Cladding head quick-changing device and quick-changing method of coaxial laser cladding equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a cladding head quick-changing device and quick-changing method of coaxial laser cladding equipment, the cladding head quick-changing device comprises a cladding head upper assembly with optical fibers and a cladding head library, the bottom of the cladding head upper assembly with the optical fibers is provided with a machine tool side quick-changing assembly, and the machine tool side quick-changing assembly realizes movement in X, Y and Z directions through an axis movement system; the cladding head library comprises a rotating assembly, a linear motion assembly and a plurality of cladding head lower assemblies / cladding heads, the rotating assembly is used for rotationally moving the required cladding head lower assemblies / cladding heads to the replacement position, and the linear motion assembly is used for pushing the required cladding head lower assemblies / cladding heads out of the cladding head library and conveying the required cladding head lower assemblies / cladding heads to the exchange position; each cladding head lower assembly / cladding head is provided with a cladding head side quick-change assembly; and the machine tool side quick-change assembly and the cladding head side quick-change assembly are in butt joint, positioned and clamped, so that the cladding head is quickly changed. According to the invention, the cladding heads with different powers can be quickly switched to meet the application of different materials and processes, and the use efficiency of equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing equipment technology, and in particular relates to a quick-change device and method for the cladding head of a coaxial laser cladding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Coaxial powder-feeding cladding heads have a very important and wide range of applications in the laser cladding industry. Power levels are divided into the following categories: below 3kW, below 6kW, 8kW, and below 12kW; spot sizes are mostly between Φ1mm and Φ4mm. Each device is equipped with only one cladding head for laser cladding repair or printing. Repair often uses a small spot size and low power; printing, to improve efficiency, often uses high power and a large spot size (mostly in a large defocus state). However, it is difficult to integrate both modes into a single device, greatly limiting its application range and resulting in low utilization.

[0003] To explore the performance of the same material under different process parameters, or the performance of different materials under the same process parameters, and to improve the application range and utilization rate of equipment, it is of great significance to configure multiple cladding heads / components on one machine in medium and large-sized equipment, and then switch them according to different application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a quick-change device and method for cladding heads in a coaxial laser cladding equipment. By configuring cladding heads capable of withstanding different power levels on the same equipment, this quick-change device enables rapid switching between cladding heads of different power levels to meet the needs of different materials and processes, thereby improving equipment efficiency and solving the problems of narrow application scope and low equipment utilization in existing laser cladding equipment. During equipment use, the rapid switching of cladding heads greatly expands the application range of the equipment and improves its utilization rate.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows: a quick-change device for the cladding head of a coaxial laser cladding equipment includes an upper cladding head assembly with an optical fiber and a cladding head magazine. The lower part of the upper cladding head assembly with an optical fiber has a machine tool-side quick-change assembly, which moves in the X, Y, and Z directions via an axis motion system. The cladding head magazine includes a rotary assembly, a linear motion assembly, and multiple lower cladding head assemblies / cladding heads. The rotary assembly is used to rotate the required lower cladding head assembly / cladding head to the replacement position, and the linear motion assembly is used to push the required lower cladding head assembly / cladding head out of the cladding head magazine and transport it to the exchange position. Each lower cladding head assembly / cladding head is equipped with a cladding head-side quick-change assembly. The quick-change assembly on the machine tool side is docked, positioned, and clamped with the quick-change assembly on the cladding head side, enabling rapid replacement of the cladding head / lower assembly. At this time, the cooling water path, air path, and powder path used in the cladding process are all connected.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably, the machine tool side quick-change assembly includes a machine tool side adapter plate, a machine tool side fixture, and a plurality of quick-connect fittings with one-way valves. The machine tool side adapter plate is mounted on the axis motion system, and the machine tool side fixture and the quick-connect fittings with one-way valves are mounted on the machine tool side adapter plate. The cladding head side quick-change assembly includes a cladding head side adapter plate, a cladding head side fixture, and quick-connect fittings with one-way valves. The cladding head adapter plate is mounted on the turntable of the cladding head magazine, and the cladding head side fixture and the quick-connect fittings with one-way valves are mounted on the cladding head side adapter plate. The machine tool side fixture corresponds to the cladding head side fixture, and the quick-connect fittings with one-way valves correspond one-to-one with the quick-connect fittings with one-way valves.

[0007] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the machine tool side fixture and the cladding head side fixture are clamped by a pneumatic clamping mechanism to achieve the clamping of the machine tool side quick change assembly and the cladding head side quick change assembly.

