in the embodiments to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, an element described as being “down” of other elements or features would be positioned “up” of those other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term “down” can encompass both up and down orientations. The device may be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0022] Moreover, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between the components.

[0023] A single-shaft waste briquetting device includes a mounting base 1 and a hopper 2 disposed on the mounting base 1. The hopper 2 is provided with a conveying structure, which includes a material conveying component 3 and a material crushing component 4. The hopper 2 is also provided with a drive shaft 5. The material conveying component 3 and the material crushing component 4 are disposed on the drive shaft 5 and are concentrically and coaxially arranged. A pressing component 6 is also provided on one side of the hopper 2. A material channel 7 is also provided between the hopper 2 and the pressing component 6. The material channel 7 is disposed on a virtual extension line of the drive shaft 5 toward the pressing component 6. A baffle 71 is also provided on the material channel 7.

[0024] The material crushing assembly 4 includes a plurality of cutters 41 disposed on the drive shaft 5 and baffles 42 disposed between each adjacent cutter 41. The rotation range of the outer circumferential surface of the cutter 41 matches the inner wall of the hopper 2. The baffles 42 are fixedly connected to the hopper 2, and a rotating bearing 43 is also provided between the baffles 42 and the drive shaft 5.

[0025] Preferably, the cutter 41 has a mounting base plate for mounting on the drive shaft 5 and a plurality of blades evenly arranged around the mounting base plate. The blades have a crushing arc that is bent in the opposite direction of rotation. The crushing arc is configured to prevent material residue on the blades while crushing the material.

[0026] Preferably, the bottom of the hopper 2 is provided with a pusher chute 21 at a position matching the material channel 7. The pusher chute 21 is also provided with a discharge device. The discharge device includes a pusher structure 22 located at the rear end of the pusher chute 21. The pusher structure 22 includes a pusher cylinder 221 and a pusher rod 222 located on the pusher cylinder 221. The pusher cylinder 221 drives the pusher rod 222 to move along the length direction of the pusher chute 21.

[0027] Preferably, the depth of the pusher chute 21 is greater than the rotation range of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter 41, and a storage trough is provided between the pusher chute 21 and the rotation range of the cutter 41. The storage trough is configured to store the material processed by the crushing component 4.

[0028] The pressing assembly 6 includes a head inner cylinder 61, a housing 62 disposed outside the head inner cylinder 61, and a pressing block structure 63 disposed at the rear end of the housing 62. The pressing block structure 63 includes a main oil cylinder, a drive cylinder body disposed inside the main oil cylinder, and a push shaft disposed on the drive cylinder body. The push shaft moves back and forth inside the head inner cylinder 61 through the drive cylinder body.

[0029] Preferably, the housing 62 is further provided with a forming component 8 on the side away from the main oil cylinder. The forming component 8 includes a forming chamber 81, a forming cylinder 82 disposed on one side of the forming chamber 81, and a discharge slide 83 disposed on the other side of the forming chamber 81.

[0030] This application also discloses a control method for a single-shaft waste briquetting device, including the following steps: S1, the device is started, the drive shaft drives the cutting blades of the conveying component and the crushing component to rotate, while the baffle plate is kept fixed by the rotating bearing; S2. Pour the material to be briquetized into the hopper, and the material conveying component pushes the material toward the crushing component; S3. The material is moved to the top of the pusher chute by the material conveying component. At the same time, the cutter pushes the material towards the baffle. The material is blocked by the baffle and forms a shearing force with the cutter. The shredded material falls into the pusher chute and stacks up. S4. After the material is stacked on the side of the pusher chute closest to the conveying component, the material and the shredded material continue to be pushed on the pusher chute, so that the material continues to be stacked inside the pusher chute. S5. After the material pushing chute is stacked, the pushing cylinder of the pushing structure drives the pushing rod to compress the material. After compression, the baffle of the material channel is opened, and the pushing structure pushes the compressed material into the pressing component. S6. The inner cylinder of the pressing assembly detects the amount of material. If the amount of material in the inner cylinder of the pressing assembly reaches the set value, it will jump to S7 to compress and discharge the material. Otherwise, the pushing structure will continue to push the compressed material into the pressing assembly. S7. The pressing structure of the pressing component pushes the material in the inner cylinder of the die head into the inside of the forming component. After the material is compressed and formed in the forming chamber of the forming component, the forming cylinder pushes the formed material through the discharge slide to complete the discharge, thus realizing the pressing and forming of waste material into blocks.

