Dynamic braking equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamic brake device (1) comprising a hub motor and a drum brake. A drum brake includes a brake drum and a brake unit housed in the brake drum. The dynamic braking device (1) comprises a base plate (3) to which the drive stator is fixed, where the braking unit (4) is arranged on a first side (5) of the base plate (3). The brake unit (4) is configured to be mechanically connected to a vehicle interface of the vehicle, the vehicle interface being arranged on a second side (6) of the base plate (3) opposite the first side (5). The purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved dynamic braking device integrated with a hub motor and a drum brake. To this end, it is provided that at least one sealing element (7) is arranged between at least one component of the drum brake and an opening (9) through the base plate (3) in order to seal the first side (5) against the second side (6). Thus, the dynamic brake device is sealed to prevent water ingress and brake dust escape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a power braking device, comprising a hub motor and a drum brake. The hub motor includes a drive rotor and a drive stator. The drum brake includes a brake drum and a braking unit housed within the brake drum. The power braking device includes a base plate, with the drive stator fixed to the base plate. The braking unit is disposed on a first side of the base plate and configured to mechanically connect with a vehicle interface, which is disposed on a second side of the base plate opposite to the first side. This invention also relates to a vehicle including at least one power braking device of the aforementioned type. Background Technology

[0002] This type of drum brake is known, for example, from WO 2013 004 410A1.

[0003] For example, another power braking device with a drum brake is known from EP 27 41 933 B1. The actuator and brake shoes of the drum brake are fixed to the axially outer bottom of the tank-shaped stator housing. The brake drum is an integral design with the drive rotor.

[0004] Other wheel-integrated motors with integrated drum brakes are known from DE 11 2010 002 771 T5 and US2020 044 514A1.

[0005] When drum brakes and hub motors are integrated into a dynamic braking system, the question arises of where to mount the expansion mechanism and brake shoes. This is because the steel plate, typically used separately for drum brakes, significantly increases the weight of the dynamic braking system, thus increasing unsprung mass. Furthermore, hub motors are more sensitive to environmental isolation than drum brakes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a power braking device of the above type, which improves the integration of hub motor and drum brake.

[0007] According to the invention, this objective is achieved by a power braking device of the type described above, characterized in that at least one sealing element is arranged between at least one component of the drum brake and an opening through the substrate, so as to seal the first side relative to the second side.

[0008] As a result of this design, the base plate supporting the drive stator can also serve as the base plate for the braking unit of a drum brake. Therefore, the drum brake does not include its own brake anchor plate (this is typically the case for drum brakes without a hub motor), but this function is performed by the base plate. Thus, the base plate, as part of the hub motor's motor housing, is sealed single or multiple times by at least one sealing element between at least one component of the drum brake and an opening through the base plate. Hub motors are even more sensitive to the ingress of liquids and dust than drum brakes alone, and therefore require special protection against liquid ingress. The sealing element also prevents brake dust from escaping from the power braking system, thereby significantly reducing fine dust emissions from the connected vehicle.

[0009] A hub motor (or a wheel-integrated motor) can be arranged axially stacked with a drum brake in a dynamic braking system. The drum brake according to the invention is well-suited for integration into such a dynamic braking system without unnecessarily increasing the overall weight of the system due to its own brake anchor plate. Simultaneously, it avoids a significant reduction in service life due to the ingress of liquids or dust. The motor may include a drive stator and a drive rotor.

[0010] The drive stator is understood as the part of the stator that actively contributes to driving, such as the winding section and the corresponding winding support. Correspondingly, the drive rotor is understood as the part of the rotor that actively contributes to driving and carries, for example, permanent magnets, such as the inner rotor and / or the outer rotor.

[0011] In this specification, "axial" or "axial direction" should be understood as a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the vehicle wheel, the power braking device, or the brake drum during operation, while "radial" or "radial direction" should be understood as a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation. In this document, "power braking device" should be understood as a combination of a friction brake and a wheel-integrated motor (or hub motor).

[0012] Preferred embodiments and improvements of the present invention can be derived from the corresponding dependent claims.

[0013] A braking unit is understood to be an assembly comprising, for example, one or more of the following elements: an expansion device (hydraulic wheel cylinder or electromechanically driven expansion device), at least one brake shoe (particularly two brake shoes) movable toward the brake drum via the expansion device, a reset device for returning the brake shoe to a neutral position, an adjustment device for compensating for brake pad wear, and a parking brake lever for moving the brake shoe via an operating device fixed to the parking brake lever by the parking brake. According to the definition in this application, the brake drum, parking brake actuator, electromechanical service brake actuator, and other elements of the drum brake arranged on the second side of the base plate are not particularly considered part of the braking unit. In the sense of this application, a drum brake refers to the braking unit and the brake drum. Optional elements of the drum brake may be, for example, a parking brake actuator, a mounting frame for the parking brake actuator, or an electromechanical service brake actuator.