[0008] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that the machine tool side fixture is provided with a fixture positioning pin, and the cladding head side fixture is provided with a fixture positioning hole that cooperates with the fixture positioning pin. The fixture positioning pin is inserted into the fixture positioning hole to realize the docking and positioning of the machine tool side quick change assembly and the cladding head side quick change assembly.

[0009] In the above technical solution, a more preferred embodiment is that the fixture positioning pin includes at least one cylindrical pin and at least one rhomboid pin.

[0010] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the quick-connect socket with one-way valve is connected to the quick-connect joint with one-way valve, so that the cooling water circuit, air circuit and powder circuit used in the cladding process are connected.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that, in the cladding head library, each cladding head lower component / cladding head is fixed in the cladding head library by a positioning pin and a claw spring assembly. The positioning pin is located at the bottom of the cladding head side adapter plate, and the claw spring assembly is installed on the turntable of the cladding head library. The positioning pin and the claw spring assembly are engaged. When the cladding head side quick-change component moves parallel away from the center of the turntable, the positioning pin disengages from the claw spring assembly.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, each component below the cladding head / cladding head library behind the cladding head is equipped with a corresponding sensor for detecting the position of the cladding head.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the axis motion system includes an X-axis base, a Y-axis crossbeam, a Z-axis column, and a worktable. The worktable is arranged between the two X-axis bases, and a Z-axis column that can move along its axial direction is arranged on each X-axis base. A Y-axis crossbeam that can move up and down is arranged between the two Z-axis columns. A cladding head mounting plate that can move along its axial direction is arranged on the Y-axis crossbeam. The machine tool side quick-change assembly is mounted on the cladding head mounting plate to realize the movement of the machine tool side quick-change assembly in the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0014] A quick-change method for the cladding head of a coaxial laser cladding device includes the following steps: S1. Based on process requirements, determine the required cladding head lower component / cladding head, and retrieve the corresponding cladding head lower component / cladding head from the cladding head library through the program; S2. After receiving the program instruction, the rotating component in the cladding head library will rotate the corresponding numbered cladding head lower component / cladding head to the replacement position, and then push this cladding head lower component / cladding head out of the cladding head library and transport it to the exchange position; S3. The equipment moves the upper component of the fiber-optic fusion splicing head to the corresponding switching position. Then, the quick-change component on the machine tool side and the quick-change component on the fusion splicing head side corresponding to the required fusion splicing head are docked, positioned, and clamped. The fusion splicing head is then moved horizontally to disengage from the fusion splicing head magazine. When the sensor equipped with the fusion splicing head senses that the current position is empty, the fusion splicing head magazine changes from the extended state to the retracted state. At this point, the fusion splicing head replacement is completed.

[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, after the quick-change component is positioned and clamped, the cooling water path, air path, and powder path used in the cladding process are all connected.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are: 1. The quick-change device for the cladding head of the coaxial laser cladding equipment provided by this invention solves the problem that a single cladding head configuration cannot simultaneously handle repair and rapid forming. The device has a reasonable design, is easy to use, and has significant practical value. During equipment use, the rapid switching of the cladding head greatly expands the equipment's application range and improves its utilization rate.

