A phased self-resetting device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of building structure anti-seismic technology, in particular to a staged self-resetting device. In order to solve the problem of many defects of the self-resetting component in the prior art, a staged self-resetting device is provided, which comprises a shell assembly, a connecting assembly and two self-resetting components. The shell assembly comprises a hollow shell. The two self-resetting components are distributed in the hollow shell in an up-down mode, each self-resetting component comprises a telescopic cylinder capable of stretching and retracting in an up-down mode and a pre-pressing ring spring. The connecting assembly comprises an inner rod, a top annular pressing part, a middle annular pressing part and a bottom annular pressing part. The self-resetting device is provided with two self-resetting components and a staged tension interval and a staged compression interval, so that the device realizes staged self-resetting, can be matched and adapted to different seismic states, and the material cost and manufacturing cost of the restoring force source of the self-resetting component are reduced.

Description

A staged self-resetting device Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic resistance technology for building structures, specifically a phased self-resetting device. Background Technology

[0002] With advancements in construction technology and increased investment in buildings, the number of structural collapses and casualties has been effectively controlled. However, the economic losses and social impacts caused by earthquakes remain enormous. Rapid restoration of structural function after an earthquake can effectively reduce indirect economic losses.

[0003] To meet the requirements of major earthquakes, traditional self-resetting components often require a large restoring force source (large-size spring) and a high preload to ensure their recovery capability under strong earthquakes. This leads to a significant increase in the material and manufacturing costs of the restoring force source itself. At the same time, traditional self-resetting components usually rely on a single restoring force source to provide stiffness and restoring force. For example, a self-resetting component based on parallel high-strength steel preloaded ring springs (patent number 201910017411.4) exhibits a rapid increase in restoring force with displacement during moderate earthquakes, which can easily trigger a large reaction force. This increases the acceleration response of the connected structure, and the higher acceleration further amplifies the inertial force of the floors, which is detrimental to the overall dynamic performance of the building structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned defects of the self-resetting components in the prior art, the present invention provides a staged self-resetting device.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0006] A staged self-resetting device includes a housing assembly, a connecting assembly, and two self-resetting components;

[0007] The outer shell assembly includes a hollow shell with a central sliding hole on the top surface of the hollow shell. A first annular support member, a second annular support member, a third annular support member, and a fourth annular support member are fixed on the inner wall of the hollow shell, arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0008] Two self-resetting components are distributed vertically within the hollow shell. Each self-resetting component includes a telescopic cylinder that can extend vertically and a preloaded ring spring. The telescopic cylinder is coaxially arranged with the hollow shell. The top and bottom ends of the telescopic cylinder are respectively circumferentially extended with an upper abutment ring plate and a lower abutment ring plate. The preloaded ring spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic cylinder and is locked between the upper and lower abutment ring plates to form a preloaded ring spring assembly. The upper preloaded ring spring assembly is located between the bottom surface of the first annular support and the top surface of the second annular support, and the lower preloaded ring spring assembly is located between the bottom surface of the third annular support and the top surface of the fourth annular support.

[0009] The connecting assembly includes an inner rod, a top annular clamping member, a middle annular clamping member, and a bottom annular clamping member. The bottom end of the inner rod slides into the hollow shell through the central sliding hole. The inner diameter of the telescopic cylinder is larger than the diameter of the inner rod. The top, middle, and bottom annular clamping members are all located inside the hollow shell and are spaced apart vertically. The top, middle, and bottom annular clamping members are all fitted onto the inner rod. In the initial state, the bottom end face of the top annular clamping member abuts against the upper abutment ring located at the top. The top surface of the middle annular clamping member abuts against the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate located above. A staged compression gap is provided between the bottom end surface of the middle annular clamping member and the top surface of the upper abutting ring plate located below. A staged tension gap is provided between the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member and the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate located below. A compression clearance gap is provided between the bottom end surface of the bottom annular clamping member and the inner bottom surface of the hollow shell. A tension clearance gap is provided between the top surface of the top annular clamping member and the inner top surface of the hollow shell.

[0010] Principle explanation: In use, the top end of the inner rod and the bottom end of the hollow shell in the self-resetting device described above are both hinged to the external components; a preload is applied to the preloaded ring spring assembly in advance. Under the action of seismic load, the self-resetting device bears axial tensile and compressive loads, while the preloaded ring spring assembly always bears compressive loads.

