A full range spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of all-around spraying device of automobile special-shaped parts, it is related to spraying equipment field, including spraying workbench, multiple-angle adjusting mechanism being installed on spraying workbench, plate piece mould and spraying mechanism, multiple-angle adjusting mechanism includes transverse deflection plate, longitudinal deflection plate and negative pressure tooling assembly, transverse deflection plate is rotatably installed on spraying workbench, longitudinal deflection plate is rotatably installed on transverse deflection plate, and the deflection axis of transverse deflection plate is perpendicular to the deflection axis of longitudinal deflection plate, negative pressure tooling assembly includes multiple negative pressure columns, plate piece mould is sleeved on negative pressure column, the outer dimension of plate piece mould matches the outer dimension of the plate piece to be sprayed, the plate piece to be sprayed is attached on plate piece mould and is fixed by negative pressure column, several heating cavities are independently formed in plate piece mould, so that the spraying position of plate piece always tends to horizontal state, and by synchronous solidification, avoid the problem that coating flows due to its own gravity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spraying equipment, specifically to an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the automobile production process, the panels used for the car body need to be painted. Car bodies are often irregularly shaped panels, such as the curved panels of the hood and the bent panels of the tailgate. Due to their complex structures, such as continuous curved surfaces (the curvature radius of the hood is often 800-1500mm) and right-angle bends (the bending angle of the tailgate is often 90°-120°), painting these irregularly shaped panels is difficult. Currently, painting irregularly shaped panels is divided into manual and automatic painting. Manual painting requires handheld electrostatic spray guns to perform "multi-angle following spraying" around the irregularly shaped panel. After each section is sprayed, a waiting period of 5-8 minutes is required for the paint to initially level, preventing paint mixing and dripping when spraying across different areas. This method has low efficiency, and workers must wear respirators in a closed spray booth, where long-term exposure to volatile paints can easily lead to health problems. During automatic spraying, irregularly shaped panels cannot be dynamically adjusted in their spatial orientation after being fixed by mechanical clamps. The paint (especially water-based paint and high-solids paint) tends to flow along the inclined areas under the influence of gravity. Taking the curved panel of the hood as an example, when spraying the area below the curved surface (inclination angle of 15°-20°) after the tooling is fixed, if the spraying thickness needs to reach 40-50μm (corrosion protection requirement), the paint will form "liquid accumulation" at the lowest point of the curved surface, resulting in a local thickness exceeding 80μm. Meanwhile, the thickness above the curved surface drops to 25-30μm due to paint self-flow, resulting in a thickness difference of 50-55μm, which is far beyond the acceptable range. After spraying the vertical bending surface of the tailgate panel, the paint will flow downward along the vertical surface, forming "flow marks" at the bending point with a length of 3-5mm. This requires subsequent manual grinding and repair, increasing process costs. Moreover, grinding can easily damage the integrity of the coating and reduce its anti-corrosion performance. Secondly, after the automatic spraying is completed, the panels need to be picked up by a robotic arm or transported to the drying station by a conveyor belt. At this time, the paint is in an uncured state and is very easy to be damaged by contact. When the robotic arm picks up the panels, if the gripping point is the edge of the hood's curved surface, the silicone gripper is easy to come into contact with the uncured paint, causing "grip marks". If the gripping point is the horizontal panel of the tailgate's bent panel, the gripper pressure is easy to cause local paint indentation on the panel, forming permanent indentations. When the conveyor belt is transported, the vibration of the conveyor belt or the adhesion of impurities can easily cause "scratches" or "pits" to appear on the coating surface. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts, thereby solving the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts, comprising a spraying worktable, a multi-angle adjustment mechanism mounted on the spraying worktable, a sheet mold, and a spraying mechanism. The multi-angle adjustment mechanism includes a lateral deflection plate, a longitudinal deflection plate, and a negative pressure fixture assembly. The lateral deflection plate is rotatably mounted on the spraying worktable, and the longitudinal deflection plate is rotatably mounted on the lateral deflection plate. The deflection axes of the lateral deflection plate and the longitudinal deflection plate are both horizontally arranged, and the deflection axis of the lateral deflection plate is perpendicular to the deflection axis of the longitudinal deflection plate. The negative pressure fixture assembly includes multiple negative pressure columns, which are linearly mounted on the longitudinal deflection plate. On the plate, the negative pressure column has several negative pressure holes at the end away from the longitudinal deflection plate. The plate mold is fitted onto the negative pressure column, and the outer dimensions of the plate mold match the outer dimensions of the plate to be coated. The plate mold has through holes for the negative pressure column to pass through. The plate to be coated is attached to the plate mold and passes through the negative pressure column fixture. Several heating chambers are independently formed inside the plate mold. The coating mechanism includes a moving crossbeam, a coating slide, an electrostatic spray gun, and a hot air blower. The coating slide is slidably mounted on the moving crossbeam, and the moving direction of the coating slide is perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving crossbeam. The electrostatic spray gun and the hot air blower are both mounted on the coating slide, and the hot air blower is arranged behind the electrostatic spray gun.