[0017] 2. The quick-change device for the cladding head of the coaxial laser cladding equipment provided by the present invention, by configuring cladding heads that can withstand different power levels on the same equipment, can quickly switch between cladding heads of different power levels to meet the application of different materials and processes, improve equipment utilization efficiency, and solve the problems of narrow application scope and low equipment utilization rate of existing laser cladding equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change device for the cladding head of the coaxial laser cladding equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device moving to the position above the replacement position when the cladding head magazine is pushed out, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the device at the cladding head replacement position provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the cladding head detaching from the cladding head magazine after replacement, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the device's state before printing after the replacement is completed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cladding head magazine in the ejection state provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the machine tool-side quick-change assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the machine tool side fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the quick-change assembly on the cladding head side provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the quick-change assembly on the cladding head side provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring claw assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cladding head side fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the machine tool side fixture and the cladding head side fixture are docked and clamped together, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the picture: 10. X-axis base; 20. Worktable; 30. Y-axis crossbeam; 40. Z-axis column; 50. Upper assembly of cladding head with optical fiber; 60. Cladding head magazine; 601. Rotary assembly; 602. Linear motion assembly; 603. Cladding head; 604. Positioning pin; 605. Claw spring assembly; 70. Machine tool side quick-change assembly; 701. Machine tool side adapter plate; 702. Machine tool side fixture; 703. Fixture positioning pin; 703-1. Cylindrical pin; 703-2. Diamond pin; 704. Quick-connect connector with one-way valve; 80. Quick-connect assembly on the cladding head side; 801. Adapter plate on the cladding head side; 802. Fixture on the cladding head side; 803. Fixture positioning hole; 804. Quick connector with one-way valve; 90. Pneumatic clamping mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further understand the content, features, and effects of this invention, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 13 An embodiment of the present invention provides a quick-change device for the cladding head of a coaxial laser cladding equipment, including an upper cladding head assembly 50 with an optical fiber and a cladding head storage 60. The upper cladding head assembly 50 with an optical fiber has a machine tool-side quick-change assembly 70 at its bottom. The machine tool-side quick-change assembly 70 realizes its movement in the X, Y, and Z directions through an axis motion system. The cladding head storage 60 includes a rotating assembly 601, a linear motion assembly 602, and multiple lower cladding head assemblies / cladding heads 603. The cladding head storage 60 also includes a turntable. The rotating assembly 601 is used to drive the turntable to rotate and move the required lower cladding head assembly / cladding head 603 to the replacement position. The linear motion assembly 602 is used to push the required lower cladding head assembly / cladding head 603 out of the cladding head storage 60 and transport it to the exchange position. Each lower cladding head assembly / cladding head is provided with a cladding head-side quick-change assembly 80. The quick-change assembly 70 on the machine tool side docks and is positioned and clamped with the quick-change assembly 80 on the cladding head side, realizing the quick replacement of the lower assembly / cladding head 603. At this time, the cooling water path, air path and powder path used in the cladding process are all connected.

[0023] During initial printing, the equipment selects the appropriate cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 based on process requirements. When switching cladding head lower component / cladding head 603, firstly, the current cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 is returned to an empty position in the cladding head library 60, and then the required cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 is retrieved. The cladding head library 60 uses rotation and linear motion to transport the required cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 to the exchange position, and then clamps the two quick-change components, thus achieving rapid replacement of the cladding head lower component / cladding head 603.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the machine tool-side quick-change assembly 70 includes a machine tool-side adapter plate 701, a machine tool-side fixture 702, and a plurality of quick-connect fittings 704 with one-way valves. The machine tool-side adapter plate 701 is mounted on the axis motion system, and the machine tool-side fixture 702 and the quick-connect fittings 704 with one-way valves are mounted on the machine tool-side adapter plate 701. The cladding head-side quick-change assembly 80 includes a cladding head-side adapter plate 80. 1. A cladding head side fixture 802 and a quick-connect fitting 804 with a one-way valve are provided. The cladding head 603 adapter plate is mounted on the turntable of the cladding head magazine 60. The cladding head side fixture 802 and the quick-connect fitting 804 with a one-way valve are mounted on the cladding head side adapter plate 801. The machine tool side fixture 702 corresponds to the cladding head side fixture 802, and the quick-connect fitting 704 with a one-way valve corresponds one-to-one with the quick-connect fitting 804 with a one-way valve. The machine tool side and the cladding head side are precisely matched and docked through various self-governing fixtures to ensure repeatability and positioning accuracy. This ensures that the quick-connect fitting with the one-way valve is automatically connected to the quick-connect fitting during docking, improving the reliability of the device.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the machine tool-side fixture 702 and the cladding head-side fixture 802 are clamped together by a pneumatic clamping mechanism 90, thereby clamping the machine tool-side quick-change assembly 70 and the cladding head-side quick-change assembly 80. Air intake is controlled by a solenoid valve to hold the machine tool-side fixture 702 and the cladding head-side fixture 802 tightly together, maintaining a constant pneumatic clamping force.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the machine tool side fixture 702 is provided with a fixture positioning pin 703, and the cladding head side fixture 802 is provided with a fixture positioning hole 803 that cooperates with the fixture positioning pin 703. The fixture positioning pin 703 is inserted into the fixture positioning hole 803 to realize the docking and positioning of the machine tool side quick change component 70 and the cladding head side quick change component 80, ensuring accurate positioning.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the fixture positioning pin 703 includes at least one cylindrical pin 703-1 and at least one rhomboid pin 703-2, which facilitates quick and accurate positioning and avoids the problem of incorrect insertion.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the quick-connect socket 704 with a one-way valve is connected to the quick-connect connector 804 with a one-way valve, so that the cooling water circuit, air circuit and powder circuit used in the cladding process are connected, avoiding manual connection, making the connection convenient and preventing leakage.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, in the cladding head magazine 60, each cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 is fixed in the cladding head magazine 60 by a positioning pin 604 and a claw spring assembly 605. The positioning pin 604 is installed at the bottom of the cladding head side adapter plate 801, and the claw spring assembly 605 is installed on the turntable of the cladding head magazine 60. The positioning pin 604 and the claw spring assembly 605 are engaged. When the cladding head side quick-change component 80 moves parallel away from the center of the turntable, the positioning pin 604 disengages from the claw spring assembly 605. This prevents the cladding head side quick-change component 80 from disengaging from the turntable when it rotates, and also facilitates the disengagement of the cladding head side quick-change component 80 from the cladding head magazine 60 after the machine tool side quick-change component 70 and the cladding head side quick-change component 80 are docked, positioned, and clamped.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, a corresponding sensor is provided on the cladding head library 60 behind each cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 to detect the position of the cladding head 603, monitor the position of each cladding head 603 in real time, and facilitate the quick return or retrieval of the cladding head lower component / cladding head 603.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the axis motion system includes an X-axis base 10, a Y-axis crossbeam 30, a Z-axis column 40, and a worktable 20. The worktable 20 is disposed between two X-axis bases 10. Each X-axis base 10 is provided with a Z-axis column 40 that can move along its axial direction. A Y-axis crossbeam 30 that can move up and down is disposed between two Z-axis columns 40. A cladding head mounting plate that can move along its axial direction is disposed on the Y-axis crossbeam 30. The machine tool side quick-change assembly 70 is mounted on the cladding head mounting plate, realizing the movement of the machine tool side quick-change assembly 70 in the X, Y, and Z directions, making the position adjustment of the machine tool side quick-change assembly 70 convenient.