[0031] Preferably, step S4 further includes material quantity detection of the pusher chute, including the following steps: S41, a pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the hopper at the upper end of the material channel, and the start value of the pressure sensor is set to P0. S42. The crushing assembly continuously processes the material, while the pressure sensor detects the pressure it receives, with a detection value of P. S43. Detect the pressure. If P < P0, it is determined that the current material chute is not fully filled. The material conveying component and the crushing component continue to process the material. Otherwise, it is determined that the material in the current material chute is fully stacked and the material in the material chute is discharged.

[0032] Preferably, the compression molding method in step S7 further includes the following steps: S71, the pressure block structure pushes the material in the inner cylinder of the die head into the molding chamber, and at the same time, the detection component set in the molding chamber detects the pressure applied to it by the material; S72. The detection component sets the pressure increase rate threshold to V0. During the material forming process, the detection component detects the actual pressure increase rate as V. S73. Detect the growth rate. If V≤V0, it is determined that there is a gap in the material in the current forming chamber. The briquetting structure continues to push the material to compress. Otherwise, it is determined that the briquetting structure has completed compression and the finished product is discharged.

[0033] This application features a conveying structure and a pressing component 6. The conveying component 3 of the conveying structure is a spiral plate, which pushes the material through the spiral plate when the drive shaft 5 rotates, achieving automatic transport and automatic stamping of waste materials. The conveying component 3 and the crushing component 4 are concentrically and coaxially arranged and synchronously driven by the drive shaft 5, making the conveying and crushing structures compact and synchronized. At the same time, through the connection of the material channel 7 and the pushing chute 21, the material can be automatically stacked in the pushing chute 21. After stacking, the material in the pushing chute 21 is initially compressed by the discharge device, which facilitates the subsequent processing of the pressing component 6 and the forming component 8. The entire process requires no manual intervention, has a high degree of automation, improves processing efficiency, avoids safety accidents caused by human operation errors, and improves the safety of the processing process. Meanwhile, the pressure sensor set in the hopper 2 and the detection component set in the forming chamber 81 can detect the amount of material in real time, ensuring that the amount of raw material compressed is basically the same each time the material is compressed, thereby maintaining a high degree of consistency in the quality of each finished product.

[0034] Furthermore, the crushing assembly 4 of this application includes several baffle plates 42 fixed on the hopper 2 and several cutters 41 mounted on the drive shaft 5 for rotation. The material is moved into the crushing assembly 4 by the conveying assembly 3. The cutters 41 of the crushing assembly 4 push the material toward the baffle plates 42, and at the same time, a shearing force is formed between the cutters 41 and the baffle plates 42, realizing continuous crushing of fluffy, soft, fibrous metal waste, effectively reducing the volume of the material and ensuring the discharge of some liquid in the material, thus reducing the volume of the material, making it easier for the crushed material to fall into the pusher chute 21, providing good raw material extrusion for subsequent compression. Generally speaking, during the operation of the conveying assembly 3 and the crushing assembly 4, the material is pushed by the conveying assembly 3 and cut by the crushing assembly 4. The shredded material first falls into the pusher chute 21 near the end of the conveying component 3. If the material continues to accumulate, after the pusher chute 21 at the current position is filled, the material pushed by the conveying component 3 will move towards the material channel 7 through the filled pusher chute 21, so that the pusher chute 21 is gradually filled away from the conveying component 3. When the pusher chute 21 is filled, the material pushed by the conveying component 3 will move above the pusher chute 21, eventually causing the material to come into contact with the inner wall of the hopper 2. The filling status of the material in the pusher chute 21 is determined by detecting the pressure value received by the pressure sensor. At the same time, the baffle 71 of the material channel 7 is opened according to the filling status to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the entire process and maintain the smoothness of the overall processing flow.