[0014] In one embodiment, the drum brake includes a hydraulically actuated wheel cylinder disposed on a first side of a base plate for moving the brake shoes of the braking unit toward the brake drum. At least one sealing element is disposed between the wheel cylinder and the base plate such that at least one hydraulic brake line is sealed and guided from a second side through a brake line opening in the base plate to the first side. Two hydraulic brake lines may also be guided through the same sealing element and sealed. The hydraulic lines and the exhaust valve may also be sealed by the same sealing element.

[0015] Preferably, the sealing element between the wheel cylinder and the base plate extends not only around at least one hydraulic brake line but also around at least one wheel cylinder retaining element to seal both. This simplifies the assembly of the power braking device. The sealing element may have a common notch through which at least one wheel cylinder retaining element and at least one hydraulic brake line pass.

[0016] Preferably, the wheel cylinder has a (e.g., rectangular) connecting base that abuts against a sealing element in the axial direction. The sealing element may cover the surface of the connecting base, except for notches for hydraulic brake lines and / or exhaust valves and / or at least one wheel cylinder mounting element.

[0017] Preferably, the drum brake includes an electromechanically operable actuator disposed on a second side of the base plate, wherein an actuation device of the actuator extends from the second side through an actuation device opening in the base plate to a first side, wherein the actuation device is functionally operatively connected to the braking unit, and the actuation device opening is sealed by at least one sealing element. The electromechanically operable actuator may be the sole actuator of the braking unit (e.g., in the case of an electromechanical service brake), or may be an additional electromechanical parking brake actuator (parking brake actuator) provided in addition to the service brake actuator (hydraulic or electromechanical).

[0018] In one embodiment, the electromechanically operable actuator is an electromechanical service brake actuator, particularly including a parking brake integrated into the transmission mechanism of the service brake actuator. The control electronics of the electromechanical service brake actuator may be arranged on or beside a second side of the base plate. The service brake actuator is understood to not only provide parking braking functionality but is also configured to provide adjustable and variable braking force during operation by manipulating the braking unit.

[0019] Preferably, the actuation device is a transmission mechanism connected to the expansion unit of the braking unit on the first side of the base plate, the transmission mechanism at least partially passing through the opening of the actuation device. The expansion unit can be connected to the brake shoes of the braking unit at both ends, so that the expansion unit can cause the brake shoes to move toward the brake drum to generate braking torque.

[0020] In one embodiment, the electromechanically operable actuator is an electromechanical parking brake actuator. The electromechanical parking brake actuator can linearly move a control device mechanically connected to the braking unit so that one or more brake shoes interact with the brake drum, particularly for providing parking brake functionality.

[0021] Preferably, the drum brake includes a fixed frame, wherein an electromechanically operable actuator is fixed to a second side of a base plate via the fixed frame, and wherein at least one sealing element is arranged between the fixed frame and the base plate.

[0022] Preferably, the drum brake includes a fixed frame, wherein an electromechanically operable actuator is fixed to a second side of the base plate via the fixed frame, and at least one sealing element is arranged between the fixed frame and the electromechanically operable actuator. For example, the fixed frame may extend the actuation device opening on the second side of the base plate to achieve stable guidance of the actuation device. Thus, the sealing element may be arranged at the axial end of the actuation device opening on the second side of the base plate to seal the actuation device opening between the fixed frame and the electromechanically operable actuator.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment

[0024] - At least one sealing element is an O-ring, and / or

[0025] - At least one sealing element is an overmolded O-ring, and / or

[0026] - At least one sealing element is a flat sealing element (in particular a sealing membrane) having an opening for the element to be sealed to pass through.

[0027] Preferably, the drum brake includes a fixed frame, wherein the parking brake actuator is fixed to a second side of the base plate by the fixed frame, such that the operating device extends at an angle of 10°-80°, preferably 30°-60°, and particularly preferably 40°-50° relative to a plane parallel to the base plate. In particular, if the operating device is a cable or similar tension element, large-angle (e.g., 90°) bends are avoided, reducing wear and load on the operating device. Simultaneously, if the parking brake actuator is arranged at an angle relative to the rotation axis of the power braking device (e.g., substantially diagonally at approximately 45°), the distance extending beyond the base plate in the vehicle direction is smaller, saving axial structural space.