[0032] A quick-change method for the cladding head of a coaxial laser cladding device includes the following steps: S1. Based on process requirements, determine the required cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 and retrieve the corresponding number of cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 from the cladding head library 60 through the program; S2. After receiving the program instruction, the rotating component 601 in the cladding head library 60 rotates the corresponding numbered cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 to the replacement position, and then pushes this cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 out of the cladding head library 60 and transports it to the exchange position. S3. The equipment moves the upper component 50 of the fiber-optic cladding head to the corresponding switching position through the axis motion system. Then, the quick-change component 70 on the machine tool side and the quick-change component 80 on the cladding head side corresponding to the required cladding head 603 are docked, positioned and clamped. The cladding head 603 is then moved to separate from the cladding head magazine 60. When the sensor equipped with the cladding head 603 senses that the current position is empty, the cladding head magazine 60 changes from the extended state to the retracted state. At this point, the replacement of the cladding head 603 is completed.

[0033] Once the quick-change component is positioned and clamped, the cooling water, air, and powder circuits used in the cladding process are all connected.

[0034] The invention features seamless integration of all components, enabling true "one-click head replacement" and achieving "plug and play" industrial-grade quick replacement.

[0035] The installation process of this invention will be further described in detail below: When using the equipment, the required cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 is determined according to process requirements, and the corresponding number of cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 is retrieved from the library through the program. After receiving the program instruction, the rotating component 601 in the cladding head library 60 rotates the corresponding number of cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 to the replacement position through rotational movement, and then the linear motion component 602 pushes the cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 out of the cladding head library 60 and moves the cladding head lower component / cladding head 603 to the switching position. The equipment moves the fiber-optic cladding head upper component 50 to the corresponding switching position through the axis motion system. Next, the machine tool side quick-change assembly 70 and the cladding head side quick-change assembly 80 are positioned by the fixture positioning pin 703. Then, the pneumatic clamping mechanism 90 clamps the machine tool side quick-change assembly 70 and the cladding head side quick-change assembly 80, and moves the cladding head lower assembly / cladding head 603 forward to disengage it from the cladding head magazine 60. When the sensor on the cladding head magazine 60 side senses that the current position is empty, the cladding head magazine 60 changes from the extended state to the retracted state. At this point, the replacement of the cladding head lower assembly / cladding head 603 is completed.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cladding head quick-change device of a coaxial laser cladding equipment, characterized in that, The application relates to a fiber-equipped cladding head upper assembly, a cladding head library, the fiber-equipped cladding head upper assembly is provided with a machine tool side quick-change assembly at the bottom, the machine tool side quick-change assembly is moved in X, Y and Z directions through an axis movement system; the cladding head library comprises a rotating assembly, a linear movement assembly, a plurality of cladding head lower assemblies / cladding heads and a plurality of quick-change connectors with one-way valves, the rotating assembly is used for rotating the required cladding head lower assembly / cladding head to a replacement position, the linear movement assembly is used for pushing the required cladding head lower assembly / cladding head out of the cladding head library to the replacement position, and each cladding head lower assembly / cladding head is provided with a cladding head side quick-change assembly; the machine tool side quick-change assembly and the cladding head side quick-change assembly are positioned and clamped through butt joint, so that the cladding head lower assembly / cladding head is quickly replaced, and at this time, the cooling water path, the gas path and the powder path used in the cladding process are connected.

