Copper cluster-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material

Abstract

The invention records a copper cluster-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material, and the copper cluster is an atomic-scale wave-absorbing performance enhancer and has an obvious enhancement effect on the wave-absorbing performance of a cheap universal commercially available carbon black material. A small amount of atomic clusters are added to the surface of cheap commercially available carbon black through a simple physical and mechanical stirring and mixing process, and the result shows that the wave-absorbing performance of carbon is improved by 3.46 times through the addition amount of only 3 wt% of copper clusters Cu6. When the thickness of a prepared sample is 2.2 mm, the maximum absorption bandwidth obtained within the range of 12.24 to 17.8 GHz is 5.56 GHz; and when the thickness is 3.5 mm, the maximum wave absorbing efficiency is-73.16 dB.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, and particularly relates to a copper cluster and carbon black composite wave absorbing material. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of modern electronic information technology, wireless communication technology has become an indispensable part of people's daily life. Electromagnetic radiation brings increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution problems, which can cause communication obstruction and failure of high-precision electronic equipment, and cause great safety hazards in the fields of aerospace, electronic communication, etc. Effective protection and management of electromagnetic radiation have become an important problem to be solved. Electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, also known as wave absorbing materials, can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference and leakage due to their high efficiency in absorbing incident electromagnetic waves, and can protect the normal operation of equipment. And in the manufacture of various antennas, microwave devices, radar systems and other electronic components, the performance and stability of the electronic components are significantly improved.

[0003] In the face of production and life needs, there is an urgent need for a material with low filling quality, wide coverage frequency band and excellent electromagnetic wave absorbing performance. Carbon materials have been widely concerned by scientists due to their low density, high strength and low cost, and are considered to be wave absorbing materials with excellent application prospect. However, early studies show that commercially available carbon materials have poor wave absorbing performance due to single loss mechanism and other problems. For example, the maximum bandwidth of ordinary carbon black is only 4.28 GHz, the coverage bandwidth is narrow, the maximum reflection loss is only-21.12 dB, and the wave absorbing efficiency cannot meet many indicators. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a copper cluster-carbon black composite wave absorbing material with excellent performance and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a copper cluster-carbon black composite wave absorbing material, which is composed of copper cluster Cu6 and carbon black.

[0007] Preferably, the mass ratio of copper cluster Cu6 to carbon black is 3:10.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a preparation method of the copper cluster-carbon black composite wave absorbing material of the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0009] The copper cluster Cu6 and the carbon black are mixed in proportion and then mechanically stirred uniformly to obtain the wave absorbing material.

[0010] In a third aspect, the present application further provides the use of the copper cluster-carbon black composite wave absorbing material of the first aspect.

[0011] Preferably, when the wave-absorbing material is mixed with paraffin wax at a mass ratio of 13:87 and then pressed into a test piece with a thickness of 2.2 mm, a maximum bandwidth of 5.56 GHz is obtained within 12.24-17.8 GHz, and when the thickness is 3.5 mm, the maximum wave-absorbing efficiency is -73.16 dB.

[0012] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides an electronic component comprising the copper cluster-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material of the first aspect.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0014] In the present application, copper cluster Cu6 is compounded with carbon black, and when the content of copper cluster Cu6 is only 3wt% (in the test piece), the maximum bandwidth is increased to 5.56 GHz, and the maximum wave-absorbing efficiency is -73.16 dB. Therefore, by adding a small amount of cluster Cu6 material, the wave-absorbing performance of ordinary carbon black can be greatly improved, the low-cost commercial advantage of carbon black is ensured, and the wave-absorbing performance is expanded. The present application has wide application prospects in the fields of electromagnetic equipment anti-interference, electromagnetic pollution prevention, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 SEM image of the Cu6-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material prepared in Example 3, wherein the elements correspond to the carbon element distribution and copper element distribution of Example 2, respectively.

[0016] Figure 2 Wave-absorbing performance diagram of the Cu6-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material prepared in Example 3 under different thicknesses.

[0017] Figure 3 Three-dimensional wave-absorbing performance diagram of the Cu6-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material prepared in Example 3 under different thicknesses.

[0018] Figure 4 Electromagnetic wave absorption simulation schematic diagram of the Cu6-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material prepared in Example 3 and a perfect conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in combination with the drawings and examples. The following examples are only exemplary and are used to explain and illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the technical solutions of the present application.

[0020] Ligand-protected metal clusters have hybrid nature, seamlessly combining inorganic cores with organic ligand shells, endowing them with extraordinary chemical flexibility and releasing extraordinary application potential in different fields. Due to the unique electronic structure, quantum size effect and unsaturated coordination environment of metal clusters, they have attracted extensive attention. In addition to unique electronic behavior, they also exhibit physical and chemical properties different from nanoparticles, making them have potential application prospects in the wave absorption field.

[0021] The present application mainly uses ordinary carbon black material, takes advantage of the low cost of simple and easy carbon black, and adds a small amount of copper cluster Cu6 to optimize the wave absorption performance, expand the maximum absorption bandwidth, and improve the maximum wave absorption efficiency, so that it has a wide application prospect in the wave absorption field such as electromagnetic equipment anti-interference and electromagnetic pollution prevention.