[0005] Furthermore, each of the heating chambers is equipped with a hot air hose, which is connected to the air outlet pipe of the hot air device, and each hot air hose is equipped with a solenoid valve.

[0006] Furthermore, each of the negative pressure columns is equipped with a fixed column, and the top of the fixed column is provided with an installation groove. The negative pressure column is slidably adapted to the installation groove. The fixed column is provided with a locking cavity on one side of the installation groove. The side wall of the installation groove near the locking cavity is provided with two vertical sliding grooves. The vertical sliding grooves are connected to the locking cavity. A guide column is slidably adapted in the vertical sliding groove. The guide column is fixedly connected to the negative pressure column. A locking mechanism is provided in the locking cavity. The locking mechanism is provided near the top of the fixed column. The locking mechanism includes a locking slider. Each guide column is equipped with a locking slider. The locking slider is used to press the guide column against the side wall of the vertical sliding groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the locking mechanism also includes a bidirectional threaded screw and a drive shaft. Both the bidirectional threaded screw and the drive shaft are rotatably mounted on a fixed post. The bidirectional threaded screw is perpendicular to the guide post. The locking sliders are threadedly fitted onto the bidirectional threaded screw, and the threads of the two locking sliders have opposite directions. Both the guide post and the bidirectional threaded screw are perpendicular to the drive shaft. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed post. A first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are respectively fitted onto the drive shaft and the bidirectional threaded screw, and the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0008] Furthermore, a drive screw is threadedly connected to the side wall of the fixed column. The drive screw is coaxial with the drive shaft. A mating hole is provided at one end of the drive shaft near the drive screw. A mating groove is provided on the side wall of the mating hole along its own axial direction. A mating slider is slidably adapted in the mating groove. The tail of the drive screw is movably inserted into the mating hole. The mating slider is fixedly connected to the drive screw.

[0009] Furthermore, the negative pressure column is provided with a negative pressure chamber, the negative pressure hole is connected to the negative pressure chamber, the negative pressure column is connected to a negative pressure device through a negative pressure hose, the side wall of the negative pressure column is provided with an air pressure hole, an air pressure shaft is slidably arranged in the air pressure hole, the negative pressure column is provided with an air pressure channel, one end of the air pressure channel is connected to the negative pressure chamber, and the other end is connected to the side of the air pressure hole, the end of the air pressure shaft away from the negative pressure chamber is provided with a central hole, the side wall of the air pressure shaft is provided with a side hole connected to the central hole, the side hole can be connected to the air pressure channel by moving the air pressure shaft, or the side wall of the side hole can be blocked to block the air pressure channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the negative pressure column is coaxially provided with a large-diameter hole at the air pressure hole. The diameter of the large-diameter hole is larger than that of the air pressure hole. A hollow drive column is slidably disposed in the large-diameter hole. One end of the air pressure shaft is fixedly connected to the hollow drive column. A spring is sleeved on the air pressure shaft. One end of the spring is connected to the hollow drive column, and the other end is connected to the step formed by the large-diameter hole and the air pressure hole. A hollow rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the large-diameter hole. Two grooves are symmetrically provided at the end of the hollow drive column near the hollow rotating shaft. The two grooves are connected by an arc-shaped groove. The arc-shaped groove is V-shaped, and the arc-shaped grooves are connected by a rounded transition. Two extrusion plates are symmetrically fixed on the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft. When the two extrusion plates are respectively located in the two grooves, the side hole connects to the air pressure channel. When the two extrusion plates are respectively located in the two arc-shaped grooves, the side hole and the air pressure channel are staggered.

[0011] Furthermore, a drive ring is fixedly fitted at the end of the hollow rotating shaft away from the hollow drive column, a lever is fixed to the side wall of the drive ring, an electric push rod is rotatably mounted on the negative pressure column, and the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the lever.

[0012] Furthermore, the spraying worktable has two fixed transverse supports, and a transverse rotating shaft is provided between the two transverse supports. The transverse rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the transverse supports. The transverse deflection plate is fixedly fitted on the transverse rotating shaft. A first motor is installed on one of the transverse supports, and the output shaft of the first motor is driven and connected to the transverse rotating shaft through a coupling. The transverse deflection plate has two fixed longitudinal supports, and a longitudinal rotating shaft is provided between the two longitudinal supports. The longitudinal rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the longitudinal supports. The longitudinal deflection plate is fixedly fitted on the longitudinal rotating shaft. A second motor is installed on one of the longitudinal supports, and the output shaft of the second motor is driven and connected to the longitudinal rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the spraying mechanism also includes a slide rail, a spraying base, and a spraying cylinder. Slide rails are arranged on both sides of the spraying workbench. The spraying base is slidably mounted on the slide rail. The spraying cylinder is vertically mounted on the top of the spraying base. The two ends of the moving crossbeam are respectively mounted on the telescopic shafts of the two spraying cylinders. A linear drive module is mounted on the bottom of the moving crossbeam. The spraying slide is mounted on the slide of the linear drive module.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1. During the spraying process, the angle of the irregularly shaped sheet is adjusted in real time through a multi-angle adjustment mechanism to keep the spraying position horizontal, greatly reducing the problem of paint flowing due to its own gravity. At the same time, a sheet mold is configured with several independent heating chambers. According to the spraying position of the irregularly shaped sheet, hot air is introduced into the heating chamber corresponding to that position to cure the fully sprayed area. This prevents the self-flowing problem when the sprayed area is tilted. Moreover, the heating chambers are independent of each other, only heating and curing the sprayed area, avoiding the unsprayed area being at a high temperature, which would affect the adhesion of the paint. This improves both processing efficiency and spraying effect.

