Horizontal machining tool for preventing cutting thermal deformation based on low-temperature cooling liquid circulation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and discloses a horizontal machining tool for preventing cutting thermal deformation based on low-temperature cooling liquid circulation, which comprises a machine table, a working table is fixedly connected to the machine table through a bracket, a clamping piece is mounted on the working table, a workpiece is clamped on the clamping piece, a moving piece is mounted on the working table, and the moving piece is movably connected with the working table. A first motor is fixedly connected to the moving part, a switching disc is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first motor, a plurality of different types of turning tools are fixedly connected to the side wall of the switching disc through clamps, and the moving part can drive the switching disc to linearly move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The protection mechanism is arranged, when a workpiece is replaced, the switching disc can be moved into the protection circular groove through the moving piece at the moment, the turning tool is protected, and the situation that in the prior art, the turning tool is exposed during non-machining, and an operator is collided and scratched easily is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to a horizontal machining machine tool based on low-temperature cooling liquid circulation to prevent cutting thermal deformation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The horizontal machining machine tool is a numerical control machine tool with the main shaft in a horizontal state, mainly used in the machining industry, such as automobile manufacturing, machine tool manufacturing, mold, etc., and can complete the machining of medium and small box bodies, valve bodies and various complex parts.

[0003] The patent with the publication number "CN117884956B" "Horizontal five-axis turning and milling combined machining center" in the scheme, by setting milling head and turning tool on the machining spindle rotating around A axis, turning and milling functions are integrated into the same drive mechanism, high stability, easy to control, so that the motion precision error is not cumulative, effectively ensure the machining precision of workpiece, but the scheme still has certain defects:

[0004] 1. The turning tool and milling tool have sharp cutting edges, which are exposed during non-processing and are easy to cause operators to knock and scratch;

[0005] 2. After machining the workpiece, although the cooling liquid is sprayed on the workpiece and the tool, the subsequent cooling liquid carries the machining waste, which cannot be recycled and reused. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the turning tool and milling tool have sharp cutting edges, which are easy to cause operators to knock and scratch. Therefore, we propose a horizontal machining machine tool based on low-temperature cooling liquid circulation to prevent cutting thermal deformation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted: a horizontal machining machine tool based on low-temperature cooling liquid circulation to prevent cutting thermal deformation, comprising a machine table, a workbench is fixedly connected to the machine table through a support, a clamping piece is installed on the workbench, a workpiece is clamped on the clamping piece, a moving piece is installed on the workbench, a motor one is fixedly connected to the moving piece, a switching disc is fixedly connected to the movable end of the motor one, a plurality of different types of turning tools are fixedly connected to the side wall of the switching disc through clamps, the moving piece can drive the switching disc to move linearly along the X axis, Y axis and Z axis direction;

[0008] A protection mechanism is arranged on the workbench, the protection mechanism comprises a protection plate fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench, a protection circular groove is formed in the side wall of the protection plate close to the switching disc, and the protection circular groove is used for storing the turning tools when not in use.

[0009] Preferably, the protective circular groove is equipped with a cleaning mechanism, which includes an annular groove formed on the inner wall of the protective circular groove. A rotating ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. Multiple rigid tubes are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the ring. Multiple soft bristles are fixedly connected to the side walls of the multiple rigid tubes near the switching disk. A metal tube is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. The inner walls of the multiple rigid tubes that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal tube. A second motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the protective plate. Spur gears are fixedly connected to the side walls of the metal tubes and the side walls of the movable shaft of the second motor. The two spur gears mesh with each other.

[0010] Preferably, a high-pressure air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, and multiple dust suction holes are opened on the inner wall of the multiple rigid pipes. The side wall of the metal pipe is sealed and rotatably connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the external water collection tank.

[0011] Preferably, two support plates are fixedly connected to the lower end of the machine base, and a liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the side wall of the two support plates that are close to each other. The liquid storage tank contains coolant, and a liquid pump is installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank. A corrugated spray pipe is fixedly connected to the moving part, and the inlet of the corrugated spray pipe is directly opposite the cutting tool near the workpiece. The output end of the liquid pump is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corrugated spray pipe through a hose. Multiple submersible coolers are installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank.