[0035] Meanwhile, this application provides a pusher chute 21 between the hopper 2 and the pressing assembly 6. After the material is shredded by the crushing assembly 4, it accumulates in the storage tank. When the amount of material in the pusher chute 21 reaches a preset value, it is initially compressed by the pusher rod 222 and then conveyed to the pressing assembly 6 for further processing. This ensures that the amount of material conveyed to the pressing assembly 6 each time is sufficient and uniform, avoiding differences in finished product quality caused by uneven material distribution. During the stamping process, the pusher chute 21 is pre-filled... The material is pushed into the inner cylinder 61 of the machine head by the pusher rod 222. In order to facilitate the material pushing in, the top of the pusher rod 222 is also provided with a cutter head that matches the curvature of the inner wall of the inner cylinder 61 of the machine head. After the pusher rod 222 comes into contact with the inner cylinder 61 of the machine head, it can cut off the part of the material that has not entered the inner cylinder 61 of the machine head to prevent the connection of excess material. After the material is pushed into the inner cylinder 61 of the machine head, it is pushed into the forming component 8 by the push shaft of the pressing block structure 63 for further compression, which ensures the processing effect of the material.

[0036] Furthermore, during the briquetting process, the amount of material in the pusher chute 21 is determined by detecting the material quantity. Since the pressure sensor is positioned higher than the pusher chute 21, when the pressure sensor detects a pressure value P≥P0, it is determined that the pusher chute 21 is fully filled and the material is stacked above it. The discharge chute then needs to discharge the material. The pusher cylinder 221 pushes the pusher rod 222 to push the material in the pusher chute 21 into the inner cylinder 61 of the machine head. After the pusher rod 222 retracts, the material above the pusher chute 21 falls into the pusher chute 21, facilitating subsequent processing. During the compression process, the briquetting structure 63 pushes the material into the forming chamber 81. A detection component is installed in the forming chamber 81 to detect... The pressure increase during material compression determines the material's compression state. Specifically, during initial compression of the material in the forming chamber 81, the material is relatively loose. During compression, the gas and liquid inside the material are expelled first, buffering the detection component. At this time, the pressure increase rate detected by the detection component is relatively slow. After further compression, the gaps inside the material disappear, the overall density increases, and the buffering effect on the detection component decreases, thus making the pressure increase rate detected by the detection component faster. By setting a threshold for the increase rate, when the detection component detects a pressure increase rate V > V0, it indicates that the current material compression is complete, and the material is discharged, avoiding energy waste and equipment overload, improving the density uniformity and quality consistency of the finished briquettes, and achieving controllable and optimized processing. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single shaft waste briquetting device comprising a mounting base (1) and a hopper (2) provided on the mounting base (1), characterized in that, The hopper (2) is provided with a conveying structure, which comprises a material conveying assembly (3) and a material crushing assembly (4), and is further provided with a driving shaft (5), wherein the material conveying assembly (3) and the material crushing assembly (4) are arranged on the driving shaft (5) and are coaxially arranged, and the hopper (2) is further provided with a material pressing assembly (6), and a material channel (7) is further arranged between the hopper (2) and the material pressing assembly (6), the material channel (7) is arranged on a virtual extension line of the driving shaft (5) towards the material pressing assembly (6), and a baffle (71) is further arranged on the material channel (7).

2. A single shaft waste briquetting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The material crushing assembly (4) comprises a plurality of cutters (41) arranged on the driving shaft (5) and a material blocking plate (42) arranged between adjacent cutters (41), the outer peripheral surface of the cutter (41) is matched with the inner wall of the hopper (2), the material blocking plate (42) is fixedly connected with the hopper (2), and a rotating bearing (43) is further arranged between the material blocking plate (42) and the driving shaft (5).

3. A single shaft waste briquetting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The cutter (41) has a mounting bottom plate for mounting on the driving shaft (5) and a plurality of blades uniformly arranged on the circumference of the mounting bottom plate, the blade has a material crushing arc reversely curved with the rotating direction, and the material crushing arc is configured to prevent material from remaining on the blade while crushing the material.