[0016] 2. The coating is first heated intermittently through the plate mold to achieve initial curing. Then, the pre-cured coating is further cured by the hot air blower behind the electrostatic spray gun. The hot air blown out by the hot air blower acts directly on the coating, which can accelerate the curing of the coating. Since the coating has already been pre-cured and has no fluidity or poor fluidity, the hot air curing method will not cause the coating to flow, thus achieving simultaneous spraying and curing, and ensuring that the coating will not be scratched during automatic feeding. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sheet metal mold in the all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the negative pressure column in an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along line AA;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point D;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view at point C;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the hollow drive column and the hollow rotating shaft in this invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view at point F;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0030] In the diagram, 1-spraying workbench, 2-plate mold, 3-lateral deflection plate, 4-longitudinal deflection plate, 5-negative pressure column, 6-negative pressure hole, 7-through hole, 8-heating chamber, 9-moving crossbeam, 10-spraying slide, 11-electrostatic spray gun, 12-hot air blower, 13-fixed column, 14-mounting groove, 15-locking chamber, 16-vertical slide groove, 17-guide column, 18-locking slider, 19-double-acting threaded screw, 20-drive shaft, 21-first bevel gear, 22-second bevel gear, 23-drive screw, 24-connection hole, 25-connection slide groove, 26-connection slider, 27-negative pressure chamber, 28-air pressure hole, 2 9-Pneumatic shaft, 30-Pneumatic channel, 31-Center hole, 32-Side hole, 33-Large diameter hole, 34-Hollow drive column, 35-Spring, 36-Hollow rotating shaft, 37-Groove, 38-Arc groove, 39-Extrusion plate, 40-Drive ring, 41-Pulley, 42-Electric push rod, 43-Transverse support, 44-Transverse rotating shaft, 45-First motor, 46-Longitudinal support, 47-Longitudinal rotating shaft, 48-Second motor, 49-Slide rail, 50-Spraying base, 51-Spraying cylinder, 52-Linear drive module, 53-Annular heating chamber, 54-Angled hole, 55-Mounting step, 56-Annular mounting platform. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts includes a spraying worktable 1, a multi-angle adjustment mechanism mounted on the spraying worktable 1, a sheet metal mold 2, and a spraying mechanism. The multi-angle adjustment mechanism includes a lateral deflection plate 3, a longitudinal deflection plate 4, and a negative pressure fixture assembly. The lateral deflection plate 3 is rotatably mounted on the spraying worktable 1, and the longitudinal deflection plate 4 is rotatably mounted on the lateral deflection plate 3. The deflection axes of the lateral deflection plate 3 and the longitudinal deflection plate 4 are both horizontally arranged, and the deflection axis of the lateral deflection plate 3 is perpendicular to the deflection axis of the longitudinal deflection plate 4. The negative pressure fixture assembly includes multiple negative pressure columns 5, which are linearly mounted on the longitudinal deflection plate 4. Each negative pressure column 5 has several negative pressure holes 6 at its end away from the longitudinal deflection plate 4. The sheet metal mold... The two-piece mold 2 is mounted on the negative pressure column 5. The outer dimensions of the mold 2 match the outer dimensions of the plate to be coated. The mold 2 has through holes 7 for the negative pressure column 5 to pass through. The plate to be coated is attached to the mold 2 and passes through the negative pressure column 5. Several heating chambers 8 are independently formed inside the mold 2. The coating mechanism includes a moving crossbeam 9, a coating slide 10, an electrostatic spray gun 11, and a hot air blower 12. The coating slide 10 is slidably mounted on the moving crossbeam 9, and the direction of movement of the coating slide 10 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving crossbeam 9. The electrostatic spray gun 11 and the hot air blower 12 are both mounted on the coating slide 10. The hot air blower 12 is arranged behind the electrostatic spray gun 11. The number of negative pressure columns 5 is adjusted according to the size of the plate to be coated so that the plate to be coated can be heated. The maximum number of negative pressure columns 5 provide negative pressure adsorption support, resulting in a good negative pressure tooling effect. Excess negative pressure columns 5 are moved below the panel mold 2 to avoid interference with the panel to be coated. The height of the negative pressure columns 5 is adjusted according to the shape of the panel to be coated, ensuring they adapt to the shape for negative pressure support. The panel mold 2 is then installed on the corresponding negative pressure columns 5, with the tops of the columns passing through the corresponding through holes 7 on the mold 2. The robotic arm then uses negative pressure to load the panel to be coated onto the mold 2. The shape and dimensions of the mold 2 match the shape and dimensions of the panel to be coated, allowing the panel to adhere to the mold 2, providing support and facilitating better heat transfer. The negative pressure hole 6 of column 5 generates negative pressure to adsorb the plate, completing the tooling of the plate and leaving the top surface of the plate completely exposed, enabling unobstructed full-coverage spraying. Then, the surface of the plate is sprayed by the electrostatic spray gun 11. The movement of the moving beam 9 drives the electrostatic spray gun 11 to cover the width of the plate, and the movement of the spraying slide 10 drives the electrostatic spray gun 11 to cover the length of the plate, thus achieving full-coverage spraying of the plate surface. The spraying operation starts from one end of the plate and moves to the other. During the spraying process, the angle of the plate is adjusted in real time by a multi-angle adjustment mechanism to keep the spraying position horizontal. Specifically, the transverse deflection plate 3 drives the plate mold 2 and the plate on it to deflect along the X-axis.The longitudinal deflection plate 4 drives the panel mold 2 and the panel on it to deflect along the Y-axis. Through the deflection cooperation of the transverse deflection plate 3 and the longitudinal deflection plate 4, the spraying position of the panel can be deflected to an approximately horizontal state, greatly reducing the problem of paint flowing due to its own gravity. The panel spraying operation is completed by spraying and drying simultaneously. Specifically, the panel mold 2 is equipped with several independent heating chambers. According to the spraying position of the irregularly shaped panel, hot air is introduced into the