[0011] The self-resetting device withstands compressive loads: During minor earthquakes, stiffness and restoring force are achieved by the preload of the preloaded ring spring assembly itself; during moderate earthquakes, the self-resetting device achieves its stiffness and restoring force only through the first stage, i.e., the inner rod moves downward, and the top annular clamping member also moves downward, compressing the upper preloaded ring spring. Because there is a staged compression gap between the bottom end face of the middle annular clamping member and the top surface of the lower upper abutting ring plate, the lower preloaded ring spring is not subjected to pressure; during major earthquakes, after the first stage, the bottom end face of the middle annular clamping member abuts against the top surface of the lower lower abutting ring plate. As the inner rod continues to move downward, the lower preloaded ring spring is also subjected to pressure. At this time, the preloaded ring springs in both self-resetting components are subjected to pressure, thus achieving its stiffness and restoring force under compressive loads through two stages; during extreme earthquakes, as the inner rod continues to move downward, the upper preloaded ring spring is compacted, and the stiffness of the component continues to increase, preventing structural collapse.

[0012] The self-resetting device withstands tensile loads: During minor earthquakes, the preload of the preloaded ring spring assembly itself provides stiffness and restoring force; during moderate earthquakes, the self-resetting device achieves its stiffness and restoring force only in the first stage, i.e., the inner rod moves upward, and the middle annular clamping member also moves upward, compressing the upper preloaded ring spring. Because there is a staged tension gap between the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member and the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate, the lower preloaded ring spring is not subjected to pressure; during major earthquakes, after the first stage, the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member abuts against the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate. As the inner rod continues to move upward, the lower preloaded ring spring is also subjected to pressure. At this time, the preloaded ring springs in both self-resetting components are subjected to pressure, thus achieving its stiffness and restoring force under tensile loads through two stages; during extreme earthquakes, as the inner rod continues to move upward, the upper preloaded ring spring is compacted, and the stiffness of the component continues to increase, preventing structural collapse.

[0013] Furthermore, each self-resetting component includes a fixed sleeve, each fixed sleeve slidingly fitted onto the inner rod. Each fixed sleeve has an upper fixing ring at its top end and a lower fixing ring at its bottom end. The top annular clamping member has a top clearance groove in the center of its bottom surface, with the upper fixing ring located within this groove. The middle annular clamping member has an upper clearance groove in the center of its top surface, with the lower fixing ring located within this groove. An upper clearance gap exists between the upper lower fixing ring and the upper clearance groove. The middle annular clamping member has a... The device features a lower clearance groove, within which the upper fixing ring is located. A bottom clearance groove is also provided in the center of the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member. A lower clearance gap exists between the lower fixing ring and the bottom clearance groove. The upper fixing ring and its corresponding lower fixing ring are positioned to engage the upper preloaded ring spring assembly during modular assembly of the self-resetting component. This structure allows for modularization of the self-resetting component and enables preload to be applied to the preloaded ring spring assembly before assembly of the self-resetting device.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower fixing ring is an adjusting nut threaded to the bottom end of the fixing sleeve, which facilitates the adjustment of the preload of the preloaded ring spring assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjusting nut is a double-nut structure consisting of a first adjusting nut and a second adjusting nut, which makes the structure more specific and standardized.

[0016] Furthermore, the hollow shell includes a top cover, an upper cylinder, a middle cylinder, and a bottom shell arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A central sliding hole is located in the top cover. The bottom end of the top cover is threadedly connected to the top end of the upper cylinder. The bottom end of the upper cylinder is threadedly connected to the top end of the middle cylinder. The bottom end of the middle cylinder is threadedly connected to the top end of the bottom shell. A first annular support is located on the inner wall of the upper cylinder. The second and third annular supports are both located on the inner wall of the middle cylinder. A fourth annular support is located on the inner wall of the bottom shell. The specificity and standardization of the hollow shell structure facilitates the adjustment of the distance between the bottom surfaces of the first and second annular supports, as well as the distance between the bottom surfaces of the third and fourth annular supports, according to actual design requirements.

[0017] Furthermore, the top annular clamping component, the middle annular clamping component, and the bottom annular clamping component are all threaded to the inner rod for easy assembly and disassembly.