[0012] Preferably, a fixing block is sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and a filter cylinder is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing block. A vertical rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the filter cylinder, and a spiral conveying blade is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod. The side wall of the spiral conveying blade is in contact with the inner wall of the filter cylinder. A motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter cylinder, and the movable end of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical rod. The inner wall of the machine is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the filter cylinder through a liquid inlet pipe. Multiple filter holes are opened on the upper part of the inner wall of the filter cylinder, and the upper end of the filter cylinder is located above the liquid storage tank.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed block is provided with a filter pressing mechanism, which includes four discs that are rotatably and sealed within the fixed block. Each of the four discs has an inclined groove on its inner wall. An inclined plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined groove. A sponge filter element is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inclined plate. The side wall of the sponge filter element is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the inclined groove. A groove is provided at the upper end of the fixed block. A through groove corresponding to the inclined groove is provided at the bottom of the groove and at the lower end of the fixed block.

[0014] Preferably, the inclined groove has multiple liquid outlet holes on its inner wall near its inclined side, and the fixed block has four liquid outlet channels corresponding to the four discs on its side wall. The multiple liquid outlet holes on the discs are all located in the liquid outlet channels corresponding to the discs. The upper end of the liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to four electric push rods corresponding to the four discs, and the movable ends of the four electric push rods are fixedly connected to a sealing box that cooperates with the inclined groove.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the liquid storage tank has two arc-shaped grooves, and the inner walls of the two arc-shaped grooves are slidably connected to two arc-shaped plates. The side walls of the two arc-shaped plates that are close to each other are fixedly connected to an incomplete helical gear ring. The side wall of the fixed block is rotatably connected to four rotating shafts that correspond one-to-one with the four disks. The side wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of its corresponding disk. The side walls of the four rotating shafts are all fixedly connected to helical gears, and the four helical gears mesh with the incomplete helical gear ring.

[0016] Preferably, a motor is fixedly connected to the side wall of the liquid storage tank, and the movable end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating shafts. Flow sensors are installed in all four liquid outlet channels.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the inclined groove has two slots communicating with the side wall of the disc, the inner wall of the sealed box is slidably connected to a slide plate, the lower end of the slide plate is fixedly connected to two insert plates corresponding to the two slots, the side walls of the two insert plates are slidably connected to the bottom wall of the sealed box through a seal, and the lower end of the slide plate is elastically connected to the bottom of the sealed box through multiple magnetic springs.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. A protective mechanism is set up so that when changing workpieces, the switching plate can be moved into the protective circular groove by the moving part to protect the cutting tool and avoid the exposure of the cutting tool when not machining, which is easy to cause bumps and scratches to the operator.

[0020] 2. A cleaning mechanism is set up, driven by a second motor. Through two spur gears and a metal tube, multiple hard tubes are rotated, which in turn rotate multiple soft bristles. This can remove fine particles of powder adhering to the surface of multiple cutting tools, ensuring the cleanliness of the cutting tool surface and preventing the presence of fine particles of powder from affecting subsequent machining and heat dissipation of the cutting tool.

[0021] 3. The filter cartridge and pressure filter mechanism can thoroughly clean the used coolant of all sizes, ensuring the cleanliness of the coolant for subsequent recycling. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal machining tool based on low-temperature coolant circulation to prevent cutting thermal deformation according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial vertical sectional view of the central protective plate.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A top-view sectional view of the intermediate liquid storage tank;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the vertical sectional structure;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intermediate liquid storage tank;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional structure of one of the disks;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure.