corresponding heating chamber 8 to cure the fully sprayed area. This prevents the fully sprayed area from flowing when deflected into an inclined state. Furthermore, the heating chambers are independent of each other, only heating and curing the fully sprayed area to avoid exposing unsprayed areas to high temperatures that could affect paint adhesion. This is preliminary curing, ensuring that the panel can be sprayed on the next area after deflection. There is no paint flow issue in the sprayed area. The paint is further cured by the hot air blower 12 behind the electrostatic spray gun 11. The hot air blown by the hot air blower 12 acts directly on the paint, which can accelerate the curing of the paint. Since the paint has been initially cured and has little or no fluidity, the hot air curing method will not cause the paint to flow, thus achieving simultaneous spraying and curing. This ensures that the coating will not be scratched during automatic unloading. After spraying, the robotic arm unloads the board. Since the paint on the board has been cured, it can be unloaded immediately without waiting for the paint on the board to cure, thus avoiding the problem of scratching the paint. This improves both spraying quality and efficiency. Then the robotic arm loads the next board to be sprayed onto the board mold 2 for spraying. In this way, batch spraying operations are realized, achieving industrialization.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the spraying mechanism also includes a slide rail 49, a spraying base 50, and a spraying cylinder 51. Slide rails 49 are arranged on both sides of the spraying workbench 1. A spraying base 50 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 49. A spraying cylinder 51 is vertically mounted on the top of the spraying base 50. The two ends of the moving beam 9 are respectively mounted on the telescopic shafts of the two spraying cylinders 51. A linear drive module 52 is mounted on the bottom of the moving beam 9. A spraying slide 10 is mounted on the slide of the linear drive module 52. Each spraying base 50 is equipped with a lead screw linear drive module. The side wall of the spraying base 50 is connected to the slide of the lead screw linear drive module. The lead screw linear drive module drives the spraying base 50 to move on the slide rail 49. The two lead screw linear drive modules are equipped with encoders to realize the synchronous movement of the two spraying bases 50, which in turn drives the moving crossbeam 9 to move. Then, the linear drive module 52 drives the spraying slide 10 to move, so that the electrostatic spray gun 11 has the freedom to move along the X and Y axes on the horizontal plane, which can cover the surface of the board to realize the spraying operation. The extension and retraction of the spraying cylinder 51 drives the spraying slide 10 to move up and down, which can adjust the height distance between the electrostatic spray gun 11 and the board, thereby adapting to the irregular surface of the board and ensuring that the spraying height remains unchanged.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Based on Embodiment 1, each heating chamber 8 is equipped with a hot air hose, which is connected to the air outlet pipe of the hot air equipment. Each hot air hose is equipped with an electromagnetic valve. Hot air is supplied by the hot air equipment, and the electromagnetic valve on the hot air hose can control the independent heating of multiple heating chambers 8. The board mold 2 has exhaust holes at the corresponding positions of each heating chamber 8, so that only the areas of the board that have been sprayed are heated and cured sequentially, and the board is not continuously heated, so as to avoid the temperature of the unsprayed areas of the board being too high and affecting the adhesion strength of the coating.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] Because the plate mold 2 has a through hole 7 for the negative pressure column 5 to pass through, the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole 7 cannot be heated, and the paint at this position is prone to self-flowing. Therefore, based on Example 2, as follows... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an annular heating cavity 53 is formed around the through hole 7 in the plate mold 2. An inclined hole 54 is formed on the side wall of the through hole 7. The lower end of the inclined hole 54 is connected to the annular heating cavity 53. Hot air enters the annular heating cavity 53 and heats the plate around the through hole 7. The hot air in the annular heating cavity 53 is blown out through the inclined hole 54. The hot air acts on the plate at an angle upward under the action of the inclined hole 54, so that the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole 7 can be effectively heated, avoiding the problem of paint self-flow at the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole 7.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] Based on Example 3, such as Figure 1 and Figure 11As shown, two transverse supports 43 are fixed on the spraying workbench 1, and a transverse rotating shaft 44 is provided between the two transverse supports 43. The transverse rotating shaft 44 is rotatably connected to the transverse supports 43. A transverse deflection plate 3 is fixedly fitted on the transverse rotating shaft 44. A first motor 45 is installed on one of the transverse supports 43. The output shaft of the first motor 45 is connected to the transverse rotating shaft 44 through a coupling. The first motor 45 drives the transverse rotating shaft 44 to deflect, and the transverse rotating shaft 44 drives the transverse deflection plate 3 to deflect, thereby realizing the angle adjustment in the X-axis direction. Two longitudinal supports 46 are fixed on the transverse deflection plate 3, and a longitudinal rotating shaft 47 is provided between the two longitudinal supports 46. The longitudinal rotating shaft 47 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal supports. 46. ​​The longitudinal deflection plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal rotating shaft 47. A second motor 48 is installed on one of the longitudinal supports 46. The output shaft of the second motor 48 is connected to the longitudinal rotating shaft 47. The second motor 48 drives the longitudinal rotating shaft 47 to deflect, and the longitudinal rotating shaft 47 drives the longitudinal deflection plate 4 to deflect, thereby realizing the angle adjustment in the Y-axis direction. The cooperation between the transverse deflection plate 3 and the longitudinal deflection plate 4 can adjust the plate in multiple directions and angles, so that the spraying position of the plate tends to be horizontal. This ensures that the paint will not flow during the spraying process. Then, with the help of heat curing, the paint can be cured quickly, ensuring that the paint in the already sprayed area will not flow during the subsequent deflection spraying process.

