Ultrasonic dedusting and descaling economizer

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic dedusting and descaling economizer which comprises a shell and is characterized in that the shell is sequentially divided into a shell head, a shell middle and a shell tail in the smoke flow direction, a heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the inner space of the shell middle, and the end of the heat exchange pipeline extends out of the outside and is fixed to the side wall of the shell; an ultrasonic vibration plate is fixedly connected to the end of the heat exchange pipeline, a plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators are connected to the ultrasonic vibration plate in a coupled mode, a plurality of second ultrasonic vibrators are fixed to the inner wall of the tail of the shell, and the first ultrasonic vibrators and the second ultrasonic vibrators are connected with an ultrasonic control cabinet and are independently controlled by the ultrasonic control cabinet. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer realizes synchronous online dust and scale removal inside and outside the economizer, and has the advantages of thorough dust removal, low energy consumption, no damage and high automation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boiler energy saving and environmental protection technology, and in particular to an ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer. Background Technology

[0002] Economizers are key equipment in boiler systems for recovering waste heat from flue gas and improving boiler efficiency. However, during long-term operation, fly ash in the flue gas easily deposits on the outer wall of the economizer tube bundle, forming ash buildup, and scale forms inside the tubes due to water quality issues. This ash and scale significantly increases heat transfer resistance, leading to increased flue gas temperature, decreased boiler efficiency, and increased fuel consumption. In severe cases, it can even cause tube rupture accidents due to localized overheating, affecting system safety.

[0003] Currently, traditional economizer cleaning methods mainly include steam blowing, sonic blowing, and shock wave blowing. These methods primarily target external ash accumulation and suffer from problems such as incomplete cleaning, high energy consumption, impact damage to equipment, and potential secondary pollution. Therefore, developing a device and method that can simultaneously and efficiently remove ash and scale from the inner and outer walls of the economizer online, without requiring shutdown, causing no pollution, and consuming low energy, is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer. By using ultrasonic technology, it effectively prevents and removes fouling from the surface of heat exchange tubes. By ultrasonically treating the heat exchange tubes and the tail end of the flue gas, heat exchange efficiency can be increased and the service life of the equipment can be extended.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides an ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer, comprising a shell, characterized in that: the shell is divided into a head, a middle, and a tail section along the flue gas flow direction; a heat exchange pipe is provided in the internal space of the middle section, the end of the heat exchange pipe extends to the outside and is fixed to the side wall of the shell; an ultrasonic transducer plate is connected and fixed to the end of the heat exchange pipe; several first ultrasonic transducers are coupled to the ultrasonic transducer plate; several second ultrasonic transducers are fixed to the inner wall of the tail section; the first and second ultrasonic transducers are respectively connected to an ultrasonic control cabinet and are independently controlled by the ultrasonic control cabinet.

[0007] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dust and scale economizer provided by this invention also has the following feature: the heat exchange pipe is composed of multiple parallel serpentine finned tubes, which are connected in series through bends at both ends to form a continuous heat exchange channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dust and scale economizer provided by the present invention also has the following features: the elbows are exposed to the outside, all the elbows at the first end are welded and fixed to an ultrasonic vibrating plate, and all the elbows at the second end are welded and fixed to another ultrasonic vibrating plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dust and scale economizer provided by the present invention also has the following feature: the two ends of the heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is connected to a filter.

[0010] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer provided by the present invention also has the following features: the flue gas inlet of the outer shell is opened at the head of the outer shell, the flue gas outlet of the outer shell is opened at the tail of the outer shell, and the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are located in the same straight line direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dust and scale economizer provided by the present invention also has the following features: a high-speed airflow inlet pipe is provided at the upper part of the tail of the outer shell, and an ash hopper is provided at the lower part of the tail of the outer shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer provided by the present invention also has the following feature: the second ultrasonic transducer is symmetrically arranged on the opposite side walls at the tail of the outer shell.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. In the ultrasonic dust and scale economizer of this invention, in the main heat exchange zone in the middle of the economizer, an ultrasonic transducer plate is coupled to the outside of the bend of the serpentine finned tube. When the ultrasonic transducer plate is activated, the vibration generated by multiple first ultrasonic transducers is transmitted to the entire tube bundle through the transducer plate. This vibration acts on the inside of the tube, causing the scale on the inner wall to crack, peel off, and fall off through cavitation effect and mechanical force. On the other hand, it acts on the outside of the tube, breaking the adhesion between fly ash and the fins and tube wall, thereby simultaneously removing external ash. This invention simultaneously achieves online removal of scale inside the heat exchange tube and external ash, providing multiple functions in one machine. It overcomes the limitation of traditional cleaning methods that can only handle external ash, achieving true simultaneous internal and external cleaning.