[0033] Legend: 1. Machine base; 2. Workbench; 3. Clamping component; 4. Workpiece; 5. Moving component; 6. Motor 1; 7. Switching plate; 8. Lathe tool; 9. Protective plate; 10. Protective circular groove; 11. Annular groove; 12. Circular ring; 13. Rigid tube; 14. Soft brush bristles; 15. Dust suction hole; 16. High-pressure air inlet pipe; 17. Metal tube; 18. Motor 2; 19. Spur gear; 20. Liquid storage tank; 21. Liquid pump; 22. Corrugated spray pipe; 23. Hose; 24. Submersible cooler; 25. Fixing block; 26. Filter cartridge; 27. Vertical rod; 28. Spiral conveyor blade; 29. ​​Motor 3; 30. Inlet pipe; 31. Filter hole; 32. Disc; 33. Inclined groove; 34. Inclined plate; 35. Sponge filter element; 36. Groove; 37. Through groove; 38. Liquid outlet channel; 39. Liquid outlet hole; 40. Flow sensor; 41. Arc groove; 42. Arc plate; 43. Incomplete helical gear ring; 44. Rotating shaft; 45. Helical gear; 46. Motor 4; 47. Slot; 48. Electric push rod; 49. Sealing box; 50. Slide plate; 51. Insert plate; 52. Magnetic spring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 10 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a horizontal machining tool based on low-temperature coolant circulation to prevent cutting thermal deformation, including a machine base 1, a worktable 2 fixedly connected to the machine base 1 by a bracket, a clamping component 3 installed on the worktable 2, a workpiece 4 clamped on the clamping component 3, a moving component 5 installed on the worktable 2, a motor 6 fixedly connected to the moving component 5, a switching disk 7 fixedly connected to the movable end of the motor 6, and multiple different types of cutting tools 8 fixedly connected to the side wall of the switching disk 7 by a fixture, the moving component 5 can drive the switching disk 7 to move linearly along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

[0036] It should be noted that the clamping member 3 can clamp and rotate the workpiece 4, and the moving member 5 can drive the switching disk 7 to move linearly along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. This structure has been disclosed in the patent with publication number "CN117884956B" and is existing technology. At the same time, multiple turning tools 8 can respectively perform external circle machining, end face machining, step machining, thread machining and chamfering machining on the workpiece 4, etc., and different turning tools 8 can be selected as needed.

[0037] The workbench 2 is equipped with a protective mechanism, which includes a protective plate 9 fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench 2. The protective plate 9 has a protective groove 10 on its side wall near the switching disk 7. The protective groove 10 is used to store the cutting tool 8 when it is not in use. When the workpiece 4 is changed, the switching disk 7 can be moved into the protective groove 10 by the moving part 5 to protect the cutting tool 8 and avoid the cutting tool 8 being exposed when not being processed, which is easy to cause the operator to bump and scratch.

[0038] The protective circular groove 10 is equipped with a cleaning mechanism, which includes an annular groove 11 formed in the inner wall of the protective circular groove 10 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown), the inner wall of the annular groove 11 is sealed and slidably connected to a self-rotating ring 12. The inner wall of the ring 12 is fixedly connected to multiple rigid tubes 13. Multiple soft bristles 14 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the multiple rigid tubes 13 near the switching disk 7. The inner wall of the annular groove 11 is rotatably connected to a metal tube 17. The inner walls of the multiple rigid tubes 13 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the metal tube 17. The side wall of the protective plate 9 is fixedly connected to a second motor 18. The side walls of the metal tube 17 and the side walls of the movable shaft of the second motor 18 are fixedly connected to spur gears 19, and the two spur gears 19 mesh with each other.

[0039] When the switching disk 7 moves into the protective circular groove 10, the side walls of multiple cutting tools 8 are in contact with multiple soft bristles 14. At this time, the drive motor 18 drives multiple hard tubes 13 to rotate through two spur gears 19 and a metal tube 17, which in turn drives multiple soft bristles 14 to rotate. This can remove the fine particles of powder adhering to the surface of multiple cutting tools 8, ensuring the cleanliness of the cutting tool 8 surface and preventing the presence of fine particles of powder from affecting the subsequent processing of the cutting tool 8 and affecting the heat dissipation of the cutting tool 8.

[0040] A high-pressure air inlet pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove 11, and multiple dust suction holes 15 are opened on the inner walls of multiple rigid pipes 13 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown), the side wall of the metal pipe 17 is sealed and rotatedly connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the external water collection tank, and water can collect the powder flowing out of the metal pipe 17.