[0028] Preferably, a guide element is arranged on the first side of the substrate adjacent to the operating device opening. The guide element is configured to deflect the operating device between the operating device opening and the braking unit, such that the operating device extends at an angle of 0°-30°, preferably 0°-20°, and particularly preferably 0°-10° relative to a plane parallel to the substrate between the guide element and the connection to the braking unit. This allows the operating element to act on the braking unit (particularly the parking brake lever) in an optimal force direction. The guide element may additionally cover a sealing element on the first side of the substrate to further improve the seal. Furthermore, the guide element may provide a rounded opening edge for the operating device opening to reduce wear on the operating device.

[0029] Preferably, the control device includes a cable connected to the braking unit, the cable passing through an opening in the control device. The cable may be made of multiple metal wires.

[0030] Preferably, the winding section of the drive stator of the hub motor is also fixed to the base plate. Thus, the base plate functions not only as a guide for the brake shoes but also as a carrier for the winding section. The winding section can extend substantially axially from the base plate. The winding section is preferably arranged on the same side of the base plate as the brake drum and / or brake unit. Alternating current can be applied to the winding section to generate a magnetic field, which interacts with the permanent magnets of the rotor, thereby generating torque between the drive rotor and the drive stator.

[0031] Preferably, the hub motor is a dual-rotor radial magnetic field motor, wherein the drive stator includes a winding section arranged radially between an outer rotor having permanent magnets and an inner rotor having permanent magnets. The hub motor may include a drive rotor with a substantially can-shaped construction, wherein the outer rotor forms the radial outer wall of the drive rotor, and the inner rotor is arranged as a flange at the can-shaped bottom of the drive rotor. The drive rotor may be fixed together with the brake drum to a rotatable internal section of the hub bearing.

[0032] In one embodiment, the braking unit is arranged radially inside and axially at substantially the same position as the winding section and / or the outer rotor with permanent magnets and / or the inner rotor with permanent magnets. This allows for a particularly advantageous arrangement of the structural space of the braking unit and, in particular, optimal combination with a dual-rotor radial field motor with a large radial structure. "Arranged axially at substantially the same position" should be understood as the braking unit being arranged such that at least 50% of its axial structural length overlaps with the corresponding other components.

[0033] Preferably, the hub bearing is arranged radially inside the drive stator and overlaps the drive stator axially, wherein the fixed outer ring (outer bearing) of the hub bearing is connected to the base plate. The rotatable internal section of the hub bearing can be connected to the brake drum and / or the drive rotor.

[0034] The objective of the invention is also achieved by a vehicle including at least one power braking device according to any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0035] Further details of the invention will be derived from the description of the illustrated embodiments and the appended claims. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 An isometric exploded view of an embodiment of the power braking device according to the present invention is shown, showing details of the connection between the wheel cylinder and the base plate.

[0037] Figure 2 An isometric exploded view of another embodiment of the power braking device according to the present invention is shown, showing details of the connection between the parking brake actuator and the base plate.

[0038] Figure 3 It shows according to Figure 2 An isometric exploded view of the fixing frame and the substrate.

[0039] Figure 4 It shows according to Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the interconnected parking brake actuator, mounting frame, and base plate.

[0040] Figure 5 An isometric partially exploded view of another embodiment of the power braking device according to the invention is shown, showing details of guide elements for the actuation element on a first side of the substrate.

[0041] Figure 6 It shows the relationship with Figure 5 This view is taken along the axial direction, compared to the view of the guide element in a slightly modified embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] In the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same or substantially the same parts in these embodiments or in the embodiments. However, for the sake of better illustration of the invention, the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings are not always shown to scale.

[0043] Figures 1 to 6 An embodiment and components of a power braking device 1 according to the present invention are shown, comprising a motor integrated with a wheel and a drum brake arranged axially overlapping the motor. For clarity, components of the power braking device 1 that are not essential for explaining the invention are not shown in the figures.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the drum brake includes an expansion mechanism, here in the form of a wheel cylinder 2. The power braking device 1 includes a base plate 3, which carries a drive stator having a winding section and serves as the base plate for the braking unit 4 of the drum brake. The braking unit 4 is arranged on the first side 5 of the base plate 3. The central rotation axis A of the power braking device 1, particularly the central rotation axis A of the drive rotor and the brake drum, is located at... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown in the image.