[0040] Example 5

[0041] Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, each negative pressure column 5 is equipped with a fixed column 13. The top of the fixed column 13 has a mounting groove 14, and the negative pressure column 5 slides within the mounting groove 14. A locking cavity 15 is provided on one side of the mounting groove 14. Two vertical sliding grooves 16 are provided on the side wall of the mounting groove 14 near the locking cavity 15, connecting to the locking cavity 15. Guide columns 17 slide within the vertical sliding grooves 16, and the guide columns 17 are fixedly connected to the negative pressure column 5. A locking mechanism is provided within the locking cavity 15, located near the top of the fixed column 13. The locking mechanism includes a locking slider. 18. Each guide post 17 is equipped with a locking slider 18. The locking slider 18 is used to press the guide post 17 against the side wall of the vertical slide groove 16. The height of the negative pressure post 5 is adjusted by sliding the negative pressure post 5 in the mounting groove 14. During the movement of the negative pressure post 5, the guide post 17 is moved synchronously in the vertical slide groove 16 to adapt to the irregular shape of the plate. After the position of the negative pressure post 5 is moved into place, the locking slider 18 moves close to the guide post 17 to press the locking slider 18 against the guide post 17, thereby locking the position of the negative pressure post 5 and making the height position of the negative pressure post 5 more stable.

[0042] Furthermore, the locking mechanism also includes a bidirectional threaded screw 19 and a drive shaft 20. Both the bidirectional threaded screw 19 and the drive shaft 20 are rotatably mounted on the fixed post 13. The bidirectional threaded screw 19 is perpendicular to the guide post 17. Locking sliders 18 are threadedly fitted onto the bidirectional threaded screw 19, with the threads of the two locking sliders 18 having opposite directions. Both the guide post 17 and the bidirectional threaded screw 19 are perpendicular to the drive shaft 20. The drive shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the fixed post 13. A first bevel gear 21 and a second bevel gear 22 are respectively fitted onto the drive shaft 20 and the bidirectional threaded screw 19. The second bevel gear 22 meshes with the first bevel gear 21. Rotating the drive shaft 20 causes the bidirectional threaded screw 19 to rotate through the meshing of the first bevel gear 21 and the second bevel gear 22. This causes the two locking sliders 18 to move linearly along the axial direction of the bidirectional threaded screw 19 in opposite directions, thereby causing the two locking sliders 18 to press against the two guide posts 17 respectively, thus locking the negative pressure column 5. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the negative pressure column 5 again, simply rotate the drive shaft 20 in the opposite direction to separate the locking sliders 18 from the guide posts 17.