[0041] When cleaning fine powder particles from the surface of the cutting tool 8, high-pressure air is introduced into the high-pressure air inlet pipe 16. Then, the high-speed airflow flows out of the metal pipe 17 through the annular groove 11 and multiple hard tubes 13. When the high-speed airflow flows at high speed in the multiple hard tubes 13, according to Bernoulli's principle, under the condition of flow at the same height, the greater the flow velocity, the lower the pressure. That is, the pressure in the multiple hard tubes 13 is relatively small. At this time, the multiple hard tubes 13 will draw air from the outside through multiple dust suction holes 15, which can suck out the fine powder particles cleaned off the surface of the cutting tool 8 and avoid polluting the working environment.

[0042] Two support plates are fixedly connected to the lower end of the machine base 1. A liquid storage tank 20 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the two support plates that are close to each other. The liquid storage tank 20 contains coolant. A liquid pump 21 is installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 20. A corrugated spray pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the moving part 5. The inlet of the corrugated spray pipe 22 is directly opposite the cutting tool 8 near the workpiece 4 (e.g., Figure 2 As shown), the output end of the liquid pump 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corrugated spray pipe 22 through the hose 23. Multiple submersible coolers 24 are installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 20, which can cool the coolant in the liquid storage tank 20 and keep it at a low temperature to spray onto the cutting tool 8, thus avoiding thermal deformation of the cutting tool 8 and the workpiece 4 during the machining process.

[0043] The bottom of the liquid storage tank 20 is sealed and fixedly connected to a fixing block 25 (such as...). Figure 6 As shown), a filter cylinder 26 is fixedly and sealed through the inner wall of the fixed block 25. A vertical rod 27 is rotatably and sealed at the bottom of the filter cylinder 26. A spiral conveyor blade 28 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vertical rod 27. The side wall of the spiral conveyor blade 28 is in contact with the inner wall of the filter cylinder 26. A motor 29 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the filter cylinder 26. The movable end of the motor 29 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the vertical rod 27. The inner wall of the machine base 1 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner wall of the filter cylinder 26 through the liquid inlet pipe 30 (e.g., Figure 6 As shown), multiple filter holes 31 are provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the filter cylinder 26, and the upper end of the filter cylinder 26 is located above the liquid storage tank 20.

[0044] During the machining process of the lathe tool 8 and the workpiece 4, the debris along with the coolant enters the filter cylinder 26 through the inlet pipe 30. The drive motor 29 rotates in the forward direction, which drives the spiral conveyor blade 28 to rotate in the forward direction through the vertical rod 27. The coolant and debris entering the filter cylinder 26 are conveyed upward together. The coolant will flow out through multiple filter holes 31, while large debris particles will be conveyed upward with the spiral conveyor blade 28 to the top of the liquid storage tank 20 and flow out. Only periodic cleaning by the staff is required.

[0045] The fixed block 25 is equipped with a filter press mechanism, which includes four discs 32 that are rotatably connected to the fixed block 25 in a sealed manner. Each of the four discs 32 has an inclined groove 33 on its inner wall (e.g., Figure 8 As shown), the inner wall of the inclined groove 33 is sealed and slidably connected to the inclined plate 34, and the side wall of the inclined plate 34 is fixedly connected to the sponge filter element 35. The side wall of the sponge filter element 35 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the inclined groove 33. The upper end of the fixing block 25 is provided with a groove 36, and the bottom of the groove 36 and the lower end of the fixing block 25 are both provided with through grooves 37 corresponding to the inclined groove 33.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, the openings of the inclined grooves 33 on the two discs 32 near the submersible cooler 24 are initially positioned at the top, while the openings of the inclined grooves 33 on the two discs 32 away from the submersible cooler 24 are positioned below the initial position. The coolant flowing down from the filter hole 31 will enter the two inclined grooves 33 with the openings at the top through the groove 36 and the through groove 37. At this time, the sponge filter element 35 can filter out the fine particles in the coolant to ensure the cleanliness of the subsequently circulating coolant.