[0018] Furthermore, each telescopic cylinder includes an upper inner cylinder and a lower inner cylinder distributed vertically, with the upper inner cylinder slidingly fitted onto the lower inner cylinder. The structure of the first telescopic cylinder is specific and standardized, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0019] Furthermore, the top of the inner rod and the outer bottom surface of the bottom shell are provided with connecting ears for hinged connection with external components, making the structure more specific and standardized.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The self-resetting device of this invention, by employing two self-resetting components and setting staged tension and compression spacing, enables the device to achieve staged self-resetting and adapt to different earthquake conditions, reducing the material and manufacturing costs of the restoring force source of the self-resetting component itself; at the same time, in the case of moderate earthquake, only the upper preloaded ring spring assembly of the self-resetting device of this invention is activated, which provides a gentler load-displacement relationship, effectively avoiding the problem of excessive activation of the restoring force of traditional self-resetting components under moderate earthquake, thereby reducing the peak acceleration transmitted to external components, reducing the demand for floor shear force and component inertial force, and reducing the probability of damage to non-structural components (such as curtain walls and electromechanical systems); in addition, the self-resetting component is a modular structure, which can be pre-modularly installed. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-resetting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the self-resetting component described in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the state of the self-resetting device of the present invention in the first stage when it is under pressure;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second stage of the self-resetting device of the present invention under pressure.

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the state of the self-resetting device of the present invention in the first stage when it is under tension;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the second stage of the self-resetting device of the present invention under tension;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the two-stage hysteresis curve of the self-resetting device of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1-Outer shell assembly, 101-Hollow shell, 1011-Top cover, 1012-Upper cylinder, 1013-Middle cylinder, 1014-Bottom shell, 102-First annular support, 103-Second annular support, 104-Third annular support, 105-Fourth annular support, 2-Connecting assembly, 201-Inner rod, 202-Top annular clamping component, 203-Middle annular clamping component, 204-Bottom annular clamping component, 205-Stage compression spacing, 206-Stage tension spacing, 2 07-Pressure clearance, 208-Tension clearance, 209-Top clearance groove, 210-Upper clearance groove, 211-Lower clearance groove, 212-Bottom clearance groove, 213-Connecting ear, 3-Self-resetting component, 301-Telescopic cylinder, 3011-Upper inner cylinder, 3012-Lower inner cylinder, 302-Upper abutment ring plate, 303-Lower abutment ring plate, 304-Preload ring spring, 305-Fixing sleeve, 306-Upper fixing ring, 307-First adjusting nut, 308-Second adjusting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the solutions of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0032] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention, but the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a phased self-resetting device includes a housing assembly 1, a connecting assembly 2, and two self-resetting components 3.

[0035] The outer shell assembly 1 includes a hollow shell 101. The top surface of the hollow shell 101 is provided with a central sliding hole. The inner wall of the hollow shell 101 is fixed with a first annular support member 102, a second annular support member 103, a third annular support member 104, and a fourth annular support member 105, which are distributed from top to bottom at intervals.

[0036] Two self-resetting components 3 are distributed vertically within the hollow shell 101. Each self-resetting component 3 includes a telescopic cylinder 301 that can extend vertically and a pre-compression ring spring 304. The telescopic cylinder 301 is coaxially arranged with the hollow shell 101. The top and bottom ends of the telescopic cylinder 301 are respectively circumferentially extended with an upper abutment ring plate 302 and a lower abutment ring plate 303. The pre-compression ring spring 304 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic cylinder 301 and is locked between the upper abutment ring plate 302 and the lower abutment ring plate 303 to form a pre-compression ring spring assembly. The upper pre-compression ring spring assembly is located between the bottom surface of the first annular support 102 and the top surface of the second annular support 103. The lower pre-compression ring spring assembly is located between the bottom surface of the third annular support 104 and the top surface of the fourth annular support 105.

[0037] The connecting assembly 2 includes an inner rod 201, a top annular clamping member 202, a middle annular clamping member 203, and a bottom annular clamping member 204. The bottom end of the inner rod 201 slides into the hollow housing 101 through the central sliding hole. The inner diameter of the telescopic cylinder 301 is larger than the diameter of the inner rod 201. The top annular clamping member 202, the middle annular clamping member 203, and the bottom annular clamping member 204 are all located inside the hollow housing 101 and are distributed vertically at intervals. The top annular clamping member 202, the middle annular clamping member 203, and the bottom annular clamping member 204 are all sleeved on the inner rod 201. In the initial state, the bottom end face of the top annular clamping member 202 abuts against the upper part of the inner rod 201. The top surface of the upper abutting ring plate 302 and the top surface of the middle annular clamping member 203 abut against the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate 303 located at the top are provided with a staged pressure-bearing distance 205 between the bottom surface of the middle annular clamping member 203 and the top surface of the lower upper abutting ring plate 302 located at the bottom are provided with a staged tension-bearing distance 206 between the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member 204 and the bottom surface of the lower lower abutting ring plate 303 located at the bottom are provided with a pressure-bearing clearance distance 207 between the bottom surface of the bottom annular clamping member 204 and the inner bottom surface of the hollow shell 101 are provided with a tension-bearing clearance distance 208 between the top surface of the top annular clamping member 202 and the inner top surface of the hollow shell 101.