[0045] At least one sealing element is arranged between at least one component of the drum brake and the opening through the substrate 3, for use relative to the second side 6 (see more details). Figure 2 Seal the first side 5.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a hydraulically operable wheel cylinder 2, arranged on the first side 5 of the base plate 3, is configured to move the brake shoes of the braking unit 4 toward the brake drum. A sealing element 7 (sealing diaphragm or flat sealing element) is arranged between the wheel cylinder 2 and the base plate 3. Thus, the hydraulic brake line extends in a sealed manner from the second side 6 through the brake line opening 9 in the base plate 3 or can extend to the hydraulic connector 8. An exhaust valve 10 is also provided here. The sealing element 7 between the wheel cylinder 2 and the base plate 3 extends not only around the hydraulic connector 8 but also around the two wheel cylinder fixing elements and the exhaust valve 10, so as to jointly seal all the aforementioned elements. The wheel cylinder fixing elements are not shown, but two fixing element openings 9A adjacent to the brake line opening 9 are shown.

[0047] Figure 2 The electromechanical parking brake actuator 11 is shown integrated in the base plate 3. The electromechanical parking brake actuator 11 enables linear movement of the connected operating device 12 (including cables herein). The operating device 12 is mechanically connected to the braking unit 4 (particularly to the parking brake lever) to engage one or more brake shoes with the brake drum, particularly for providing parking brake function.

[0048] Here, the drum brake also includes a fixing frame 13, through which the parking brake actuator 11 is fixed to the second side 6 of the base plate 3. The fixing frame 13 causes the operating device opening 14 to extend on the second side 6 of the base plate 3 to achieve stable guidance of the operating device 12. A sealing element 15 (O-ring or overmolded O-ring) is arranged on the axial end of the operating device opening 14 to seal the operating device opening 14 between the fixing frame 13 and the parking brake actuator 11. To better show the operating device opening 14, a partial cross-section of the fixing frame 13 is shown here, and only the distal end wall of the operating device 12 through the operating device opening 14 is shown for better display. The end of the operating device 12, which is functionally connected to the braking unit 4, is arranged on the first side 5 of the base plate 3 in the assembled state.

[0049] The parking brake actuator 11 is fixed to the second side 6 of the base plate 3 by a fixing frame 13, such that the operating device 12 extends at a particularly preferred angle of 40°-50° relative to a plane parallel to the base plate 3. In particular, when the operating device 12 is a cable or similar tension element, this avoids large-angle (e.g., 90°) bends, reducing wear and load on the operating device 12. Simultaneously, if the parking brake actuator 11 is arranged at an angle relative to the axis of rotation of the power braking device 1 (e.g., substantially diagonally at approximately 45°), the distance it protrudes beyond the base plate 3 in the vehicle direction is smaller, saving axial structural space.

[0050] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, another sealing element 16 (O-ring) is arranged between the fixing frame 13 and the substrate 3.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a guide element 17 is arranged on the first side 5 of the substrate 3 adjacent to the operating device opening 14. The guide element is configured to deflect the operating device 12 between the operating device opening 14 and the braking unit 4. Thus, the operating device 12 extends at an angle preferably 0°-10° relative to a plane parallel to the substrate between the guide element 17 and the connection portion with the braking unit 4.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the guide element 17 can be further improved by a sealing element 16 that includes a ring portion 17A additionally covering the first side 5 of the substrate 3, the ring portion corresponding to the opening profile of the operating device opening 14 on the first side 5. For this purpose, the guide element 17 can be fixed to the substrate 3 as a separate component, particularly by means of a fixing device 18 (here, a bolt) when using a sealing element 19 (O-ring).

[0053] according to Figure 6The guide element 17 is integrally constructed with the substrate 3.

[0054] exist Figure 5 and Figure 6 In both embodiments, the guiding element includes a guide groove 20 for guiding the control device 12, particularly when the control device includes a cable.

[0055] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0056] 1. Power braking equipment