[0043] Example 6

[0044] Since the locking slider 18 and the guide post 17 are locked together by friction, in order to prevent the drive shaft 20 from rotating on its own and causing the negative pressure post 5 to move downward, therefore, based on embodiment five, as follows: Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a drive screw 23 is threadedly connected to the side wall of the fixed column 13. The drive screw 23 is coaxial with the drive shaft 20. A mating hole 24 is provided at one end of the drive shaft 20 near the drive screw 23. A mating groove 25 is provided on the side wall of the mating hole 24 along its own axial direction. A mating slider 26 is slidably adapted in the mating groove 25. The tail of the drive screw 23 moves into the mating hole 24. The mating slider 26 is fixedly connected to the drive screw 23. Through the sliding adaptation between the mating groove 25 and the mating slider 26, the drive shaft 20 and the drive screw 23 have relative linear movement freedom, so that the drive shaft 20 will not follow the drive screw 23 along its own axial direction. When the drive screw 23 rotates, it moves axially and performs a precession motion, which includes linear movement and rotation. The rotation of the drive screw 23 will drive the drive shaft 20 to rotate together, and the drive screw 23 moves axially along the drive shaft 20. This allows the drive screw 23 to perform a precession motion smoothly while also driving the drive shaft 20 to rotate. By tightening the drive screw 23, the locking slider 18 is pressed against the guide post 17, thus locking the position of the negative pressure post 5. The threaded connection of the drive screw 23 locks the position of the drive shaft 20, ensuring that the drive shaft 20 will not rotate on its own, thereby improving the stability of the negative pressure post 5.

[0045] Example 7

[0046] Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, the negative pressure column 5 has a negative pressure chamber 27, and a negative pressure hole 6 connects to the negative pressure chamber 27. The negative pressure column 5 is connected to a negative pressure device via a negative pressure hose. A pressure hole 28 is opened on the side wall of the negative pressure column 5, and a pressure shaft 29 is slidably installed within the pressure hole 28. A pressure channel 30 is provided inside the negative pressure column 5. One end of the pressure channel 30 connects to the negative pressure chamber 27, and the other end connects to the side of the pressure hole 28. A central hole 31 is opened at the end of the pressure shaft 29 away from the negative pressure chamber 27, and a side hole 32 connecting to the central hole 31 is opened on the side wall of the pressure shaft 29. By moving the pressure shaft 29, the side hole 32 can connect to the pressure channel 30, or the side wall of the side hole 32 can block the pressure channel 30. The negative pressure column 5 provides negative pressure through the negative pressure device, which includes a negative pressure pump and a negative pressure pipe connected to the negative pressure pump. A negative pressure hose is connected to the bottom of each negative pressure column 5. The flexible hose, or negative pressure hose, extends out of the fixed column 13 and connects to the negative pressure pipeline. A solenoid valve is installed on the negative pressure hose. A negative pressure pump provides negative pressure to the negative pressure column 5. When the negative pressure fixture is in operation, the side hole 32 and the air pressure channel 30 are arranged alternately. The air pressure channel 30 is sealed by the side wall of the air pressure shaft 29, allowing the negative pressure pump to smoothly generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 27. The negative pressure acts on the fixture through the negative pressure hole 6, achieving negative pressure fixture application. When the fixture is finished painting and needs to be unloaded, the negative pressure pump stops, and the air pressure shaft 29 moves, connecting the side hole 32 with the air pressure channel 30. This allows the negative pressure chamber 27 to connect with the atmosphere through the air pressure channel 30 and the side hole 32, instantly breaking the negative pressure adsorption state of the fixture. This allows the robotic arm to immediately clamp the fixture and complete the unloading, preventing the negative pressure adsorption force and clamping force from acting simultaneously on the fixture and causing paint to peel off.