[0022] The specific conditions not specified in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not specified by the manufacturer, but are conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0023] Among them, the copper cluster Cu6 of the present application is prepared according to the method given in reference literature Wu Q J, Si D H, Sun P P, et al. Angewandte Chemie, 2023, 135(36): e202306822. The comparative sample Ag6 is prepared according to the method given in reference literature Zhang F, Gao Y, Lu P, et al. Nano Letters, 2023, 23(4): 1582-1590.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] (1) In a 20ml beaker, add 10mg carbon black.

[0026] (2) Add 90mg of paraffin, and continue to heat on the 80℃ heating table to melt the paraffin.

[0027] (3) Continue to stir to make the carbon black mixed evenly.

[0028] (4) Press the material into a mold to form a ring.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] (1) Mix 1mg Cu6 cluster and 10mg carbon black, and mechanically stir evenly to prepare Cu6-carbon black composite wave absorption material;

[0031] (2) In a 20ml beaker, add the above Cu6-carbon black composite wave absorption material (11mg);

[0032] (3) Add 89mg of paraffin, and continue to heat on the 80℃ heating table to melt the paraffin.

[0033] (4) Continue stirring to ensure that the carbon black and Cu6 clusters are mixed evenly.

[0034] (5) Press the material into the mold to form a ring.

[0035] Example 3:

[0036] (1) Mix 3 mg of Cu6 clusters and 10 mg of carbon black and stir mechanically to prepare Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material;

[0037] (2) Add the above Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material (13mg) to a 20ml beaker;

[0038] (3) Add 87mg of paraffin and heat it continuously at 80℃ to melt the paraffin.

[0039] (4) Continue stirring to ensure that the carbon black and Cu6 clusters are mixed evenly.

[0040] (5) Press the material into the mold to form a ring.

[0041] Example 4:

[0042] (1) Mix 5 mg of Cu6 clusters and 10 mg of carbon black and stir mechanically to prepare Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material;

[0043] (2) Add the above Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material (15mg) to a 20ml beaker;

[0044] (3) Add 85mg of paraffin and heat it continuously at 80℃ until the paraffin melts.

[0045] (4) Continue stirring to ensure that the carbon black and Cu6 clusters are mixed evenly.

[0046] (5) Press the material into the mold to form a ring.

[0047] Example 5:

[0048] (1) Mix 3 mg Ag6 clusters and 10 mg carbon black and stir mechanically to prepare Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material;

[0049] (2) Add the above Ag6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material (13mg) to a 20ml beaker;

[0050] (3) Add 87mg of paraffin and heat it continuously at 80℃ to melt the paraffin.

[0051] (4) Continue stirring to ensure that the carbon black and Ag6 clusters are mixed evenly.

[0052] (5) Press the material into the mold to form a ring.

[0053] The performance of the microwave absorbing materials prepared in Examples 1-5 above is shown in Table 1. It can be seen that the Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material described in Example 3 has the maximum electromagnetic wave absorption bandwidth and the minimum reflection loss (RL). Similarly, silver clusters (Ag6) are also composites with carbon black, but they do not achieve the performance indicators of the Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material, highlighting the superiority of the Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material. The SEM images of the Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material prepared in Example 3 are shown below. Figure 1 As shown, both Cu6 clusters and carbon black are granular and have a certain degree of interfacial contact under mechanical mixing.

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] The microwave absorption performance of the Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material prepared in Example 3 above is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the absorption performance at different thicknesses basically covers the C, X, and Ku bands. It can be seen that when the thickness is 2.2mm, it obtains a maximum bandwidth of 5.56GHz in the 12.24-17.8GHz range, and when the thickness is 3.5mm, it has the maximum absorption efficiency of -73.16dB.

[0057] The three-dimensional graphs of frequency versus reflection loss for the Cu6-carbon black composite absorbing material prepared in Example 3 at different thicknesses are shown below. Figure 3 As shown. Its radar cross section (RCS) simulates electromagnetic wave absorption performance and is compared with that of a perfect electrical conductor (PEC). Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the Cu6-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material has better actual microwave absorption performance.

[0058] It should be noted that the above descriptions are some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other ways. Those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technologies. However, any modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the embodiments without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention and based on the relevant technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A copper cluster-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material, characterized in that, The wave-absorbing material is composed of copper cluster Cu6 and carbon black.

2. The wave-absorbing material of claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of copper cluster Cu6 and carbon black is 3:

10.

3. The preparation method of the copper cluster-carbon black composite microwave absorbing material as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The wave-absorbing material is obtained by mixing copper cluster Cu6 and carbon black in proportion and mechanically stirring them uniformly.

4. Use of the copper cluster-carbon black composite wave-absorbing material according to claim 1 or 2.

5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the wave-absorbing material is mixed with paraffin in a mass ratio of 13:87 and then pressed into a test piece with a thickness of 2.2 mm, a maximum bandwidth of 5.56 GHz is obtained within 12.24-17.8 GHz, and the maximum wave-absorbing efficiency is -73.16 dB when the thickness is 3.5 mm.

6. An electronic component, characterized by The method comprises the following steps: mixing copper cluster Cu6 and carbon black in proportion, mechanically stirring them uniformly, and obtaining the wave-absorbing material.

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