[0057] 2-cylinder wheel

[0058] 3 substrate

[0059] 4 Braking Unit

[0060] 5 First side

[0061] 6 Second side

[0062] 7 Sealing elements

[0063] 8 Hydraulic joints

[0064] 9. Brake line opening

[0065] 9A Fixing Component Opening

[0066] 10. Exhaust valve

[0067] 11 Parking brake actuator

[0068] 12. Control device

[0069] 13 Fixed Frame

[0070] 14. Operating device opening

[0071] 15 Sealing elements

[0072] 16 Sealing elements

[0073] 17. Guide elements

[0074] 17A Ring Section

[0075] 18 Fixture

[0076] 19 Sealing elements

[0077] 20 Guide grooves

[0078] A rotation axis

Claims

1. A power brake device (1) comprising a wheel hub motor and a drum brake, the wheel hub motor comprising a drive rotor and a drive stator, the drum brake comprising a brake drum and a brake unit (4) accommodated in the brake drum, the power brake device (1) comprising a base plate (3) on which the drive stator is fixed, the brake unit (4) being arranged on a first side (5) of the base plate (3), the brake unit (4) being configured to be mechanically connected with a vehicle interface of a vehicle, the vehicle interface being arranged on a second side (6) of the base plate (3) opposite the first side (5), characterized in that at least one sealing element (7, 15, 16) being arranged between at least one component of the drum brake and an opening (9, 14) through the base plate (3) to seal the first side (5) against the second side (6).

2. Power brake device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum brake comprising a hydraulically operable wheel cylinder (2) arranged on the base plate (3) on the first side (5) for moving a brake shoe of the brake unit (4) towards the brake drum, at least one sealing element (7) being arranged between the wheel cylinder (2) and the base plate (3) such that at least one hydraulic brake line is sealingly guided from the second side (6) to the first side (5) through a brake line opening (9) in the base plate (3).

3. Power brake device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that The sealing element (7) between the wheel cylinder (2) and the base plate (3) extends not only around the at least one hydraulic brake line but also around at least one wheel cylinder fixing element to seal both.

4. Power brake device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum brake comprising an electromechanically operable actuator (11) arranged on the second side (6) of the base plate (3), an actuating device (12) of the actuator (11) extending from the second side (6) to the first side (5) through an actuating device opening (14) in the base plate (3), the actuating device (12) being in functional operative connection with the brake unit (4), the actuating device opening (14) being sealed by at least one sealing element (15, 16).

5. A power brake device (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that The electromechanically operable actuator is an electromechanical service brake actuator, in particular comprising a parking brake integrated into a transmission mechanism of the service brake actuator.

6. A power brake device (1) according to claim 5, characterised in that The actuating device (12) is a transmission mechanism which is connected on the first side (5) of the base plate (3) with an expansion unit of the brake unit (4), the actuating device at least partially passing through the actuating device opening (14).

7. A power brake device (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that The electromechanically operable actuator is an electromechanical parking brake actuator (11).

8. Power brake device (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that The drum brake comprises a fixing frame (13), wherein the electromechanically operable actuator (11) is fixed on the second side (6) of the base plate (3) by means of the fixing frame (13), at least one sealing element (16) being arranged between the fixing frame (13) and the base plate (3).

9. Power brake device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that The drum brake comprises a fixing frame (13), wherein the electromechanically operable actuator (11) is fixed on the second side (6) of the base plate (3) by means of the fixing frame (13), at least one sealing element (15) being arranged between the fixing frame (13) and the electromechanically operable actuator (11).

10. The power brake device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the at least one sealing element (15, 16, 19) is an O-ring, and / or - the at least one sealing element (15) is an overmoulded O-ring, and / or - the at least one sealing element (7) is a flat sealing element having an opening for the passage of the element to be sealed.

11. Power brake device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that The drum brake comprises a stationary frame (13) by means of which the parking brake actuator (11) is fixed on the second side (6) of the base plate (3), the actuating device (12) extending at an angle of 10°-80°, preferably 30°-60°, particularly preferably 40°-50°, with respect to a plane parallel to the base plate (3).

12. Power brake device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that On the first side (5) of the base plate (3) there is arranged a guide element (17) adjacent to the actuating device opening (14), the guide element serving to deflect the actuating device (12) between the actuating device opening (14) and the brake unit (4) such that the actuating device (12) extends at an angle of 0°-30°, preferably 0°-20°, particularly preferably 0°-10°, with respect to a plane parallel to the base plate (3) between the guide element (17) and the connection to the brake unit (4).

13. Power brake device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that The actuating device (12) comprises a cable connected to the brake unit (4), the cable passing through the actuating device opening (14).

14. Power brake device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The wheel hub motor is a double-rotor radial magnetic field electric machine, wherein the drive stator comprises winding sections arranged in the radial direction between the outer rotor with permanent magnets and the inner rotor with permanent magnets.

15. A power brake device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The brake unit (4) is arranged radially inside and axially at substantially the same position as the drive stator and / or the outer rotor with permanent magnets and / or the inner rotor with permanent magnets.

16. A power brake device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that The wheel hub bearing is arranged radially inside the drive stator and axially overlapping the drive stator, wherein the stationary outer ring of the wheel hub bearing is connected to the base plate (3).

17. A vehicle comprising at least one power brake device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

Images