[0038] Principle explanation: In use, the top end of the inner rod 201 and the bottom end of the hollow shell 101 in the self-resetting device described above are both hinged to the external components; a preload is applied to the preloaded ring spring assembly in advance. Under the action of seismic load, the self-resetting device bears axial tensile and compressive loads, while the preloaded ring spring assembly always bears compressive loads.

[0039] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the self-resetting device bears the compressive load: during minor earthquakes, the stiffness and restoring force are achieved by the preload of the preloaded ring spring assembly itself; during moderate earthquakes, the self-resetting device achieves its stiffness and restoring force only through the first stage, that is: the inner rod 201 moves downward, and the top annular clamping member 202 also moves downward, and the upper preloaded ring spring 304 is compressed. Since there is a staged compression gap 205 between the bottom end face of the middle annular clamping member 203 and the top surface of the lower upper abutting ring plate 302, the lower preloaded ring spring 304 is not compressed. During a major earthquake, after the first stage, the bottom surface of the central annular clamping member 203 of the self-resetting device abuts against the top surface of the lower abutting ring plate 303. As the inner rod 201 continues to move downward, the pre-compression ring spring 304 located at the bottom is also subjected to pressure. At this time, the pre-compression ring springs 304 in both self-resetting components 3 are subjected to pressure, thereby achieving stiffness and restoring force when bearing compressive loads through two stages. During the maximum earthquake, as the inner rod 201 continues to move downward, the pre-compression ring spring located at the top is compacted, and the stiffness of the component continues to increase, preventing the structure from collapsing.

[0040] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the self-resetting device bears tensile loads: during minor earthquakes, the preload of the preloaded ring spring assembly itself provides stiffness and restoring force; during moderate earthquakes, the self-resetting device only achieves its stiffness and restoring force in the first stage, namely: the inner rod 201 moves upward, and the middle annular clamping member 203 also moves upward, and the upper preloaded ring spring 304 is compressed. Because there is a staged tension gap 206 between the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member 204 and the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate 303, the lower preloaded ring spring 304 is not subjected to pressure; During a major or extreme earthquake, after the first stage, the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member 204 of the self-resetting device abuts against the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate 303. As the inner rod 201 continues to move upward, the pre-compression ring spring 304 at the bottom is also under pressure. At this time, the pre-compression ring springs 304 in both self-resetting components 3 are under pressure, thus achieving its stiffness and restoring force under tensile load through two stages. During the extreme earthquake, as the inner rod 201 continues to move upward, the pre-compression ring spring 304 at the top is compacted, and the stiffness of the component continues to increase, preventing the structure from collapsing.

[0041] In specific implementation, each self-resetting component 3 includes a fixed sleeve 305, which slides up and down on the inner rod 201. Each fixed sleeve 305 has an upper fixing ring 306 at its top and a lower fixing ring at its bottom. The top annular pressing component 202 has a top clearance groove 209 in the center of its bottom surface. The upper fixing ring 306 is located within the top clearance groove 209. The middle annular pressing component 203 has an upper clearance groove 210 in the center of its top surface. The lower fixing ring is located within the upper clearance groove 210, and an upper clearance gap is provided between the lower fixing ring and the upper clearance groove 210. The bottom surface of component 203 has a lower clearance groove 211 in the middle. The upper fixing ring 306 located at the bottom is located in the lower clearance groove 211. The top surface of the bottom annular clamping component 204 has a bottom clearance groove 212 in the middle. The lower fixing ring located at the bottom is located in the bottom clearance groove 212, and there is a lower clearance gap between the lower fixing ring and the bottom clearance groove 212. The upper fixing ring 306 and the corresponding lower fixing ring are used to lock the upper preloaded ring spring assembly when the self-resetting component 3 is assembled modularly. The upper fixing ring 306 and the corresponding lower fixing ring are used to lock the lower preloaded ring spring assembly when the self-resetting component 3 is assembled modularly. This structure makes the self-resetting component 3 modular and allows the preloaded ring spring assembly to be preloaded in advance during the assembly of the self-resetting device.