[0015] 2. In the ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer of the present invention, in the deposition zone at the tail of the economizer, independent second ultrasonic transducers are set on both side walls and ultrasonic waves are emitted into space to suspend fine dust particles so that they cannot adhere, while shaking off the accumulated dust.

[0016] 3. In the ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer of the present invention, at the tail of the economizer, flue gas dust is deposited at the tail of the flue. The present invention realizes the high-speed coordinated directional airflow blown in from the upper high-speed airflow inlet to blow away the loosened dust, causing it to be lifted and enter the lower ash hopper to settle and be discharged. It realizes the seamless coordination of two dust removal modes: vibrating plate conduction and airflow assistance.

[0017] 4. In the ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer of the present invention, all first ultrasonic transducers and second ultrasonic transducers are uniformly controlled by the control cabinet, and the action time, frequency and intensity can be precisely set to achieve fully automatic and efficient operation.

[0018] 5. In the ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer of the present invention, a filter device is connected to the outlet pipe of the heat exchange tube to capture and filter scale fragments that fall off from the tube due to ultrasonic action, ensuring that the water flowing out of the economizer is clean, effectively protecting the subsequent pipelines and equipment, and improving the reliability of the system and the quality of the output water.

[0019] 6. The ultrasonic dust and scale economizer of the present invention uses ultrasonic cleaning at the molecular level, which has strong dust and scale removal power and avoids physical damage such as impact and deformation that may be caused to precision fins and heat exchange tubes by traditional steam blowing or mechanical cleaning methods. It effectively protects the equipment while cleaning efficiently and extends the service life of the economizer.

[0020] 7. The ultrasonic dust and scale economizer of the present invention can realize a specific internal and external synchronous online dust and scale removal method. This method is based on the economizer's structure, which is divided into a central main heat exchange zone and a tail deposition zone for coordinated cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ultrasonic dust removal and descaling economizer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of the ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic dust and scale economizer in the embodiment of the present invention at the location of the heat exchange pipeline.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic transducer and the first ultrasonic transducer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. First ultrasonic transducer; 2. Second ultrasonic transducer; 3. Flue gas inlet; 4. Flue gas outlet; 5. Outer shell; 5a. Head of outer shell; 5b. Middle of outer shell; 5c. Tail of outer shell; 6. Heat exchange pipe; 6a. Serpentine finned tube; 6b. Elbow; 7. High-speed airflow inlet pipe; 8. Ultrasonic control cabinet; 9. Filter; 10. Ash hopper; 11. Inlet pipe; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. Ultrasonic transducer plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the following embodiments, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will specifically illustrate the technical solution of this invention.

[0027] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides an ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer. The economizer housing 5 is divided into a head portion 5a, a middle portion 5b, and a tail portion 5c along the flue gas flow direction. The flue gas inlet is located at the head portion 5a, and the flue gas outlet is located at the tail portion 5c. The flue gas inlet and outlet are located in the same straight line direction.

[0028] A heat exchange pipe 6 is installed in the internal space of the middle part 5b of the economizer's outer shell. See also Figure 3 The heat exchange pipe 6 is composed of multiple parallel serpentine finned tubes 6a, which are connected in series through elbows 6b at both ends to form a continuous heat exchange channel.

[0029] See Figure 1 The heat exchange pipe 6 is connected to an inlet pipe 11 and an outlet pipe 12 at its two ends. The inlet pipe 11 is used for water supply, and the outlet pipe 12 is used for water discharge.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 The end of the heat exchange pipe 6 extends to the outside and is fixed to the side wall of the outer casing. The end elbows 6b of the heat exchange pipe 6 are exposed to the outside. All first-end elbows are fixed to an ultrasonic transducer plate 13, and all second-end elbows are fixed to another ultrasonic transducer plate 13. The ultrasonic transducer plate 13 is made of stainless steel and is tightly coupled to the surface of the elbow 6b by welding.

[0031] See Figure 4Several first ultrasonic transducers 1 are coupled to the ultrasonic transducer plate 13. In this embodiment, 50 first ultrasonic transducers 1 are evenly distributed on each ultrasonic transducer plate 13, and they are uniformly coupled to the ultrasonic transducer plate 13 by bolt fastening or welding. These first ultrasonic transducers 1 are connected to the ultrasonic control cabinet 8 through high-frequency cables, and their operation is controlled by the ultrasonic control cabinet 8. The ultrasonic control cabinet 8 can adjust relevant parameters such as ultrasonic action time, frequency, and intensity to ensure the quality of dust removal and descaling.

[0032] When the control cabinet 8 drives the first ultrasonic transducer 1 to work, the high-frequency mechanical vibration it generates is transmitted to the entire heat exchange pipe through the ultrasonic transducer plate 13. The strong ultrasonic energy is transmitted to the water inside the pipe through the pipe wall, triggering cavitation effect and shear force, causing the scale adhering to the inner wall of the pipe to break, peel off and fall off; at the same time, the vibration of the entire tube bundle and fins breaks the adhesion between fly ash and the metal pipe wall, allowing the dust accumulated on the outer surface and between the fins to loosen and fall off.