2. The cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine tool side quick-change assembly comprises a machine tool side adapter plate, a machine tool side jig and a plurality of quick-change connectors with one-way valves, the machine tool side adapter plate is installed on the axis movement system, the machine tool side jig and the quick-change connectors with one-way valves are installed on the machine tool side adapter plate; the cladding head side quick-change assembly comprises a cladding head side adapter plate, a cladding head side jig and a plurality of quick-change connectors with one-way valves, the cladding head side adapter plate is installed on a rotating disc of the cladding head library, the cladding head side jig and the quick-change connectors with one-way valves are installed on the cladding head side adapter plate; the machine tool side jig corresponds to the cladding head side jig, and the quick-change connectors with one-way valves correspond to the quick-change connectors with one-way valves.

3. The cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machine tool side jig and the cladding head side jig are clamped through a pneumatic clamping mechanism, so that the machine tool side quick-change assembly and the cladding head side quick-change assembly are clamped.

4. The cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The machine tool side jig is provided with a jig positioning pin, the cladding head side jig is provided with a jig positioning hole matched with the jig positioning pin, the jig positioning pin is inserted into the jig positioning hole, and the machine tool side quick-change assembly and the cladding head side quick-change assembly are positioned through butt joint.

5. The laser cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The jig positioning pin comprises at least one cylindrical pin and at least one rhombic pin.

6. The laser cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quick-change connectors with one-way valves and the quick-change connectors with one-way valves are butt jointed, so that the cooling water path, the gas path and the powder path used in the cladding process are connected.

7. The laser cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the cladding head library, the cladding head lower assembly / cladding head is fixed in the cladding head library through a positioning locking pin and a claw spring assembly, the positioning locking pin is located at the bottom of the cladding head side adapter plate, the claw spring assembly is installed on the rotating disc of the cladding head library, and the positioning locking pin and the claw spring assembly are clamped; when the cladding head side quick-change assembly is moved in parallel away from the center of the rotating disc, the positioning locking pin and the claw spring assembly are disengaged.

8. The cladding head quick change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A corresponding sensor is arranged on the cladding head library behind each cladding head lower assembly / cladding head, and the sensor is used for detecting the position of the cladding head.

9. The laser cladding head quick-change device of the coaxial laser cladding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis movement system comprises X-axis bases, a Y-axis cross beam, Z-axis columns and a workbench, the workbench is arranged between the two X-axis bases, one Z-axis column which can move along the axis direction is arranged on each X-axis base, the Y-axis cross beam which can move up and down is arranged between the two Z-axis columns, the cladding head mounting plate which can move along the axis direction is arranged on the Y-axis cross beam, the machine tool side quick-change assembly is installed on the cladding head mounting plate, and the machine tool side quick-change assembly is moved in X, Y and Z directions.

10. A cladding head quick change method of a coaxial laser cladding device, implemented based on the cladding head quick change device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, according to the process needs, determine the required use of cladding head subassembly / cladding head, through the program to call the corresponding number of cladding head subassembly / cladding head in the cladding head library; S2, after the equipment accepts the program instruction, the rotating assembly in the cladding head library will rotate the corresponding number of cladding head subassembly / cladding head to the replacement position, then push the cladding head subassembly / cladding head out of the cladding head library to the exchange position; S3, the equipment moves the cladding head upper assembly with optical fiber to the corresponding exchange position, then the machine tool side quick change assembly and the corresponding cladding head side quick change assembly of the required cladding head subassembly / cladding head are butt jointed, positioned and clamped, and the cladding head subassembly / cladding head is translated and separated from the cladding head library, when the sensor equipped with the cladding head subassembly / cladding head senses the vacancy of the current position, the cladding head library changes from the extended state to the retracted state, thus the cladding head replacement is completed; Wherein, after the quick change assembly completes positioning and clamping, the cooling water path, gas path and powder path for the cladding process are all connected.

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