[0047] The inclined groove 33 has multiple liquid outlet holes 39 on its inner wall near its inclined side. The side wall of the fixed block 25 has four liquid outlet channels 38 corresponding to the four discs 32. The multiple liquid outlet holes 39 on the discs 32 are all located in the liquid outlet channels 38 corresponding to the discs 32. The upper end of the liquid storage tank 20 is fixedly connected to four electric push rods 48 corresponding to the four discs 32. The movable ends of the four electric push rods 48 are all fixedly connected to sealing boxes 49 that cooperate with the inclined groove 33.

[0048] When the openings of the inclined grooves 33 at the two discs 32 are located at the bottom, the two electric push rods 48 corresponding to the two discs 32 extend, so that the two sealing boxes 49 enter the two through grooves 37 located at the top corresponding to the two discs 32, thus preventing coolant from entering the two through grooves 37 corresponding to the two discs 32.

[0049] After the coolant has been in the two upward-facing inclined grooves 33 for a period of time, the flow rate of coolant is small due to the blockage of the sponge filter element 35 by fine particles. At this time, the two electric push rods 48 at this location are adjusted to extend or retract intermittently, which drives the two sealing boxes 49 to move up and down into the two through grooves 37 and the two inclined grooves 33 at this location, squeezing the sponge filter element 35 and accelerating the flow of coolant.

[0050] The inner wall of the liquid storage tank 20 has two arc-shaped grooves 41. The inner walls of the two arc-shaped grooves 41 are slidably connected to two arc-shaped plates 42. The side walls of the two arc-shaped plates 42 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to an incomplete helical gear ring 43. The side wall of the fixed block 25 is rotatably connected to four rotating shafts 44 that correspond one-to-one with the four discs 32. The side walls of the rotating shafts 44 are fixedly connected to the side walls of their corresponding discs 32. The side walls of the four rotating shafts 44 are all fixedly connected to helical gears 45, and the four helical gears 45 mesh with the incomplete helical gear ring 43.

[0051] A motor 46 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the liquid storage tank 20. The movable end of the motor 46 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating shafts 44. Flow sensors 40 are installed in each of the four liquid outlet channels 38.

[0052] It should be noted that the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 20 is located below the liquid outlet channel 38, ensuring that the flow sensor 40 can accurately sense the flow rate of the internal coolant. At the same time, the two flow sensors 40 located near the two discs 32 of the submersible cooler 24 are electrically connected to the motor 46 via an external first control mechanism, and the two flow sensors 40 located away from the two discs 32 of the submersible cooler 24 are electrically connected to the motor 46 via an external second control mechanism.

[0053] In the initial state, when there are many fine particles in the two sponge filter elements 35 in the two upward-opening inclined grooves 33, even though the sponge filter elements 35 are squeezed, the flow rate of the coolant in the two liquid outlet channels 38 is less than the minimum value set by the two flow sensors 40. At this time, the motor 46 is controlled to rotate in the forward direction by the external first control mechanism, which in turn drives multiple rotating shafts 44 and four discs 32 to rotate in the forward direction by multiple helical gears 45 and incomplete helical gear rings 43. This causes the two discs 32 in the inclined grooves 33 that were initially open upward to rotate downward, and the two discs 32 in the inclined grooves 33 that were initially open downward to rotate upward. Then, the two electric push rods 48 corresponding to the downward-opening inclined grooves 33 of the two discs 32 are extended, so that the two sealing boxes 49 enter the two through grooves 37 located above the two discs 32, preventing the coolant from entering the two through grooves 37 corresponding to the two discs 32.

[0054] The two clean sponge filter elements 35 in the two inclined grooves 33 with their openings facing upwards can filter the fine particles in the coolant again. At the same time, when there are many fine particles in the two sponge filter elements 35 in the two inclined grooves 33 with their openings facing upwards, the coolant flow rate in the two outlet channels 38 is less than the minimum value set by the two flow sensors 40. At this time, the motor 46 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction by the external second control mechanism, which drives the four discs 32 to rotate in the opposite direction by half a turn to the initial position. Thus, the four sponge filter elements 35 can be replaced without stopping the machine.