[0042] In practice, the lower fixing ring is an adjusting nut that is threaded to the bottom end of the fixing sleeve 305, which facilitates the adjustment of the preload of the preload ring spring assembly by adjusting the adjusting nut.

[0043] In practice, the adjusting nut is a double-nut structure consisting of a first adjusting nut 307 and a second adjusting nut 308, which makes the structure specific and standardized.

[0044] In specific implementation, the hollow shell 101 includes a top cover 1011, an upper cylinder 1012, a middle cylinder 1013, and a bottom shell 1014 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A central sliding hole is provided in the top cover 1011. The bottom end of the top cover 1011 is threadedly connected to the top end of the upper cylinder 1012. The bottom end of the upper cylinder 1012 is threadedly connected to the top end of the middle cylinder 1013. The bottom end of the middle cylinder 1013 is threadedly connected to the top end of the bottom shell 1014. The first annular support 102 is located on the inner wall of the upper cylinder 1012. The second annular support 103 and the third annular support 104 are both located on the inner wall of the middle cylinder 1013. The fourth annular support 105 is located on the inner wall of the bottom shell 1014. The specification and standardization of the hollow shell 101 structure facilitates the adjustment of the distance between the bottom surface of the first annular support 102 and the bottom surface of the second annular support 103, as well as the distance between the bottom surface of the third annular support 104 and the top surface of the fourth annular support 105, according to actual design requirements.

[0045] In practice, the top annular clamping member 202, the middle annular clamping member 203, and the bottom annular clamping member 204 are all threadedly connected to the inner rod 201 for easy assembly and disassembly.

[0046] In specific implementation, each telescopic cylinder 301 includes an upper inner cylinder 3011 and a lower inner cylinder 3012 distributed vertically, with the upper inner cylinder 3011 slidingly fitted over the lower inner cylinder 3012. The structure of the first telescopic cylinder 301 is specific and standardized, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0047] In practice, the top end of the inner rod 201 and the outer bottom surface of the bottom shell 1014 are provided with connecting ears 213 for hinged connection with external components, thus making the structure more specific and standardized.

[0048] To fully illustrate the implementation process of the self-resetting device described in this invention, a schematic diagram of the two-stage hysteresis curve of the self-resetting device is presented, as shown in Figure 7. During minor earthquakes, the preload of the preloaded ring spring assembly itself provides stiffness and load-bearing capacity, and the curve moves along OI (OS). During moderate earthquakes, the upper preloaded ring spring 304 is stressed, and the curve moves along OIABGHIO (OSJKQRSO). During major earthquakes, both preloaded ring springs 304 are stressed, and the curve moves along OIABCDFGHIO (OSJKLMPQRSO), making the hysteresis curve more complete. During extreme earthquakes, both preloaded ring springs 304 are compacted, and the curve moves along OIABCDEFGHIO (OSJKLMPNPQRSO).