4. A single shaft waste briquetting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The bottom of the hopper (2) is further provided with a material pushing chute (21) at a position matched with the material channel (7), the material pushing chute (21) is further provided with a discharging device, the discharging device comprises a material pushing structure (22) arranged at the rear end of the material pushing chute (21), the material pushing structure (22) comprises a material pushing cylinder (221) and a material pushing rod (222) arranged on the material pushing cylinder (221), and the material pushing cylinder (221) drives the material pushing rod (222) to move along the length direction of the material pushing chute (21).

5. A single shaft waste briquetting device as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The depth of the material pushing chute (21) is greater than the rotating range of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter (41), a material storage groove is further arranged between the material pushing chute (21) and the rotating range of the cutter (41), and the material storage groove is configured to stack the material processed by the material crushing assembly (4).

6. A single shaft waste briquetting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The material pressing assembly (6) comprises a machine head inner cylinder (61), a machine shell (62) arranged outside the machine head inner cylinder (61), and a pressing block structure (63) arranged at the rear end of the machine shell (62), the pressing block structure (63) comprises a main oil cylinder, a driving cylinder body arranged in the main oil cylinder, and a pushing shaft arranged on the driving cylinder body, and the pushing shaft moves back and forth in the machine head inner cylinder (61) through the driving cylinder body.

7. A single shaft waste briquetting device according to claim 6, wherein, The side of the machine shell (62) away from the main oil cylinder is further provided with a forming assembly (8), the forming assembly (8) comprises a forming chamber (81), a forming cylinder (82) arranged on one side of the forming chamber (81), and a discharging chute (83) arranged on the other side of the forming chamber (81).

8. A control method for a single shaft waste briquetting device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the device is started, the driving shaft drives the rotation of the cutters of the material conveying assembly and the material crushing assembly, and the material blocking plate is kept fixed through the rotating bearing; S2, pour the material that needs to be briquetted into the hopper, and push the material to the direction of the crushing assembly by the material conveying assembly; S3, the material is moved to the top of the pushing chute by the material conveying assembly, and the cutter pushes the material to the direction of the baffle, the material is blocked by the baffle and forms a shearing force with the cutter, and the cut material falls into the pushing chute; S4, after the material is stacked on the side close to the material conveying assembly, the material and the cut material continue to be pushed on the pushing chute, so that the material is continuously stacked in the pushing chute; S5, after the pushing chute is stacked, the pushing cylinder of the pushing structure drives the pushing rod to compress the material, and after the compression is completed, the baffle of the material channel is opened, and the pushing structure pushes the compressed material into the pressing assembly; S6, the head inner cylinder of the pressing assembly detects the amount of material, if the amount of material in the head inner cylinder reaches the set value, then jump to S7 to compress and discharge, otherwise, the pushing structure continues to push the compressed material into the pressing assembly; S7, the briquetting structure of the pressing assembly pushes the material in the head inner cylinder into the forming assembly, and after the material is compressed and formed in the forming chamber of the forming assembly, the forming cylinder pushes the formed material through the discharge chute to complete the discharge, realizing the briquetting and forming of waste materials.

9. The control method of a single shaft waste briquetting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein The step S4 further includes material amount detection of the pushing chute, including the following steps: S41, a pressure sensor is arranged on the position of the inner wall of the hopper at the upper end of the material channel, and the starting value of the pressure sensor is set as P0; S42, the crushing assembly continuously processes the material, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure it receives, and the detection value is P; S43, the pressure is detected, if P 10. The control method of a single shaft waste briquetting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein The compression and forming method of step S7 further includes the following steps: S71, the briquetting structure pushes the material in the head inner cylinder into the forming chamber, and the detection assembly arranged in the forming chamber detects the pressure applied by the material; S72, the detection assembly sets a pressure growth rate threshold value V0, and during the forming of the material, the detection assembly detects the actual growth rate V of the pressure; S73, the growth rate is detected, if V

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