[0055] The bottom of the inclined groove 33 has two slots 47 that communicate with the side wall of the disc 32. The inner wall of the sealed box 49 is slidably connected to a slide plate 50. The lower end of the slide plate 50 is fixedly connected to two insert plates 51 that correspond one-to-one with the two slots 47. The side walls of the two insert plates 51 are slidably connected to the inner bottom wall of the sealed box 49 through a seal. The lower end of the slide plate 50 is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the sealed box 49 through multiple magnetic springs 52.

[0056] It should be noted that after the magnetic spring 52 is energized, due to electromagnetic induction, the magnetic spring 52 interacts with the current in the external magnetic field, which can generate different magnitudes of tension to control the stretching deformation and movement state of the magnetic spring 52. This is existing technology. When the two upward-opening inclined slots 33 rotate to the bottom, the multiple magnetic springs 52 corresponding to the two inclined slots 33 are energized and contracted by the external third control mechanism, which drives the slide plate 50 and the two insert plates 51 to extend out of the sealed box 49. Then, when the two sealed boxes 49 move down to block the two through slots 37 located above, the two insert plates 51 will enter the inclined slots 33 through the two slots 47, press the inclined plate 34 downward, and squeeze the sponge filter element 35 out of the inclined slots 33 and the through slots 37 located below, which makes it easy to replace the sponge filter element 35 at this point. Afterwards, it is only necessary to put the replaced sponge filter element 35 back into the two downward-opening inclined slots 33.

[0057] When this lathe is in use, firstly, the clamping part 3 can clamp and rotate the workpiece 4, and the motor 6 drives the switching disk 7 to rotate. The corresponding cutting tool 8 is selected according to the surface machining requirements of the workpiece 4. Finally, the moving part 5 can drive the switching disk 7 to move linearly along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis, so that different types of cutting tools 8 can perform different types of machining on the surface of the workpiece 4.

[0058] When replacing workpiece 4, the switching disk 7 can be moved into the protective circular groove 10 by the moving part 5 to protect the cutting tool 8. At this time, the side walls of multiple cutting tools 8 are in contact with multiple soft bristles 14. The drive motor 18 drives multiple hard tubes 13 to rotate through two spur gears 19 and a metal tube 17, which in turn drives multiple soft bristles 14 to rotate. This can remove the fine particles and powder adhering to the surface of multiple cutting tools 8, ensuring the cleanliness of the cutting tool 8 surface.

[0059] When cleaning fine powder particles from the surface of the lathe tool 8, high-pressure air is introduced into the high-pressure air inlet pipe 16. Then, the high-speed airflow flows out from the metal pipe 17 through the annular groove 11 and multiple hard tubes 13. When the high-speed airflow flows at high speed in the multiple hard tubes 13, according to Bernoulli's principle, under the condition of flow at the same height, the greater the flow velocity, the lower the pressure. That is, the pressure in the multiple hard tubes 13 is relatively small. At this time, the multiple hard tubes 13 will draw air from the outside through multiple dust suction holes 15, which can suck out the fine powder particles cleaned off the surface of the lathe tool 8 and avoid causing pollution to the working environment.

[0060] When the cutting tool 8 is working, coolant can be sprayed onto the cutting tool 8 through the liquid pump 21, hose 23 and corrugated spray pipe 22 to prevent thermal deformation of the cutting tool 8 and workpiece 4 during the machining process.

[0061] During the machining process of the lathe tool 8 and the workpiece 4, the debris is carried by the coolant and enters the filter cylinder 26 through the liquid inlet pipe 30. The drive motor 29 rotates in the forward direction, and drives the spiral conveyor blade 28 to rotate in the forward direction through the vertical rod 27. The coolant and debris entering the filter cylinder 26 are conveyed upward together. The coolant will flow out through multiple filter holes 31, while large debris particles will be carried upward by the spiral conveyor blade 28 to the top of the liquid storage tank 20 and flow out.

[0062] Meanwhile, the coolant flowing down from the filter hole 31 will enter the two inclined grooves 33 with the opening located at the top through the groove 36 and the through groove 37. At this time, the sponge filter element 35 can filter out the fine particles in the coolant to ensure the cleanliness of the subsequent circulating coolant.