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A staged self-resetting device, characterized in that, The system includes a housing assembly (1), a connecting assembly (2), and two self-resetting components (3). The housing assembly (1) includes a hollow shell (101), with a central sliding hole on the top surface of the hollow shell (101). A first annular support (102), a second annular support (103), a third annular support (104), and a fourth annular support (105) are fixed on the inner wall of the hollow shell (101) at intervals from top to bottom. The two self-resetting components (3) are distributed vertically inside the hollow shell (101). Each self-resetting component (3) includes a telescopic cylinder (301) that can extend and retract vertically and a preloaded ring spring (304). The telescopic cylinder (301) and the hollow shell (101) are connected. The telescopic cylinder (301) is coaxially arranged with an upper abutment ring plate (302) and a lower abutment ring plate (303) extending circumferentially from its top and bottom ends, respectively. A preloaded ring spring (304) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic cylinder (301) and locked between the upper abutment ring plate (302) and the lower abutment ring plate (303) to form a preloaded ring spring assembly. The upper preloaded ring spring assembly is located between the bottom surface of the first annular support (102) and the top surface of the second annular support (103), and the lower preloaded ring spring assembly is located between the bottom surface of the third annular support (104) and the top surface of the fourth annular support (105). The connecting assembly (2) includes an inner rod (201), a top annular clamping member (202), and a middle... The annular clamping part (203) and the bottom annular clamping part (204) are arranged in a ring. The bottom end of the inner rod (201) slides into the hollow shell (101) through the central sliding hole. The inner diameter of the telescopic cylinder (301) is larger than the diameter of the inner rod (201). The top annular clamping part (202), the middle annular clamping part (203), and the bottom annular clamping part (204) are all located in the hollow shell (101) and are distributed vertically at intervals. The top annular clamping part (202), the middle annular clamping part (203), and the bottom annular clamping part (204) are all fixed on the inner rod (201). In the initial state, the bottom end face of the top annular clamping part (202) abuts against the top surface of the upper abutting ring plate (302) located at the top. The top surface of the middle annular clamping member (203) abuts against the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate (303) located at the top. A staged pressure-bearing distance (205) is provided between the bottom surface of the middle annular clamping member (203) and the top surface of the upper abutting ring plate (302) located at the bottom. A staged tension-bearing distance (206) is provided between the top surface of the bottom annular clamping member (204) and the bottom surface of the lower abutting ring plate (303) located at the bottom. A pressure-bearing clearance distance (207) is provided between the bottom surface of the bottom annular clamping member (204) and the inner bottom surface of the hollow shell (101). A tension-bearing clearance distance (208) is provided between the top surface of the top annular clamping member (202) and the inner top surface of the hollow shell (101).

2. The staged self-resetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each self-resetting component (3) includes a fixed sleeve (305), each fixed sleeve (305) is slidably fitted onto the inner rod (201), each fixed sleeve (305) has an upper fixed ring (306) at its top end and a lower fixed ring at its bottom end, the top annular clamping component (202) has a top clearance groove (209) in the middle of its bottom surface, the upper fixed ring (306) is located in the top clearance groove (209), the middle annular clamping component (203) has an upper clearance groove (210) in the middle of its top surface, the lower fixed ring is located in the upper clearance groove (210) and there is an upper clearance gap between the lower fixed ring and the upper clearance groove (210), the middle annular clamping component... The bottom surface of the component (203) is provided with a lower clearance groove (211) in the middle. The upper fixing ring component (306) located at the bottom is located in the lower clearance groove (211). The bottom annular clamping component (204) is provided with a bottom clearance groove (212) in the middle of the top surface. The lower fixing ring component located at the bottom is located in the bottom clearance groove (212) and there is a lower clearance gap between the lower fixing ring component located at the bottom and the bottom clearance groove (212). The upper fixing ring component (306) located at the top and the corresponding lower fixing ring component are used to lock the pre-compression ring spring assembly located at the top when assembling the self-resetting component (3) in a modular manner. The upper fixing ring component (306) located at the bottom and the corresponding lower fixing ring component are used to lock the pre-compression ring spring assembly located at the bottom when assembling the self-resetting component (3) in a modular manner.

3. The staged self-resetting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower fixing ring is an adjusting nut that is threaded to the bottom end of the fixing sleeve (305).

4. The staged self-resetting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting nut is a double nut structure consisting of a first adjusting nut (307) and a second adjusting nut (308).

5. A staged self-resetting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hollow shell (101) includes a top cover (1011), an upper cylinder (1012), a middle cylinder (1013), and a bottom shell (1014) arranged from top to bottom. A central sliding hole is provided in the top cover (1011). The bottom end of the top cover (1011) is threaded to the top end of the upper cylinder (1012). The bottom end of the upper cylinder (1012) is threaded to the top end of the middle cylinder (1013). The bottom end of the middle cylinder (1013) is threaded to the top end of the bottom shell (1014). The first annular support (102) is located on the inner wall of the upper cylinder (1012). The second annular support (103) and the third annular support (104) are both located on the inner wall of the middle cylinder (1013). The fourth annular support (105) is located on the inner wall of the bottom shell (1014).

6. The staged self-resetting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top annular clamping member (202), the middle annular clamping member (203), and the bottom annular clamping member (204) are all threadedly connected to the inner rod (201).

7. A staged self-resetting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each telescopic cylinder (301) includes an upper inner cylinder (3011) and a lower inner cylinder (3012) distributed vertically, with the upper inner cylinder (3011) slidingly sleeved around the lower inner cylinder (3012).

8. A staged self-resetting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top end of the inner rod (201) and the bottom surface of the bottom shell (1014) are provided with connecting lugs (213) for hinged connection with external components.

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