[0033] See Figure 1 Several second ultrasonic transducers 2 are fixed to the inner wall of the tail section 5c of the economizer. The second ultrasonic transducers 2 are symmetrically arranged on opposite side walls of the tail section 5c. In this embodiment, five second ultrasonic transducers 2 are arranged on a single side wall of the tail section 5c. Compared to the first ultrasonic transducer 1, the first ultrasonic transducer 1 uses a smaller size, while the second ultrasonic transducer 2 uses a larger size. The second ultrasonic transducers 2 are connected to the ultrasonic control cabinet 8 and are independently controlled by the ultrasonic control cabinet 8. These second ultrasonic transducers 2 are directly exposed to the flue gas, and their installation angle is adjustable to ensure that the sound field can effectively cover the tail section where dust easily accumulates.

[0034] When the control cabinet 8 drives the second ultrasonic transducer 2 to work, the powerful sound field it generates directly acts on the flue gas in the tail space and the equipment wall, so that the fine dust particles that are about to settle or have already settled are in a suspended state and cannot adhere, and vibrates the accumulated dust, causing it to fall off.

[0035] In this embodiment, 50 first ultrasonic transducers 1 are evenly distributed on each ultrasonic transducer plate 13, and 5 second ultrasonic transducers 2 are provided on one side wall of the tail end 5c of the outer shell. However, the number is not limited to this. In actual practice, the number of first ultrasonic transducers 1 and second ultrasonic transducers 2 can be adjusted according to the size of the economizer. For example, a small economizer can be equipped with fewer first ultrasonic transducers 1 and second ultrasonic transducers 2, while a large economizer can be equipped with more first ultrasonic transducers 1 and second ultrasonic transducers 2.

[0036] See Figure 1A high-speed airflow inlet pipe 7 is installed at the upper part of the tail section 5c of the economizer shell, which is connected to the blower via a pipe. A funnel-shaped ash hopper 10 is installed at the lower part of the tail section 5c. When the second ultrasonic transducer 2 is working, the high-speed airflow is activated in a timely manner. The airflow is blown in at a high speed from the high-speed airflow inlet pipe 7, working in conjunction with the second ultrasonic transducer 2: the ultrasonic waves loosen the accumulated ash, while the high-speed airflow forms a directional sweep, raising the loosened dust and carrying it into the ash hopper 10. The dust settles in the ash hopper 10 due to gravity and is eventually discharged periodically.

[0037] See Figure 1 A filter 9 is connected to the outlet pipe 12 of the heat exchange pipeline. Scale fragments that detach from inside the economizer enter the outlet pipe with the water flow and are effectively trapped by the filter 9. Regular cleaning or backwashing of the filter 9 can remove the scale from the system, thereby ensuring the quality of the supplied water and protecting downstream equipment.

[0038] The above embodiments are merely further explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should also be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise ratios, only for the purpose of conveniently and clearly illustrating the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer comprising a housing, characterized by: The shell is divided into a shell head, a shell middle part and a shell tail part along the flue gas flow direction, The inner space of the shell middle part is provided with heat exchange pipes, the ends of the heat exchange pipes extend to the outside and are fixed to the side wall of the shell, the ends of the heat exchange pipes are connected and fixed with ultrasonic vibration plates, and a plurality of first ultrasonic vibrators are coupled to the ultrasonic vibration plates, The inner wall of the shell tail part is fixed with a plurality of second ultrasonic vibrators, The first ultrasonic vibrators and the second ultrasonic vibrators are respectively connected with an ultrasonic control cabinet and are independently controlled by the ultrasonic control cabinet.

2. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: wherein The heat exchange pipes are composed of a plurality of parallel arranged serpentine finned pipes, the serpentine finned pipes are connected in series through the bends at the two ends to form a continuous heat exchange channel.

3. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: wherein The bends are exposed to the outside, all the first end bends are welded and fixed with one of the ultrasonic vibration plates, and all the second end bends are welded and fixed with another of the ultrasonic vibration plates.

4. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: wherein The heat exchange pipes are respectively connected with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe at the two ends, and the outlet pipe is connected with a filter.

5. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: wherein, The flue gas inlet of the shell is arranged at the shell head, the flue gas outlet of the shell is arranged at the shell tail part, and the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet are located in the same straight line direction.

6. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: wherein The upper part of the shell tail part is provided with a high-speed airflow inlet pipe, and the lower part of the shell tail part is provided with an ash bucket.

7. The ultrasonic dust and scale removal economizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: wherein, The second ultrasonic vibrators are symmetrically arranged on the opposite side walls of the shell tail part.

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