[0063] After the coolant has been in the two upward-facing inclined grooves 33 for a period of time, the flow rate of coolant is small due to the blockage of the sponge filter element 35 by fine particles. At this time, the two electric push rods 48 at this location are adjusted to extend or retract intermittently, which drives the two sealing boxes 49 to move up and down into the two through grooves 37 and the two inclined grooves 33 at this location, squeezing the sponge filter element 35 and accelerating the flow of coolant.

[0064] When there are many fine particles in the two sponge filter elements 35 in the two upward-opening inclined grooves 33, even though the sponge filter elements 35 are squeezed, the flow rate of the coolant in the two liquid outlet channels 38 is less than the minimum value set by the two flow sensors 40. At this time, the motor 46 is controlled to rotate in the forward direction by the external first control mechanism. Then, multiple helical gears 45 and incomplete helical gear rings 43 drive multiple rotating shafts 44 and four discs 32 to rotate in the forward direction by half a turn. This causes the two discs 32 in the inclined grooves 33 that were initially open upward to rotate to the bottom, and the two discs 32 in the inclined grooves 33 that were initially open downward to rotate to the top. Then, the two electric push rods 48 corresponding to the downward-opening inclined grooves 33 of the two discs 32 are extended, so that the two sealing boxes 49 enter the two through grooves 37 located above the two discs 32, preventing the coolant from entering the two through grooves 37 corresponding to the two discs 32.

[0065] Furthermore, when the two upward-opening inclined slots 33 rotate downwards, the external third control mechanism controls the multiple magnetic springs 52 corresponding to the two inclined slots 33 to be energized and contracted, causing the slide plate 50 and the two insert plates 51 to extend out of the sealed box 49. Subsequently, when the two sealed boxes 49 move down to block the two upper through slots 37, the two insert plates 51 will enter the inclined slots 33 through the two slots 47, press the inclined plate 34 downwards, and squeeze the sponge filter element 35 out of the inclined slots 33 and the lower through slots 37, making it easy to replace the sponge filter element 35 at this location. Afterwards, it is only necessary to reinsert the replaced sponge filter element 35 into the two downward-opening inclined slots 33.

[0066] The two clean sponge filter elements 35 in the two inclined grooves 33 with their openings facing upwards can filter the fine particles in the coolant again. At the same time, when there are many fine particles in the two sponge filter elements 35 in the two inclined grooves 33 with their openings facing upwards, the coolant flow rate in the two outlet channels 38 is less than the minimum value set by the two flow sensors 40. At this time, the motor 46 is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction by the external second control mechanism, which drives the four discs 32 to rotate in the opposite direction by half a turn to the initial position. Thus, the four sponge filter elements 35 can be replaced without stopping the machine.

[0067] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal machine tool for preventing thermal deformation by cutting based on circulation of cryogenic coolant, characterized by, Including machine platform, the workbench is fixedly connected through the support on the machine platform, the workbench is installed with the clamping piece, the workbench is installed with the moving piece, the motor one is fixedly connected on the moving piece, the motor one movable end is fixedly connected with the switch disc, the switch disc side wall is fixedly connected with multiple different types of turning tools through the clamp, the moving piece can drive the switch disc linear motion along X axis, Y axis and Z axis direction; The workbench is provided with a protection mechanism, the protection mechanism includes a protection plate fixedly connected to the upper end of the workbench, a protection circular groove is formed in the side wall of the protection plate close to the switch disc, and the protection circular groove is used for storing the turning tool when not in use.

2. A horizontal machine tool based on the circulation of cryogenic cooling fluid to prevent thermal deformation by cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism is arranged in the protection circular groove, the cleaning mechanism includes an annular groove formed in the inner wall of the protection circular groove, the inner wall of the annular groove is sealingly and slidably connected with a rotatable annular ring, a plurality of hard pipes are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular ring, a plurality of soft bristles are fixedly connected to the side wall of each hard pipe close to the switch disc, a metal pipe is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove, the inner walls of the hard pipes close to each other are fixedly communicated with the inner wall of the metal pipe, the side wall of the protection plate is fixedly connected with a motor two, the side wall of the metal pipe and the movable shaft of the motor two are fixedly connected with a straight gear, and the two straight gears are engaged.