[0047] Example 8

[0048] Based on Example 7, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, a large-diameter hole 33 is coaxially formed on the outer wall of the negative pressure column 5 with the air pressure hole 28. The diameter of the large-diameter hole 33 is larger than the diameter of the air pressure hole 28. A hollow drive column 34 is slidably arranged inside the large-diameter hole 33. One end of the air pressure shaft 29 is fixedly connected to the hollow drive column 34. A spring 35 is sleeved on the air pressure shaft 29. One end of the spring 35 is connected to the hollow drive column 34, and the other end is connected to the step formed by the large-diameter hole 33 and the air pressure hole 28. A hollow rotating shaft 36 is rotatably assembled inside the large-diameter hole 33. Two grooves 37 are symmetrically formed on the end of the hollow drive column 34 near the hollow rotating shaft 36. The two grooves 37 are connected by a passage. The hollow rotating shaft 36 is connected via an arc-shaped groove 38, which is V-shaped. The groove 38 and groove 37 are connected by a rounded transition. Two extrusion plates 39 are symmetrically fixed to the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft 36. When the two extrusion plates 39 are located within the two grooves 37, the side hole 32 connects to the air pressure channel 30. When the two extrusion plates 39 are located within the two arc-shaped grooves 38, the side hole 32 and the air pressure channel 30 are staggered. A drive ring 40 is fixedly fitted to the end of the hollow rotating shaft 36 away from the hollow drive column 34. A lever 41 is fixed to the side wall of the drive ring 40. An electric push rod is rotatably mounted on the negative pressure column 5. 42. The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 42 is rotatably connected to the lever 41. The telescopic movement of the electric push rod 42 causes the lever 41 to drive the drive ring 40 to deflect and reset. The drive ring 40 drives the hollow rotating shaft 36 to rotate, causing the hollow rotating shaft 36 to drive the extrusion plate 39 to switch positions within the arc-shaped groove 38 and the groove 37. Specifically, when the negative pressure column 5 needs to generate negative pressure to adsorb irregularly shaped plates, the hollow rotating shaft 36 drives the extrusion plate 39 to extrude the side wall of the groove 37. Guided by the arc-shaped side wall of the groove 37, the extrusion plate 39 pushes the hollow drive column 34 away from the hollow rotating shaft 36, so that the extrusion plate 39 is positioned... Inside the arc-shaped groove 38, the side hole 32 and the air pressure channel 30 are staggered to block the air pressure channel 30, allowing the negative pressure column 5 to adsorb the plate through the negative pressure. When it is necessary to break the negative pressure state of the negative pressure chamber 27, the electric push rod 42 drives the drive ring 40 to rotate, causing the extrusion plate 39 to press the side of the arc-shaped groove 38 and move into the groove 37. This causes the hollow drive column 34 and the air pressure shaft 29 to move closer to the hollow rotating shaft 36, thereby connecting the side hole 32 to the air pressure channel 30 and connecting the negative pressure chamber 27 to the atmosphere, thus instantly breaking the negative pressure state of the negative pressure chamber 27, allowing the coated plate to be unloaded immediately.

[0049] Furthermore, an installation step 55 is fixedly mounted on the negative pressure column 5, and an annular mounting platform 56 is fixed at the bottom of the panel mold 2 corresponding to the position of the installation step 55. The annular mounting platform 56 is connected to the installation step 55 by screws, which facilitates the installation and removal of the panel mold 2 and allows the panel mold 2 of the corresponding shape to be replaced according to the shape of the painted panel.

Claims

1. A comprehensive spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts, characterized in that, The system includes a spraying workbench, a multi-angle adjustment mechanism mounted on the spraying workbench, a panel mold, and a spraying mechanism. The multi-angle adjustment mechanism includes a lateral deflection plate, a longitudinal deflection plate, and a negative pressure fixture assembly. The lateral deflection plate is rotatably mounted on the spraying workbench, and the longitudinal deflection plate is rotatably mounted on the lateral deflection plate. The deflection axes of the lateral and longitudinal deflection plates are both horizontally aligned and perpendicular to each other. The negative pressure fixture assembly includes multiple negative pressure columns linearly mounted on the longitudinal deflection plate. Each negative pressure column has several negative pressure holes at its end away from the longitudinal deflection plate. The panel mold is fitted onto the negative pressure columns, and its dimensions match the dimensions of the panel to be sprayed. The panel mold has through holes for the negative pressure columns to pass through. The panel to be sprayed adheres to the panel mold and passes through the negative pressure fixture. Several heating chambers are independently formed within the panel mold. Each heating chamber is equipped with a hot air hose, which is connected to the air outlet pipe of the hot air equipment. Each hot air hose is equipped with a solenoid valve. According to the spraying position of the irregular plate, hot air is introduced into the heating chamber corresponding to that position to cure the fully sprayed area. This prevents the sprayed area from flowing when tilted. The heating chambers are independent of each other, only heating and curing the sprayed area to avoid the unsprayed area being at a high temperature, which would affect the adhesion of the paint. An annular heating chamber is formed around the through hole in the plate mold. An oblique hole is formed on the side wall of the through hole. The lower end of the oblique hole is connected to the annular heating chamber. Hot air enters the annular heating chamber and heats the plate around the through hole. The hot air in the annular heating chamber is blown out through the oblique hole. The hot air is tilted upwards and acts on the plate under the action of the oblique hole, so that the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole can be effectively heated, avoiding the problem of paint flowing at the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole. The spraying mechanism includes a moving crossbeam, a spraying slide, an electrostatic spray gun, and a hot air blower. The spraying slide is slidably mounted on the moving crossbeam, and the direction of movement of the spraying slide is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving crossbeam. The electrostatic spray gun and the hot air blower are both mounted on the spraying slide, and the hot air blower is arranged behind the electrostatic spray gun.

2. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each negative pressure column is equipped with a fixed column, and the top of the fixed column has an installation groove. The negative pressure column is slidably adapted to the installation groove. The fixed column has a locking cavity on one side of the installation groove. The side wall of the installation groove near the locking cavity has two vertical sliding grooves, which are connected to the locking cavity. A guide column is slidably adapted in the vertical sliding groove. The guide column is fixedly connected to the negative pressure column. A locking mechanism is provided in the locking cavity. The locking mechanism is located near the top of the fixed column. The locking mechanism includes a locking slider. Each guide column is equipped with a locking slider. The locking slider is used to press the guide column against the side wall of the vertical sliding groove.

3. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking mechanism further includes a bidirectional threaded rod and a driving shaft. Both the bidirectional threaded rod and the driving shaft are rotatably installed on the fixed column. The bidirectional threaded rod is perpendicular to the guiding column. The locking slider is threadedly sleeved on the bidirectional threaded rod. The thread directions of the two locking sliders are opposite. The guiding column and the bidirectional threaded rod are both perpendicular to the driving shaft. The driving shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed column. A first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are respectively sleeved on the driving shaft and the bidirectional threaded rod. The second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

4. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side wall of the fixed column is threadedly connected with a driving screw rod. The driving screw rod is coaxial with the driving shaft. A docking hole is opened at one end of the driving shaft close to the driving screw rod. A docking chute is axially opened on the side wall of the docking hole. A docking slider is slidably fitted in the docking chute. The tail of the driving screw rod movably penetrates into the docking hole. The docking slider is fixedly connected to the driving screw rod.

5. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A negative pressure chamber is provided in the negative pressure column. The negative pressure hole communicates with the negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure column is connected to a negative pressure device through a negative pressure hose. An air pressure hole is opened on the side wall of the negative pressure column. An air pressure shaft is slidably arranged in the air pressure hole. An air pressure channel is provided in the negative pressure column. One end of the air pressure channel communicates with the negative pressure chamber, and the other end is connected to one side of the air pressure hole. A central hole is opened at one end of the air pressure shaft away from the negative pressure chamber. A side hole communicating with the central hole is opened on the side wall of the air pressure shaft. By moving the air pressure shaft, the side hole communicates with the air pressure channel, or the side wall of the side hole blocks the air pressure channel.

6. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, A large-diameter hole is coaxially opened on the outer wall of the negative pressure column with respect to the air pressure hole. The diameter of the large-diameter hole is larger than that of the air pressure hole. A hollow driving column is slidably arranged in the large-diameter hole. One end of the air pressure shaft is fixedly connected to the hollow driving column. A spring is sleeved on the air pressure shaft. One end of the spring is connected to the hollow driving column, and the other end is connected to the step formed by the large-diameter hole and the air pressure hole. A hollow rotating shaft is rotatably assembled in the large-diameter hole. Two grooves are symmetrically opened at one end of the hollow driving column close to the hollow rotating shaft. The two grooves are connected by an arc-shaped groove. The shape of the arc-shaped groove is V-shaped. The arc-shaped groove and the groove are transitioned by an arc. Two extrusion plates are symmetrically fixed on the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft. When the two extrusion plates are respectively located in the two grooves, the side hole communicates with the air pressure channel. When the two extrusion plates are respectively located in the two arc-shaped grooves, the side hole and the air pressure channel are arranged staggeredly.

7. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, A driving ring is fixedly sleeved at one end of the hollow rotating shaft away from the hollow driving column. A dial rod is fixed on the side wall of the driving ring. An electric push rod is rotatably installed on the negative pressure column. The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the dial rod.

8. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two transverse supports are fixed on the spraying worktable, and a transverse rotating shaft is provided between the two transverse supports. The transverse rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the transverse supports. A transverse deflection plate is fixedly fitted on the transverse rotating shaft. A first motor is installed on one of the transverse supports, and the output shaft of the first motor is driven and connected to the transverse rotating shaft through a coupling. Two longitudinal supports are fixed on the transverse deflection plate, and a longitudinal rotating shaft is provided between the two longitudinal supports. The longitudinal rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the longitudinal supports, and a longitudinal deflection plate is fixedly fitted on the longitudinal rotating shaft. A second motor is installed on one of the longitudinal supports, and the output shaft of the second motor is driven and connected to the longitudinal rotating shaft.

9. The all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism also includes slide rails, a spraying base, and a spraying cylinder. Slide rails are arranged on both sides of the spraying workbench. The spraying base is slidably mounted on the slide rails. The spraying cylinder is vertically mounted on the top of the spraying base. The two ends of the moving crossbeam are respectively mounted on the telescopic shafts of the two spraying cylinders. A linear drive module is mounted on the bottom of the moving crossbeam. The spraying slide is mounted on the slide of the linear drive module.

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