3. A horizontal machine tool according to claim 2, wherein: The inner wall of the annular groove is fixedly connected with a high-pressure air inlet pipe, a plurality of dust suction holes are formed in the inner wall of each hard pipe, and the side wall of the metal pipe is sealingly and rotatably connected with the inner wall of an external water collecting tank.

4. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: The lower end of the machine platform is fixedly connected with two support plates, the side walls of the two support plates close to each other are fixedly connected with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is provided with cooling liquid, a liquid pump is installed on the bottom of the liquid storage tank, a corrugated liquid spraying pipe is fixedly connected to the moving piece, the pipe opening of the corrugated liquid spraying pipe is opposite to the turning tool close to the workpiece, the output end of the liquid pump is fixedly communicated with the inner wall of the corrugated liquid spraying pipe through a hose, and a plurality of submersible refrigerators are installed on the bottom of the liquid storage tank.

5. A horizontal machine tool according to claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the liquid storage tank is sealingly and fixedly connected with a fixing block, the inner wall of the fixing block is sealingly and fixedly connected with a filter cartridge, the bottom of the filter cartridge is sealingly and rotatably connected with a vertical rod, the side wall of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with a spiral conveying blade, the side wall of the spiral conveying blade is attached to the inner wall of the filter cartridge, the lower end of the filter cartridge is fixedly connected with a motor three, the movable end of the motor three is fixedly connected with the lower end of the vertical rod, the inner wall of the filter cartridge is fixedly communicated with the lower part of the inner wall of the filter cartridge through a liquid inlet pipe, a plurality of filter holes are formed in the upper part of the inner wall of the filter cartridge, and the upper end of the filter cartridge is located above the liquid storage tank.

6. A horizontal machine tool according to claim 5, wherein: The fixing block is provided with a filter pressing mechanism, the filter pressing mechanism includes four discs sealingly and rotatably connected in the fixing block, the inner wall of each disc is provided with an inclined groove, the inner wall of the inclined groove is sealingly and slidably connected with an inclined plate, the side wall of the inclined plate is fixedly connected with a sponge filter element, the side wall of the sponge filter element is closely attached to the inner wall of the inclined groove, a groove is formed in the upper end of the fixing block, and the inner bottom of the groove and the lower end of the fixing block are both provided with a through groove corresponding to the inclined groove.

7. A horizontal machine tool according to claim 6, wherein: The chute is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes near the inner wall below the inclined lower side, the fixed block side wall is provided with four liquid outlet channels corresponding to the four discs, the plurality of liquid outlet holes on the disc are located in the liquid outlet channel corresponding to the disc, the liquid storage tank upper end is fixedly connected with four electric push rods corresponding to the four discs, and the four electric push rod movable ends are fixedly connected with sealing boxes matched with the chute.

8. A horizontal machine tool according to claim 7, wherein: The liquid storage tank inner wall is provided with two arc-shaped grooves, the two arc-shaped groove inner walls are slidably connected with two arc-shaped plates, the two arc-shaped plate mutually close side walls are fixedly connected with an incomplete helical tooth ring, the fixed block side wall is rotatably connected with four shafts corresponding to the four discs, the shaft side wall is fixedly connected with the disc side wall, the four shaft side walls are fixedly connected with helical gears, and the four helical gears are meshed with the incomplete helical tooth ring.

9. A horizontal machine tool according to claim 8, wherein: The liquid storage tank side wall is fixedly connected with a motor four, one end of the motor four movable end and one of the shafts are fixedly connected, and the four liquid outlet channels are provided with flow sensors.

10. The horizontal machine tool according to claim 7, wherein: The chute inner bottom is provided with two insertion grooves in communication with the disc side wall, the sealing box inner wall is slidably connected with a sliding plate, the sliding plate lower end is fixedly connected with two insertion plates corresponding to the two insertion grooves, the two insertion plate side walls and the sealing box inner bottom wall are sealingly and slidably connected, and the sliding plate lower end is elastically connected with the sealing box inner bottom through a plurality of magnetic springs.

Images